Using English Prepositions - Lesson 8: Near, Beside, Next to, By - Part 2 (place)

54,621 views

2015-12-08 ใƒป English with Jennifer


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Using English Prepositions - Lesson 8: Near, Beside, Next to, By - Part 2 (place)

54,621 views ใƒป 2015-12-08

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:09
It's time to challenge your listening skills again.
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใซใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅญไพ›
00:12
I'll let you listen to another part of the conversation I had
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ใŸใกใจใฎไผš่ฉฑใฎๅˆฅใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’่žใ‹ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:16
with my children.
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ใ€‚
00:18
In this part, we talk about the location of their school and their classrooms.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅญฆๆ กใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใจๆ•™ๅฎคใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
So my daughter's classroom is on the second floor.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅจ˜ใฎๆ•™ๅฎคใฏ2้šŽใ€‚
01:56
And my son's?
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎๆฏๅญใฎ๏ผŸ
01:59
He's on the third floor.
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ๅฝผใฏ 3 ้šŽใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:01
His classroom is near the computer lab.
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ๅฝผใฎๆ•™ๅฎคใฏใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผๅฎคใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:04
What is my daughter's classroom close to?
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ๅจ˜ใฎๆ•™ๅฎคใฏใฉใ“ใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
02:09
She's near the library.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:11
NEAR means not far from something.
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NEAR ใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰้ ใ้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:15
Close to something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€‚
02:16
Near the library. Near the computer lab.
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ๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฎ่ฟ‘ใใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใƒฉใƒœใฎ่ฟ‘ใใ€‚
02:20
Neither one of them have a classroom that's right beside a bathroom.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใƒใ‚นใƒซใƒผใƒ ใฎใ™ใใใฐใซๆ•™ๅฎคใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:24
They have to walk a little bit.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆญฉใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:26
BESIDE is the same as NEXT TO.
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BESIDE ใฏ NEXT TO ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
Two sides are touching.
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2 ใคใฎๅด้ขใŒๆŽฅ่งฆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
Beside. Next to.
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ใใ‚Œไปฅๅค–ใ€‚ ใฎ้šฃใซใ€‚
02:37
Let's do a quick review.
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:39
Which of the new prepositions could we use to complete this sentence?
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹?
02:57
It's the same thing as saying, "It's not far from our home."
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ใ€Œๆˆ‘ใŒๅฎถใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ†้ ใใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:01
Or, "It's close to our home."
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฎถใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:04
NEAR is a preposition.
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NEARใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
03:07
But FAR FROM and CLOSE TO
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€FAR FROM ใจ CLOSE TO
03:11
...that's adjective + preposition.
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... ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž + ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
03:16
How about this sentence?
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:17
How can we complete it?
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ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
03:23
And I want to say it's side-by-side.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไธฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:25
It touches our property.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ่ฒก็”ฃใซ่งฆใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:32
It's the same thing as saying "beside our home."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใŒๅฎถใฎใใฐใงใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:37
Often we use "right beside" to emphasize
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œใ™ใใใฐใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
03:41
just how close it is. Side by side.
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ใ€ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธฆใ‚“ใงใ€‚
03:50
The tricky thing is that there are other words that look similar to prepositions,
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ๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใŒไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
03:56
and I don't want you to confuse those other words with our prepositions of place.
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใจๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:03
So let me take some time to go over some useful points.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆœ‰็”จใชใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
Be careful not to confuse NEAR and NEARBY.
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NEAR ใจ NEARBY ใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:15
There could be some overlap, but usually there's a clear difference.
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้‡่ค‡ใ™ใ‚‹้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใฏๆ˜Ž็ขบใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
See if you can choose the correct word and complete four sentences.
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใฆใ€4 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฎŒๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:36
We need a preposition.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
Same word, but NEAR can also function as an adverb.
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ๅŒใ˜ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใŒใ€NEAR ใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:53
The storm drew closer.
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ๅตใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใŸใ€‚
04:55
It drew near.
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่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:08
NEARBY here functions as an adverb.
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ใ“ใ“ใง NEARBY ใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:12
It's the same as saying, "There are some shops close by."
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ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใซใŠๅบ—ใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:18
You could use NEAR, but I think
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NEAR ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€
05:21
most speakers would choose to say NEAR HERE.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏ NEAR HERE ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:25
There are some shops near here.
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ใ“ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใŠๅบ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:39
NEARBY can be an adjective.
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NEARBY ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
So a "nearby restaurant" is a restaurant
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ€ใฏ
05:45
that's very close. It's local.
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้žๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใƒผใ‚ซใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
05:50
And here's a bonus sentence.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:00
Do you know a word that looks like NEAR,
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NEARใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŒใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
06:04
but means "almost"?
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06:12
That's an adverb.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
06:20
Also, don't confuse BESIDE and BESIDES.
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ใพใŸใ€BESIDE ใจ BESIDES ใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:26
Do you know which one is the preposition of place?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
06:31
BESIDE is a preposition, so it always needs an object.
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BESIDE ใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใชใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:36
Beside what?
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ไฝ•ใฎใปใ‹ใซ๏ผŸ
06:38
BESIDES is a word we use to show an addition.
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BESIDES ใฏใ€่ฟฝๅŠ ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
06:43
Like "Moreover."
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ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ€ใฟใŸใ„ใชใ€‚
06:45
So how would we complete these two sentences?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
06:53
We'd say...
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06:57
Meaning "next to my house."
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ใ€Œ็งใฎๅฎถใฎ้šฃใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:08
It's the same thing as saying:
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™:
07:09
Also,... / In addition,... / Moreover,...
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ใพใŸใ€... / ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€... / ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ...
07:18
BESIDES is a little less formal than MOREOVER and IN ADDITION.
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BESIDES ใฏใ€MOREOVER ใ‚„ IN ADDITION ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:25
BESIDE means "next to something,"
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BESIDE ใฏใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้šฃใ€
07:28
and there's one more preposition that's similar in meaning.
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ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:33
We can also use BY.
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BY ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:37
So let me show you some examples.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:44
Look at the alternatives.
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ไปฃๆ›ฟๆกˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:09
Finally, don't confuse NEXT TO and NEXT.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€NEXT TO ใจ NEXT ใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:13
What's the difference?
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้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:15
I think you know.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:17
Look at these sentences.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:25
Here we have a preposition.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
"We live next to a farm" is the same as "we live beside a farm."
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ่พฒๅ ดใฎ้šฃใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใฏใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ่พฒๅ ดใฎ้šฃใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:45
NEXT as a single word shows sequence.
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ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆใฎ NEXT ใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒผใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚นใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:55
We've looked at different prepositions of place:
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ:
09:13
Let's try an exercise now to check your
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ใ“ใ“
09:17
of all these prepositions,
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ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ
09:19
and make sure that you're not confusing them
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจๆททๅŒใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:22
with other words.
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ใ€‚
10:16
Note we could also use BY here.
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ใ“ใ“ใง BY ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:43
Why don't you go back now and answer the questions?
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ไปŠๆˆปใฃใฆ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:50
Well, I hope you're feeling more confident about using prepositions of place.
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎไฝฟ็”จใซ่‡ชไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:55
That's all for now. Thanks for watching.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
11:58
Happy studies!
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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