Mixed Conditionals in English - Grammar with JenniferESL

18,696 views ใƒป 2017-12-07

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi everyone! It's Jennifer here with another lesson on conditional sentences in English.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„! ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
In the previous lesson, I asked you to report two statements with conditionals.
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์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
So you had to change them from direct speech to indirect speech
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง์ ‘ํ™”๋ฒ•์—์„œ ์ธ์šฉ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋นผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํ™”๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:18
taking out the quotation marks.
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00:23
Here are the original words. A.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์›๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. A.
00:26
The teacher said if you finish your tasks in class you won't have any homework.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๋ฉด ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
00:34
B. The teacher said if you had finished your work on time, I would have given you full credit.
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B. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ์ ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
To complete this task correctly, you need to understand the difference between real and unreal conditionals
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
That first sentence is a real or likely conditional about the present or near future: if you've finished the tasks.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
A real conditional can follow the usual patterns in reported speech.
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์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Present verb forms shift back to the simple past.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
But let me say there will be variation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€๋™์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Shifting back the verb forms doesn't have to happen, for example, if the action or event is still in the future.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋™์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
The second sentence I gave you uses an unreal conditional about the past: if you had finished your work.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๋ฉด.
01:39
We don't change the verb forms of unreal conditionals in reported speech. They stay the same.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Many of you posted your ideas. Let's take a look at three sets of correct answers to see different possibilities
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ ์„ธํŠธ์˜ ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
Marat wrote the teacher said we wouldn't have any homework if we finished the tasks in class.
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Marat๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๋ฉด ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
He chose to shift back. "Will" became "would" or the negative "wouldn't" and
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Will"์€ "would"๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ • "wouldn't" ๋ฐ "
02:10
"finish" became "finished" - simple past, and this is logical to change the verbs
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finish"๊ฐ€ "finished"๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ฉฐ
02:16
especially if we need to say what was said. This situation has already passed.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Second, the teacher said - and I didn't mention if it was a male or female teacher - so Marat,
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์ž ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ์ž ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Marat,
02:29
it's good to mention possibilities. Yes.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ.
02:32
Let's use HE or SHE, though. The teacher said he or she
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ HE ๋˜๋Š” SHE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ
02:37
would have given us full credit if we had finished (our) work on time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์— (์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜) ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ์ ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
Okay, so good with the reference words because in the first one you, the speaker, may be part of the class. We.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ํ™”์ž์ธ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐธ์กฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ.
02:49
And then in the second one the teacher could be a he or she.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์—์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
I also like that you played around with the word order. You can put that if-clause in that second position as you did
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Andrey๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ if ์ ˆ์„ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:01
Andrey wrote: The teacher said that if you finished the tasks in class,
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. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๋ฉด
03:07
you wouldn't have any homework. Same shifting back. It's logical.
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์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Andrey also chose to keep "that." You can always have it in or take it out.
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Andrey๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ "์ €๊ฒƒ"์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊บผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
It's fine, and Andrey also chose to keep the if-clause in that first position, in which case we need commas.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Andrey๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ„์น˜์— if-์ ˆ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‰ผํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Good. The second one sounds like this: The teacher said that if you had finished your work on time,
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์ข‹์€. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:33
you would have been given full credit. And in this case, Andrey chose to keep "you" and "your,"
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๋งŒ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Andrey๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์นญํ•˜๋Š” "๊ท€ํ•˜"์™€ "๊ท€ํ•˜์˜"๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:39
referring to another person or another group of people.
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.
03:44
So Ra'ed has similar choices and he wrote: The teacher said that if you finished the tasks in class, you wouldn't have any homework.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Ra'ed๋Š” ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๋ฉด ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
The teacher said that if you had finished your work on time, you would have been given full credit.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งŒ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
And I wonder if you caught one more difference in these examples:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
passive or active
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์ˆ˜๋™ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋™
04:08
"She would have given us"... this is an active verb.
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"She would have give us"... ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
"You would have been given"
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"
04:19
Passive.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ.
04:22
All three sets of answers are correct.
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์„ธ ์„ธํŠธ์˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Thank you to everyone who completed that first task. These are the names of additional students who posted their answers.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Thank you and be sure to compare your answers to the ones I just shared, okay?
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€๊ณผ ๊ผญ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
04:42
Overall you did well.
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์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
So remember that in reported speech
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ
04:49
verb forms will only change in real conditionals, not unreal conditionals.
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๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋น„์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:55
And even in real conditionals, there's sometimes an argument for not shifting back.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋„ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
If the information remains true at the time of speaking, you don't have to change the verb forms.
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๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์ด๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Now it's time to look at the bonus task from the previous lesson. It was another challenge with verb forms.
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์ด์ œ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์ „์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
I asked you to identify the time period in my statement.
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๋‚ด ์ง„์ˆ ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
If we had moved back to Moscow several years ago, our children would speak better Russian.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
First of all, is it real or unreal?
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๋จผ์ € ํ˜„์‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€?
05:37
One student had the answer. He wrote: It's an imaginary time period as it didn't happen.
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ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Good. Yes. It's imaginary, but what exactly is the time period?
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์ข‹์€. ์˜ˆ. ์ƒ์ƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:52
Claire stayed focused and realized that there was more than one time period here. Look at what she wrote.
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ํด๋ ˆ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์“ด ๊ฒƒ์„๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:16
As usual there were a lot of excellent explanations in the comments. Let me share just a few more.
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Mahmoud wrote:
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Mahmoud๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Correct!
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
06:32
Let me change this to progressive. We're imagining...
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์‹œ๋ธŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
06:45
Correct, and we'll just put that in parentheses.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ๋„ฃ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
Sean wrote:
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Sean์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Correct!
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
07:01
Correct!
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์˜ณ์€!
07:04
Gabriel shared his ideas and wrote: This is a second conditional sentence.
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Gabriel์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
Well, possibly, but let's not get into that old terminology: first, second, third... because it gets confusing.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค: ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ... ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Let's just say it's a conditional sentence...
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์น˜์ž...
07:20
What kind? It's a conditional sentence which indicates a hypothesis. And we'll say
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜? ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:27
"something from the imagination of the speaker" and now we're more on track.
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"ํ™”์ž์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ž˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Susana added:
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Susana๊ฐ€ ๋ง๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Ah, clever. We saw past... present. Both time periods are mentioned.
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์•„, ์˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ... ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
What I wanted you to realize or recall is that we can have mixed conditionals.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
In other words, we can have mixed time periods.
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์ฆ‰, ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
The most common pattern is an unreal past situation resulting in an unreal present.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
What would be different now if something had been different in the past?
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์„๊นŒ?
08:25
In this type of mixed conditional, we use the past perfect in the if-clause to refer to an unreal past situation.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด if ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
Then we use would, could, or might + the base verb in the result clause.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ˆ์—์„œ would, could ๋˜๋Š” might + ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
That refers to an unreal present.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Let's practice. I'll tell you a situation. You restate it using a mixed conditional, okay?
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์ž. ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ , ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
09:16
Too bad for Ben, right?
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๋ฒค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•ˆํƒ€๊น์ฃ ?
09:18
But if he had moved to Hollywood (like he had planned_, he could pursue his dream of becoming an actor.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด(๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ_๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฟˆ์„ ์ซ“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
09:42
Good for Pauline, right? Because if she hadn't saved enough money, she wouldn't be able to buy an apartment now.
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Pauline์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด์ง€? ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ์ €์ถ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.) .
09:53
Can you guess what your homework is?
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์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:56
Your first task is to post your own example of a mixed conditional.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž‘์—…์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
Write one sentence and post it in the comments.
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
I'll offer corrections as time allows in our next lesson on conditionals.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
For your bonus task, I'd like you to restate these sentences using IF.
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ์ž‘์—…, IF๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
You can write your ideas in the comments,
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜
10:27
but I won't confirm the answers until the next lesson.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ ˆ์Šจ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
You can also tell me if you agree with the statement. Is it true or false in your case?
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์ง„์ˆ ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. is ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฐธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:39
That's all for now. Please remember to like this video and subscribe if you haven't already.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์˜ˆ์š”. ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:45
Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์„ธ์š”!
10:54
Remember to join me on Twitter for vocabulary practice. I'm there Monday through Friday.
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์–ดํœ˜ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Twitter์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์›”์š”์ผ์— ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€.
11:00
And if you follow me on Facebook, you can try different language tasks throughout the week.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์—.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7