Professional English: How to talk about your career

1,423,140 views ใƒป 2013-12-19

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, you will learn about 24
0
2450
6790
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ www.engvid.com ใฎ Rebecca ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ
00:09
different words to talk about your working life. You'll need these words if you want
1
9240
5170
ใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ด„ 24 ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใ‚„ไป–ใฎไบบใฎ่ทๆฅญ็”Ÿๆดปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ
00:14
to be able to talk about your career or about someone else's professional life. So let's
2
14410
5610
ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
00:20
get started. I've divided the vocabulary into two parts.
3
20020
5476
ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’2ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:25
On this side, we'll see words which the applicant or the employee, the future employee is going
4
25511
8782
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใซใฏใ€ๅฟœๅ‹Ÿ่€… ใพใŸใฏๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“ก
00:34
to need; things that a person who is applying for a job or someone who works somewhere,
5
34300
5783
ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฑ‚่ทไธญใฎไบบใ‚„ใฉใ“ใ‹ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ€
00:40
these words apply to them. And the words on this side refer to things that the employer
6
40286
6204
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ใ€้›‡็”จไธป
00:46
does, that the company does. Okay? So let's start with what a person does when
7
46490
5760
ใŒ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ€ไผš็คพใŒ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ไบบใŒๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚
00:52
he's looking... He or she is looking for a job. So the first thing is to "look for a
8
52250
5810
ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†... ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใšใฏใ€Œ
00:58
job". That could mean that you look at classified ads, you go online; you look for a job. Another
9
58060
8731
ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ€ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆกˆๅ†…ๅบƒๅ‘Šใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎ
01:06
way to say that is: "to seek employment", that's a formal way to say it. "To seek" means
10
66809
7118
่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใŒๆญฃๅผใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆŽขใ™ใ€ใฏๆŽขใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
01:13
to look for, and "employment" means work or a job.
11
73960
4960
ใงใ€ใ€Œ้›‡็”จใ€ ใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:19
Next, you would probably "apply". After you see a position that interests you or a job
12
79414
5205
ๆฌกใซใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€Œ็”ณ่ซ‹ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒใ‚ธใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„่ˆˆๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹
01:24
that interests you, you would apply for that position, you would fill out perhaps an application
13
84619
6670
ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎใƒใ‚ธใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ—ใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฟœๅ‹Ÿ
01:31
form or send in a letter. And also "submit" which means to formally give in or send in,
14
91289
10822
ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’้€ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ ใ€ๆญฃๅผ
01:42
to submit your resume, to submit your CV. CV is curriculum vitae. In some places, they
15
102158
7842
ใซๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œๆๅ‡บใ€ใ‚‚ๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ CV ใฏๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใงใ™ใ€‚
01:50
say: "CV", and in other places, they say: "resume". It's the same thing, but you need
16
110042
5268
ใ€Œๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ€Œๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒ
01:55
to apply and submit it. So these are the first three things that someone who's looking for
17
115310
6259
ใ€็”ณ่ซ‹ใ—ใฆๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€
02:01
a job or a job applicant is going to do. Let's jump on to this side now to see what
18
121569
6991
ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚„ๆฑ‚่ท่€…ใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ่กŒใ† 3 ใคใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง้›‡็”จไธปใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:08
the employer does, and then later, we'll come back to a couple of other things which the
19
128560
5004
ใใฎๅพŒ ใงใ€ใใฎไบบใŒใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๆˆปใฃใฆใ
02:13
person can do. Okay? So what does the employer usually do? After they have gone through the
20
133603
6196
ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€้›‡็”จไธปใฏ้€šๅธธไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็”ณ่ซ‹ๆ›ธ ใ‚’้€š้Žใ—ใŸๅพŒใ€
02:19
applications, they will invite some people for an "interview" and they will interview
21
139799
6330
ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎไบบใ€… ใ‚’ใ€Œ้ขๆŽฅใ€ใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใ€
02:26
that person. Next, they'll make a list which is... That
22
146129
5791
ใใฎไบบใซ้ขๆŽฅใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซ ใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™... ใใฎ
02:31
process is called: "to shortlist". "To shortlist" means let's say that they interviewed 20 people
23
151920
8963
ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใฏใ€Œใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใธใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ€™่ฃœ่€…ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใธใ€ ใจใฏใ€20 ไบบใซใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ—ใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡
02:40
and now they're going to choose about three people or five people, and from those five
24
160959
6331
ใ†ใ€‚ไปŠๅบฆใฏ 3 ไบบใพใŸใฏ 5 ไบบใ‚’้ธใณใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ 5 ไบบ
02:47
or three, they will choose one person finally because there's one position available. So
25
167290
6250
ใพใŸใฏ 3 ไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซ 1 ไบบใ‚’้ธใณ ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:53
when they take out of the 20, they make it three or five, that's called... That process
26
173555
6335
20 ไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ 3 ไบบใ‹ 5 ไบบใซ
02:59
is called shortlisting. They shortlist the candidates. So the first thing you can hope,
27
179890
6560
็ตžใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ€™่ฃœ่€…ใ‚’็ตžใ‚Š่พผใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ขๆŽฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸๅพŒใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซๅธŒๆœ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
03:06
after being interviewed, is that you will be shortlisted. And then, hopefully, you will
28
186450
5580
ๆœ€็ต‚้ธ่€ƒใซๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ
03:12
also be chosen for the position. So if that happens, the company decides to
29
192030
6115
ใ‚‚ใใฎๅœฐไฝใซ้ธใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไผš็คพใฏ
03:18
"hire" someone or to "recruit" a new employee, to recruit someone. Both words are used.
30
198200
9365
่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ€ŒๆŽก็”จใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’ใ€Œๅ‹Ÿ้›†ใ€ใ—ใฆใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽก็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธกๆ–นใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:27
After that, if necessary, but not always, they may have to "train" that person to teach
31
207794
6948
ใใฎๅพŒใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใใฎไบบใ‚’ใ€Œ่จ“็ทดใ€
03:34
them how to do the job. At some later point in their career, it may be also necessary
32
214760
6330
ใ—ใฆใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใฎๅพŒๅŠใงใ€
03:41
to "retrain" that person. "Re"-anything usually means to do something again.
33
221090
6950
ใใฎไบบใ‚’ใ€Œๅ†ๆ•™่‚ฒใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ "Re"-anything ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:48
Next, after the person has been hired and perhaps trained, the person will be "placed"
34
228337
5832
ๆฌกใซใ€ใใฎไบบใŒๆŽก็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅ ดๅˆ ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ่จ“็ทดใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸๅพŒใ€ใใฎไบบใฏ
03:54
in a particular department, in a branch, in a division, in a particular location. They
35
234192
7077
็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ƒจ็ฝฒใ€ๆ”ฏๅบ— ใ€้ƒจ้–€ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ€Œ้…ๅฑžใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
will placed there means they will be put in that position.
36
241269
5515
They will place there ใฏ ใ€ใใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซ้…็ฝฎใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:07
Next, a variety of things can occur, can happen in the course of a person's career. A person
37
247159
7267
ๆฌกใซใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ไบบใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใฎ้Ž็จ‹ใง่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบบ
04:14
could be "transferred". You see the arrow? Transfer means your position, the level of
38
254439
6041
ใฏใ€Œ่ปข้€ใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ŸขๅฐใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็•ฐๅ‹•ใจใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฏ
04:20
your position doesn't change necessarily, but you might be just moved. "To transfer"
39
260480
5220
ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ใ€Œ็งป่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
04:25
means to move to another branch, to another location, to another country, - right? - another
40
265700
6550
ใจใฏใ€ๅˆฅใฎๆ”ฏๅบ—ใ€ๅˆฅใฎ ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅ›ฝใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ - ๅˆฅใฎ
04:32
department, another division. You are transferred. Another thing that can happen if you're doing
41
272250
6450
้ƒจ้–€ใ€ๅˆฅใฎ้ƒจ้–€ใ€‚ ่ปข้€ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้žๅธธใซใ†ใพใใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎใ“ใจ
04:38
very well is you might be "promoted". Here we see the arrow pointing up. So, "to promote"
42
278700
6710
ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œๆ˜‡้€ฒใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใ“ใ“ใง ใฏใ€ไธŠๅ‘ใใฎ็ŸขๅฐใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๆ˜‡้€ฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
04:45
means to get a higher level position. Usually, but not always, that includes a higher salary
43
285433
7943
ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ๅœฐไฝใซๅฐฑใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„็ตฆไธŽใ‚‚ๅซใพ
04:53
as well. Then you may be... That's referred to as a "raise", but it doesn't always happen.
44
293392
5904
ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏโ€ฆ ใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅธธใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชใŠ้‡‘ใŒใชใใฆ
04:59
Sometimes you get a higher position without the extra money.
45
299312
3418
ใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ๅœฐไฝใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:03
What can also happen, but very rarely, - but it does happen sometimes -, is instead of
46
303362
5728
้žๅธธใซใพใ‚Œใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๆ™‚ใ€…่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
05:09
getting promoted, a person might be demo-... "Demoted". So "demoted" means to get a lower
47
309090
6840
ใ€ๆ˜‡้€ฒใ™ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ไบบใŒใƒ‡ใƒขโ€ฆใ€Œ้™ๆ ผใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ้™ๆ ผใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅœฐไฝใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
05:15
position. This doesn't usually happen. Sometimes it can happen, for example: in the army, a
48
315930
5289
ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ป้šŠใงใฏใ€
05:21
person might be demoted for something bad that they did.
49
321227
5323
ไบบใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใซ้™ๆ ผใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:26
Next: we come to different ways in which a person can be asked to leave work. There are
50
326566
7902
ๆฌกใซใ€ ไบบใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่พžใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:34
three different ways so let me explain because the difference is actually very important.
51
334530
5871
3ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใฎใง ใ€ใใฎ้•ใ„ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
05:40
A person might be "laid off". Another way to say that is: "to make someone redundant".
52
340440
8143
ไบบใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎ ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ†—้•ทใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
A person might be laid off or made redundant. I'll explain what that means. A person might
53
348653
6767
ไบบใฏ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบบใฏ
05:55
be "retrenched", or: "dismissed", or: "terminated". Now, let me explain the difference. When companies
54
355450
9013
ใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไผๆฅญ
06:04
lay off employees, they don't usually lay off one employee. They lay off a number of
55
364520
8020
ใŒๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€้€šๅธธใ€ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’ 1 ไบบใ‚‚่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•
06:12
employees, sometimes it could be a hundred employees, it could be a thousand employees.
56
372548
4899
ไบบใ‚‚ใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ 100 ไบบใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€1000 ไบบใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:17
And why does that happen? It has nothing to do with employee performance; it has to do
57
377470
5780
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใฎใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใจใฏไฝ•ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
06:23
with other... other reasons. The economy may be bad or the sales may be down, and so on.
58
383250
9783
ใฏไป–ใฎ...ไป–ใฎ็†็”ฑใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™ฏๆฐ—ใŒ ๆ‚ชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŒ่ฝใกใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:33
And so the company is forced to lay off hundreds of workers. Right? So when the company lays
59
393056
8088
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไผš็คพใฏไฝ•็™พไบบใ‚‚ใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ›ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไผš็คพ
06:41
off a number of workers, then they are telling them to go, but again, it's only temporarily.
60
401180
9979
ใŒๅคšใใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:51
Usually it's temporarily. Sometimes if the... If the economy continues to be really bad,
61
411299
5131
้€šๅธธใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ ... ็ตŒๆธˆใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ‚ชใ„็Šถๆ…‹ใŒ็ถšใใจใ€
06:56
it can become permanent, but layoffs are often temporary. Sometimes when things improve then
62
416430
6980
ใใ‚Œใฏๆ’ไน…็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ชใƒ•ใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€็ŠถๆณใŒๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใ
07:03
they may be rehired. So if someone is laid off, it's much easier for that person to get
63
423410
5600
ใซๅ†้›‡็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒๅˆฅใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใใฎใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Š
07:09
another job because if they're fired, for example, then that's going to be more difficult
64
429010
6850
07:15
for them to get another job. All right. Now, next one is: "retrench". When
65
435860
6600
ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๆฌกใฏใ€Œใƒชใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:22
a company retrenches employees, it's similar to the layoff, but it's for different reasons.
66
442460
6860
ไผš็คพใŒๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใ‚’ ่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ชใƒ•ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็†็”ฑใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
Retrenchment happens when a company is trying to restructure itself, reorganize its finances.
67
449382
8401
ไบบๅ“กๅ‰Šๆธ›ใฏใ€ไผๆฅญใŒ ่‡ชใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ†ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ—ใ€่ฒกๅ‹™ใ‚’ๅ†็ทจๆˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:37
And so, it may decide to reduce expenses in a number of different ways. Sometimes it does
68
457814
6846
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง็ตŒ่ฒปใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
it by shortening working hours, by lowering salaries, and finally, if they have no choice
69
464660
6890
ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€็ตฆไธŽใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใ€
07:51
and no other way to save enough money, they may actually ask employees to go. So those
70
471550
6510
ๅๅˆ†ใชใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’็ฏ€็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใชใใ€ไป–ใซๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใชใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
07:58
employees would then be retrenched. Again, it doesn't usually just happen to one person
71
478060
5330
ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใฏ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€1 ไบบใ ใ‘ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
08:03
at all; it happens to many people, maybe hundreds. So layoffs and retrenchments are similar,
72
483390
6712
ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ•ฐ็™พไบบใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ชใƒ•ใจไบบๅ“กๅ‰Šๆธ›ใฏไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
08:10
except that retrenchment is often looked at, technically, as more permanent, and layoffs,
73
490118
6472
ใ€ ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏใ€ไบบๅ“กๅ‰Šๆธ›ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ’ไน…็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ
08:16
as I mentioned, might be temporary. The next situation is number 11 here, is a
74
496590
7229
่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ชใƒ•ใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ 11 ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
08:23
person could be "dismissed" or "terminated." And what does that mean? Okay? That means
75
503871
7549
ไบบใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
08:31
something quite different from being laid off, because when you're laid off, as I said,
76
511460
3970
่งฃ้›‡ใจใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
08:35
it's not your fault. But if you're dismissed or terminated, it may be because the company
77
515430
5410
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ›ใ„ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚Œ ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไผš็คพ
08:40
is specifically unhappy with that person's performance, or that person is perpetually
78
520840
6030
ใŒ็‰นใซใใฎไบบใฎๆฅญ็ธพใซไธๆบ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒๅปถใ€…ใจ
08:46
late, or that person's work is not up to standard, and so on. Right? So the company dismisses
79
526870
7000
้…ๅˆปใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใใฎไบบใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๆจ™ๆบ–ใซ้”ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใชใฉใฎ็†็”ฑใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไผš็คพใฏ
08:53
that particular person. The official word for that is to be "dismissed" or to be "terminated".
80
533990
8239
ใใฎไบบใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๆญฃๅผใช ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:02
The slang for that is to be "fired" or "sacked". In North America, the slang is: "to be fired".
81
542331
8905
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใฎไฟ—่ชžใฏใ€ใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใฏใ€Œ่งฃ้›‡ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:11
In England, the slang tends to be: "to be sacked". All right?
82
551322
5163
ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏใ€ไฟ—่ชžใฏ ใ€Œ็•ฅๅฅชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:16
So that's what can happen from the employer's point of view. Let's go back for a minute
83
556524
5066
้›‡็”จไธปใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆˆปใฃใฆใ€ๅพ“ๆฅญ
09:21
and talk about a few other things that the employee can do.
84
561590
4680
ๅ“กใŒใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚
09:26
Sometimes, you may get a better job and so you decide to leave the company where you
85
566655
5025
ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใซๅ‹คๅ‹™ๅ…ˆใฎไผš็คพใ‚’่พžใ‚ใฆๅˆฅใฎไผš็คพใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใ€ใ€Œ้€€่ท
09:31
work and go to another company, so you "resign". This is something you do by yourself. You
86
571680
7443
ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่กŒใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ
09:39
decide to resign. The slang for that is to: "quit". "I quit", famous words. So, if you
87
579140
8492
ใฏ่พžไปปใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใฎไฟ—่ชžใฏใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ๆœ‰ๅใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้€€่ท
09:47
decide to resign, you will probably submit a letter of resignation. All right? That goes
88
587650
6950
ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€้€€่ทๅฑŠใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œ
09:54
with resigning. And the last thing that an employee usually
89
594600
4499
ใฏ่พžไปปใจไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใŒ้€šๅธธ
09:59
does, - it depends on what age in different countries -, is to "retire". So what does
90
599131
6759
่กŒใ†ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ›ฝใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅนด้ฝขใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ€Œ้€€่ทใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏ
10:05
it mean to retire? "To retire" means to stop working because you've reached an age when,
91
605890
5971
ใ€ๅผ•้€€ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้€€่ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏ ใ€
10:11
legally, you are forced to stop working. And these... The age varies in different countries,
92
611877
6163
ๆณ•็š„ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅนด้ฝขใซ้”ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ... ๅนด้ฝขใฏๅ›ฝใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™
10:18
but it can be anywhere from 60 to 65 in most places. All right? Of course, if you work
93
618055
4605
ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใฏ 60 ๆญณใ‹ใ‚‰ 65 ๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
10:22
for yourself, you may never retire. And in other countries, the retirement age might
94
622660
5770
่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅผ•้€€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ไป–ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€้€€่ทๅนด้ฝข
10:28
be quite different. All right? So, this is some essential vocabulary that
95
628430
4830
ใŒใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
10:33
you need to be able to talk about your business life, your working life, your career. All
96
633260
6024
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใ€่ทๆฅญ็”Ÿๆดปใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ชžๅฝ™ใงใ™ .
10:39
right? If you would like to do a quiz on this subject, please go to our website: www.engvid.com.
97
639323
7484
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ (www.engvid.com) ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:46
Thank you very much for watching, and good luck with your career. Bye for now.
98
646850
4034
ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๅพŒใจใ‚‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7