Day 19 - Dropping the H - Understanding Fast Speech in English

Welcome to Day 19.

チャレンジ19日目です

We're almost done with our 20-day fast speech challenge.

20日チャレンジも 終わりに近づいてきました

I probably should have told you sooner

ここで初めて言いますが 一番の難関は20日目です

that the biggest challenge will be on Day 20.

But don't worry.

心配いりません

All that we've done so far has prepared you for that final task.

これまでのレッスンで 最終日の準備はできています

English with Jennifer

Did you hear me say, "I should have told you?"

「I shoulduv told you.」と 冒頭で言いました

I said "should have" and what I'm really saying is "should have."

「shoulduv」は 「should have」のことです

It's common to drop the H in "have"

助動詞の「have」を言うとき 「h」はよく脱落します

when we use it as a helping verb.

In my sentence, "have" helps me form a perfect modal.

文法上では「have」が 脱落することはありません

Let's look at other examples.

他の例文３つでも 確認してみましょう

Here are three.

As I read them, I'll drop the H in "have."

「have」の「h」を 落として読みます

It will sound like "of."

「of」に近い音ですが

It's a schwa sound, yes, but it's not the word "of."

弱母音シュワ/ə/の音で 「of」ではないので「uv」とします

I'll write it as "uv." Listen.

聞いてください

Another variation you'll hear is HAVE reducing to a schwa.

もうひとつの言い方は

haveを弱母音シュワ/ə/にして Ｖの音も落とします

Without any V sound, simply /ə/.

/ə/だけの音が 次のように聞こえます

So you'll hear:

Remember these are spoken forms, not written.

書くときには使われません

Don't forget that the helping verbs HAVE, HAS, and HAD

助動詞のhave/has/hadを

all contract in spoken and written speech

現在完了や過去完了の 完了形でつかうときには

when we use them in perfect verb forms,

話すときにも 書くときにも短縮があります

the present perfect and the past perfect.

So for example:

たとえば

I have seen it. / I've seen it.

「I have seen it.」は「I've seen it.」

She has seen it. / She's seen it.

「She has seen it.」は「She's seen it.」

He had seen it. / He'd seen it.

「He had seen it.」は 「He'd seen it.」です

When else do we drop the H? With pronouns.

代名詞のＨも脱落します

Listen.

聞いてください

Call’er.

Call her.

Did'e call?

Did he call?

I told'im to.

I told him to.

To recap, the initial H is dropped in the helping verbs

おさらいです

助動詞have/has/hadでは 「h」の音は脱落します

have, has, and had, but only when they follow another word

「h」が脱落した助動詞は 前の単語にリンキングします

because we need to link.

"I shoulduv" is I should have.

I shoulduv （I should have）

"It's been"...It has been.

It's been （It has been）

We also drop that initial H in the pronouns he, him, her.

代名詞he/him/herの 「h」の音も脱落します

Again, they have to follow another word, so we have linking.

「h」が脱落した代名詞は 前の単語にリンキングします

"Did'e come?" Did he come?

Did'e come? （Did he come?）

So if I start a sentence with "he," for example,

Heから始まる会話では 「h」の脱落は起きません

I won't drop that H.

We also drop the H in "here" when we ask someone,

相手に向けて言う「here」でも 「h」が脱落します

"Come'ere."...Come here.

Come'ere. （Come here.）

Listen closely.

これから私が言うフレーズを 聞き取ってみてください

I'll say a sentence. You try to understand.

You shoulduv told'er.

Whatuv you done?

Didn't (h)e tell you?

I told'im already.

You mightuv told me.

動画の冒頭にもどって 聞き取れるか確認してみましょう

That's all for now.

Thanks for watching and happy studies.

ご視聴ありがとうございました