Lesson 98 ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐ŸซBasic English with Jennifer ๐Ÿ‘‚How to Say the -ed Past Tense Ending

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2020-04-17 ใƒป English with Jennifer


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Lesson 98 ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐ŸซBasic English with Jennifer ๐Ÿ‘‚How to Say the -ed Past Tense Ending

16,259 views ใƒป 2020-04-17

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer from English with Jennifer. Are you ready to study
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใจ่‹ฑ่ชž ใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:06
basic English with me? You can practice the simple past with my students, Flavia
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็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ็งใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
00:13
and Andreia. When we talk about the past, we use past tense verbs. Regular verbs
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ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒ“ใ‚ขใจใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ขใจๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉž
00:27
end in -ed. But how do we pronounce that ending? Listen. Okay, ladies. You did very
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ใฏ -ed ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ— ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่žใใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
00:37
well with a lot of the irregular verbs. Now we're going to talk about our
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใ†ใพใไฝฟใ„ใ“ใชใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠๅ›ž
00:41
regular verbs in the past tense. Often you will just add -ed or -d. Right?
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ใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€-ed ใพใŸใฏ -d ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
00:54
Spelling can be different. Pronunciation can be different. You're using some of
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ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณ ใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใงใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
01:01
them already. We talked about Sylvia and how she
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒซใƒ“ใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใŒใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
01:04
worked in a restaurant. Right? There's our -ed ending. She worked long hours. And we
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฎ -ed ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
01:14
talked about how she opened the door. Right? When she opened the door, she heard
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ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใŸใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€
01:21
strange noises. We also know that she turned on the lights, and she saw all of
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ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€‚ ใพใŸ ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๆ˜Žใ‹ใ‚Šใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ€ๅ‹้”ๅ…จๅ“กใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„
01:30
her friends. Okay. So, a lot of the time, we just add -ed. Now here's a question.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€-ed ใ‚’ ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:35
Listen. Worked. Opened. Worked. Turned. Is there a difference? Can you hear it?
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่žใใ€‚ ๅƒใ„ใŸใ€‚ ้–‹ใ„ใŸใ€‚ ๅƒใ„ใŸใ€‚ ๅ›žใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:50
What's happening with "worked," it sounds like a /t/. Worked. With these ones,
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"worked" ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ ใ€/t/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅƒใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€
02:00
"opened"... "turned." This sounds like a /d/. Why? Why is that happening?
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ใ€Œ้–‹ใ„ใŸใ€...ใ€Œๅ›žใ—ใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ /d/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:07
Why? Why, Jennifer?
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ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ใชใœใ€ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผ๏ผŸ
02:10
Because the last sound is a consonant. Right? Just like in English and
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ้ŸณใŒๅญ้Ÿณใชใฎใงใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚„ใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซ่ชžใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
02:16
Portuguese, we have two groups of sounds. We have our vowels. Mm-hmm. A, E, I, O, U. We have
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ใ€้Ÿณใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ Aใ€Eใ€Iใ€Oใ€Uใ€‚
02:23
our consonants: B, C, D... Right? Now the consonants have two groups. Some
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ๅญ้Ÿณใฏ Bใ€Cใ€D ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅญ้Ÿณใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€้ƒจใฎ
02:33
consonants are very quiet we call them voiceless. There's nothing here.
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ๅญ้Ÿณใฏ้žๅธธใซ้™ใ‹ใงใ€็„กๅฃฐใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:41
It's quiet, but when we say something
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้™ใ‹ใงใ™ใŒ
02:47
like an N.../n/...,you can put your hand on your throat. /n/ You feel the vibrations.
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ใ€N.../n/...ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ€ๅ–‰ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ /n/ ๆŒฏๅ‹•ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:56
There's something. You feel something. But when you say /k/, nothing. Right? Do you
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€/k/ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
03:04
feel? ...There's a difference. So when you have a voiceless...voiceless
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ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ โ€ฆโ€ฆ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ็„กๅฃฐโ€ฆ็„กๅฃฐใฎ
03:14
consonant, it's going to sound like /t/, but when it's voiced, it will sound like a /d/.
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ๅญ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ /t/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใ ใจ /d/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:22
For example, lived...I lived in Russia for five years. I lived in Moscow. Lived. Why?
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ... ็งใฏใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใซ5ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒขใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ
03:35
The last sound is a /v/. It's voiced. Okay? Remember the story of Brittany and John?
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ้Ÿณใฏ /v/ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ‰ๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฅใจใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
03:46
And Brittany helped John. She helped him to learn more languages. Right? Helped.
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ใใ—ใฆใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฅใฏใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผ ใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคšใใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใŸ. ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ€‚
03:53
Helped. Why? The last consonant is a /p/.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๅญ้Ÿณใฏ /p/ ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
Voiceless. Yeah. So, you're going to add on the -ed, but how you say it can be
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็„กๅฃฐใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€-ed ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ— ใพใ™ใŒใ€่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
04:08
different. Is the final sound voiceless or voiced? Okay. When we write, often it's
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใช้Ÿณใฏ็„กๅฃฐ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๆœ‰ๅฃฐใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒๆ›ธใใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ
04:17
-ed. But here, I just added -d. Why? Because the last letter is "e." Right? So,
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-ed ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ -d ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒใ€Œeใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ ใฃ
04:28
what if I do..."love" becomes "loved," and again it's voiced. So it sounds like /d/.
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ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†โ€ฆใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใŒใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใซใชใฃใฆใ€ใพใŸๅฃฐๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ€‚ /d/ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:37
And I just write a "-d." Loved. Um, jumped. Your cat jumped on the bed.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ-dใ€ใจๆ›ธใใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงๅฅฝใใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€่ทณใญใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ŒซใŒใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใซ้ฃ›ใณไน—ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:44
Jumped. Exactly. I saw a movie and I liked it. Liked. Liked. I liked it.
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไธๅบฆใ€‚ ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ€‚
05:00
Liked. Because it's just like "worked." Liked. I liked it.
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ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใพใ•ใซใ€Œๅƒใ„ใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ€‚
05:07
Voiceless consonants are also called unvoiced consonants. Say these voiceless
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็„กๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใฏ็„กๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใจใ‚‚ๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็„กๅฃฐ
05:14
consonants with me: /k, p/.
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ๅญ้Ÿณใ‚’็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: /k, p/.
05:20
Good. Now say those sounds before the -ed ending: worked, liked, helped, jumped. Try
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่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ -ed ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใฎๅ‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†: ๅƒใ„ใŸใ€ๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใ€ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:41
saying those verbs in phrases: worked hard, liked the movie, helped me,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใง่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:57
jumped high.
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ใ€‚
06:01
Remember we also have voiced consonants. Say these voiced consonants with me: /n, v/.
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ๆœ‰ๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆœ‰ๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใ‚’็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: /n, v/.
06:13
Good now say those sounds before the -ed ending. Listen and repeat. Opened, turned,
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€-ed ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใฎๅ‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใฆ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ€‚ ้–‹ใใ€ๅ‘ใใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ€
06:29
lived, loved. Say those verbs in phrases. Listen and repeat. Opened the door, turned
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็”Ÿใใ€ๆ„›ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใง่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใฆ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‹ใ‘
06:47
on the lights, lived alone, loved each other. Okay. Now let's talk about the past
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ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‹ใ‚Šใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ€ไธ€ไบบใงๆšฎใ‚‰ใ—ใ€ๆ„›ใ—ๅˆใฃ ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏ
07:05
tense ending -ed after a vowel sound and after the consonants T and D.
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ใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณ ใจๅญ้Ÿณใฎ T ใจ D ใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎ่ชžๅฐพ -ed ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡
07:17
I really enjoyed my trip to Bermuda. Enjoyed. Enjoyed. This is different.
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ใ†ใ€‚ใƒใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใƒ€ใธใฎๆ—…่กŒใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:26
"Enjoy"...is a vowel sound. /ษ”ษช/ And the vowel sounds also are voiced, so when we
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ใ€ŒใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ€ใƒปใƒปใƒปๆฏ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ /ษ”ษช/ ใใ—ใฆ ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚‚ๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใชใฎใง
07:37
have "enjoyed," it's going to sound like a /d/. Enjoyed. I enjoyed it.
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ใ€ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใจ /d/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:45
I enjoyed my trip. I enjoyed dinner. I enjoyed being here. Enjoyed. One more. When
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็งใฏๆ—…่กŒใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ็ง ใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใ€‚
07:54
did we meet for the first time? Do you remember which month? The three of us.
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆไผšใฃใŸใฎใฏใ„ใค๏ผŸ ไฝ• ๆœˆใ‹่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใŸใก3ไบบใ€‚
08:01
When did we start our lessons? Whoa. April. April or March? April. A long time ago.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ„ใคใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ 4 ๆœˆใ€‚ 4ๆœˆใ‹3ๆœˆ๏ผŸ 4 ๆœˆใ€‚ ๆ˜”ใ€‚
08:12
I think we started at the end of March. Maybe. Maybe the end of March. Yeah.
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3ๆœˆๆœซใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšๅˆ†ใ€‚ 3ๆœˆๆœซใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใชใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:22
Let's say March. Okay. Started. Started. New category. New group. Started. Started.
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3ๆœˆใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ–ฐใŸใชใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใ€‚ ๆ–ฐใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:37
What happened now? Start - started. Now I have two syllables. Started. I don't say
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ไปŠไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใใŸใฎ๏ผŸ ้–‹ๅง‹ - ้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็ง ใฏ2ใคใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:47
"tur-ned"..."open-ed" "liv-ed"... Well "open" has two syllables, but
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"turned"... "open-ed" "liv-ed" ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ› ใ‚“ใŒใ€"open" ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
08:53
Let's look at "live" and "love." Lived, loved. And with "opened" and "turned," I don't say
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€"live" ใจ "love" ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็”ŸใใŸใ€ๆ„›ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ้–‹ใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ€Œๅ›žใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใงใฏใ€
09:01
"open-ed"..."turn-ed"...
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ใ€Œ้–‹ใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ€...ใ€Œๅ›žใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
09:04
It's different. If it's one syllable, you add an -ed, it stays one
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...้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ 1 ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ -ed ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€1 ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎใพใพใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
09:10
syllable. If it's two syllables and you add -ed, it stays two syllables. But what
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ใ€‚ 2้Ÿณ็ฏ€ ใซ-edใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใจ2้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎใพใพใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œ
09:20
does that end with? T. And so when you end with a T, we get one more syllable.
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ใฏไฝ•ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ T. T ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใŒ 1 ใคๅข—ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:29
Start - started. Start - started. Because of T. Yeah. And there can be more. Oh, here's a good one.
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้–‹ๅง‹ - ้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้–‹ๅง‹ - ้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ Tใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŠใŠใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ€‚
09:42
Visit. Right? Let's say you went to New York. You...and you saw relatives.
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่จชๅ•ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ...ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฆชๆˆšใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:48
Right? You saw some family, so you visited ...you visited some relatives.
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใฎใงใ€่จชๅ•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ...ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎ่ฆชๆˆšใ‚’่จชๅ•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:56
It ends with the T. Visited. We talked about Brittany and John and how they got
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T. Visited ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฅใจใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
10:03
married. We could also say they married. "Got married" is more conversational, but
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็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸ. ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ตๅฉšใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šไผš่ฉฑ็š„
10:09
you can also use "marry" as a verb. And what happens when you write it? You
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ€Œ็ตๅฉšใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™. ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:18
add...you change the y to an i and add the -ed.
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่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™... y ใ‚’ i ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ— ใ€-ed ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:24
But it sounds like "enjoyed"... "married." Right? It ends with a vowel; we add -ed. Okay. So how
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€...ใ€Œ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ๆฏ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ -ed ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€
10:34
many groups do we have? We have these verbs. They're voiceless. It will end with the /t/
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็งใŸใกใฏใ„ใใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็„กๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚ /t/ใฎ
10:40
sound. So repeat after me: Liked... Worked...
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้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎๅพŒใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: Liked... Worked...
10:49
Helped... Jumped... Now we have these verbs that end with
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Helped... Jumped... ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๆœ‰ๅฃฐๅญ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใงใใพใ—
10:59
the voiced consonant. The -ed sounds like a /d/. Opened... Turned...
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ใŸใ€‚ -ed ใฏ /d/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ้–‹ใ„ใŸ...
11:09
Turned...and be careful not to say "tur-ned" and not "turned-duh" but
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ๅ›ž่ปขใ—ใŸ... ๅ›ž่ปขใ—ใŸ...ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ›ž่ปขใ—ใŸใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œๅ›ž่ปขใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆ
11:17
Turned. Yeah. So you say the D, but don't add "turned-duh." Turned. Okay.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ D ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ€Œturned-duhใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅ›žใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:29
Lived. Again, not "li-ved." Lived... Loved... Good. Right? You don't
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ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸ... ๆ„›ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ...่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
11:43
want "lo-ved"...loved. And not "loved-duh." When you have a word after it, then you
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ใ€Œlo-vedใ€ใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“...ๆ„›ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œๆ„›ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎใ‚ใจใซ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
11:54
can keep going. Like, I loved it. I loved it. Did you like the movie? I loved it.
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็ถšใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใฏๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
12:01
I loved it. Yeah. I loved it. Or I liked it. When you end with a vowel, we add the -ed
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็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฏ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€-ed ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹
12:10
and it sounds like a/d/. Married... Enjoyed...
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ใจใ€a/d/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸ... ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ...
12:20
Same thing. You could say, "Did you like it?" "I enjoyed it. I really enjoyed it." Try that.
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ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:25
I really enjoyed it...because it ends
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™...
12:34
with the /d/ sound, you're going to connect it to the next word. I really
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/d/ ใฎ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใคใชใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚“ใจใ†ใซ
12:40
enjoyed it. Today I enjoy it, but yesterday I enjoyed it. Enjoyed it. Yes.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‘ใฉใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ ใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
12:51
Yeah. You have the "dit." Enjoyed it. Yes. I really enjoyed it...Enjoyed it. Yes.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็‚นใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸโ€ฆๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
12:59
Enjoyed it. Yes. It sounds like "dit." I really enjoyed it.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚“ใจใ†ใซ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
13:05
I really enjoyed...enjoyed it...And if it's easier to go
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็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸ...ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸ...ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’
13:13
slow, do it. But you can still speak naturally. I really enjoyed it.
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚่‡ช็„ถใซ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใปใ‚“ใจใ†ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
13:18
Enjoyed it...Okay. And then we have these verbs that
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸโ€ฆใ‚ˆใ—ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
13:26
add an extra syllable. I started the lesson. Started. Started. I started the
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ
13:33
lesson. I started the lesson. Started...
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ใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ...
13:43
I started dinner....started. Oh, what's happening...
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็งใฏๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ....ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹...
13:50
"Start" ends with the 't,' but many Americans are going to change that. It will
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ใ€Œ้–‹ๅง‹ใ€ใฏใ€Œtใ€ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
13:56
sound very much like a /d/ sound. So instead of "started," you will hear "star-ded."
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/d/ ใฎ้Ÿณใซ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใŸ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ใ€Œstartedใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œstar-dedใ€ใจ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:03
Alright. It sounds like /d...d/. Started.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ /d...d/ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:11
We started in March...
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็งใŸใกใฏ3ๆœˆใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ...
14:20
Mm-hmm. Started. Visited. Visited. Mm-hmm. She visited
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่จชๅ•ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่จชๅ•ใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ฆชๆˆšใ‚’่จชใญใพใ—ใŸ
14:26
relatives. Yeah. Or say, "I visited family." I visited family. Visited.
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ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฎถๆ—ใซไผšใ„ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’่จชใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่จชๅ•ใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:38
I visited family. You got it. It's difficult!
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ๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’่จชใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไบ†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„๏ผ
14:44
Listen. Tried. How many syllables does that verb have? Tried. One. Repeat after me.
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่žใใ€‚ ่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏไฝ•้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ€‚ 1ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅพŒใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใ€‚
14:55
I tried really hard.
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็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:02
Listen again. Guided. How many syllables?
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ไป˜ใใ€‚ ไฝ•้Ÿณ็ฏ€๏ผŸ
15:10
Guided. Repeat. She guided me. Let's see if you understand the rules. Answer 10
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ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ไป˜ใใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใ‚’ๆกˆๅ†…ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ 10ใฎ
15:23
questions. What's the past tense of "baked"?
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่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็„ผใ„ใŸใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
15:30
Baked. What's the past tense of "smile"?
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็„ผใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
15:40
Smiled. What's the past tense of "play"?
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็ฌ‘ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ้Šใณใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
15:49
Played. What's the past tense of "change"?
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้Šใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
15:58
Changed. What's the past tense of "expect"?
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ใ‹ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
16:09
Expected. What's the past tense of "cry"?
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ๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆณฃใใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
16:18
Cried. And the past tense of "carry?"
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ๆณฃใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใƒผ๏ผŸใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€‚
16:26
Carried. What's the past tense of "move"?
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้‹ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ‹•ใใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ
16:36
Moved. And the past tense of "ask"? Asked. And finally, what's the past tense of
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็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏ๏ผŸ ๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€ŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏไฝ•
16:51
"complete"? Completed. Now let's see if Andreia and Flavia understand the rules.
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ขใจใƒ•ใƒฉใƒ“ใ‚ขใŒใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
17:07
Ladies, I want to add more words to this list, but you help me and tell me where
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ๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆ
17:13
the verbs go. Cook. Cook - cooked. Oh! Cooked. Right? Not "cook -ed." Cooked.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ–™็†ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ฏ - ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚ ใŠใƒผ๏ผ ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚
17:26
Where is that? Cooked. Where does "cook" go? Cooked. Because...like "worked"
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ–™็†ไบบใ€ใฏใฉใ“ใธ๏ผŸ ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰...ใ€Œๅƒใ„ใŸใ€
17:37
and "liked." Cooked. Um, wash.
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ใจใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚ ่ชฟ็†ๆธˆใฟใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ๆด—ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:40
Becomes "washed." /สƒ/ Do you hear? Nothing, right? Put your hand here. Oh. There's a difference between /สƒ/ and /ส’/.
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ใ€Œๆด—ใ„ใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ /สƒ/่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŠใƒผใ€‚ /สƒ/ใจ/ส’/ใซใฏ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:04
Yeah. Put your hand here and feel the difference.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆ้•ใ„ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:09
They're two different sounds. "Washed." So SH /สƒ/ is voiceless: washed. Like I
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ2ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆด—ใฃใŸใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€SH /สƒ/ ใฏ็„กๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ซชใ‚’
18:18
washed my hair. I washed my hands. Miss. Missed. Not miss-ed. Missed.
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ๆด—ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚ ็งใฏๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒŸใ‚นใ€‚ใƒŸใ‚นใ€‚ ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้€ƒใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:28
Missed... Yes. Missed. Missed? M-I-S-S. Miss - missed. Ah. Missed. Exactly. Missed. I missed you. I missed you.
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้€ƒใ—ใŸ... ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ้€ƒใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ ใŠๅฌขใ€‚ ใƒŸใ‚น - ใƒŸใ‚นใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ ้€ƒใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไธๅบฆใ€‚ ้€ƒใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
18:50
I really missed you. Right? Or I missed class. You know? Show. Showed. You feel something, right? Showed. Voiceless? It's voiced
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็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใชใใฆๅฏ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ๆฌ ๅธญใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰๏ผŸ ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ็คบใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็คบใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็„กๅฃฐ๏ผŸ
19:09
because think.../oสŠ/ is a vowel sound. You said it directly. Yeah. Right. Yeah. /oสŠ/
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think.../oสŠ/ใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใชใฎใงๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ็›ดๆŽฅ่จ€ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ /oสŠ/
19:15
is a vowel like "marry"..."enjoy." "Show" ends with a vowel sound. Showed /oสŠ/ is
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ใฏใ€Œ็ตๅฉšใ€โ€ฆใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฏ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒShowใ€ใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็คบใ—ใŸ /oสŠ/
19:28
a vowel sound. That's voiced. It's going to sound like a /d/.
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ใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ‰ๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚ /d/ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
19:33
Showed. This is when you can have a little bit of fun and come up with a story.
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็คบใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใคใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
19:40
A group of...give me a number, a small
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ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—...ๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
19:46
number. Yeah. Five. Five. Okay. A group of
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ๅฐ‘ๆ•ฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไบ”ใ€‚ ไบ”ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
19:53
five cats lived together. Name a place.
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5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไธ€็ท’ใซๆšฎใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅๅ‰ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:04
A store, a mountain...A store. In a store. The store...oh! Here's one more verb. Let's add this.
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ๅบ—ใ€ๅฑฑโ€ฆๅบ—ใ€‚ ๅบ—ใงใ€‚ ใŠๅบ—โ€ฆใŠใŠ๏ผ ใ“ใ“ใงๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
20:14
This is good. What do stores do? They sell things. What
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใ€‚ ๅบ—่ˆ—ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:22
happens to "sell" in the past? Sold. Very good. S-o-l-d. Sold. The store
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้ŽๅŽปใซใ€Œๅฃฒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏ๏ผŸ ๅฃฒๅดใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ S-o-l-dใ€‚ ๅฃฒๅดใ€‚
20:33
sold...what? What did they sell? Animals. Animals? How about pets? The store sold...furniture...blankets?
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ๅฃฒใฃใŸๅบ—ใฏโ€ฆใชใซ๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€‚ ๅ‹•็‰ฉ๏ผŸ ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใฎๅบ—ใฏโ€ฆๅฎถๅ…ทโ€ฆๆฏ›ๅธƒ๏ผŸ
20:51
Yes. Or clothes...clothes. Or cats? Yeah! In Brazil...has one store. And many cats. There were cats.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏๆœ...ๆœใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚็Œซ๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚“๏ผ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใงใฏ... 1 ๅบ—่ˆ—ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็Œซใ€‚ ็ŒซใŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:06
And what did they sell? And people search...clothes. And cats...But the clothes had cat fur everywhere. Yes! That's awful.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๆœใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็Œซโ€ฆใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆœใฏใ„ใŸใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใซ็Œซใฎๆฏ›็šฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„๏ผ ใใ‚Œใฏใฒใฉใ„ใ€‚
21:24
Okay. Let's change this. The store sold like clothing...clothes. Or blankets, towels...
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅบ—ใฏๆด‹ๆœใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฃฒใ‚ŒใŸ...ๆด‹ๆœใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆฏ›ๅธƒใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ชใƒซ...
21:36
Well, in our story, let's say it sold clothes. It sold clothes. The cats...What
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่ฉฑใงใฏใ€ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆด‹ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ŒซใŸใกโ€ฆ
21:45
happens to "want"? Wanted. And look. It goes over here in this group. Want - wanted.
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ใ€Œๆฌฒใ—ใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹๏ผŸ ๆฌฒใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ“ใ“ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใ„ - ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€‚
21:52
Wanted. Two syllables. The cats wanted to help.
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ๆฌฒใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ไบŒ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ€‚ ็ŒซใŸใก ใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
22:02
Um, they...I think you know some of these already. What happens with "put"? It stays
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ...็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ใงใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ . ใ€Œ็ฝฎใใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ
22:12
the same. Correct. Mm-hmm. You can say "put their fur..."
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ๅŒใ˜ใพใพใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆโ€ฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
22:17
I think we also did this one. "Leave" becomes "left." Good. We can use either verb here
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ‚„ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›ขใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ ใฏใ€Œๅทฆใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใ
22:28
and say they put their fur everywhere/they left their fur
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ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใŸ/ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„
22:34
everywhere. Past tense of "think"? They thought...they thought
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ใพใ™ ใ€Œๆ€ใ†ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏโ€ฆ
22:44
this was helpful. Here we have "share" /ษ›ษš/ Share. It's a voiced sound. /ษ›ษš/ It's
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ€/ษ›ษš/ ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ /ษ›ษš/
23:01
like a vowel sound. Shared. So it ends with a /d/. They shared...their pretty
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€/d/ ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„
23:13
fur. They shared their pretty fur with all the customers.
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ๆฏ›็šฎใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆใฎ้กงๅฎขใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ .
23:25
The customers...what happens to "wash"? Washed. Washed. The customers washed the clothes
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ใŠๅฎขๆง˜โ€ฆใ€Œๆด—ใ†ใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ๆด—ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆด—ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆด—ๆฟฏ
23:40
at home, of course. That's our story. Okay. A group of five cats lived together in
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ใฏใ”ๅฎถๅบญใงใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅบ—ใซ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—
23:50
a store. The store sold clothes. The cats wanted to help.
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ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ—ใฏๆด‹ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ ็ŒซใŸใกใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
23:54
They left their fur everywhere. They thought this was helpful. They shared
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ ใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:59
their pretty fur with all the customers. The customers washed the clothes at home,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆใฎ้กงๅฎขใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ. ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆด—ๆฟฏใฏใ”ๅฎถๅบญ
24:04
of course. Okay. I'm going to say it again, and I'm going to leave out all the verbs.
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ใงใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ™ในใฆ็œใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:11
You will help me. Okay? Because I want to hear your pronunciation. Okay. A group of
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่žใใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
24:16
five cats together in a store. The store sold clothes. The cats wanted to help.
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ๅบ—ใซ้›†ใพใฃใŸ5ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ— ใฏๆด‹ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ ็ŒซใŸใกใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
24:27
They left their fur everywhere. They thought this was helpful. They shared...shared...they shared
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ...ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ...ๅฝผใ‚‰
24:38
their pretty fur with all the customers. The customers washed...washed the
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ใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ้กงๅฎขใจๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ. ใŠๅฎขใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆด—ๆฟฏโ€ฆ
24:46
clothes at home, of course. Okay. Be careful with "washed." So we don't have
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅฎถใงๆด—ๆฟฏใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๆด—ใฃใŸใ€ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ‰ใ€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
24:50
"wash-ed." Washed. And it sounds like /t/. Washed... They washed the
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ใ€‚ ๆด—ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ /t/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆด—ใฃใŸ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœใ‚’ๆด—ใฃใŸ
24:59
clothes. They washed the clothes. Very good -- because those are a lot
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„
25:07
of /t/ sounds and TH sounds. You can practice more on your own. Retell the
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ใงใ™ใ€‚/t/ ใฎ้Ÿณใจ TH ใฎ้ŸณใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใ‚‚ใฃใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
25:13
story about the cats Here are the verbs you need. Listen to the story one more time.
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็Œซใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ ๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
25:23
Ladies, I will read one more time. Listen and I'll ask you questions.
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ๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ณชๅ•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:30
Okay. A group of five cats lived together in a store. The store sold clothes. The
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅบ—ใซ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ—ใฏๆด‹ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
25:37
cats wanted to help. They left their fur everywhere. They
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็ŒซใŸใกใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰
25:41
thought this was helpful. They shared their pretty fur with all the customers.
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ใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆใฎ้กงๅฎขใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
25:45
The customers washed the clothes at home, of course. How many cats lived in the
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆด—ๆฟฏใฏใ”ๅฎถๅบญใงใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ—ใซใฏไฝ•ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
25:54
store? Five. Now give me the whole sentence. Five cats lived in the store.
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ใ‹ใ€‚ ไบ”ใ€‚ ใงใฏๅ…จๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅบ—ใซใฏ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
26:06
In the store. Lived in the store. What did the store sell? The store sold clothes. Very good.
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ใŠๅบ—ใงใ€‚ ใŠๅบ—ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ—ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ ใใฎๅบ—ใฏๆด‹ๆœใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
26:20
What did the cats want to do?
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็ŒซใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใŒใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
26:24
The cats wanted...help. Wanted to help.
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็ŒซใŸใกใŒๆฌฒใ—ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸ...ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใ€‚ ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
26:32
So, with "wanted" you always need "to": want to help, wanted to help.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€"wanted" ใซใฏๅธธใซ "to" ใŒ ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
26:37
Wanted to help. Wanted to help. Good. Wanted to help. Mm-hmm.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚
26:43
Where did they leave their fur? Where? Where did they leave their fur?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ“๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
26:54
Everywhere. Now give me the whole sentence. They left their fur everywhere.
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ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ€‚ ใงใฏๅ…จๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:05
They left their fur...they left their fur everywhere. Everywhere. Why? What did they
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
27:16
think? They thought this was helpful. Correct. Be careful with the TH. They thought.
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ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ THใซใฏๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:26
They thought...they thought this was helpful. They thought this was helpful. This is a
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏโ€ฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใจๆ€ใฃใŸ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
27:34
good story for TH, too. They thought they thought this was helpful. They thought
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THใซใจใฃใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
27:43
this was helpful. They thought...they thought...
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ€ใฃใŸ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ€ใฃใŸ...
28:03
Who did they share their fur with? Who?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ชฐใจๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ชฐ๏ผŸ
28:09
They shared their pretty fur with....with who?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๆฏ›็šฎใ‚’่ชฐใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
28:17
With all customers...with all the customers.
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ๅ…จใฆใฎใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใจๅ…ฑใซใƒปใƒปใƒปๅ…จใฆใฎใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใจๅ…ฑใซใ€‚
28:22
With all the customers. What did the customers do at home? The customers wash...washed
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใŠๅฎขๆง˜ใจใ€‚ ้กงๅฎขใฏๅฎถใงไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ ้กงๅฎข
28:31
the clothes in the house. Yes, in their house or you say "at home." At home. They
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ใฏๅฎถใฎไธญใงๆœใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ ๅฎถใงใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฎถใงใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถใซใ€‚
28:37
washed their clothes at home, of course. Note how I formed questions in the
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎถใงๆœใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝข ใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—ใŸใ‹ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
28:43
simple past. Look. Which questions use a helping verb? These ones. The helping verb
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ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚ ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใฏใฉใ‚Œ ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ€‚ ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉž
29:00
is "did." This question is about the subject. The question word is "who." We
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ใฏใ€Œใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏ ไธป้กŒใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ็–‘ๅ•่ฉžใฏใ€Œ่ชฐใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง
29:10
don't need a helping verb here. For more practice, you can make more questions in
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ใฏๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
29:18
the simple past. Okay. That's all for now. Was the lesson useful? Please like and
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽˆๆฅญใฏๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
29:26
share this video. As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆๅนธใ›ใช็ ”็ฉถใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
29:33
Follow me on Facebook and Twitter. Check out my videos on Instagram, and don't
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Facebook ใจ Twitter ใงใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ Instagram ใง็งใฎๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
29:41
forget to subscribe.
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ใ€‚ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ‚‚ใŠๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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