Grammar: Learn to use REPORTED SPEECH in English

2,061,365 views ใƒป 2015-07-08

English with Ronnie


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi. My name's Ronnie. I'm going to teach you some very, very simple reported speech things.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒญใƒ‹ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:12
If you don't know what reported speech is, welcome to the confusing word... World of
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ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ...
00:17
confusing reported speech and words. Reported speech, maybe when you study it in your class,
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ๆททไนฑใ—ใŸๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใจ่จ€่‘‰ใฎไธ–็•Œใ€‚ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ
00:26
the teacher or whoever, will call it indirect speech. It's the same. So, indirect speech
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ใ€ๆ•™ๅธซใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€้–“ๆŽฅใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ
00:35
or reported speech is exactly the same. Yay. Why or how do we use reported speech? Good
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ใพใŸใฏๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใƒผใ„ใ€‚ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใพใŸใฏๆ–นๆณ• ่‰ฏใ„
00:43
question. We use this to report or to write down what somebody has said.
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่ณชๅ•ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘ŠใพใŸใฏๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:52
If somebody has told you something, this is going to be a quote. A "quote" means you copy
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅผ•็”จใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅผ•็”จใ€ใจใฏ
00:58
the person's words exactly. You have to be really careful not to change their words.
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ใ€ใใฎไบบใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ดฐๅฟƒใฎๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:07
Reported speech or indirect speech is usually only used for writing. So, we don't really
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ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใพใŸใฏ้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏใ€้€šๅธธ ใ€ๆ›ธใ่พผใฟใซใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ
01:14
have to worry about all of these crazy rules when we speak. Whew, thank god. So, we're
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใฎใ™ในใฆใซใคใ„ใฆๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็ฅžใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
01:22
just going to go through the past, the present, and the future. We're going to change quoted
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้ŽๅŽปใ€็พๅœจใ€ใใ—ใฆๆœชๆฅใ‚’้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใ‚ˆใ† ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅผ•็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™
01:29
speech into reported speech. This little chart will help you. If you want to copy down this
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆ ใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
01:38
chart, take a picture of the chart, I guarantee it will make your reported speech grammar
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ใฏใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆ’ฎใฃ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒๆ–‡ๆณ•
01:44
class or grammar learning amazing. Check it out.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใพใŸใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใŒ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฟ่จผใ—ใพใ™. ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใชใ€‚
01:49
So, in the present tense, we have two tenses, we have present simple or simple present and
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ใพใŸใฏๅ˜็ด”็พๅœจ
01:56
we have present continuous. As an example: "She eats lunch." is present simple. This
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ใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:03
is something she does every day. So if I wanted to report or write down this, write this down,
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ใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘ŠใพใŸใฏๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆใ€
02:13
I would use reported speech. So: "She eats lunch." My present simple, what I'm going
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ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸใน ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฎ็พๅœจใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใ€
02:21
to do is I'm going to take my verb "eats", and change it to past simple. So, present
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็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
02:31
simple verb we're going to change to past simple. I would say: "She said she ate lunch."
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ๅ˜็ด”ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’็พๅœจๅฝขใซใ—ใฆ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใจ็งใฏ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:39
In this sentence, "eat" is present simple; in the reported speech, "ate" is my past simple.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ€ใฏ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ้ฃŸในใŸใ€ใฏ็งใฎ้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:48
So, present simple changes to past simple in reported speech.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใฏใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใชๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใซๆ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:54
If I have a present continuous example, this means something the person is doing now...
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็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฎไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใใฎไบบใŒไปŠไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:02
For example: "He is painting." So he's an artist, he's got a paint brush and some paint,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็ตตใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๅฝผใฏ ่Šธ่ก“ๅฎถใงใ€็ตต็ญ†ใจ็ตตใฎๅ…ทใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€
03:07
and he's painting. We have to change this to past continuous. So, if we have "is painting",
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็ตตใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ŽๅŽป็ถ™็ถšๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œis paintingใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
03:18
all we have to do to make this past continuous is change it to "was painting". Present continuous
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ใ“ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’้€ฃ็ถšใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œwas paintingใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝข
03:28
to past continuous, the only thing that changes is our "to be" verb changes from present to
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ใ‹ใ‚‰้ŽๅŽป้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ ใฏใ€ใ€Œto beใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ็พๅœจใ‹ใ‚‰
03:36
past. "He said he was painting."
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้ŽๅŽปใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็ตตใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:40
Moving right along. Or moving back, back to the future. We have present perfect. An example
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ๅณใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆœชๆฅใซๆˆปใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:50
of a present perfect sentence: "He", sorry. "They had a shower." It's about time; they
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใ€ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผใ‚’ๆตดใณใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚ใใ‚ๆ™‚้–“ใ ; ๅฝผใ‚‰
03:56
smell a lot. So, if we wanted to report this or write this down, we would say... Oh, he
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ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใซใŠใ„ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ— ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†
04:05
said... He... Sorry: "They have had". This is strange, "have had". Check this out. Present
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... ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸ. ๅฝผใฏ. ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€ใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็พๅœจ
04:17
perfect is going to change to past perfect. So: "They have had", if we change it to past
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใŒ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œthey have hadใ€ใ‚’้ŽๅŽป
04:26
perfect, we have to change it to "had had". Ronnie, "had had"? Is that true? Yes. This
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œhad hadใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€๏ผŸ ๆœฌๅฝ“๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:36
is right. So, present perfect, "have had", changes to "had" plus PP: "had had". So: "They
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ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎใ€Œhave hadใ€ใฏใ€ ใ€Œhadใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น PP ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œhad hadใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œ
04:46
said they had had a shower." And it's about time, because they're pretty smelly.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผใ‚’ๆตดใณใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‡ญใ„ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚ใใ‚ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:55
The next one: past simple. For example: "He took my photo." In this sentence, your verb
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ๆฌกใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏ็งใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆ’ฎใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹•่ฉž
05:02
is "took". This is a past. So, past simple, present perfect, both of these we have to
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ใฏใ€Œๅ–ใฃใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไธกๆ–น
05:11
change to, again, past perfect. So we're going to change this to:
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ใ‚’้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’
05:17
"They said he had taken my photo."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใŒ ็งใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆ’ฎใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:24
And the last one, past perfect, don't change it. It's cool. It's already done. Past perfect
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฏๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‹ใฃใ“ใ„ใ„ใญใ€‚ ใ™ใงใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข
05:30
you have to change to past perfect, so you don't have to change the grammar in this sentence.
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ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:37
-"They had had a dog." -"They said they had had"-that's crazy again, but it's true-"a
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-ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ -"ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ"-ใใ‚Œใฏ ใพใŸใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™-"็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
05:44
dog." So, if you have a past sentence, present perfect, simple past, or past perfect, all
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ใ€‚" ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎๆ–‡ใ€็พๅœจ ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€ใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
05:55
of these are going to be changed to past perfect. That's easier. "Had" plus the past participle.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œhadใ€ใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ€‚
06:07
You okay?
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06:07
Moving on to the future. We have two future tenses in English. Future simple or simple
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ
ๆœชๆฅใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆœชๆฅ ๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:15
future, which is going to be "will", and we have future "going to". Simple future: "She
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ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใซใชใ‚‹ๅ˜็ด”ใชๆœชๆฅใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜็ด” ใชๆœชๆฅใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ๆœชๆฅใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใชๆœชๆฅ๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณ
06:22
will go." Future "going to": "They are going to play football with their new shoes." Do
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ใฏ่กŒใใ€ Future "going to": "ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ดใงใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚"
06:31
you play football? Future simple: "She will go", all we're going to do is change the verb
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ˜็ด”ใชๆœชๆฅ: "She will go"
06:39
or the modal "will" to "would". So it's going to change to: "She would go". That's cool.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใพใŸใฏๆณ•ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ "will" ใ‚’ "would" ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒShe would goใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ„ใ„ใ€‚
06:48
"Will" changes to "would". That's easy.
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ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใŒใ€Œใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใ€‚
06:52
"They are going to play football." This is future "going to". To make this guy reported
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ๆœชๆฅใฎใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็”ทใซ็™บ่จ€ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใซ
07:00
speech, all we're going to do is change "are" to "were" or "was". Oh, do you know when to
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œareใ€ ใ‚’ใ€Œwereใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œwasใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€
07:10
use "was" and when to use "were"? If it's "I", we use "was". If it's "he", we use "was",
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ใ€Œใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ€Œใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€ŒIใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€Œwasใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œheใ€ใชใ‚‰ใ€Œwasใ€
07:20
and "she" we use "was", and if it's "it". If it's "were", we use "they" and "we".
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ใ€ใ€Œsheใ€ใชใ‚‰ใ€Œwasใ€ใ€ใ€Œitใ€ใชใ‚‰ใ€Œwasใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ "were" ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€"they" ใจ "we" ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:30
Reported speech can be really, really difficult and confusing, but if you can remember one,
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ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ ใ€ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ1ใคใ€
07:40
two, three, four, five easy ways to get this down, you're going to have no problem reporting
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2ใคใ€3ใคใ€4ใคใ€ใพใŸใฏ5ใคใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€
07:50
what somebody has told you. Take care, and report carefully.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅ•้กŒใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€ไธๅฏงใซๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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