SMART Goals to Improve Your English Learning

提昇您的英文學習的SMART目標

Hi, I’m Oli.

嗨，我是Oli。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you’re going to learn about setting goals for yourself in your English

在本節課程裡，您會學到為自己的 英文學習設定目標，

studies, and how it can help you to learn English faster.

以及它如何幫助您更快地學習英文。

Setting goals?

設定目標？

What’s that got to do with English?

那和英文有什麼關係？

Actually, it’s incredibly important.

實際上，它是難以置信地重要。

Mistakes with goal setting are a big reason why English learners don’t reach their goals.

設定目標錯誤是英文學生為什麼沒有 達成他們的目標的一個主要理由。

When we meet new students at OOE, the first thing we do is talk about goals and help students

當我們在OOE遇到新學生，我們 做的第一件事情是談論目標，

set clear study targets.

並幫學生設定明確的學習目標。

We often hear students say things like:

我們通常聽到學生們說些事情，像是：

“I want to be fluent in English.”

“I want to be fluent in English.”

“I want to speak English like a native speaker.”

“I want to speak English like a native speaker.”

“I want to speak without making pronunciation or grammar mistakes.”

“I want to speak without making pronunciation or grammar mistakes.”

Here’s the thing: these goals are no good.

這裡是問題所在：這些目標不好。

If you say things like this, you’ll create problems for yourself.

如果您的目標像是這樣， 您會給您自己找麻煩。

Let’s think about why that is.

我們想想那是為什麼。

Firstly, these goals are too big, and too unclear.

首先，這些目標太大， 太不明確了。

What does ‘fluent’ mean?

“fluent”意思是什麼？

How will you know when you’re fluent in English?

您怎麼會知道您什麼時候 會英文流利？

Ask ten different people what ‘fluent’ means, and you’ll get ten different answers.

問十個不同的人“fluent”的意思是什麼， 您會得到十個不同的答案。

Because you have this goal which is huge and unclear, you don’t know where to start.

因為您有的這個目標太大了、太不 明確了，您不知道從哪裡開始。

You know you want to do something, but you don’t know what.

您知道您想做某些事情， 但是，您不知道是什麼。

Even if you do make some progress, you don’t feel like you’re getting closer to what

即使您有了一些進步，您沒有 感覺到您在接近

you want.

您想要的。

Then, you feel discouraged.

然後，您感到很洩氣。

“Why can’t I learn English?”

“Why can’t I learn English?”

“Why is my English still so bad?”

“Why is my English still so bad?”

“Why am I spending all this time studying if my English isn’t getting better?”

“Why am I spending all this time studying if my English isn’t getting better?”

At this point, many people give up.

在這一點上，很多人放棄了。

But, it doesn’t have to be like this.

但是，那不必像是這樣的。

There’s a better way: SMART goal setting.

有一個更好的方式：SMART目標設定。

SMART is an acronym; it stands for specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timebound.

SMART是首字母縮略字；它代表specific、 measurable、achievable、relevant、timebound。

To make progress in English, you need to think about your goals.

要在英文上取得進步， 您需要考慮您的目標。

In this lesson, you’ll learn how to set SMART goals, and how this can help you to

在本節課裡，您會學到怎樣設定SMART 目標，以及這可以怎樣

learn English faster.

幫助您去更快地學習英文。

First, let’s look at SMART goals in more detail.

首先，看看SMART目標的更多細節。

The ‘s’ in SMART stands for ‘specific’.

SMART裡的“s”是指“specific”。

Your goals need to be specific.

您的目標要是具體的。

“I want to speak English like a native” is not specific; “I want to be able to talk

“I want to speak English like a native” 不是具體的；“I want to be able to talk

about everyday topics without hesitating”, is better.

about everyday topics without hesitating”， 比較好一點。

“I want to improve my English grammar”—not specific enough.

“I want to improve my English grammar” — 不夠具體。

“I want to learn how to use past verb forms accurately” is better.

“I want to learn how to use past verb forms accurately”更好。

Sometimes, you might need to talk to a teacher or an expert to help you make your goals specific.

有時，您也許需要和一位老師或一位專家 交談，來幫助您讓您的目標具體。

Alternatively, you might need to do some research to set specific goals.

或者，您也許要做一些研究 以設定具體目標。

‘M’ stands for ‘measurable’.

“M”是指“measurable”。

There needs to be a way you can check your progress.

必須有您可以檢查 您的進步的辦法。

So, here’s a better goal: “I want to be able to talk about five everyday topics for

所以，這裡是一個更好的目標：“I want to be able to talk about five everyday topics for

one minute without hesitating.”

one minute without hesitating.”

‘A’ stands for ‘achievable’.

“A”代表“achievable”。

Your goal shouldn’t be too easy, but it also shouldn’t be too hard.

您的目標不能是太容易的， 但是，它也不能是太難的。

If you say something like, “I want to speak perfect English,” that isn’t achievable.

如果您像這樣說： “I want to speak perfect English,”，那是不可實現的。

That doesn’t mean you can never do it, but it’s a goal which will take years—or decades—to

那不意味著您永遠做不到那個，但是， 那是一個要花幾年 — 或

reach.

幾十年 — 來達成的目標。

You need a goal you can achieve in a relatively short time period.

您需要一個您能在一個相對較短的 時間期間內實現的目標。

So, if you have a bigger goal, like “I want to speak English fluently,” you need to

所以，如果您有一個比較大的目標， 像是“I want to speak English fluently,”，

break that goal into smaller, more achievable steps, like, “I want to be able to talk

您需要把目標分解成較小的、更可 實現的步驟。像是： “I want to be able to talk

about five everyday topics for one minute without hesitating.”

about five everyday topics for one minute without hesitating.”

Next is ‘R’, which stands for ‘relevant’.

接下來是“R”，它代表“relevant”。

This means that your English-learning goals need to connect with other parts of your life.

這意味著您的英文學習目標需要與 您的生活的其他部分相關聯。

If you want to improve your pronunciation, think about why you need this.

如果您想改善您的發音， 考慮您為什麼需要這個。

What will it help you to do?

它會幫助您做什麼？

What will change in other areas of your life if your English pronunciation is better?

如果您的英文發音更好，在您的 生活的其他部分裡的什麼會改變？

You need an answer to this, because it’s almost impossible to stay motivated if your

您對這要有一個答案，因為如果您的 學習沒有改變您的

studies don’t make a difference in other parts of your life.

生活裡的其他部分， 您幾乎是不可能保持有動力的。

Finally, the ‘T’ stands for ‘timebound’.

最後，“T”代表“timebound”。

This means you need a time limit on your goal.

這意思是您需要在您的 目標上有一個時間限制。

You need to set a date where you can say, “I did this!” or “I didn’t do this…”

您需要設定一個您可以說“I did this!” 或“I didn’t do this…”的日期。

Hopefully, because your goals are specific, achievable and relevant, you’ll be able

希望是這樣，因為您的目標是 具體的，可實現的和相關聯的，

to say, “I did this!” more often than not!

您會更常說“I did this!”， 而不是說沒有！

So, let’s add a time limit to our goal: Now you know what SMART goals are.

所以，我們給我們的目標添加一個時間 限制：現在您知道SMART目標是什麼了。

Let’s look at how you can set yourself SMART goals to improve different areas of your English.

我們看看您怎樣自己設定SMART目標， 來讓您的英文在不同領域獲得提昇。

Do you want to improve your English speaking?

您想要提高您的英文口說嗎？

Of course you do!

當然，您要。

Everyone we meet wants to speak English better.

我們遇到的每一個人都想要 講英文講得更好。

Here’s something we often hear from students:

這裡是一些我們常常從 學生們那裡聽到的：

“I want to express myself better.

“I want to express myself better.

I feel like I don’t have enough vocabulary when I speak English.”

I feel like I don’t have enough vocabulary when I speak English.”

Let’s make some SMART goals from this idea.

我們來為這個想法設定一些SMART目標。

First of all, what do you want to talk about?

首先，您想談論什麼？

Everyday topics, like your home, your family, or your hobbies?

日常主題，像是您的家、 您的家人或者您的喜好？

Or, do you want to talk about more abstract or poetic, like history, psychology, or love?

或者，您想談一些更抽象的或 更詩意的，像是歷史、心理學或愛？

Choose something.

選擇某些事情。

Everyone’s different, so we can’t choose a topic for you, but choose one for yourself.

每個人是不同的，所以我們不能為您選擇 一個主題，但是，您要自己選一個。

Next, make your goal measurable.

接下來，設定您的目標是可測定。

Adding a time element is a good way to do this; for example:

添加一個時間元素是做 這個的好方式；例如：

“I want to be able to talk about Van Gogh’s life and paintings in detail for three minutes

“I want to be able to talk about Van Gogh’s life and paintings in detail for three minutes

without running out of words.”

without running out of words.”

Next, you need to ask yourself: is this achievable and relevant?

接下來，您需要自問：這是 可實現的並有關聯的嗎？

Is this realistic for you, and does it connect to other areas of your life?

這對您來說是現實的嗎，以及與 您的生活的其他領域有關聯嗎？

Looking at our example goal—talking about Van Gogh’s life and paintings—the answers

看看我們的目標例子 — 談論梵谷 的生活和油畫 — 答案

will probably be ‘no’!

有可能是“no”！

That’s because it’s an example which we gave you.

因為那是我們 給您的一個事例。

But, when you make your own goals, you should ask yourself the same questions: is it realistic,

但是，當您制定自己的目標，您要自問 同一個問題：那是現實的嗎，

and does it connect to other areas of your life?

是有和您的生活的其他領域有關聯的嗎？

If you don’t do this, you’ll waste time working towards goals which are unrealistic

如果您沒有這樣做，您會浪費 時間朝著不切實際

or irrelevant.

和不相關聯的目標努力。

This will hurt your motivation.

這會讓您缺乏動力。

Finally, you need to make your goal timebound; for example:

最後，您要制定您的目標的時間限制； 例如：

“By the end of this month, I want to be able to talk about Van Gogh’s life and paintings

“By the end of this month, I want to be able to talk about Van Gogh’s life and paintings

in detail for three minutes without running out of words.”

in detail for three minutes without running out of words.”

To reach your goal, you may need to set yourself additional, minor goals, such as:

要達到您的目標，您也許要自己設定 額外的、次要的目標，像是：

“By the end of this week, I will learn the English names of ten of Van Gogh’s paintings.”

“By the end of this week, I will learn the English names of ten of Van Gogh’s paintings.”

“By the end of next week, I will be able to describe ‘Sunflowers’ in detail, without

“By the end of next week, I will be able to describe ‘Sunflowers’ in detail, without

forgetting any words.”

forgetting any words.”

“By tomorrow, I will have read this English article about Van Gogh’s life, and I‘ll

“By tomorrow, I will have read this English article about Van Gogh’s life, and I‘ll

underline twenty words and phrases to learn.”

underline twenty words and phrases to learn.”

In this way, a big, vague goal becomes specific, and you have clear steps which you can follow

用這種方式，一個大的、模糊的目標 變成具體的，您有了您可以遵循

to make progress and improve.

來取得進步和提昇的清晰步驟。

Let’s do another example to see how you can use SMART goals to improve your English

我們來做另一個例子，來看看您 可以怎樣用SMART目標

pronunciation.

來改善您的英文發音。

Here’s something we often hear from students:

這裡是一些我們常常從 學生們那裡聽到的：

“I want to sound more natural when I speak English.”

“I want to sound more natural when I speak English.”

Let’s see how you can take this goal and make it SMART.

我們看看您可以怎樣設定 這個目標並讓它SMART。

Especially with pronunciation and other linguistic knowledge, you might need some help to make

特別是發音和其他語言學知識， 您或許需要一些幫助來讓

your goal specific.

您的目標變得具體。

Often, when we teach people pronunciation, they need our help because they don’t really

通常，當我們教人們發音時，他們需要 我們的幫助，因為他們真的

know where to start.

不知道要從哪裡開始。

If this is your situation, then you either need help from a teacher, or you need to do

如果您的情形是這樣的，那麼，您要麼 需要一位老師的幫助，要麼

your own research.

您要做您自己的研究。

You need to do something, because a goal like, “I want to sound more natural when I speak

您要做些事情，因為，一個像 “I want to sound more natural when I speak

English,” isn’t enough.

English,” 這樣的目標是不夠的。

Let’s see how you could make this more specific:

我們來看看您可以怎樣讓這個更具體：

“I want to improve my intonation and stress in English, so that I sound more natural.”

“I want to improve my intonation and stress in English, so that I sound more natural.”

Maybe, for you, this will be different.

或許，對您來說，這將會是不同的。

Maybe you need to learn more about consonant sounds, or long versus short vowels, or syllable

或許，您需要學有關子音的音，或 長母音和短母音，或音節

stress, or something else.

重音，或某些其他的事情。

Whatever your goal, you still need to make it measurable.

無論您的目標是什麼，您仍然 需要確保它是可以測定的。

This is more difficult with pronunciation goals, but you still need to try.

這在發音目標上是更難的， 但是，您仍然要去試一下。

You could add something like:

您可以添加某些東西，像是：

“I want to study these five units from this pronunciation book on intonation and stress,

“I want to study these five units from this pronunciation book on intonation and stress,

and practice with the audio until it feels easy.”

and practice with the audio until it feels easy.”

Then, you need to ask yourself if your goal is achievable and relevant, like you do with

然後，您要自問您的目標是否是 可實現的和有關聯的，就像

every goal.

您制定每一個目標一樣。

Finally, set a time limit:

最後，設定一個時間限制：

“Within two weeks, I want to study these five units from this pronunciation book on

“Within two weeks, I want to study these five units from this pronunciation book on

intonation and stress, and practice with the audio until it feels easy.”

intonation and stress, and practice with the audio until it feels easy.”

Your time limits should always be as short as possible.

您的時間限制應當總是要盡可能地短。

Can you see why?

您可以看出來為什麼嗎？

You know what happens if you have a deadline far in the future?

如果您在遠久的未來有一個 最後期限，您知道會發生什麼嗎？

You won’t do anything until the deadline is close.

您不會做任何事情， 直到最後期限接近了。

You need to feel that you don’t have enough time, so that you start working towards your

感覺到您沒有足夠的時間， 這樣您很快就開始朝著

goal sooner.

您的目標努力。

Let’s do one more example together, to see how SMART goals can help you to improve your

我們一起再做一個例子，來看看 SMART目標怎樣能幫助

English grammar.

您去進階您的英文文法。

Again, let’s start with something we often hear from students:

同樣，我們從我們常在學生們 那裡聽到的某些事情開始：

“I want to be more accurate in English, and make fewer mistakes when I speak or write.”

“I want to be more accurate in English, and make fewer mistakes when I speak or write.”

What should I do first?

首先我要做什麼？

We hope you know the answer by now.

我們希望您現在知道答案。

Hopefully, you’re thinking, “That goal needs to be more specific!”

希望您在考慮 “That goal needs to be more specific!”

So, you need to know: what mistakes do you make now?

所以，您需要知道：您現在 犯了什麼錯誤？

And, what exactly do you want to learn to improve your grammar?

以及，您確切地想要學什麼 來進階您的文法？

Again, maybe you need some help at this point; you might need to find a teacher to show you

同樣，或許您在這一點上需要一些 幫助；您也許要找一位老師來

where you make mistakes, and what you need to study.

告訴您您在哪裡犯錯了， 以及您需要學習什麼。

Or, you can do your own research to find exactly what to focus on.

或者，您可以做您自己的研究， 來準確地找出重點在哪裡。

However you do it, you need to set a specific goal, like this:

然而，您做那個，您需要設定 一個具體的目標，像是這個：

“I want to understand the difference between the present perfect and the past simple.”

“I want to understand the difference between the present perfect and the past simple.”

“I want to learn how to write complex sentences, using relative clauses, conjunctions, and

“I want to learn how to write complex sentences, using relative clauses, conjunctions, and

adverbials.”

adverbials.”

“I want to make fewer mistakes with grammar I’ve known for years, like forgetting to

“I want to make fewer mistakes with grammar I’ve known for years, like forgetting to

add ‘s’ to a verb in the 3rd person present simple.”

add ‘s’ to a verb in the 3rd person present simple.”

Next, you need to make your goals measurable.

接下來，您要讓您的目標是可測定的。

The best way to do this is in writing.

做這個的最好方法是寫下來。

For example, if you write something for your teacher, and your teacher shows you ten mistakes

例如，如果您寫某些東西給您的 老師，您的老師告訴您十個

with the present perfect and past simple, your goal could be:

在現在完成式和過去簡單式 上的錯誤，您的目標可以是：

“I want to write a 300-word essay with fewer than three mistakes involving the present

“I want to write a 300-word essay with fewer than three mistakes involving the present

perfect and past simple verb tenses.”

perfect and past simple verb tenses.”

What’s next?

接下來是什麼？

You should know the answer to this question, too!

您也應當知道 這個問題的答案！

Hopefully, you remember that you need to ask yourself if your goal is achievable and relevant.

希望您記得您要自問是否您的 目標是可實現的和相關聯的。

These are questions that only you can answer!

這些是只有您可以回答的問題！

Finally, set a time limit:

最後，設定一個時間限制：

“By the end of next week, I want to write a 300-word essay with fewer than three mistakes

“By the end of next week, I want to write a 300-word essay with fewer than three mistakes

involving the present perfect and past simple verb tenses.”

involving the present perfect and past simple verb tenses.”

Again, you might need to set minor goals to help you reach your major goal; for example:

同樣，您可能要設定次要目標來 幫助您達到您的主要目標；例如：

“Today, I will study this unit on the present perfect tense, and repeat the exercises until

“Today, I will study this unit on the present perfect tense, and repeat the exercises until

I can get every answer correct.”

I can get every answer correct.”

“Tomorrow, I’ll review the mistakes I made in the last three things I wrote, and

“Tomorrow, I’ll review the mistakes I made in the last three things I wrote, and

make the mistakes into Quizlet cards, so that I can remember them.”

make the mistakes into Quizlet cards, so that I can remember them.”

This might seem like a lot of effort at the beginning, but it’s worth it.

這可能看上去像是在初期要努力很多， 但是，那是值得那樣做的。

Once you get used to setting SMART goals, it’ll become more instinctive.

一旦您習慣去設定SMART目標， 那會成為更直覺的動作。

The clearer your goals, the more chance you’ll have to reach them and get what you want.

您的目標越明確，您就越有機會 實現它，並獲得您想要的。

If you get better at setting goals, you’ll feel a sense of progress.

如果您在設定目標上做得更好， 您會感覺到有進步。

This will give you motivation and confidence, which will make it easier to continue learning

這會給您提供動力和信心，讓 您更容易繼續

and improving.

學習和提昇。

Now, we have a question for you: what’s your first SMART goal?

現在，我們有一個問題留給您： 您的第一個SMART目標是什麼？

Share it in the comments, and tell us if you made it or not!

在留言板裡分享它，並告訴 我們您有實現了嗎，還是沒有！

Remember that you can find many more of our free English lessons on our website: Oxford

記住，您可以在我們的網站上找到 更多的免費課程：

Online English dot com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！

See you next time!

下次見！