Take a QUIZ on Parallel Structure! - Advanced English Grammar

29,019 views ใƒป 2020-08-14

English with Jennifer


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer from English with Jennifer. If you've watched
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใจ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:05
a lot of my lessons, you probably know some of my interests. Playing the piano
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็งใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ็งใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†. ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใ‚’ๅผพใใ“ใจ
00:11
is something I've tried to keep up with over the years. But I've explored
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ใฏใ€็งใŒไฝ•ๅนดใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ็ถšใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใใŸใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ่ชฟๆŸป
00:15
and experimented. At different points in my life, I learned
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ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้จ“ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไบบ็”Ÿใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ™‚็‚นใงใ€
00:19
a bit of taekwondo, origami, and I even signed up for
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผ ใ‚„ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็ด™ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅญฆใณใ€ใƒใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ็”ณใ—่พผใ‚€ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
00:24
Hawaiian dance classes.
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ใ€‚
00:29
Take a look at my last sentence. Perhaps it
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็งใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:33
sounded okay in the flow of speech, but now that you see it in writing,
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่ฉฑใฎๆตใ‚Œ็š„ใซใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ› ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ
00:38
you may find a weakness in the structure. Focus on the three interests I named.
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ๆง‹้€ ใซๅผฑ็‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŒๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใŸ 3 ใคใฎ้–ขๅฟƒไบ‹ใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:46
Do you see them?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:53
Taekwondo. Origami. Hawaiian dance.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใ€‚ ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็ด™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ€‚
01:02
The clearest way to list items is to use parallel structure. That means that all
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใ‚’ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆ˜Ž็ขบใชๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
01:08
the items in the list should be grammatically
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ใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆๅ†…ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ้ …็›ฎใŒๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซ็ญ‰ใ—ใใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
01:11
equal. If I'm going to list three things I
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ใ€‚ ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ 3 ใคๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
01:15
learned, I can list three nouns or noun phrases.
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ใ€ๅ่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ่ฉžๅฅใ‚’ 3 ใคๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
Those are all objects of the verb "learn."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€Œๅญฆใถใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
01:28
Watch how I rewrite the statement. At different points in my life,
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็งใŒใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ็›ดใ™ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไบบ็”Ÿใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ™‚็‚นใงใ€
01:32
I learned a bit of taekwondo, origami, and Hawaiian dance.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใ€ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็ด™ใ€ใƒใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
01:42
In this lesson, we're going to make sure you can recognize and use
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ ่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™
01:46
parallel structure. This will make your statements
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒ
01:50
clear and easy to understand. Parallel structure is especially valued
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ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚Šใ€็†่งฃใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใฏ
01:55
in writing, whether it's for academic or
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ใ€ๅญฆ่ก“็›ฎ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถ็›ฎ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจใ€ๅŸท็ญ†ใซใŠใ„ใฆ็‰นใซไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:58
professional purposes. We already looked at a series of nouns.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใงใซไธ€้€ฃใฎๅ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:12
What if I start my list with a couple of gerunds?
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใงๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฉใ† ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
02:19
How do I create parallel structure?
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ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
02:25
Focus on the verb "perform" and change it to a gerund.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œperformใ€ใซ ๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใซๅค‰ใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:32
I enjoyed learning forms in taekwondo, folding paper flowers, and performing
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใฎๅž‹ใ‚’็ฟ’ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ ็ด™ใฎ่Šฑใ‚’ๆŠ˜ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’่ธŠใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใ
02:38
hula dances.
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ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง
02:44
Can you create parallel structure in this statement?
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ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใพใ™ ใ‹?
02:52
Well, the first item is an infinitive. It was difficult to do what?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ …็›ฎใฏไธๅฎš่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:58
To spar, which means to fight with a partner.
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ใ‚นใƒ‘ใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใจๆˆฆใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
Let's focus on the other actions and change
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ไป–ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ€
03:08
those to infinitives.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธๅฎš่ฉžใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:14
To deliver high kicks. To break boards.
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ใƒใ‚คใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใ€‚ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅฃŠใ™ใ€‚
03:23
IF we create a series a list of infinitives,
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ไธ€้€ฃใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹
03:27
we often use "to" only with the first infinitive,
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใ ใ‘ใงใ€Œtoใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„
03:31
so watch how we can rewrite this.
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ็›ดใ™ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:36
In my taekwondo classes, I found it difficult to spar with a partner,
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใง ใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใจใฎใ‚นใƒ‘ใƒผใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐ
03:41
deliver high kicks to my opponent's head, and break boards.
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ใ€็›ธๆ‰‹ใฎ้ ญใธใฎใƒใ‚คใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใƒ–ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ฏใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:50
Parallel structure is needed when we use coordinating conjunctions,
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03:54
like AND, OR...and when we use correlative conjunctions,
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ANDใ€OR... ใชใฉใฎ่ชฟๆ•ดๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ใ€"either...or" ใชใฉใฎ็›ธ้–ขๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ
04:00
like "either...or."
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ„ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
04:05
Can you identify the parallel structure in each of these statements?
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ใฎไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใงใใพใ™ ใ‹?
04:12
Dancing to beautiful music and performing for an audience is very exciting.
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็พŽใ—ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ่ธŠใ‚Š ใ€่ฆณๅฎขใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆผ”ๅฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
04:24
Did you prefer ancient or modern Hawaiian dance?
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ๅคไปฃใพใŸใฏ็พไปฃใฎใƒใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
04:35
Origami requires patience, accuracy, and a good memory.
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ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็ด™ใซใฏๅฟ่€ๅŠ›ใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใ•ใ€่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
You can either memorize a set of steps or look at a set of instructions.
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ไธ€้€ฃใฎๆ‰‹้ †ใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ€ไธ€้€ฃใฎๆŒ‡็คบใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:03
Both taekwondo and Hawaiian dance require coordination.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใ‚‚ใƒใƒฏใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚‚ ๅ”่ชฟๆ€งใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡
05:16
Keep in mind that I'm showing you sentences, but we also use
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ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—
05:20
parallel structure in bulleted or numbered lists.
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ใ€็ฎ‡ๆกๆ›ธใใ‚„็•ชๅทไป˜ใใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใงใ‚‚ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:24
Take a look.
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่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:29
My favorite activities: playing the piano, reading, taking walks with my dog.
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ๅฅฝใใชๆดปๅ‹•๏ผšใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใ‚’ๅผพใใ“ใจใ€ ่ชญๆ›ธใ€็Šฌใจๆ•ฃๆญฉใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ 1 ใค
05:41
Do you know how I'm going to change that last one? I need another
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ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹? ็งใฏๅˆฅใฎ
05:44
gerund. What do we do with board games? Play. The gerund? Playing.
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ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใงไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ้Šใถใ€‚ ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉž๏ผŸ ้Šใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:52
Playing board games with my children.
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ๅญไพ›้”ใจใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใง้Šใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:58
My top excuses for not exercising more: I'm busy during the day.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้‹ๅ‹•ใ—ใชใ„็งใฎไธปใช่จ€ใ„่จณ: ๆ—ฅไธญใฏๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
06:07
I'd rather do something else with my free time.
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็ฉบใ„ใŸๆ™‚้–“ใงไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ ใ€‚
06:13
I need to change that middle one. Right? The other items are full statements,
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ใใฎ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ไป–ใฎ้ …็›ฎใฏใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
06:19
sentences with a subject and a verb. So, how about, "I'm too tired at night"?
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ใ€ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๅคœใฏ็–ฒใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง
06:29
Maybe you'd like to create your own list in the comments. Before you do, let's
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็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ‰ใซ
06:34
practice some more. I'm going to give you
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ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:36
15-question quiz. Are you ready?
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15ๅ•ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅ‡บ้กŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:42
Rewrite each statement using parallel structure.
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ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๅ„ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใๆ›ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:52
As a child, I spent a lot of time reading and playing the piano.
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ๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ ใ ใ‚Šใ€ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใ‚’ๅผพใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆๅคšใใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:19
My piano teacher spoke kindly and patiently.
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ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใฎๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏๅ„ชใ—ใ่พ›ๆŠฑๅผทใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
07:24
OR: with kindness and patience.
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ใพใŸใฏ: ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใจๅฟ่€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ.
07:45
For a while, I took both piano lessons and accordion lessons.
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ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใฎ้–“ใ€ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽ ใจใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒณใฎไธกๆ–นใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:50
OR: took both piano and accordion lessons.
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OR: ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใจใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒณใฎไธกๆ–นใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:13
Joining a Filipino association turned out to be a cultural
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒชใƒ”ใƒณๅ”ไผšใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„
08:17
and social experience. OR: It turned out to be a cultural as
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณ็คพไผš็š„ใช็ตŒ้จ“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅˆคๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ OR: ใใ‚Œใฏ
08:23
well as social experience.
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ใ€็คพไผš็š„็ตŒ้จ“ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„็ตŒ้จ“ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅˆคๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:44
When I first joined, I knew neither the names of the dances nor the steps.
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸใจใ ใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚‚ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:10
I not only learned a few different dances, but I also had the opportunity to
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใ‚’ๆผ”ใ˜ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
09:15
perform them.
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ใ€‚
09:37
I took roller skating lessons, but didn't reach a really high level.
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ใƒญใƒผใƒฉใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒผใƒˆใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใŒ ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซใฏ้”ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:59
I have neither tried nor even considered surfing.
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็งใฏใ‚ตใƒผใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
10:21
As a girl, I collected stickers, glass bottles, and yo-yos.
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ๅฐ‘ๅฅณๆ™‚ไปฃใ€ใ‚ทใƒผใƒซใ‚„ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚น็“ถใ€ใƒจใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
10:44
As far as drawing went, I was pretty good at looking at a model
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็ตตใ‚’ๆใใ“ใจใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏใ€ ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ
10:48
and copying it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅพ—ๆ„ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:10
I was a cheerleader for eight years, and it helped me: build confidence,
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็งใฏ 8 ๅนด้–“ใƒใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ€
11:14
develop a public speaking voice, stay in shape,
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ไบบๅ‰ใง่ฉฑใ™ๅฃฐใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ€ไฝ“ๅž‹ใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ— ใ€
11:19
and create some great memories.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:43
If I had had the time, I would have continued taekwondo and earned a black belt.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใƒ†ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‰ใƒผใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆ้ป’ๅธฏใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใซ ใ€‚
11:50
Note here how we can omit the auxiliary verbs and make use of
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’็œ็•ฅใ—ใฆไธปๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใฟใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
11:54
only the main verb.
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ใ€‚
12:21
For a short time, I learned how to do tarot card readings,
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ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใฎ้–“ใ€ใ‚ฟใƒญใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใฎ่ชญใฟๆ–นใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ
12:25
although I doubted that I could predict the future
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ใŒ ใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใ‚’ไบˆๆธฌใงใใ‚‹
12:28
or that someone would want me to do a reading for them.
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ใ‹ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใซๅ ใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏ็–‘ๅ• ใงใ—ใŸ.
12:52
It's important to explore new interests because we can get set in our ways
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็งใŸใกใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–น
12:57
and then become fearful of new things.
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ใซๅ›บๅŸทใ—ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŽขๆฑ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™.
13:22
By the time I reach old age, I hope I will have danced enough dances,
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็งใŒ่€ๅนดใซ ใชใ‚‹ใพใงใซใ€ๅๅˆ†ใชๆ•ฐใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’่ธŠใ‚Šใ€
13:26
played enough songs, visited enough places,
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ๅๅˆ†ใชๆ•ฐใฎๆญŒใ‚’ๆผ”ๅฅใ—ใ€ๅๅˆ†ใช ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’่จชใ‚Œใ€
13:30
seen enough faces, and laughed enough laughs.
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ๅๅˆ†ใช้ก”ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ๅๅˆ†ใซ ็ฌ‘ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
13:38
How did you do? Do you feel more comfortable and confident with parallel
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ใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไธฆๅˆ—ๆง‹้€ ใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฟซ้ฉใง่‡ชไฟกใŒๆŒใฆ
13:42
structure? I hope so. Please like and share this
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ใพใ™ใ‹? ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
13:46
video if you found it useful. As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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ใ€‚ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆๅนธใ›ใช็ ”็ฉถใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
13:54
Thank you to all the members of my channel and, you Super and Truly
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็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผ ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใจใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒซใƒผใƒชใƒผ
13:58
Marvelous Members, look out for the next bonus video.
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ใƒžใƒผใƒ™ใƒฉใ‚น ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ ใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚น ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:05
Follow me on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. And try something new!
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Facebookใ€Twitterใ€Instagram ใงใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ
14:10
Download the app Hallo and join me for a live stream.
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ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒช Hello ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆ ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:13
Students can hop on camera and get speaking practice in real time.
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ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซ ้ฃ›ใณไน—ใฃใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใง่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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