University English: Expressions and Vocabulary

750,786 views ใƒป 2015-10-08

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's video, I am going to teach you some very, very useful
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ๅคงๅญฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ ใจใใซไฝฟใ†้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™
00:06
verbs we use when we talk about university. Okay? So if you're going to university, if
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅคงๅญฆใซ้€ฒๅญฆใ™ใ‚‹
00:12
you're taking the TOEFL test or the IELTS test, these words are very, very important,
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€TOEFL ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใพใŸใฏ IELTS ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ
00:18
because they're very common and we use them all the time.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:22
So, to teach you these verbs, I've decided to tell you a true story about a friend of
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็ง ใฎๅ‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅฎŸ่ฉฑใ‚’ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
00:28
mine. My friend's name is Paul, and I'm going to tell you all about his university experience.
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ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒใƒผใƒซใงใ™ ใ€‚ๅฝผใฎๅคงๅญฆใงใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
While I tell you this story, it can help you if you imagine it in your head. Whenever you're
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ใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€้ ญใฎไธญใงๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:42
learning new vocabulary, the more you can visualize or make a mental picture of the
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ–่ฆšๅŒ–ใพใŸใฏใ‚คใƒกใƒผใ‚ธ
00:48
words you're learning, the easier it will be to remember them. Okay? And, if my friend,
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ใงใใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€่ฆšใˆใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใฎ
00:54
Paul, is watching this, I'm sorry, Paul. I'm telling some stories about you, maybe a little
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ใƒใƒผใƒซใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
00:59
personal, so I apologize in advance.
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ใ€ๅ‰ใ‚‚ใฃใฆใŠ่ฉซใณ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:02
Okay, so let's get started about Paul's life and problems at university. All right, so
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฎไบบ็”Ÿ ใจๅคงๅญฆใงใฎๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใฏ
01:09
the first verb I'm going to teach you is "enroll". "Enroll" or "sign up for". These mean the
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œenrollใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€
01:18
same thing and it's where... When you decide to go to university, you enroll in a class
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ใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹... ๅคงๅญฆใซ่กŒใใจๆฑบใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ
01:24
or you enroll in multiple classes. Paul enrolled in four classes. The class we're going to
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็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซ ใฏ 4 ใคใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚น
01:31
be focused on, though, is Psychology 100. Paul enrolls in Psychology 100. Okay? I can
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ใฏๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ 100 ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ 100 ใซ ๅ…ฅๅญฆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
also say: "Paul signs up for Psychology 100." So this means he's decided to take Psychology
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ธใƒผ 100 ใซใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ100ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฑบใ‚ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ๅฝผ
01:47
100, and he's told the university, so now he's in the class. He's enrolled.
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ใฏๅคงๅญฆใซไผใˆใŸใฎใงใ€ ไปŠๅฝผใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅ…ฅๅญฆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:54
So, Paul, at first, was a very good student. He studied very hard. Okay? If you study hard,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆœ€ๅˆใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ„ช็ง€ใช็”Ÿๅพ’ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€
02:03
it means you "hit the books". "Hit the books" means "study hard". So, after Paul enrolled
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๆœฌใ‚’ๆ‰“ใคใ€ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒHit the booksใ€ ใฏใ€Œไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
02:10
in Psych 100, Paul hit the books. Every night he went, he opened his book, and he studied.
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ใŒPsych 100ใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใŸๅพŒใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆœฌใ‚’ๆ‰“ใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฏŽๆ™ฉ ใ€ๅฝผใฏๆœฌใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:17
He hit the books.
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ๅฝผใฏๆœฌใซใถใคใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:20
Then, the professor, the prof "hands out the assignment". So this means the professor of
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ•™ๆŽˆใ€ๆ•™ๆŽˆใฏใ€Œ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’้…ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š
02:28
Psych 100, he gave Paul an assignment. "Here, Paul, I want you to write this essay." Okay?
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฑ100ใฎๆ•™ๆŽˆใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใซ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ•ใฆใ€ ใƒใƒผใƒซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:34
So the prof hands out an assignment. Okay? So the prof gives you work.
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ใใ“ใงๆ•™ๆŽˆใฏ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ•™ๆŽˆใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:42
So, after the prof hands out the assignment, Paul is very stressed. You know, he can't
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ•™ๆŽˆใŒ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’้…ใฃใŸๅพŒใ€ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏ่ชฒ้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใš
02:50
think about the assignment, he's too stressed out about it, so he ends up partying, he,
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็ตๅฑ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผ
02:56
you know, has fun. And then the assignment comes due, which means he has to give the
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ใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ชฒ้กŒใฎ ๆœŸๆ—ฅใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใฏ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
03:01
assignment in, imagine on a Thursday. The night before the assignment is due, Paul decides
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ชฒ้กŒใฎๆœŸ้™ใฎๅ‰ๅคœใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ
03:09
to "pull an all-nighter". "Pull an all-nighter" means you stay up all night to finish something.
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ใ€Œๅพนๅคœใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ "pull an all-nighter" ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไธ€ๆ™ฉไธญ่ตทใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:17
So, for Paul, he did not have his assignment ready. It was not completed, so in order to
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใฏๅ‰ฒใ‚Šๅฝ“ใฆใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹
03:24
get it finished, Paul stayed up all night working on it. So, at 3am, Paul was working
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ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅพนๅคœใงไฝœๆฅญใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅˆๅ‰ 3 ๆ™‚ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ
03:30
at his... On his assignment. At 6am, Paul was working on his assignment. Well, Paul
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅˆๅ‰ 6 ๆ™‚ใซใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅ‰ฒใ‚Šๅฝ“ใฆใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
03:37
finished his assignment because he pulled an all-nighter.
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ใฏๅพนๅคœใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใงไปปๅ‹™ ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใŸใ€‚
03:42
So the next day, he goes to class, and guess what he does? He has his assignment, he's
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็ฟŒๆ—ฅใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ่กŒใใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ๅฝผใซใฏ่ชฒ้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:47
very happy he's finished, he "hands in his assignment". So Paul gives his assignment
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ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้žๅธธใซๅ–œใ‚“ใงใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆ•™ๆŽˆใซ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่ชฒ้กŒ
03:55
to the professor. Paul hands in his assignment. We can also use the word "paper". "Paper"
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ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ด™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ด™ใ€
04:02
is another word for "essay". So, in Psych 100, Paul had to write an essay. We can say:
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ใฏใ€Œใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€Psych 100 ใงใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:08
"Paul wrote a paper", and he handed it in.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ๆธกใ—ใŸ
04:12
So, if you... If we go back a couple steps, the professor hands out something. So, the
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€
04:18
prof hands out. The student hands in. Okay?
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ๆ•™ๆŽˆใฏ้…ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅทฎใ—ไผธในใพใ™ใ€‚
04:25
So what happens to Paul next? Well, Paul got a really good mark on his paper, somehow.
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆฌกใซใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจ ใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใ‹ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅฝผใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใงๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„็‚นใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:30
Paul got an A+, he's really happy, everything's going great. And then he starts thinking:
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ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ A+ ใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅนธใ›ใงใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใฏ่€ƒใˆๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™:
04:36
"You know, instead of going to psych classes, instead of going to psychology classes, I
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ใ€Œใปใ‚‰ใ€ ๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ่กŒใไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ่กŒใไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€็ง
04:42
have more fun going to..." I think he used to go to the pub sometimes, like the bar with
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ใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™...ใ€ ๅฝผ ใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ใƒ‘ใƒ–ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„
04:50
his friends. So he started to "skip class". Paul did not go to class. What he did was...
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹้”ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใฏใ€ŒๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆŽˆๆฅญใซ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏ...
04:56
Instead of going to class, he "cut class" or he "skipped class". Okay? So, Paul cuts
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ๆŽˆๆฅญใซ่กŒใไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€ŒๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
05:04
class, he skips class. This means he's not in class. He should be in class, but instead,
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ใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฝผใŒใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซใ„ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใŒใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Š
05:11
he's at the bar with his friends having fun, and the class is happening; Paul is not there.
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ใซใƒใƒผใงๅ‹้”ใจๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:18
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:19
So, again, these are the verbs I want you to really learn: "enroll", "sign up for",
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„
05:23
"hit the books", "hand out", "hand out an assignment", "pull an all-nighter", "hand in"
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ใ€Œๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
05:32
or "hand in a paper" or "assignment", and "cut/skip class". All right? So, now,
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่ชฒ้กŒใ€ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆ/ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€
05:37
I am going to tell you about what happened to Paul because he started to cut class.
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ใƒใƒผใƒซใŒๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ไธญๆ–ญใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚’ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:44
So, what happens next? The next verb I want to teach you: "fall behind in". "Fall behind"...
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฌกใซ ๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€
05:52
When you fall behind in something, it means that everybody is over here, and you're behind.
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โ€ฆไฝ•ใ‹ใง้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใŒใ“ใกใ‚‰ใซใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้…ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:59
You can't get caught up. So, for example, Paul, because he was partying, he was cutting
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
06:04
class, he skipped class, he missed all these classes so Paul had no idea what was happening
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ๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ใ•ใผใฃ ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ใ•ใผใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ๆฌ ๅธญใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆŽˆๆฅญใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
06:11
in class. Every week he's supposed to read a certain amount. He didn't do any of his
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ใ€‚ ๆฏŽ้€ฑใ€ๅฝผใฏไธ€ๅฎšใฎ้‡ใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅฝผใฎ่ชญๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
06:17
readings. So, he fell behind. So there's too much work for him to do. Everybody is over
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผใฏ้…ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ๅฝผใซใฏใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใฟใ‚“ใช
06:25
here. Paul is behind, and he's trying to... He's behind everybody. So Paul falls behind
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅพŒใ‚ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹... ๅฝผใฏ่ชฐใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅพŒใ‚ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
06:32
in Psych 100. This is really bad at university.
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ใฏใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฑ100ใง้…ใ‚Œใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅคงๅญฆใงใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:36
So what does Paul do when he falls behind? He thinks: "Oh no. I'm behind on my readings.
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ้…ใ‚Œใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใจใใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ๅฝผ ใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„
06:42
I'm behind on my assignments." He starts to go to class, and he starts to get advice,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผ ใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใซ้€šใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’
06:48
he starts to become a better student. He hits the books again. So, because of his effort,
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ๅ—ใ‘ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„็”Ÿๅพ’ใซใชใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผ ใฏๅ†ใณๆœฌใ‚’ใŸใŸใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผใฎๅŠชๅŠ›ใฎใŠใ‹ใ’ใง
06:54
a nice thing happens: he gets "caught up". So if you fall behind, when you get back to
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ใ€่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผใฏใ€Œๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้…ใ‚Œใ‚’ใจใฃใฆ
07:01
where you should be, you get caught up. So imagine if I'm sick and I miss school for
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ใ—ใพใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๆˆปใฃใŸใจใใซ่ฟฝใ„ใคใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็—…ๆฐ—ใงไธ€ๆ—ฅๅญฆๆ กใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰
07:08
a day, when I get to school, I'll ask my friends: "What did I miss?" My friends will help me
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ใ€ๅญฆๆ กใซ็€ใ„ใŸใ‚‰ๅ‹้”ใซ ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’้€ƒใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹้”ใฏ็งใŒ่ฟฝใ„ใคใใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹
07:14
get caught up, so they'll tell me what I missed so we are all at the same level. Okay? So
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ใฎใงใ€็งใŒ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ๅŒใ˜ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
07:20
we're no longer behind. If you get caught up, you're at the same level as everybody else.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚‚ใ†้…ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ไป–ใฎไบบใจๅŒใ˜ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
07:26
So, Paul got caught up. He tried really hard, he hit the books, he got caught up, but then
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅŠชๅŠ›ใ— ใ€ๆœฌใซใถใคใ‹ใ‚Šใ€ๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
07:33
he started to skip class again, and he started to cut class again. He stopped doing his assignments,
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ๅ†ใณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ๅ†ใณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ— ใŸ. ๅฝผใฏ
07:39
he stopped doing his homework, and what happened? He fell behind again. Okay? So now Paul is
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ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ๅฝผใฏใพใŸ้…ใ‚Œใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไปŠใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ
07:46
back in a bit of a problem; in a difficult situation. So there's a couple of things Paul
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸๅ•้กŒใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใช็Šถๆณใงใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
07:53
can do now. He can leave the course. Okay? So this means he can quit the course. He can
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ใŒไปŠใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’้›ขใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ Psych 100 ใ‚’็ต‚ไบ†ใงใใพใ™ใŒ
08:00
quit Psych 100, no more Psych 100. Good bye. He's not going to do it anymore. We call this
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠ Psych 100 ใ‚’็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’
08:06
"withdraw from the course". Okay? We can also call this "drop a course". So this means when
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ้€€ไผšใ€ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
08:14
you leave a course before you finish it. You drop out, you quit the course.
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’้›ขใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธญ้€€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:20
Paul doesn't want to withdraw from the course. Paul doesn't want to drop Psych 100. So these
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ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ’ค้€€ใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ Paul ใฏ Psych 100 ใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
08:27
two things mean the same thing. He doesn't want to. He thinks: "You know what? I've done
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2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆฌกใฎ
08:32
it once before. I've tried. I can get caught up again. I fell behind before, I got caught
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:37
up. I've fallen behind again, I can get caught up again."
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ใพใŸใ€‚"
08:43
But the problem is Paul is a little bit of a lazy student. So instead of doing what he
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ€ ๆƒฐใชๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚
08:48
should, Paul does something a little bad. Not a little bad; very bad. I didn't mean
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ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆœฌๆฅใ™ในใใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ‚ชใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฒใฉใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—
08:54
to say that. As a teacher, very, very bad. Paul "plagiarizes". "Plagiarize". "Plagiarize"
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ใŸใ€‚ ๆ•™ๅธซใจใ—ใฆใ€้žๅธธใซๆ‚ชใ„ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ€Œ็›—ไฝœใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็›—ไฝœใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ‰ฝ็ชƒใ€
09:03
is when you don't do the work, you get somebody else to do the work. So, for example, Paul
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ใจใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ›ใšใ€ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซ
09:11
gives money to somebody else to write his paper. Or, Paul reads a book, and he writes
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ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใŸใ‚ใซไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€ใใฎๆœฌใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซๆ›ธใ
09:18
exactly what the book says. This is plagiarism. Okay? So, if you plagiarize, you don't do
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฝ็ชƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็›—ไฝœใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ
09:26
your own work; you copy somebody else, either their words, their ideas. You copy somebody
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ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚„ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ็œŸไผผ
09:33
else, or you pay somebody to do your work for you. That's plagiarism. So it means it's
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ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฝ็ชƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œ
09:38
not your work.
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไป•ไบ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:40
So what does Paul do? Paul's stressed. He decides to plagiarize his paper. And again,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผ ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’็›—็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
09:46
"paper" means "essay". So Paul does not write the paper. In this case, he gives... I think
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ใ€Œ็ด™ใ€ใฏใ€Œใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใฏ...
09:53
he copied an essay from the internet, he bought an essay online, he copied it. So he plagiarized.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใงใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใฏ็›—ไฝœใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:03
He hands in his paper to the professor, so he gives his paper to the professor, and the
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ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ•™ๆŽˆใซๆๅ‡บใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆ•™ๆŽˆใซ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆ•™ๆŽˆ ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ
10:08
professor realizes there's something wrong with his paper. The professor does an online
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่ซ–ๆ–‡ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ•™ๆŽˆใฏใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ
10:13
search, and sees: "Wait a second. Paul didn't write this paper. Somebody else wrote this
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ๆคœ็ดขใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€ใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒใƒผใƒซใŒ ใ“ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ“ใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ—
10:18
paper." So now Paul is in very, very big trouble. Okay? Huge trouble at the university.
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ใŸใ€‚ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไปŠใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใซ็›ด้ขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅคงๅญฆใงๅคง้จ’ใŽใ€‚
10:26
Now, Paul was very lucky. Luckily, the professor was a very nice professor, and just gave Paul
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅนธ้‹ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅนธใ„ใชใ“ใจใซใ€ใใฎๆ•™ๆŽˆ ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใชๆ•™ๆŽˆใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใซใ‚ผใƒญใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ ใ‘
10:34
a zero. So Paul got a zero on that paper. But what can happen if you plagiarize is you
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ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใใฎ็ด™ใงใ‚ผใƒญใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€็›—ไฝœใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
10:40
can be "expelled" or "kicked out". So these have the same meaning, and it's where the
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ใ€Œ่ฟฝๆ”พใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่ฟฝๆ”พใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€
10:47
university says: "Good bye. We don't want you here. Leave." Okay? So if you're kicked
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ๅคงๅญฆใŒ่จ€ใ†ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™:ใ€Œใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใฆใปใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ‡บใฆ่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฟฝใ„ๅ‡บใ•
10:53
out or expelled, you're going to be very, very sad. Okay? You can't go to university
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ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š่ฟฝๆ”พใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ‚ฒใ—ใใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅคงๅญฆใซใฏ่กŒใ‘
11:02
anymore. The university does not want you there. You've been kicked out.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅคงๅญฆใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฟฝใ„ๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:08
So, luckily, that didn't happen to Paul, but in our example, just so you can see the word:
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ๅนธใ„ใชใ“ใจใซใ€Paul ใซใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒ ใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€
11:16
"The university expels Paul." Okay? The university kicks Paul out. Okay? And then Paul is like
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ใ€Œๅคงๅญฆใฏ Paul ใ‚’่ฟฝๆ”พใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅคงๅญฆ ใฏใƒใƒผใƒซใ‚’่ฟฝใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏใ“ใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜
11:24
this. Actually, Paul became very successful. This was his first year, his freshman year.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅคงๆˆๅŠŸใ‚’ๅŽใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅนดใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใฎ1ๅนด็”Ÿใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:31
Afterwards, he learned how to be a good university student. He never plagiarized again. He never...
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€ๅฝผใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๅคงๅญฆ็”Ÿใซใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏไบŒๅบฆใจ็›—ไฝœใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ...
11:39
Well, he fell behind a couple more times, but he always managed to get caught up. He
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆ•ฐๅ›ž้…ใ‚Œใ‚’ใจใฃใŸ ใŒใ€ๅธธใซ่ฟฝใ„ใคใใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸ. ๅฝผ
11:44
hit the books, he studied real hard, and so Paul actually did really well, and now he
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ใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€็†ฑๅฟƒใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ ใƒใƒผใƒซใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆˆ็ธพใŒ่‰ฏใใ€ไปŠใง
11:49
has a really high-paying job. So, good job, Paul. Very proud of you. So that's Paul's
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ใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜็ตฆใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ใƒใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚่ช‡ใ‚Šใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใŒใƒใƒผใƒซใฎ
11:55
story about university.
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ๅคงๅญฆใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
11:57
So, I'm going to give you some homework. I want you to hit the books. I want you to use
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌใ‚’ๅฉใ„ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ
12:02
these words, and I want you to write about either your experience at university or maybe
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ใ€ๅคงๅญฆใงใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
12:08
somebody you know. One of the best ways to learn words is actually to make a story up
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆๆ›ธใ„ใฆใปใ—ใ„. ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
12:14
using them, because it helps you remember the words a lot better. Okay? So your homework:
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅฎฟ้กŒ:
12:19
Make a story using these words and the other verbs I've taught you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจ ็งใŒๆ•™ใˆใŸไป–ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
12:24
about you or somebody you know.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚„ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:27
You can also come... Hit the books, and come to our website where you can do a quiz where
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™... ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
12:33
you can practice these words. I promise you don't have to pull an all-nighter to succeed
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใง ๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅพนๅคœใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใจ็ด„ๆŸใ—ใพใ™
12:37
at this quiz. So come by, you know, you can practice the definitions/meanings of these
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. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฎš็พฉ/ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
12:43
words, and see some more examples of how we can use them. So, I hope you visit us at www.engvid.com.
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ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:52
And I will be seeing you later.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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