English Grammar - Causatives: Have, Get, Make, Let, Help

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
- Hey you, today's lesson is about these verbs,
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- ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™
00:03
get, make, have,
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ใ€‚getใ€makeใ€haveใ€
00:04
let, help,
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letใ€help
00:07
some other ones, the list is quite long,
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ใ€ใใฎไป–ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใใ€
00:09
and I can't remember all of them.
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ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:11
(upbeat music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ
00:18
When someone does something,
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๏ผ‰่ชฐใ‹ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใ€
00:20
like order pizza!
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ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใฉ๏ผ
00:24
Why did he order pizza?
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ใชใœๅฝผใฏใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:27
Because of you,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€
00:30
you are the cause of this.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:33
And when you cause something,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใจใใฏใ€
00:36
maybe because you asked, maybe by persuasion,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฐ‹ใญใŸใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ชฌๅพ—ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€
00:40
or maybe you forced the person,
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ใพใŸใฏ
00:42
like with that power in Star Wars,
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใฎใใฎๅŠ›ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
00:44
with a lightning that comes out the fingers.
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ใ€ๆŒ‡ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹็จฒๅฆปใงไบบใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™.
00:46
No, no, I can't do Star Wars,
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
00:48
Nope, Disney, if you're watching,
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ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚บใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
00:51
please don't sue me for copyright.
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ใ€่‘—ไฝœๆจฉใง็งใ‚’่จดใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
00:53
But anyway, when you cause something,
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใจใใ€
00:57
we use a causative verb to describe it, genius.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅคฉๆ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ .
01:02
Okay first, you cause something by strength,
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ใพใšใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŠ›ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—
01:07
you don't give that person an option,
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ใ€ใใฎไบบใซ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚’ไธŽใˆ
01:09
they don't have a choice, they have to do it.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:13
A strong verb to use, is force.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅผทๅŠ›ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ force ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:16
Like in Star Wars, when they do that,
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
01:18
(groans)
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(ใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐ)
01:19
"You will do this thing, you don't have a choice."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.ใ€
01:23
It's like that.
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:25
(slow music)
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(ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจใ—ใŸ้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
01:29
You should give me your hair.
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้ซชใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:32
- What?
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- ไฝ•๏ผŸ
01:33
- I think you should shave off your hair,
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- ้ซชใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใฃ
01:35
and give it to me.
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ใฆใ€็งใซๆธกใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:37
- No. (laughs)
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- ใ„ใ„ใˆ (็ฌ‘)
01:40
(suspense music)
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(ใ‚ตใ‚นใƒšใƒณใ‚น้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
01:42
(groaning)
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(ใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐ)
01:44
- Give me it!
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- ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„๏ผ
01:46
- Aly no, no, no, no!
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- ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆ๏ผ
01:49
- Give me it. - No Aly, no, no.
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- ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„ใ€‚ - ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
01:53
(shaving machine buzzling)
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๏ผˆใ‚ทใ‚งใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใฎใƒ–ใƒณใƒ–ใƒณ๏ผ‰
01:54
- In that situation, I forced him to shave his hair.
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- ใใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ€็ง ใฏๅฝผใซ้ซชใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅผท่ฆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:58
I can also use the verbs,
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
02:00
have, get, and make.
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haveใ€getใ€make ใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:03
I forced him to shave his hair,
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็งใฏๅฝผใซ้ซชใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅผทๅˆถใ—ใŸใ€
02:05
I got him to shave his hair,
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็งใฏๅฝผใซ้ซชใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซๅฝผใฎ้ซชใ‚’
02:07
I made him shave his hair,
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ๅ‰ƒใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ€
02:09
I had him shave his hair.
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็งใฏๅฝผใซๅฝผใฎ้ซชใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ€‚
02:11
They all in this context, mean the same thing,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
02:15
but just remember, some causative verbs have to
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ใŒใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธญใซใฏใ€
02:19
and some don't.
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ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใจใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
And, and remember that, the causative verb
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉž
02:24
will change with the time, with the tense,
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ใฏๆ™‚ๅˆถใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚-
02:27
if you need an -ing, the causative verb changes.
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ing ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
This one doesn't.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:32
But anyway, back to pizza.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใƒ”ใ‚ถใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
I'm pretty hungry, are you hungry?
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็งใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
02:39
- Yeah, I could eat.
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- ใˆใˆใ€็งใฏ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:40
- I could eat pizza, I think one of us should order pizza.
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- ็งใฏใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
02:43
- Okay.
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- ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:47
Do you want me to--
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02:48
- Yeah, you should order it, yeah, thanks.
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- ใˆใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
02:49
Thanks man, yeah.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:50
You should put everything on it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ฝฎใในใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:52
- Everything?
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- ใ™ในใฆใฎ๏ผŸ
02:55
- Okay.
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- ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
03:00
Hello?
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ๏ผŸ
03:01
(suspense music)
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(ใ‚ตใ‚นใƒšใƒณใ‚น้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
03:02
What happened?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
03:03
I can say this.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:04
I made him order pizza.
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็งใฏๅฝผใซใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ•ใ›ใŸใ€‚
03:08
Or I got him to order pizza.
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ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏๅฝผใซใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:09
- Everything yeah, and maybe some garlic bread as well.
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- ใˆใˆใ€ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ–ใƒฌใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚‚ใ€‚
03:13
- I can also say, I had him order pizza.
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- ็งใฏๅฝผใซใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆณจๆ–‡ใ•ใ›ใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:16
But this situation, that didn't feel like a force,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ ใ€ๅŠ›ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
03:20
that didn't feel pressured,
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ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใšใ€ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใšใ€
03:22
there was no obligation there,
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ใใ“ใซ็พฉๅ‹™ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€
03:24
but definitely, definitely, I was in control
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้–“้•ใ„ใชใใ€้–“้•ใ„ใชใใ€ ็ง
03:28
of the decision, right?
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ใฏๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใญ?
03:30
So that is basically the meaning,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
03:33
of these three causative verbs.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 3 ใคใฎไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
I am in control of the decision,
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็งใฏๆฑบๅฎšใ€
03:39
or of what happens.
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ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:41
But in that last situation, where I said,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€
03:44
I got Tom to shave his head,
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็งใฏใƒˆใƒ ใซ้ ญใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€
03:46
yes, I was in control of that situation,
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏใใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ
03:49
so those three verbs are good.
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ3ใคใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™.
03:52
But, there was also no choice.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไป•ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:54
I pressured him, I forced him.
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็งใฏๅฝผใซๅœงๅŠ›ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:58
That's why we use the verb force,
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ใใฎ
04:01
for that extra strength.
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชๅผทใ•ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅŠ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
Another example, if you change someone's mind like,
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œ
04:08
Hey, do you wanna go to the pub?
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ใญใˆใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ–ใซ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฐใ‹ใฎๆฐ—ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
04:10
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆ
04:11
I'll buy the drinks.
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ใ€้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใฏ็งใŒ่ฒทใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:15
In this case, I want to say I changed his mind,
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็ง ใฏๅฝผใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€
04:19
I persuaded him, influenced him,
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็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ€
04:22
convinced him to do something.
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ๅฝผใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:24
So I can use that causative verb persuade.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใฎไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ่ชฌๅพ—ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
I persuaded him to go.
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็งใฏๅฝผใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:30
And again, we can use other causative verbs,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ไป–ใฎไฝฟๅฝนๅ‹•่ฉžใ€
04:34
things to notice.
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ๆณจๆ„ใ™ในใใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:35
Number one, remember that some verbs,
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04:38
have to verb, some verbs don't.
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ใพใšใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใซใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:42
Second thing, this verb takes the time,
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๆ™‚้–“
04:45
it takes the change intense.
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ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใ€ๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
Third thing, when you say I got someone to do something,
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็ฌฌไธ‰ใซใ€็ง ใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใŸใจใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใจใ
04:53
the feeling is that you persuaded them.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใŸใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™.
04:56
So there's more of that feeling,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
04:58
it's more that you pushed them to do something,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
05:02
you persuaded them in some way.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฟƒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
And maybe you notice, the verb have, is missing here.
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ใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉž have ใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:08
The verb have, needs its own video,
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ๅ‹•่ฉž have ใซใฏ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๅฟ…่ฆใช
05:11
so I will cover all of the things
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ใฎใงใ€have ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจ
05:13
about have, in another video.
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ใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:16
But for now, here's another example with these verbs.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆฌกใซ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:21
You should wear this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
05:23
- No, you're all right.
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- ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
- No, I think you'll look really handsome in it.
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-ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒใƒณใ‚ตใƒ ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:25
- No, no, I'm okay.
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-ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
- You will wear it.
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-ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:30
- Okay, I'll wear it.
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- ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็€ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:31
(slow music)
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(ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจใ—ใŸ้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
05:42
- I got him to wear it,
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- ็งใฏๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใฆ
05:44
I persuaded him to wear it.
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ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
05:47
Now, when you want to assist someone,
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ„ใจใใ€
05:50
to help them do something.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
05:52
For example, maybe I offer support to my friend
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃ ใชๆ™‚ๆœŸใซๅ‹ไบบใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆ
05:56
in a difficult time.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:00
- Oh man, I can't do YouTube anymore,
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- ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†YouTubeใฏใงใใพใ›
06:03
it's so stressful. (sighs)
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ใ‚“ใ€‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ (ใŸใ‚ๆฏ)
06:05
I've had enough.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅๅˆ†ใ ใ€‚
06:07
- Don't say that, don't even think it!
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- ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ€่€ƒใˆใชใ„ใง๏ผ
06:09
You're amazing, you can do this, bro!
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ๅ…„ๅผŸ!
06:11
I believe in you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:13
Never give up!
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ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใ„ใง๏ผ
06:15
Used the verb in courage.
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ๅ‹‡ๆฐ—ใงๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ.
06:17
- Thanks man,
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- ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€
06:20
thanks for encouraging me to continue.
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็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠฑใพใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
06:22
(upbeat music)
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(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
06:25
Notice again, the verb takes all the tense.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใฏใ™ในใฆใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:29
Thanks for...
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Thanks for...
06:31
Now we need an -ing verb.
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ไปŠๅบฆใฏ -ing ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:32
So, thanks for encouraging me,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใ‚’ๅŠฑใพใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€
06:36
and we need the to,
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ใใ—ใฆ็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใซใฏ
06:38
to continue.
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to ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:40
And then maybe, my friend is having a problem.
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ใใ—ใฆๅคšๅˆ†ใ€็งใฎๅ‹ไบบ ใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
- Oh man, I can't do these thumbnails,
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- ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ตใƒ ใƒใ‚คใƒซใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
06:49
they're so hard!
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ใ€‚ใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:50
- I know.
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- ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
06:52
Dude, don't worry though,
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใง
06:53
I'm gonna help you do your thumbnails.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ตใƒ ใƒใ‚คใƒซใฎไฝœๆˆใ‚’ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:55
- Yeah?
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- ใ†ใ‚“๏ผŸ
06:56
- Or I could have said, I'll help you to do your thumbnails.
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- ใพใŸใฏ ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ใƒใ‚คใƒซใฎไฝœๆˆใ‚’ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:59
The to it's not necessary, it's an option.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…้ ˆใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:04
- Dude, who are you speaking to?
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-ใŠใ„ใ€่ชฐใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
07:05
- No one, shh!
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-่ชฐใ‚‚ใ€ใ—ใƒผใฃ๏ผ
07:07
And finally, to ask.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€่ณชๅ•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:10
Whether you're requesting something,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆๆฑ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹
07:12
or maybe asking permission to do something,
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ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹่จฑๅฏ ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚
07:16
for example, he is asking permission.
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ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผใฏ่จฑๅฏใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
- Sorry, Aly, can I use your bathroom please?
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- ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒใ‚นใƒซใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:25
Sorry, Aly, can I use your bathroom please, mate?
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒใ‚นใƒซใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:29
Aly!
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ใ‚ขใƒช๏ผ
07:30
- What?
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- ไฝ•๏ผŸ
07:31
Oh sorry, did you just ask to use the bathroom?
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€ใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
07:34
- Yeah. - Again?
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- ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ - ใพใŸ๏ผŸ
07:35
Yeah, please mate.
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ใˆใˆใ€ไป˜ใๅˆใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:36
So with the verb ask,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž askใ€
07:37
to, verb,
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toใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
07:39
and if you give permission to someone,
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ใจใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซ่จฑๅฏใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹
07:42
you let them do something.
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ใจใ€ใใฎไบบใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:47
With the verb let, there is no to.
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ๅ‹•่ฉž let ใซใฏ to ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:50
Yeah, I'll let you use the bathroom, that's fine.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใฏ่ฒธใ—ใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
07:52
- Thanks.
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- ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
07:53
- You got the shits?
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- ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ‚ใ”ใจใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:54
- What?
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- ไฝ•๏ผŸ
07:55
No, no.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
07:58
- I let him use the bathroom,
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- ๅฝผใฏไธ‹็—ขใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใ›ใพใ—ใŸ
08:01
because he has diarrhea.
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ใ€‚
08:02
So let's practice all of this, in the comments
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆ ใ‚’ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
08:05
or in your notebook, where you take notes,
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ใ‚„ใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใƒกใƒขใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹
08:08
wherever, it doesn't matter.
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฏใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
08:10
Just practice, practice, practice it
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่ณชๅ•ใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ—
08:12
with these questions.
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:14
Number one, did your parents
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็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ
08:16
use to let you eat sugary foods and drinks?
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็”˜ใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚„้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
08:20
For me, no.
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
08:22
When I was young, my favorite drink was this,
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็งใŒ่‹ฅใ„้ ƒใ€็งใฎ ใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง
08:27
it was called a Slush Puppie,
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒปใƒ‘ใƒ”ใƒผใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
08:28
it's basically just ice and red.
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ใ€‚ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏๆฐทใจ่ตคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:33
I don't know, red sugar, whatever,
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่ตค็ ‚็ณ–ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
08:35
it's probably not healthy,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฅๅบท็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
08:37
but my mom, never let me drink it.
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ใŒใ€ๆฏใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็งใซ้ฃฒใพใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.
08:41
Number two, if you are feeling sleepy, lazy,
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ ็œ ใใฆๆ€ ๆƒฐใง
08:45
you don't wanna do anything, but your friends call you
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ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ ใฎใซใ€ๅ‹้”ใ‹ใ‚‰้›ป่ฉฑใŒ
08:48
and they're like, "Hey, come out to the pub."
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ใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใใฆใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ–ใซๆฅใฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
08:51
How could they get you to join them?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
08:55
For me, my friends,
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใŸใกใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใชใ‚‰
08:56
they can get me to come out, if we're going somewhere fun.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ .
09:01
If there's good food, good people, good drinks,
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ใ„ใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ€ ใ„ใ„ไบบใ€ใ„ใ„้…’ใŒ
09:04
then I'll come out.
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ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐๅ‡บใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:06
But if you ask me to go to Leicester Square, or Piccadilly,
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚ขใ‚„ใƒ”ใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒชใƒผ
09:10
to go out,
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ใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
09:12
you'll never gonna get me to go there, never.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ้ ผใพใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆ่กŒใ‹ใ›ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:15
Number three, when was the last time
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใซใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ
09:18
you encouraged someone, to do something?
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่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹งใ‚ใŸใฎใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹?
09:21
Or when was the last time someone encouraged you
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹งใ‚
09:26
to do something?
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ใŸใฎใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹?
09:27
Number four, what does your boss
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4 ็•ช็›ฎใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธŠๅธ
09:30
usually have you do every day?
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ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆฏŽๆ—ฅไฝ•ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:32
For example, does your boss have you make coffee?
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ไธŠๅธใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:36
Does your boss have you
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธŠๅธใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ
09:38
do the boring stuff in the office?
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ใซใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใง้€€ๅฑˆใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:41
And finally number five,
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 5 ็•ช็›ฎ
09:43
are you the older or younger, brother or sister?
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅนดไธŠ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅนดไธ‹ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅง‰ๅฆนใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
09:47
Does your brother or sister, make you
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใพใŸใฏๅง‰ๅฆนใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ
09:50
get things for them?
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ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:52
For example, for me, I'm the younger brother,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆ ใฏๅผŸใช
09:55
so, when we were kids,
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ใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒ
09:57
my oldest sister always,
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ใ€ไธ€็•ชไธŠใฎๅง‰ใฏ
10:00
made me get her stuff, like
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚็ง
10:04
glasses of juice, food, everything.
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ใซใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใŸใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:07
Thanks for watching,
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:08
the worksheet for this lesson, is included in my eBook,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆ ใฏ็งใฎ eBook ใซๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:12
this is full of worksheets, for my favorite videos.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:15
This will help you learn the vocabulary better,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š ใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใๅญฆใณใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆ–นๆณ•
10:17
help you practice it in more interesting ways.
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ใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:21
This is for my patrience,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๆ„›ๅ›ฝๅฟƒ
10:22
and my YouTube channel members.
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ใจ็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใฎใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:24
And it updates every month.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ‚‚ๆฏŽๆœˆๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ€‚
10:26
The link to get, it is in the description.
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ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:28
(upbeat music)
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(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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