Why do we use contractions in English?

58,936 views ใƒป 2016-12-24

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today we're looking at contractions
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝ์„
00:02
when is good to use them, and when is bad to
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์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์€์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
to use them
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00:05
Are you ready!? Because I'm!
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์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”!? ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚œ!
00:07
...I am...
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...๋‚˜๋Š”...
00:08
Because I'm... Because I'm...
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š”...
00:12
Why is it that the Terminator chose to say:
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š”... ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€
00:16
Instead of "I will be back"
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค" ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
00:18
Why did Bill Clinton NOT contract this sentence:
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์™œ ๋นŒ ํด๋ฆฐํ„ด์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€:
00:25
and why did king Joffrey
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ King Joffrey๋Š”
00:27
not use the contraction "I'm" and instead say:
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์ถ•์•ฝํ˜• "I'm"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‹  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:34
So obviously it's better to use contractions in everyday speech
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00:38
For example "I'm tired", "I'm eating"
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00:40
"I'll do this"
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00:42
That sounds normal
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00:44
It would sound like a robot to say things like:
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00:47
"I AM eating"
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"I AM eat"
00:48
"I WILL be back"
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"I WILL be back"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Fun fact: The Terminator himself, Arnold schwarzenegger
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค: ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ ์ž์‹ ์ธ Arnold schwarzenegger๋Š”
00:52
told this story
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
00:54
pronouncing the "I'LL" was quite
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"I'LL"์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ
00:56
difficult for him with his thick
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์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘๊บผ์šด
00:57
Austrian accent
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์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์–ต์–‘
01:07
I will be back
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I will be back
01:09
however the director insisted that he
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ๋…์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
01:10
say "I'll be back" and not "I will be back"
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"I'll be back"์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "I'll be back"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:14
Why? Because it sounds more human to say
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์™œ? "I'll"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
"I'll" - The contraction
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์ถ•์•ฝ
01:19
But of course that's not always true
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
sometimes it's better NOT to contract, for example:
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ์ถ•์•ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
01:24
Well let's say someone asks you:
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01:28
and you reply:
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๋“ค๋ฉด
01:31
this is a very common mistake I see with
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
my students and remember not to do it
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์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
01:35
"Yes I've" - That doesn't sound good
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"์˜ˆ, ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค" - ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š” "์˜ˆ, ๋๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"
01:38
You must have something after
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๋’ค์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -
01:40
"Yes I finished" - Fine
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค "
01:42
"Yes I've" - Not fine
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์˜ˆ, ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค" - ์ข‹์ง€
01:44
If you don't have that extra information after
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์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋Š”
01:47
don't contract it
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๊ณ„์•ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
"Yes I have" - That's okay
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"์˜ˆ, ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." - ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ 
01:51
and the same is true for other
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์–ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Subject - Auxillary / Modal verb combos
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01:56
Don't contract them if there is no extra information afterwards
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01:59
Another example:
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02:04
Again we have just the subject
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02:06
this time with a modal verb you should say:
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
02:09
"Yes I would"
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"Yes I would"๊ฐ€
02:10
Not "Yes I'd"
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "Yes I'd"
02:12
Why?
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02:12
Because there's no extra information
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์™œ?
์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:15
If you contract it
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์•ฝ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:16
remember to put that extra information
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
02:18
yes I'd love to
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์˜ˆ I'd love to
02:20
and negatives - Fine to contract
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๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ - ์•ฝ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:23
In fact it's better, you should contract the negatives
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋” ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์•ฝ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
pretty much all the time
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02:28
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
02:32
That sounds a little strong
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
and in some cases maybe aggressive
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
no I haven't that looks better, more friendly,
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ , ๋” ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:37
more human, not so much robot!
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๋” ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
02:40
So with negatives
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ฝ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
02:41
just remember to contract it
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:43
Not using a contraction makes the sentence stronger
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์•ฝ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
it adds emphasis and again could sound
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ
02:49
more aggressive so be careful
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๋” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:51
And this is why King Joffrey said:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด King Joffrey๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
He wanted to sound serious
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02:59
and add emphasis
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03:02
I do not miss Joffrey
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03:04
See? Stronger!
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? ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ!
03:06
And it also sounds more formal when it's not contracted
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๋˜ํ•œ ์•ฝ์ž๋กœ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
That's why your English teacher will always say:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
"In formal writing don't use contractions"
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"๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:14
Because it sounds more formal when you don't contract
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03:18
Also, some language experts suggest
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03:20
That people don't use contractions when they speak
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" ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
03:23
When they want people to believe them
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:25
To sound more convincing
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๋” ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก
03:28
So basically when they're lying
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:34
Oh he really wanted everyone to believe him!
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์˜ค ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:37
So the next time your boyfriend or girlfriend says:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚จ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
03:39
"I did NOT cheat on you"
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์†์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:41
That means they definitely cheated on you. Sorry.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์†์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
you sorry I'm joking please ignore that
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋†๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
thanks for watching if you want to see
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03:47
more click here to subscribe
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03:49
oh there's another video right here but
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03:51
you don't have to watch that
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03:53
just if you want
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03:56
watch it
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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