express MAKING CHANGES - Join the ๐Ÿ”ดLIVE Lesson - English Addict - Wednesday 10th APRIL 2024

2,142 views ใƒป 2024-04-11

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

03:44
If my mother was here now,
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใฎๆฏใŒไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ
03:46
she would say, it is dirty,
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ๆฑšใ„ใ€
03:49
it is a dirty day.
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ๆฑšใ„ๆ—ฅใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
03:52
That is what she would say because we are having grey,
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็ฐ่‰ฒ ใงๆ›‡ใ‚Šใ€้ขจใŒๅผทใใ€้›จใฎๅคšใ„ๅคฉๆฐ—ใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆ
03:57
cloudy, windy, wet weather.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:01
And my mom would always say that that type of weather
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎๆฏใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅคฉๆฐ—
04:05
means the day is very dirty.
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ใฏใใฎๆ—ฅใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฑšใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:08
So we are having a dirty, dirty day here in England today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงๆฑšใ„ใ€ๆฑšใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
Here we are again.
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ใพใŸใพใŸๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:15
English addict is back with you.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:17
Coming to you live from the birthplace of the English language,
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่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ€
04:22
which is you know where it is.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใธใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
It is England
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใ™
04:34
and it is England, everyone.
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใ™ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:39
That is where I am right now.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠ็งใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:41
I am here in England, live on YouTube.
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็งใฏใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซใ„ใฆใ€YouTube ใงใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:45
This is not a recording.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้Œฒ้Ÿณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:48
Unless, of course, you are watching the recording.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€้Œฒ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:50
But this now, right now at 2:06
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€
04:54
o'clock on a Wednesday afternoon, it is English with myself.
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ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒ 2 ๆ™‚ 6 ๅˆ†ใ€็ง่‡ช่บซใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
05:00
Hi, everybody.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:01
My name is Mr. Duncan. How are you today?
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:04
Are you okay?
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:05
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
05:06
Are you happy?
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ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:08
I hope you are feeling good today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
I'm not too bad.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ‚ชใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:11
Even though the weather is really horrible.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใฒใฉใ„ๅคฉๆฐ—ใชใฎใซใ€‚
05:13
I wanted to go for a walk this morning, but it's windy.
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ไปŠๆœๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€้ขจใŒๅผทใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:17
We are having loads of rain.
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้›จใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:19
Between you and me, I am absolutely fed up
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ใ“ใ“ใ ใ‘ใฎ่ฉฑใ€
05:25
of the
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05:25
rain because we seem to be having a lot of rain.
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้›จใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“้™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใฎใงใ€็งใฏ้›จ
ใซใฏ ใ™ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:29
I can't wait for the lovely, long, dry days of summer.
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้•ทใใฆไนพใ„ใŸๅคใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชๆ—ฅใ€…ใŒๅพ…ใกใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:35
To be honest with you, my name is Duncan
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใงใ™
05:38
and I am a fan of the English language.
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ใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
05:43
You might say that I am an English addict
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
05:46
and I have a feeling maybe, perhaps you are one of those as well.
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ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใใฎไธ€ไบบใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
Here we are again.
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ใพใŸใพใŸๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:53
Can I say a big hello to the YouTube algorithms?
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YouTube ใฎใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ดใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
05:57
Once again, I can almost hear
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ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใงใฏ ๅ†ใณ
06:01
those computers
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎ้Ÿณ
06:03
in California.
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ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใฆใใใ†ใงใ™ ใ€‚
06:05
Those computers are all going.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฏใ™ในใฆ็จผๅƒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:07
No, Mr. Duncan.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:08
No, no, no, No one is going to see you.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:14
Thank you very much.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:15
Once again to YouTube and the lovely algorithms.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ YouTube ใจใใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ดใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:19
Here we are again, English addict.
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ใพใŸใพใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:22
Thank you for joining me.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:25
It's very nice to see you.
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ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:26
I know what you're going to say, Mr. Duncan.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:30
You have to do more to promote your YouTube channel.
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YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’ๅฎฃไผใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅŠชๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:34
I don't know what else I can do, to be honest with you.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ไป–ใซไฝ•ใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:37
I really don't know.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:39
Anyway, enough of that. I'm here.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใใ‚Œใงๅๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:42
You're here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
06:43
And that, I suppose, is all that matters.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฎใ™ในใฆใ ใจ็งใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:46
For those who are looking for my new YouTube
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็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใธ
06:49
channel, I have had some problems with it, so it has vanished.
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ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใŒๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:54
I have another plan.
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ๅˆฅใฎ่จˆ็”ปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:58
All will be revealed
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ใ™ในใฆใฏ ไปŠๅพŒๆ•ฐๆ—ฅใง
07:00
over the next couple of days.
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
07:03
Hello to the live chats, Hello
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ใ€‚ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ€
07:06
to Vitesse and also Beatrice.
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒ†ใƒƒใ‚ปใ€ใใ—ใฆใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใธ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ ใ€‚
07:09
You were both first on today's live chat.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใฏใŠไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ๆœ€ๅˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:19
How do you like the race
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–
07:21
that that always happens at the start of today's or any live
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฎ้–‹ๅง‹ๆ™‚ใซๅฟ…ใš็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใ‚’ๆœ€้€Ÿใงๆ“ไฝœใ™ใ‚‹
07:25
stream is when we try to get the fastest finger on the mouse.
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็ซถไบ‰ใ‚’ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ใ€‚
07:30
So today we have Vitesse and also
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒ†ใƒƒใ‚ปใจ
07:33
Beatrice as well.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ‚‚ๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:37
Hello also to he is here.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:40
Luis Mendez is here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
Hello, Louis.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ€‚
07:45
Nice to see you. Also.
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ไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€‚
07:46
Christina is here.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:49
We also have a maurits.
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ใƒžใ‚ฆใƒชใƒƒใƒ„ใ‚‚ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
Hello to you as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
07:53
Thank you for joining me today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:55
Claudio is here as well.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:58
Alexandro Hello, Alexandro, Nice to see you here as well.
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ใ‚ขใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒญ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒญใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:04
I am looking at the live chat right now.
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ไปŠใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
If you want to say hello, if you want to say hello, Mr.
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ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
08:10
Duncan, maybe it is your first time.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๅˆใ‚ใฆใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:15
Maybe you have never, ever typed
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงไฝ•ใ‚‚
08:19
anything on the live chat before.
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ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
08:23
Perhaps it is your first time.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใฏๅˆใ‚ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:26
Don't be shy. Give it a try.
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ€‚่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ€‚
08:29
You never know.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
08:30
You might actually enjoy it.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:33
And I know what it feels like because sometimes
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็งใ‚‚
08:36
I also watch live streams of different things.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
08:40
Live events
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ใ€‚
08:43
like the eclipse.
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ๆ—ฅ้ฃŸใชใฉใฎ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆ
08:46
Did you see that?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚Œ่ฆ‹ใŸ๏ผŸ
08:47
Did you see the live coverage all over the Internet?
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ไธญ็ถ™ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
08:52
Hundreds of thousands of people were watching the eclipse.
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ไฝ•ๅไธ‡ไบบใ‚‚ใฎไบบใ€…ใŒๆ—ฅ้ฃŸใ‚’่ฆณๅฏŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:57
It came, it went.
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ๆฅใŸใ€่กŒใฃใŸใ€‚
08:59
Some people said that the end of the world
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ไธ–็•Œใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒ
09:02
would occur.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:04
Guess what?
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ไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ†๏ผŸ
09:06
It did it.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:08
We're still here to enjoy all of this.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใŸใ‚ใซใพใ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:13
Hello. Also Evandro.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใ‚ใจใ‚จใƒดใ‚กใƒณใƒ‰ใƒญใ‚‚ใ€‚
09:16
Hello, Evandro here as well.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒดใ‚กใƒณใƒ‰ใƒญใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:20
So please let me know.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:23
Say something on the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงไฝ•ใ‹่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:26
Maybe you can say hello.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:29
Mr. Duncan.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:30
It's okay. I think that's good.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:33
That's a good thing to say, to be honest with you.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:36
I am here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:37
We have an interesting subject change.
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่ฉฑ้กŒใฎๅค‰ๆ›ดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:41
Choo choo choo choo choo.
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ใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒใƒฅใƒผใ€ใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒใƒฅใƒผใ€‚
09:43
Changes express
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚‚็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏๅธธใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
09:46
the change due to changing
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changes
09:50
as things change all the time, even the English language.
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ใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ ่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ
09:55
You may not even realise it because over the years
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้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ
09:58
English has changed as a language.
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่จ€่ชžใจใ—ใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:03
Lots of things change the way words are used.
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œๆ–นใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:06
Certain words come into fashion
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆต่กŒใ—
10:09
and other words slowly disappear.
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ใ€ไป–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจๆถˆใˆใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:13
They vanish without a trace.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่ทกๅฝขใ‚‚ใชใๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:17
A bit like me on YouTube.
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YouTube ใฎ็งใซๅฐ‘ใ—ไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:19
When you think about it.
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่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐใ€‚
10:21
So we are talking about change,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ€
10:23
the way in which things can change, alter
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
10:27
maybe the appearance of something,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅค–่ฆณใ€
10:30
maybe the shape, maybe the height of something,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฝขใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๆทฑใ•ใ€
10:35
maybe the depth of something,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅ…จ้•ทใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
10:39
maybe the whole length of something.
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ใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ• ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:44
You could make it longer.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้•ทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:45
You could make it shorter.
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็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:47
You can make it higher, you can make it deeper.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:52
All of those things we are talking about today
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซ
10:55
with the subject of making change is
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่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ™ในใฆ ใ€ไบบ็”ŸใซใŠใ„ใฆ
11:00
and I think sometimes in life I think it is good
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใŒ
11:05
to make changes.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:07
We don't like it.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:08
So that is another truth of life.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไบบ็”Ÿใฎใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
11:11
We don't like change, but sometimes
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็งใŸใกใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ๅฅฝใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏ
11:15
it is good to make changes.
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:18
It keeps everything new, fresh, exciting,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆ–ฐใ—ใใ€ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใซใ€ๅˆบๆฟ€็š„ใซไฟใกใพใ™ใ€‚
11:24
maybe something you've
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
11:26
always wanted to try and you've been afraid of doing it.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:29
Maybe you want to change a certain thing about yourself.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:34
Perhaps you want to change your style of clothing.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆœใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:37
Maybe you want to wear something bright
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ ใฆใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€
11:41
and colourful,
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ ใ‚’็€ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
11:44
something like that.
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ใ€‚
11:45
Perhaps make a change to your house.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:48
Maybe.
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ๅคšๅˆ†ใ€‚
11:49
Maybe you can make a change to your routine
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๆ—ฅไธญใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง
11:53
the way you do things during the day.
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ใƒซใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
11:56
So I think making changes is a good thing.
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ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:01
Changing anything.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
12:03
In fact, that is what we are talking about today.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:08
Hello, Idris.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
12:10
Idris, hello to you.
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ใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒชใ‚นใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
12:13
Nice to see you on the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:15
Proving that I do say hello,
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็งใŒๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ€
12:21
Give it a try.
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่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:22
You never know.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
12:23
You might enjoy it. Don't forget it.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:25
If you like this, please give me a lovely like because.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็ด ๆ•ตใชใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:29
Well, to be honest with you, I'm not going to lie.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:33
I'm a bit desperate.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ็ตถๆœ›็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:36
I'm in a desperate situation.
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็ตถๆœ›็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซ้™ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:38
No one wants to be in a desperate situation
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่ชฐใ‚‚็ตถๆœ›็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซ้™ฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
12:42
and it is not something I normally mention, but
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ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆ™ฎๆฎต่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
12:44
I am in a desperate situation trying new things.
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็งใฏ็ตถๆœ›็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:51
Hopefully those new things will work.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:55
Sometimes you have to change things because you need a change of direction.
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ๆ–นๅ‘่ปขๆ›ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใŸใ‚ใซใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:01
Maybe the thing you are doing isn't very good,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใพใ‚ŠไธŠๆ‰‹ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€
13:05
or maybe the thing you are doing is not interesting.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ้ข็™ฝใใชใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’
13:09
So you have to try and make it
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใช
13:12
a little more exciting.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠชใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
13:16
Hello, Rene.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใƒใ€‚
13:18
Rene Parade back home.
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ใƒซใƒใƒปใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒผใƒ‰ๅธฐๅ›ฝใ€‚
13:21
I hope I pronounce your name correctly.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:24
Rene. Yeah.
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ใƒฌใƒใ€‚ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:25
Big hello to you.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
13:27
Thank you very much for joining me.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:29
Angela as well.
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ใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ธใ‚งใƒฉใ‚‚ใ€‚
13:31
Good afternoon, Mr. Duncan. Hello, Angela.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ธใ‚งใƒฉใ€‚
13:34
Nice to see you here on the live chat as well.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:38
Thank you very much. Do not be shy.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:41
Give it a try or else you will make Mr.
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ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใ‚ใ‚ˆใ€ใ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใจ
13:44
Duncan cry.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๆณฃใ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
13:46
We are looking
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็งใŸใกใฏ
13:47
at the way things have changed.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚’ ่ฆณๅฏŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
13:50
We are looking at the way things can change.
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:55
Something you can do perhaps to change part of your life.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใŸใซใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
14:00
A lot of people these days I have noticed something
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบ ใŒ ไปฅๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ
14:03
that people are doing a lot
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ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
14:06
more than they used to.
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ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:08
And this is not just women, but also men as well.
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅณๆ€งใ ใ‘ใงใฏใชใใ€็”ทๆ€งใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:12
They are changing their face.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ก”ใคใใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:17
It's true.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:19
Now, one thing I've always said,
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
14:22
one thing I've always thought of when I think about getting older,
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ๅนดใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใซใ„ใคใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใŒใ€
14:27
I don't think I will ever have cosmetic surgery
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็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้ก”ใฎๅฝขใ‚„ๅค–่ฆณใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็พŽๅฎนๆ•ดๅฝขใชใฉใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
14:31
or anything to change the shape or the appearance of my face.
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ใ€‚
14:36
But I have noticed these days a lot of people are because, well,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใ†ใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ
14:40
certainly from from my own experience of living here in England,
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹็ง่‡ช่บซใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
14:47
it is possible now to have cosmetic surgery in many places
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ไปŠใงใฏๅคšใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใง็พŽๅฎนๆ•ดๅฝขใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
14:54
so you don't
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14:54
just have to go to a special hospital or a special doctor.
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ใฎใงใ€
็‰นๅˆฅใช็—…้™ขใ‚„็‰นๅˆฅใชๅŒปๅธซใซ่กŒใๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:58
You can actually go to many places now
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅคšใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใ
15:01
and they will do things to make your appearance.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไฝ“่ฃใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
15:05
Look,
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€
15:07
I was going to say better,
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใฃใฆ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใŸ
15:09
but I don't think it always makes your face look better.
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ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ„ใคใ‚‚้ก”ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚
15:13
I suppose one of the big trends at the moment
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ไปŠใฎๅคงใใชใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไธ€ใคใŒ
15:16
is to inject Botox.
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ใƒœใƒˆใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นๆณจๅฐ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:25
I'm I'm coughing at the moment.
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็งใฏไปŠๅ’ณใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:27
It's just a moment. I will be back.
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ใปใ‚“ใฎไธ€็žฌใงใ™ใ€‚ๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:30
I'll be back in a sec.
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ใ™ใใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:30
I'm sure I'm on the way out.
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็ขบใ‹ใซๅค–ๅ‡บไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
16:33
I think so.
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ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:34
Maybe I should see a doctor.
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ๅŒป่€…ใซ่จบใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
16:37
Well, that was that was interesting.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใง้ข็™ฝใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
16:40
I'm very sorry about that.
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ๅคงๅค‰็”ณใ—่จณใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:42
I had a little tickle in my throat,
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ๅ–‰ใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ใใ™ใใฃใŸใ„ใงใ™
16:46
but at least we got to see the cowls.
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ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒซใฏ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:49
As I was saying, just before my throat rudely interrupted me.
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ใใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ–‰ใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใง็„ก็คผใซไธญๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:55
A lot of people
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹
16:56
these days are making changes to their appearance.
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ไบบใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
16:59
Their face.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ้ก”ใ€‚
17:01
The face is something that I suppose is very public.
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้ก”ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒ‘ใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:06
When you walk out, everyone can see what you look like.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆง˜ๅญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:09
But a big trend at the moment is to have Botox
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็พๅœจใฎๅคงใใชใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฏใ€
17:13
injections in your face to make it look well.
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้ก”ใซใƒœใƒˆใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นๆณจๅฐ„ใ‚’ใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใŒ่‰ฏใ
17:18
I want to say that some people think it makes them
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ใชใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™
17:21
look better, but to be honest with you, I don't think it does.
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ใŒใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏใใ†ใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:25
We have a great phrase in English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:28
Sometimes it is good to grow
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏๅ„ช้›…ใซๅนดใ‚’้‡ใญใ‚‹ใฎใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
17:32
old gracefully.
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ใ€‚
17:35
If you grow old gracefully,
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็พŽใ—ใๅนดใ‚’้‡ใญใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
17:37
it means you are growing old with a little bit of dignity.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ๅฐŠๅŽณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๅนดใ‚’้‡ใญใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
17:41
So you are not trying to hide your age.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅนด้ฝขใ‚’้š ใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:45
So maybe, maybe,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
17:47
perhaps some people don't want to do that.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
17:50
They want to try and hold back
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ€่€ใ‘ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’
17:53
the appearance of getting older.
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ใชใ‚“ใจใ‹ๆŠ‘ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
17:56
To be honest with you, it doesn't really worry me too much.
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ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:00
I suppose my biggest fear is health.
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็งใฎๆœ€ๅคงใฎๆๆ€–ใฏๅฅๅบทใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:05
So if my health
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅนด้ฝขใ‚’้‡ใญใฆๅฅๅบท็Šถๆ…‹
18:07
got worse or became worse
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ใŒๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—
18:09
as I grew older, then I would definitely be worried.
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ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€้–“้•ใ„ใชใๅฟƒ้…ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:14
But as far as my appearance is concerned, I'm
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใฎๅค–่ฆ‹ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใ€
18:16
not too worried if I was honest with you and yes,
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ‚Œใปใฉๅฟƒ้…ใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ†ใ€
18:20
I am 60 next year, I still can't believe it.
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็งใฏๆฅๅนด60ๆญณใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:24
I was saying to Mr.
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18:24
Steve the other night, I can't believe that next year,
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ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
ใ•ใ‚“ใซ ใ€ไปŠๅนดใงใฏใชใๆฅๅนดใ€ๆฅๅนดใ€2025 ๅนดใซ็งใฏ 60 ๆญณใซใชใ‚‹
18:28
not this year, but next year, 2025, I will be 60.
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ใชใ‚“ใฆไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใจ ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
18:33
And it doesn't feel like it.
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ใ€‚
18:35
I don't feel his.
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ๅฝผใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:37
If I am approach in 60, if I was honest with you,
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็งใŒ60ๆญณใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใจใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€
18:40
it doesn't feel like it at all.
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ใพใฃใŸใใใ‚“ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:45
Can I say hello to you?
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ใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:47
Christina. Hello, Christina.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
18:49
Nice to see you here as well.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:51
Yes, I'm feeling all right now.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไปŠใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
18:53
I don't know what happened.
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:54
My throat was very dry.
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ๅ–‰ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ไนพใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:56
One of the problems with doing this in
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ็’ฐๅขƒ
19:00
this type of environment is
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ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅ ดๅˆใฎๅ•้กŒใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
19:02
quite often your throat will become very sore
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎ็†ฑใฎใŸใ‚ใซ
19:06
and very dry because of the heat in the room.
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ๅ–‰ใŒ้žๅธธใซ็—›ใใชใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซไนพ็‡ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
19:11
Anyway, enough about that.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:14
My new channel has been delayed, but
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็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใฏ้…ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
19:16
I will actually be posting some new videos here
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ
19:21
on my YouTube channel, the one you are watching now.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆŠ•็จฟใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ ใ€‚
19:25
So all of the new lessons that I was going to put on my new channel,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใ ใฃใŸๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ™ในใฆใ€
19:30
I will now be putting on this channel
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่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ„ไบบใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
19:35
to make it easier for those who want to find them.
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
19:39
So that is what I will be doing.
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
19:42
Hello to Podcasts by Krish.
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Krish ใฎใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใธใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
19:45
Hello Krish.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚ทใƒฅใงใ™ใ€‚
19:46
Nice to see you here.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:48
What type of podcast do you do?
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็จฎ้กžใฎใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
19:51
Is it a particular subject?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎไธป้กŒใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
19:53
And this is the big thing nowadays a lot of people are doing podcasts.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏไปŠๆ—ฅๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงๅคงใใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆ
20:00
When we think of
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใ
20:01
podcasts, we often think of a short thing,
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็Ÿญใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€
20:05
a short discussion conversation.
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ใคใพใ‚Š็Ÿญใ„ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๆตฎใ‹ในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:09
Quite often it is just audio.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹้Ÿณๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚
20:12
So there is no picture, just audio.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็”ปๅƒใฏใชใใ€้Ÿณๅฃฐใฎใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
20:15
So you will listen to a podcast.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:19
However, nowadays, of course, because video and live streaming
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใŒ
20:24
is so popular, especially on sites like this one,
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้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็‰นใซใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏใ€
20:30
you will find a lot of people now do their podcasts in vision as well.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใงใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚‚่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:35
So not only can you hear the person or the people, you can see them as well.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎไบบใ‚„ไบบใ€…ใฎๅฃฐใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
20:40
And there are many very popular
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YouTube ใซใฏ
20:44
podcasts on YouTube.
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้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:49
Thank you very much.
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20:49
Hello, Nihar. Nihar.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒใƒซใ€‚ใƒ‹ใƒใƒผใƒซใ€‚
20:52
Who says Happy,
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ€
20:56
Happy?
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใฃใฆ่ชฐใŒ่จ€ใ†ใฎ๏ผŸ
20:57
To you as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚‚ใ€‚
20:59
Who else is here today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
21:02
Duty Statee.
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็พฉๅ‹™ๅทžใ€‚
21:05
Hello. Duty.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚็พฉๅ‹™ใ€‚
21:06
That is a very interesting name.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๅๅ‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
21:08
Hello to you.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
21:09
Thank you for joining as well.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:12
No, I am not doing any podcasts.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใฏใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:14
Yes, I only give my name.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๅๅ‰ใ ใ‘ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
21:16
I only gave that name to my channel.
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็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:19
Well, maybe you could start a podcast.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:22
Maybe you could do something.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:24
A lot of people are.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:25
It's become very popular.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:27
All you need is a microphone and a computer.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใฏใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใจใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:30
And one of these.
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎใ†ใกใฎ1ใคใ€‚
21:34
And that's it.
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ไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚
21:35
Really?
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ
21:36
How can I learn to speak English?
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ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
21:39
Well, I have some great new videos
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€
21:44
coming up very soon, all about learning English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใ„ใใคใ‹็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
21:49
For those who are learning, those who are starting
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่‹ฑ่ชž ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€
21:54
or beginning their journey
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่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใฎไธ–็•Œใธใฎ
21:57
into the world of learning English.
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ๆ—…ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใพใŸใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
22:02
So that is what is going on on my channel.
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ไบบใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:05
And that is a very good way of improving your English.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:09
Listen,
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่žใ„ใฆใ€
22:10
learn, and also don't be afraid
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ๅญฆใณใ€ใใ—ใฆ ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจ
22:14
to speak as well.
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ใ‚‚ๆใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
22:17
Listen, learn, speak
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่žใ„ใฆใ€ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ€่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Š
22:21
or listen, read, learn and speak.
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ใ€่žใ„ใฆใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€ๅญฆใ‚“ใง่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€‚
22:27
Quite often when you're learning something,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€
22:29
you find that certain ways of doing it
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฎใปใ†ใŒ
22:34
will be more suitable for you.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:37
So some people might like to learn in a particular way, a certain type
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅญฆใณใŸใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐ
22:42
of way, whilst others might choose a different way
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ใ€ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใ‚„ๆ–นๆณ• ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
22:47
or a different method.
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ใ€‚
22:50
So it does
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
22:53
depend on your own situation.
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ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎ็Šถๆณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:56
So we have today's subject coming up
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ใใ“ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ญฐ้กŒใŒๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใŒใ€
22:59
and we have also some discussion
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใ€่‹ฅใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ
23:02
about making changes, changing young things.
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ใ‚‚่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹
23:08
What do we use in English when we are talking about
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ใฎๅฝขใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ€้ซ˜ใ•ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ€
23:13
changing the shape, changing the height,
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่ฆ‹ใˆๆ–นใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
23:17
changing the way something appears?
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
23:20
All of that coming up in a moment.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใŒใ™ใใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
24:46
We have had so much rain and to be honest with you,
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้›จใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“้™ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€
24:50
I'm a little bit fed up of the rain.
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้›จใซใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
24:53
I can't wait until summer arrives in the
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ๅคใŒๆฅใฆ ็ง‹
25:01
autumn and
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ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅพ…ใกใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
25:06
welcome
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ใ€‚
25:09
English addict
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…
25:11
is with you right now live on YouTube.
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ใŒ YouTube ใงใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
25:15
2:26 o'clock.
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2ๆ™‚26ๅˆ†ใ€‚
25:18
As I stand here in my little studio
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็งใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซ็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
25:22
in much Wenlock in England, thank you very much for joining me today.
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ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:27
We have a big subject now.
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ไปŠใ€ๅคงใใชไธป้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:30
This might be a subject
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
25:31
that a lot of people are interested in, something that we all have to do.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„
25:36
I would say quite often in life, we often have to make changes.
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ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ไบบ็”ŸใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:42
And I think change is something that is constant.
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ใใ—ใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใจใฏๅธธใซ็ถšใใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:47
The word constant that means ever present,
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ๅฎšๆ•ฐใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ๅธธใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€
25:51
something that is always around, it is constant.
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ๅธธใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ไธ€ๅฎšใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:55
It is something that is always there.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
25:58
Change and life
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ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ
26:02
quite often go together because every day
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ€ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€
26:05
there is a new challenge, something you have to do, something
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ๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
26:09
you have to change, something you have to alter.
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:14
So that is what we are talking about today.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
26:16
We are talking about making changes.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:22
And I suppose the first thing I should do is talk about the word itself.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใ™ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰่‡ชไฝ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:26
So when we talk about making changes,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
26:29
you might change something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:33
The first word change,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
26:36
you might alter something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:40
If you alter something, it means you are making something different.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
26:46
You are maybe changing something in a certain way.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:50
You change that thing, you alter that thing.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
26:55
Perhaps you have an item of clothing that is too big or too small.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ๅคงใใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฐใ•ใ™ใŽใ‚‹่กฃ้กžใ‚’ใŠๆŒใกใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:01
You have to make changes so it will fit you.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๅˆใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:06
We alter
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็งใŸใกใฏ ๆœใ‚’
27:08
the clothes, amend.
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ๅค‰ใˆ ใ€ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:12
Amend also means change.
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Amendใซใฏๅค‰ๆ›ดใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:15
Maybe you are changing something you are unhappy with,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธๆบ€ใ‚’ๆŠฑใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€
27:19
maybe something you want to correct
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ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ
27:22
or maybe something you want to put right.
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ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:25
You amend that thing.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:28
We have redesign.
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ๅ†่จญ่จˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:31
Redesign means to make something
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ๅ†ใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณใจใฏ ใ€ๆ”นๅ–„ใจใ—ใฆ
27:34
look different quite often as an improvement.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ ป็นใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
27:38
So we often think of something being improved
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ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ ป็นใซ
27:43
when we redesign something
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ๅ†่จญ่จˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€
27:46
quite often with technology, you will often find
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™
27:49
technology is always being redesigned.
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ใ€‚ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฏๅธธใซๅ†่จญ่จˆใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:54
It is changed, it is improved, which is the next word.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
28:00
To improve something is to change.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
28:03
Normally for the better, you are improving something.
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้€šๅธธใ€่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๅ‘ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:09
And finally, you might refigure to refigure
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๅ†ๆง‹ๆˆใจใฏใ€
28:14
is to make changes to put one thing in a different place.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ้…็ฝฎใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
28:21
Maybe you will move things around.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:23
You will swap things over
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ†ๆง‹ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ—ใพใ™
28:26
to refigure something.
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ใ€‚
28:30
You are making something different.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:32
You are making it look different.
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้•ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
28:35
You are making changes.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:39
There are many ways of
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
28:42
expressing certain types of change.
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ใ€‚
28:46
For example, we have a lesson now.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไปŠใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:51
The sound of this word
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้Ÿฟใใฏใ€
28:54
does sound like a period of learning
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใ‚’ๅญฆใถๆœŸ้–“
28:58
a lesson is a period of learning.
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ใŒๅญฆ็ฟ’ๆœŸ้–“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
29:02
However, if you look here, the spelling is very different to lesson
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
29:07
something is to decrease.
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ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฏๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™
29:10
You are making something less, to make
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใชใใ—ใ€
29:13
less, you lesson something,
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ—ใ€
29:17
you reduce the amount or the number
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ
29:22
of something you lesson.
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้‡ใพใŸใฏๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
29:25
Maybe you are in pain and you take some medicine
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใฆใ€็—›ใฟใ‚’ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่–ฌ
29:29
or some tablets to lessen the pain.
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ใ‚„้Œ ๅ‰คใ‚’ๆœ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:34
You are trying to make that pain go away,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ“ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
29:37
or at least you are trying to make that pain
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใใฎ็—›ใฟใ‚’
29:41
less than it is.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ปฝใใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
29:44
And then of course we have the opposite, which is increase.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใฎ้€†ใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
29:49
So to increase is a type of change
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅข—ๅŠ ใจใฏ
29:52
where you make something more,
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ€
29:56
you increase something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ ใจใ„ใ†ไธ€็จฎใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™
29:59
So again, it is a type of change
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ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
30:03
to lessen is to make less to increase
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ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใฏๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ€ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจ
30:08
is to make more.
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ใฏๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
30:10
Maybe you increase your productivity,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็”Ÿ็”ฃๆ€งใŒๅ‘ไธŠใ™ใ‚‹
30:15
maybe you work harder, you increase,
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ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็†ฑๅฟƒใซๅƒใใ€็”Ÿ็”ฃๆ€งใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:20
maybe you lessen your pain,
431
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็—›ใฟใŒ่ปฝๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
30:24
maybe you have a pain in your neck or in your back
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็งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ้ฆ–ใ‚„่ƒŒไธญใซ็—›ใฟใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
30:28
like I do.
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ใ€‚
30:30
You want to make it less
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ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
30:33
so. Those are types of change.
435
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ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
30:36
Here's another one shrink.
436
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใŒใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค็ธฎใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
30:39
Shrink to shrink something.
437
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ธฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใซใฏ็ธฎๅฐใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:44
Maybe it will shrink it will become smaller.
438
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰็ธฎใ‚“ใงๅฐใ•ใใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:51
It can happen.
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ๆœ‰ใ‚Šใ†ใ‚‹ใ€‚
30:52
Even parts of your body sometimes can shrink,
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ไฝ“ใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏ็ธฎใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ€
30:58
grow.
441
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ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:00
Something becomes larger,
442
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคงใใใชใ‚Šใ€
31:03
shrink becomes smaller.
443
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็ธฎใฟใŒๅฐใ•ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:06
The change is
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใจใฏ
31:10
that grow.
445
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ๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
31:14
Is that the opposite?
446
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้€†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
31:16
Something grows, something gets larger.
447
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆˆ้•ทใ—ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใ€‚
31:20
Maybe a person will grow
448
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ไบบใฏ
31:23
as they mature, a person will grow a beard,
449
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ๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆๆˆ้•ทใ—ใ€ใฒใ’ใŒ็”Ÿใˆใ€
31:29
maybe your features will change because of something you've done.
450
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใซ้ก”็ซ‹ใกใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:34
You might grow a moustache on your face.
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้ก”ใซๅฃใฒใ’ใŒ็”Ÿใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:42
Something might shrink.
452
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็ธฎใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:45
Maybe you have a big boil on your neck,
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้ฆ–ใซๅคงใใชใŠใงใใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
31:49
but over time it will get smaller, it will shrink,
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐใ•ใใชใ‚Šใ€็ธฎๅฐใ—ใ€
31:53
it will become less and less.
455
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ใพใ™ใพใ™ๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:57
They are both types of change.
456
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
32:03
Reduce to reduce means to
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ใƒชใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใจใฏใ€ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใง
32:06
make less, you reduce something.
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ€ใ‚’
32:10
There are many ways of expressing reduce
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่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
32:14
to make less.
460
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ใ€‚
32:17
Maybe you reduce the amount of hours that you work.
461
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:22
Maybe you work 20 hours a week.
462
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้€ฑใซ20ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
32:26
Imagine that.
463
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ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใ‚ใ€‚
32:28
But you want to reduce the amount of hours
464
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“
32:32
that you work to 12, which sounds good to me.
465
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ใ‚’ 12 ๆ™‚้–“ใซๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
32:36
I have to say, maybe you need to work more.
466
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅƒใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:40
Maybe you have to work longer.
467
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้•ทใๅƒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
32:43
Then you will increase that thing.
468
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
32:46
You will work more, you will work longer.
469
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅƒใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้•ทใๅƒใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
32:52
So reduce means to make less
470
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€reduce ใจใฏ็”Ÿ็”ฃ้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
32:56
and increase, make more.
471
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ใ€increase ใจใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ็”Ÿ็”ฃ้‡ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:00
They are both types of change
472
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠไฝŽใ„
33:04
which can occur in life
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ไบบ็”Ÿใง่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใงใ™
33:08
lower.
474
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ใ€‚
33:09
You can lower something,
475
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้ซ˜ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚„้ซ˜ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’
33:12
something that is maybe too high or too tall.
476
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ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
33:17
You might lower that thing.
477
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:21
You can also lower the amount of money
478
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ†
33:25
you pay someone
479
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้‡‘้กใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
33:26
for their work or you lower that thing.
480
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ใ—ใ€ใใฎ้‡‘้กใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
33:30
You make it less.
481
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใฎใฏใ‚ใชใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
33:32
To lower something is to make something
482
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
33:36
less than it was.
483
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ไปฅๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐใ•ใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:39
You might also decrease the height of something.
484
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใ‚’ไฝŽใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
33:43
So something is very tall and you want to make it shorter.
485
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็Ÿญใใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
33:48
You lower something, you make it
486
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€
33:53
less high.
487
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้ซ˜ใใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:56
The opposite, of course, is heighten.
488
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใฎ้€†ใฏ้ซ˜ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:00
You heighten something,
489
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
34:02
you increase the height of that thing.
490
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ใใฎ็‰ฉใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:06
You make that thing higher or taller, you make it
491
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ—ใŸใ‚Š้ซ˜ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
34:13
much higher or much lower,
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ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ้ซ˜ใใ—ใŸใ‚ŠไฝŽใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
34:19
higher, lower,
493
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้ซ˜ใใ€ไฝŽใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
34:22
you lower something,
494
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝŽใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
34:24
you heighten something,
495
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
34:28
you make it higher
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ
34:32
is another one.
497
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ใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
34:33
Shorten you shorten something,
498
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
34:38
you decrease the length.
499
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้•ทใ•ใŒ็Ÿญใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:41
So something that long and something that you want to make shorter,
500
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใจ็Ÿญใใ—ใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’
34:47
you shorten something.
501
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็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
34:51
We can also talk about time as well.
502
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ๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
34:54
Time can be long or short,
503
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฏ้•ทใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Š็Ÿญใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
34:58
so maybe you want to work for less time.
504
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿญใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใงๅƒใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:03
Maybe you don't want to do your work all the time.
505
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:06
Or maybe you are always feeling tired.
506
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚็–ฒใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:09
You can shorten your work hours.
507
2109223
4438
ๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
35:14
You make that thing less
508
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3587
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹
35:19
quite often as well.
509
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้ ปๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆธ›ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:20
We will talk about length, the length of something.
510
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3653
้•ทใ•ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:24
You can shorten that thing, you can make it shorter.
511
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4371
ใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
35:30
Lengthen
512
2130377
1819
Lengthen ใฏ
35:32
is to increase the length of something.
513
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚’ไผธใฐใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
35:35
You make something longer,
514
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3003
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้•ทใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
35:38
you increase the length, you increase
515
2138953
4137
้•ทใ•ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
35:43
how long something is.
516
2143991
3003
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:47
And again, I suppose you can lengthen the time that you are doing something.
517
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5105
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้•ทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:52
Maybe in the morning you like to go for a swim at the local swimming pool.
518
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ๆœใ€ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใงๆณณใŽใซ่กŒใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:56
Maybe you will lengthen the amount of time
519
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใใฎใ“ใจใซ่ฒปใ‚„ใ™
36:00
that you spend doing that thing,
520
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้•ทใใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€
36:04
shorten something length and something
521
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3687
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹
36:08
to make something shorter, to make something
522
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ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
36:11
longer,
523
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้•ทใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็‹ญใ‚ใŸใ‚Š
36:17
you might
524
2177024
2035
ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
36:19
narrow something.
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Narrow ใฏ
36:20
So this might sound strange because Narrow can also describe
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅค–่ฆณใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅ‹•ไฝœใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚
36:24
the appearance of something, but also as an action.
527
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
36:29
You can narrow something
528
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ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็‹ญใ‚ใฆ ๅน…ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจ
36:32
to reduce the width.
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ใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
36:35
So when we look at things normally, we normally have height,
530
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ™ฎ้€šใซ็‰ฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€้ซ˜ใ•ใ€
36:39
length and width.
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้•ทใ•ใ€ๅน…ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:43
So if you want to reduce the width of something, you make it
532
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅน…ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅน…ใ‚’
36:48
narrow or you make it narrower.
533
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็‹ญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅน…ใ‚’็‹ญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:52
So narrow can also be used
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soNarrow ใฏใ€
36:55
as a verb to make something less wide
535
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅน…ใ‚’ๅˆถ้™ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅน…ใ‚’ ็‹ญใใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ
37:01
to limit the width of something.
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ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
37:05
So maybe a road is too wide,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้“่ทฏใŒๅบƒใ™ใŽใ‚‹
37:08
so you have to make it narrower.
538
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ใŸใ‚ใ€้“่ทฏใ‚’็‹ญใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
37:12
You will narrow that thing
539
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็‹ญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
37:18
widen is the opposite.
540
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ๅบƒใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใใฎ้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚
37:21
So maybe something is too narrow, maybe it is
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็‹ญใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใฏ
37:24
too narrow With the width
542
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็‹ญใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ ๅน…
37:28
you have to make it wider so you widen something.
543
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ใ‚’ๅบƒใใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
37:33
You change that thing from narrow
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็‹ญใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰
37:37
to wide, you widened
545
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ๅบƒใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซๅค‰ใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
37:40
that thing, you make it wider.
546
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅบƒใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:45
Also, we can say that
547
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ใพใŸใ€
37:47
you widen something when you are increasing the area.
548
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้ข็ฉใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™
37:52
So for example, if you are searching for a missing person,
549
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่กŒๆ–นไธๆ˜Ž่€…ใ‚’ๆœ็ดขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
37:58
maybe there is a person missing and you are trying to find them.
550
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ่กŒๆ–นไธๆ˜ŽใฎไบบใŒใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
38:02
Maybe you are only looking in one place.
551
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€ใ‹ๆ‰€ใ ใ‘ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:04
Well, perhaps you need to widen the search.
552
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๆคœ็ดข็ฏ„ๅ›ฒใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:10
That means you are looking over a larger area.
553
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅบƒใ„็ฏ„ๅ›ฒใ‚’่ฆ‹ๆธกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:14
So you increase the width, you widen
554
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅน…ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใ€
38:19
the search, you are looking
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ๆคœ็ดข็ฏ„ๅ›ฒใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใ€
38:23
in a much larger area for something
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ ๅบƒใ„็ฏ„ๅ›ฒใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
38:28
is another one extend.
557
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ๆŽขใ™ ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:31
And this is a thing that is often
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
38:34
talked about when we are talking about making changes to a house.
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ๅฎถใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ
38:37
So in the UK, a lot of people like to extend their house.
560
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ใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑ้กŒใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฎถใ‚’ๅข—็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
38:44
They will make their house larger sometimes they will add
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎถใ‚’ๅคงใใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
38:49
something on the side and sometimes they will add something on the top.
562
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ๅด้ขใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไธŠใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:54
They will extend the house, they will make their house larger.
563
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎถใ‚’ๅข—็ฏ‰ใ—ใ€ๅฎถใ‚’ๅคงใใใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
39:00
So to extend something is to make it longer.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅปถ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้•ทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
39:04
You extend something,
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ๆกๆ‰‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€
39:08
you might extend your arm towards your friend
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ๅ‹้”ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ่…•ใ‚’ไผธใฐใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
39:13
because you want to shake their hand.
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ใ€‚
39:17
Would you like to shake my hand?
568
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ๆกๆ‰‹ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
39:19
I will extend my my arm towards you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ่…•ใ‚’ไผธใฐใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:24
So to reach out is also extend
570
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅทฎใ—ไผธในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
39:29
to increase
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็‰ฉ็†็š„ใช้•ทใ•ใพใŸใฏๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’
39:30
physical length or duration of time.
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ๅปถ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ ใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:34
So when we talk about time, it is possible to extend
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
39:39
the time that you do something.
574
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅปถ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
39:42
For a good example would be this live stream.
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่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
39:46
So imagine if my live stream was only 20 minutes long.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฎ้•ทใ•ใŒใ‚ใšใ‹ 20 ๅˆ†ใ ใฃใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
39:52
Maybe I could
577
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’
39:54
extend my live stream
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1 ๆ™‚้–“ใ‹ 2 ๆ™‚้–“ใซ ๅปถ้•ทใ—ใฆ
39:57
to one hour or 2 hours
579
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ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅปถ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚
40:01
so you can extend something with time as well.
580
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ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†
40:06
You can extend the amount of time
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅปถ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
40:09
that you do something for,
582
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
40:12
something we quite often do
583
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้•ทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใซ
40:15
when we want to express making something longer.
584
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ใ‚ˆใ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
40:20
And then of course, we have the opposite, which is Shorten.
585
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใฎ้€†ใ€Shorten ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:23
To shorten something is to make it less long
586
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง
40:27
and you make it shorter to make something shorter,
587
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
40:33
to decrease physical length or duration of time.
588
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็‰ฉ็†็š„ใช้•ทใ•ใพใŸใฏๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
40:37
So of course I can also make my live stream shorter,
589
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
40:42
I can shorten my live stream.
590
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
40:46
Maybe some people say Mr.
591
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€1ๆ™‚้–“ใฏ้•ทใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจ
40:48
Duncan, one hour is too long.
592
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่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
40:51
We can't sit here and watch you for one hour.
593
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ๅฎˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
40:54
Mr. Duncan. We have better things to do.
594
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
40:58
I can't
595
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใฏไฟกใ˜
40:59
believe you would say that, but some people might.
596
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ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
41:03
However,
597
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ใŒใ€ใใ†ๆ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
41:08
for those who find my lesson too long,
598
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็งใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒ้•ทใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ๆ–นใซใฏใ€
41:12
you might want me to shorten the lesson.
599
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
41:15
So instead of one hour, I will do 30 minutes.
600
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ใชใฎใงใ€1ๆ™‚้–“ใงใฏใชใ30ๅˆ†ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:20
Maybe I will shorten my lesson.
601
2480558
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
41:23
I will make it shorter.
602
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็Ÿญใใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
41:25
I will decrease the length
603
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้•ทใ•ใ‚’ๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ•ใ› ใฆใ€้•ทใ•ใ‚’
41:28
so length can be described
604
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้ซ˜ใ•ใ€ ๅน…ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“
41:31
as distance height,
605
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ๆทฑใ•ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ไธ‹ๆ–นๅ‘
41:35
width and of course
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ใจๆ™‚้–“ใฎ่ท้›ขใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚
41:38
depth as well going downwards
607
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่จ˜่ฟฐใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™
41:42
and time as well.
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ใ€‚
41:45
So all of those things can be lengthened
609
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎไฝœๆฅญใฏ ใ€
41:49
or shortened depending on the situation you are in.
610
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4288
็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆๅปถ้•ทใพใŸใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
41:55
Maybe you need more time,
611
2515426
1968
ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
41:57
maybe you only require a little bit of time.
612
2517394
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ใปใ‚“ใฎๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
42:02
So you want less time to do something.
613
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3787
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
42:06
Here we go.
614
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550
ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
42:07
I did mention this just deep, so you might go
615
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆทฑใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใง่ฟฐในใŸใฎใงใ€ไธŠใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
42:10
up, but you can also go down as well to go
616
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ใŒใ€ ๅœฐไธ‹ใ‚„ๅœฐไธ‹ใซ
42:14
maybe into the ground or under the ground.
617
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่กŒใใŸใ‚ใซไธ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
42:19
You go down deep
618
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆทฑใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏๆทฑใๆฝœใ‚Šใ€
42:23
to deepen something,
619
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆต…ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏ
42:26
to make something less shallow.
620
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ๆทฑใ้™ใ‚Šใฆใ„ใใพใ™
42:29
So when we think of shallow, we mean something that is not very deep.
621
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆต…ใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆทฑใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:34
So maybe if your swimming pool
622
2554982
2886
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ—ใƒผใƒซ
42:37
is not very deep, you might need to deepen the pool,
623
2557868
5822
ใŒใใ‚Œใปใฉๆทฑใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆทฑใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:43
which means to make it deeper than it is now,
624
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3904
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซ ใ‚’ไปŠใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑใใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
42:48
to deepen something,
625
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆทฑใใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ
42:52
to increase the physical
626
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2369
็‰ฉ็†็š„ใชใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
42:54
of something.
627
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1352
ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
42:55
Something is deep.
628
2575836
1868
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆทฑใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:57
A thing is deep.
629
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏๅฅฅใŒๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
42:59
It goes down a very long way
630
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„่ท้›ขใ‚’้€ฒใ‚“ใงใŠใ‚Š
43:02
and we can measure how deep something
631
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3270
ใ€ ๆทฑใ•ใ‚’ๆธฌๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€
43:06
is by measuring the depth.
632
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3003
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆทฑใ„ใ‹ใ‚’ๆธฌๅฎšใงใใพใ™
43:09
Depth is the measurement
633
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ใ€‚ๆทฑใ•ใฏ
43:12
of how deep something is
634
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใฉใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆๆทฑใ„
43:16
to deepen something
635
2596656
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ใ‹ ใ‚’ ๆธฌๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใง ใ‚ใ‚Š
43:19
quite often with subjects as well.
636
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2469
ใ€ไธป้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
43:21
A subject can be deep.
637
2601945
2986
ไธป้กŒใฏๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:25
Maybe if you are talking about a subject that involves a lot of information,
638
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5672
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ไธป้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใฎ
43:32
you might say that that
639
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1701
็‰นๅฎšใฎไธป้กŒใฏ้žๅธธใซๆทฑใ„
43:33
particular subject is very deep.
640
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3554
ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆทฑใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใงใ™ใญใ€‚
43:38
It is a deep subject.
641
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ใ“ใ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:43
Here's a good one.
642
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868
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŒ
43:44
This is what I could do with this is one that I need
643
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3119
้ ป็นใซใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹
43:47
quite often to energise.
644
2627403
3304
ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€็งใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
43:50
If you energy wise, it means you make more lively.
645
2630957
4137
ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’่ณขใใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใใจใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
43:55
You introduce energy to something,
646
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹
43:59
or of course you charge up something.
647
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3687
ใ‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:02
Perhaps you have to charge up your phone.
648
2642702
3003
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
44:07
Maybe your phone is running low on power,
649
2647273
4521
ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใฎ้›ปๅŠ›ใŒไธ่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
44:12
so you have to energise your phone.
650
2652245
4020
ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:16
You have to put power into your phone
651
2656632
3003
ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆดป็™บใซ ใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
44:19
so it will work
652
2659719
2886
ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
44:22
to make more lively to introduce energy.
653
2662605
4938
ใ€‚
44:27
So energy can also be excitement.
654
2667543
3003
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฏ่ˆˆๅฅฎใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
44:31
Maybe if you are excited about something you can become
655
2671247
3587
ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
44:36
energised.
656
2676368
1769
ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
44:38
You might be excited about my new lessons that are coming up.
657
2678137
3720
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚‹็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
44:44
You are excited.
658
2684293
2936
่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
44:47
Here's another one.
659
2687229
1802
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:49
Phil Phil
660
2689031
2970
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซ
44:52
f i l l Phil
661
2692001
3720
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒซใซ
44:56
introduce one thing into another
662
2696138
3003
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
44:59
to Phil something.
663
2699975
3003
ใ€‚
45:03
For example, you might decide
664
2703362
3003
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
45:08
to fill your mug with water.
665
2708434
4804
ใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใซๆฐดใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:13
So maybe you have some water and you fill
666
2713839
3003
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฐดใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€
45:18
the cup with water
667
2718243
2052
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
45:20
to introduce one thing into another.
668
2720295
2820
ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ๆฐดใง ๆบ€ใŸใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:23
So you are making changes because you are putting one thing into something else.
669
2723115
5222
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซ็ต„ใฟ่พผใ‚€ใŸใ‚ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
45:28
You fill the cup with water
670
2728787
2986
ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใซๆฐดใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹
45:32
and then of course we have the opposite, which is empty.
671
2732708
3753
ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใฎๅๅฏพใฎ็ฉบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:37
You empty something.
672
2737062
2869
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ฉบใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:39
So maybe I pour the water out,
673
2739931
4271
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใŸใถใ‚“็งใฏๆฐดใ‚’ๆณจใŽใ€
45:44
I pull the water out of the mug,
674
2744736
3671
ใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฐดใ‚’ๆŠœใใ€
45:48
I pour it away,
675
2748857
2986
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆณจใŽใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆ
45:51
it is gone.
676
2751943
1819
ใใ‚Œใฏใชใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:53
The cup is now empty.
677
2753762
2436
ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใฏ็ฉบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
45:56
My mug has no water
678
2756198
2786
ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ ใ€็งใฎใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—
45:58
inside it, unfortunately.
679
2758984
3003
ใซใฏๆฐดใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:02
So to fill something, to introduce one thing into another.
680
2762854
3754
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅŸ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
46:07
Maybe you fill up your car
681
2767242
3003
่ปŠ
46:10
with petrol, you fill in something.
682
2770562
3937
ใซใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณใ‚’ๆบ€ใ‚ฟใƒณใซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ……ๅกซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:14
Maybe you have to write something down on a piece of paper in a particular place.
683
2774799
5005
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹็ด™ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:19
You fill in something.
684
2779804
3270
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅŸ‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
46:23
Maybe you have to fill in
685
2783675
2052
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ็”ณ่ซ‹ๆ›ธ
46:26
an application
686
2786745
1017
ใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
46:27
form, something you have to write on.
687
2787762
3003
ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:31
You fill in that thing.
688
2791216
2986
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅŸ‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:34
And of course, if you are filling something
689
2794385
3187
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅŸ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
46:38
you are putting one thing into another.
690
2798072
3003
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:41
You are filling a bucket with water
691
2801643
3637
ใƒใ‚ฑใƒ„ใซๆฐดใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆ
46:46
and then the opposite empty to take one thing from another,
692
2806864
4271
ใ€ๅๅฏพๅดใฎๆฐดใ‚’็ฉบใซใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใฎใงใ™
46:51
you empty out something
693
2811486
3003
ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
46:54
you are emptying that thing
694
2814489
4054
็ฉบใซ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
46:58
to empty your cup, to
695
2818876
2987
ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’็ฉบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
47:02
empty a bucket.
696
2822914
3003
ใƒใ‚ฑใƒ„ใ‚’็ฉบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
47:06
You are removing the contents
697
2826367
2770
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎ็‰ฉใ‹ใ‚‰
47:09
from that thing.
698
2829137
2986
ไธญ่บซใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
47:13
Here's another one
699
2833241
1351
ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ
47:14
wet and dry you might find
700
2834592
3320
ใ€ๆฟกใ‚ŒใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใจไนพใ„ใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใฎ ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™
47:17
sometimes if your clothes are wet,
701
2837912
3120
ใ€‚ๆœใŒๆฟกใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
47:21
you will have to dry them.
702
2841582
3003
ไนพ็‡ฅใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
47:24
To dry something is to take away the moisture
703
2844885
4021
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไนพ็‡ฅใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆฐดๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Š
47:29
you are taking away the moisture.
704
2849256
2586
ใ€ๆฐดๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
47:31
You don't want that thing to be wet.
705
2851842
2903
ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏๆฟกใ‚ŒใŸใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
47:34
You want it to be dry.
706
2854745
2353
ไนพใ„ใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
47:37
So you will you will dry something in the sun.
707
2857098
3353
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅคฉๆ—ฅใงไนพ็‡ฅใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:41
You can your clothes outside
708
2861085
2986
่กฃ้กžใ‚’ๅค–ใซ
47:44
dry, take away the moisture.
709
2864205
2719
ๅนฒใ—ใฆๆนฟๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใพใ™ใ€‚
47:46
You are changing
710
2866924
1168
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๆ„Ÿ่งฆใ‚’
47:49
the feel of something
711
2869059
2336
ๆฟกใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ไนพใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซ
47:51
from being wet to dry.
712
2871395
3003
ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
47:55
You dry out something.
713
2875232
3003
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไนพ็‡ฅใ•ใ›ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:58
So quite often here in the UK, if we are lucky during the summer
714
2878302
4254
ใ“ใ“่‹ฑๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€ๅคใฎ้–“ใฏ้‹ใŒ่‰ฏใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
48:02
we can hang our washing outside
715
2882556
3003
ๆด—ๆฟฏ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅค–ใซๅนฒใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
48:05
and it will dry in the sun.
716
2885709
3003
ใ€ๅคฉๆ—ฅใงไนพใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
48:10
You can also wet something as well.
717
2890147
3637
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
48:17
You can wet something,
718
2897087
1518
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ™ใ€
48:18
you introduce moisture,
719
2898605
3003
ๆนฟๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ€
48:21
you moisture in something,
720
2901792
2719
ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆนฟๆฐ—ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€
48:24
you're moist and that thing you dampen
721
2904511
3554
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆนฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใฎ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆนฟใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹
48:28
that thing to make something wet.
722
2908332
3470
ใจไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆฟกใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
48:32
Maybe you go out in the rain
723
2912886
2369
้›จใฎๆ—ฅใซๅค–ๅ‡บใ—ใฆ
48:35
and you get wet.
724
2915255
2286
ๆฟกใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
48:37
Maybe someone pours water over you.
725
2917541
3870
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆฐดใ‚’ๆณจใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:41
So they will take some water and they will pour the water over you.
726
2921895
5155
ใใ“ใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฐดใ‚’ๆฑฒใฟใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใใฎๆฐดใ‚’ๆณจใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
48:47
They wet you,
727
2927417
2786
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€
48:50
you can wet something by making it wet.
728
2930203
3504
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
48:54
So as you can see, the thing that is wet
729
2934574
3003
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆฟกใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ
48:57
may have been made wet by wetting it.
730
2937944
3771
ๆฟกใ‚‰ใ—ใฆๆฟกใ‚ŒใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:03
You might wet the bed.
731
2943033
2169
ใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚’ใŠใญใ—ใ‚‡ใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:05
If you are young babies
732
2945202
2218
ๅนผใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฏ
49:07
quite often will wet themselves.
733
2947420
3087
ใŠใญใ—ใ‚‡ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:11
If you do a wheelie in your nappy or your
734
2951074
3103
ใŠใ‚€ใคใ‚’ใ—ใŸใพใพใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒชใƒผใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
49:15
you wet yourselves.
735
2955245
2819
ใŠใญใ—ใ‚‡ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€‚
49:18
That is a big change and
736
2958064
3003
ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงใใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
49:22
something that hasn't happened to me for a long time.
737
2962902
3003
้•ทใ„้–“็งใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
49:26
Age. Here's another one change.
738
2966823
3670
ๅนดใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๅค‰ๆ›ดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:30
We are talking about words that express change.
739
2970493
3754
ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่กจใ™่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:34
Age is something that happens.
740
2974814
3437
ๅนด้ฝขใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
49:38
Not only is it how old you are, but also the process
741
2978768
5222
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ๆญณใ‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
49:44
as well of ageing
742
2984440
2753
่€ๅŒ–ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใฎใง
49:47
so everyone will age you, me,
743
2987193
5706
ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ€็งใ‚’ใ€
49:54
him over there, Everyone will age to grow older,
744
2994334
5255
ใ‚ใใ“ใฎๅฝผใ‚’่€ๅŒ–ใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒๅนดใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใ€
50:00
to mature, to make something older as well.
745
3000106
6023
ๆˆ็†Ÿใ—ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่€ใ‘ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅนดใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:06
A good example would be, I suppose, wine and cheese
746
3006462
5039
่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใฏใ€ใƒฏใ‚คใƒณใจใƒใƒผใ‚บ
50:11
is both of those things. Age.
747
3011501
4321
ใŒใใฎไธกๆ–นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅนดใ€‚
50:16
So you might decide that you want to make some nice cheese.
748
3016539
3720
ใใ“ใงใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:20
You will put it somewhere in a dark, cool place
749
3020526
3337
ๆš—ใใฆๆถผใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใŠใ
50:24
and over time that thing will age.
750
3024313
3604
ใจใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆ่€ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
50:28
So we are talking about a change that is taking place.
751
3028417
4588
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
50:34
And of course we have the opposite.
752
3034173
1952
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใฎ้€†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:36
If you want to make yourself look young, if you want to feel young, if you want to
753
3036125
6156
่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’่‹ฅใ่ฆ‹ใ›ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฅใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’ ่‹ฅใ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹
50:42
maybe wear some fashionable clothing to make yourself
754
3042281
3771
ใŸใ‚ใซใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒ–ใƒซใชๆœใ‚’็€ใŸใ„
50:46
look younger, which
755
3046052
3002
ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
50:49
you might use an your self to use,
756
3049572
4621
่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
50:54
it is to feel or appear younger.
757
3054193
4071
ใใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฅใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ‚Šใ€่‹ฅใ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
50:58
To restore you will use.
758
3058964
3003
ๅพฉๅ…ƒใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:02
It isn't an easy thing to do, and there are a lot of people who promise
759
3062268
3954
ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่‹ฅ่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ
51:06
that they can make you younger.
760
3066572
3003
็ด„ๆŸใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
51:10
To be honest, it's not easy.
761
3070743
2886
ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:13
I always say that sometimes
762
3073629
3086
็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏ
51:17
it is a good idea to
763
3077232
3003
ๅ“ๆ ผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๅ„ช้›… ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹
51:21
gracefully
764
3081970
3003
ใฎใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
51:25
with dignity.
765
3085090
2219
ใ€‚
51:27
I think so.
766
3087309
1735
ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:29
Although unfortunately it isn't easy
767
3089044
2503
ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‹ใ‚‰
51:31
to restore your youth
768
3091547
2986
่‹ฅใ•ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๆˆปใ™ใฎใฏ
51:35
from your appearance.
769
3095017
1718
็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
51:36
But maybe the way you behave, maybe your character can be young.
770
3096735
4855
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ๆ–นใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ๆ€งๆ ผใŒๅนผใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:41
And we all know someone who has a very young character.
771
3101974
3520
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€้žๅธธใซ่‹ฅใ„ๆ€งๆ ผใ‚’ๆŒใคไบบใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:45
They have a very youth,
772
3105944
2102
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่‹ฅใ€…ใ—ใใ€
51:49
youthful character.
773
3109031
3003
่‹ฅใ€…ใ—ใ„ๆ€งๆ ผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:53
Here's another one.
774
3113101
2236
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
51:55
We will be going soon.
775
3115337
2269
ใ™ใใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
51:57
Smarten something.
776
3117606
2702
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ณขใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:00
You can smarten a thing.
777
3120308
3037
็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
52:03
You can improve, renew or make neater.
778
3123729
5905
ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใใ‚Œใ„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
52:10
You are improving the way something appears.
779
3130035
3737
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ่ฆ‹ใˆๆ–นใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
52:14
You smarten something.
780
3134206
2986
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ณขใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:17
Maybe your house is old and falling to pieces.
781
3137559
3720
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใฏๅคใใฆๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:21
Maybe the outside of the house needs painting.
782
3141279
3003
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๅฎถใฎๅค–ๅฃใฎๅก—่ฃ…ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:24
So you will smarten
783
3144849
2486
ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฎถใŒใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใซใชใ‚Š
52:27
the house, You make it look better.
784
3147335
2670
ใ€่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚‚่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:30
Too smart and something maybe your own appearance is not very good.
785
3150005
4437
้ ญใŒ่‰ฏใ™ใŽใฆไฝ•ใ‹่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅฎนๅงฟใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:34
Maybe you are always wearing old clothes.
786
3154442
3003
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅค็€ใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:38
So one day you decide to go to the shops and buy some new clothes.
787
3158046
4805
ใใ“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆœใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
52:43
You smarten your appearance, you improve your appearance,
788
3163384
5339
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅค–่ฆ‹ใ‚’ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใซใ—ใ€่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใ€
52:49
you renew your repair irons,
789
3169123
3003
ไฟฎ็†ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒญใƒณใ‚’ๆ–ฐใ—ใใ—ใ€
52:52
you make yourself neat and tidy.
790
3172577
4638
่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใใกใ‚“ใจๆ•ดใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
52:59
And then, of course, the opposite of smarted is ruin.
791
3179234
5121
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใฎๅๅฏพใฏ็ ดๆป…ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:04
So you ruin something.
792
3184756
1818
ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:06
You make something look worse.
793
3186574
2402
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‚ชใ่ฆ‹ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:08
So this is a negative change.
794
3188976
2737
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:11
To make something look worse is to ruin something.
795
3191713
5455
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‚ชใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
53:17
You make it worse.
796
3197535
1702
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:19
You degrade that thing,
797
3199237
3003
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅŠฃๅŒ–ใ•ใ›ใ€
53:22
you destroy something, you ruin it.
798
3202473
3821
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:27
Something that look nice
799
3207044
1402
็ด ๆ•ตใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใŒ
53:30
is ruined.
800
3210248
2969
ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ€‚
53:33
Something that had an attractive
801
3213217
3520
้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใช
53:36
look is to look unattractive.
802
3216737
3737
่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ€้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใใชใ‚‹ใ€‚
53:41
So we talk about making things smarter, nice looking,
803
3221075
4137
ใใ“ใง็งใŸใกใฏใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใซใ€่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใ‚’ใ‚ˆใใ—ใ€
53:46
improved, renewed, and then we have ruin.
804
3226247
5205
ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใ€ใƒชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ขใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€็ ดๆป…ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:51
Which means to make things look worse.
805
3231936
2435
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ‚ชใ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:54
To destroy something, to make the appearance of something
806
3234371
4705
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅค–่ฆณใ‚’
53:59
look not as good as it should.
807
3239827
3003
ๆœฌๆฅใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ‚ชใ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
54:03
You have to more harm.
808
3243664
3003
ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅฑๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:08
Here's an interesting one more.
809
3248986
2986
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:13
I like that word, Mr. Duncan.
810
3253474
1451
็งใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:14
That's a very nice word.
811
3254925
1168
ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
54:16
Mr. Duncan, can you use.
812
3256093
1552
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:17
More words like that.
813
3257645
1835
ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:19
More to transform something.
814
3259480
3537
ใ‚‚ใฃใจไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
54:23
If you transform something, you change something.
815
3263017
5672
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:28
Something changes from one thing to another.
816
3268689
3937
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆฌกใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฌกใธใจๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:32
We often use it in science.
817
3272943
2102
็งใŸใกใฏ็ง‘ๅญฆใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:35
We can use it in scientific study.
818
3275045
3454
็ง‘ๅญฆ็š„ใช็ ”็ฉถใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
54:39
We often talk about things morphing,
819
3279016
2986
็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉใฎใƒขใƒผใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
54:42
but more commonly we will talk about
820
3282452
3370
ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใฏ
54:45
changing the appearance of something, especially an image, maybe a photograph.
821
3285906
5972
ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€็‰นใซ็”ปๅƒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅ†™็œŸใฎๅค–่ฆณใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
54:52
Maybe you decide that you want to change the photograph of yourself
822
3292396
3737
ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆ
54:56
to make it look better.
823
3296416
1585
่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใ‚’่‰ฏใใ—ใŸใ„ใจ
54:59
You more that particular thing.
824
3299703
3420
่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
55:03
You alter an image, you change things
825
3303557
4037
ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็‰นๅˆฅใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:08
to improve the appearance of a photograph
826
3308261
3270
ๅ†™็œŸ ใ‚„็”ปๅƒ ใฎ่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใ‚’่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
55:12
or an image.
827
3312165
2987
็”ปๅƒใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™
55:15
And then we have metamorphosed.
828
3315368
2686
ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏๅค‰่บซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
55:18
Mr. Duncan, there is a nice word to mutate
829
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹
55:23
to alter, to become another thing.
830
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ใจใ„ใ†็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
55:28
So one thing slowly changes
831
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ
55:31
into something else.
832
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:35
You metamorphose.
833
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅค‰่บซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:38
It is change.
834
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
55:40
Quite often with animals, certain animals will change completely
835
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใฏใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆ…‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅˆฅใฎ็Šถๆ…‹ใซ
55:45
as they grow or develop
836
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ๆˆ้•ทใพใŸใฏ็™บ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
55:49
from one state to another.
837
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
55:52
I suppose the one I can think of straight away, all frogs.
838
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ใ€‚ ใ™ใใซๆ€ใ„ใคใใฎใฏใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:56
Frogs start off with a small egg
839
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ใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใฏๅฐใ•ใชๅตใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š
56:00
and then they grow into tadpoles and then they become
840
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ใ€ใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒžใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใซๆˆ้•ทใ—ใ€ใใฎ
56:04
semi frogs, that is frogs with tails.
841
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ๅพŒๅŠใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅฐพใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซ ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
56:09
And then eventually the tail will disappear and they will become frogs.
842
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏๅฐปๅฐพใŒใชใใชใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
56:14
So that is a type of metamorphose
843
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅค‰ๆ…‹ใธใฎ
56:18
to metamorphoses to become another thing.
844
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ๅค‰ๆ…‹ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
56:22
very nice.
845
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้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
56:26
By the way,
846
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€
56:27
this thing that's the background today
847
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ƒŒๆ™ฏใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
56:30
that is metamorphic rock.
848
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ๅค‰ๆˆๅฒฉใงใ™ใ€‚
56:35
So that is a particular type of rock that has changed
849
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
56:39
over the millions and millions of years.
850
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ไฝ•็™พไธ‡ๅนดใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ
56:42
It has slowly changed due to the way the earth has changed over
851
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใŸ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅฒฉ็Ÿณใชใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚ ไฝ•็™พไธ‡ๅนด
56:48
millions of years with heat, cold heat,
852
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ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใ‚‹ๅœฐ็ƒใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ ๆš‘ใ•ใ€ๅฏ’ใ•ใ€
56:53
cold, more heat, more cold.
853
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ๅฏ’ใ•ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆš‘ใใชใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅฏ’ใใชใ‚Šใ€ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
56:58
And then of course, we have pressure as well.
854
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:01
So this type of rock you can see here
855
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๅฒฉ็Ÿณ
57:04
on the screen is metamorphic rock.
856
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ใฏๅค‰ๆˆๅฒฉใงใ™ใ€‚
57:07
It is rock that has changed over the years.
857
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้•ทใ„ๅนดๆœˆใ‚’็ตŒใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใใฎใŒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
57:11
And you can see it looks rather nice.
858
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Š่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:15
Finally, you can also shape something as well
859
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
57:20
to shape something, to make one thing out of another.
860
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ๅฝขไฝœใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
57:25
You might take a piece of wood and you will shape the wood.
861
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ใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆœจ็‰‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎๆœจใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:30
You will do something to make the wood look different.
862
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ๆœจใฎ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:35
You shape that thing.
863
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ใชใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
57:37
We are using it as a verb.
864
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:39
So if you make a change to the appearance of something,
865
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅค–่ฆณใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
57:44
especially if you are being very creative, perhaps,
866
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็‰นใซ้žๅธธใซๅ‰ต้€ ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
57:48
perhaps you will create something from clay.
867
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4238
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็ฒ˜ๅœŸใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
57:53
You will make a sculpture
868
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ๅฝซๅˆป
57:56
or a pot or a vase.
869
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ใ‚„้‰ขใ€่Šฑ็“ถใชใฉใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:00
You shape something.
870
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:03
You can also shape your own life as well.
871
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๅฝขไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
58:06
You make changes in your own life that shape
872
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
58:11
the way your life goes.
873
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2986
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎ้€ฒใฟๆ–นใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:14
Sometimes we do.
874
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:15
We have to make changes in our life because we want to shape
875
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4004
็งใŸใกใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ
58:20
or life or career
876
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ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚„ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใฎ้€ฒใฟๆ–นใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ
58:24
the way our life is progressing.
877
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ๅฝขไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
58:27
So you can shape something to make one thing out of another.
878
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3053
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใฃใฆๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
58:31
You shape it, you create a shape or object
879
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝขไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅฝขใ‚„ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™
58:35
by shaping it.
880
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ใ€‚ ๅ‰ต้€ ็š„ใช ๅฝซๅˆป
58:38
Quite often when we are talking about people who are creative
881
3518586
3904
ๅฎถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
58:43
artists sculptures,
882
3523291
3003
ใ€
58:46
they will often shape something
883
3526478
3003
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
58:49
to produce work of art.
884
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่Šธ่ก“ไฝœๅ“ใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฝขใฅใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:52
And that, as they say,
885
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
58:56
is that
886
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็งใŸใกใฏใ™ใงใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
58:58
we're coming towards the end already.
887
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
59:00
I can't believe that we are almost at the end of today's livestream.
888
3540492
3720
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒใ‚‚ใ†็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
59:04
I don't know about you, but it's gone by very quickly.
889
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2620
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ้ŽใŽใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:07
Did you enjoy it? Did you like it?
890
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3003
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
59:10
If you did, can you give me one of these, please?
891
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2336
ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไธ€ใค่ญฒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
59:13
And it would be ever so nice.
892
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1919
ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
59:14
I will be so grateful.
893
3554973
1801
ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:16
I will be very grateful.
894
3556774
1685
ๅคงๅค‰ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:18
In fact, I am back on Sunday and Mr.
895
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4471
ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚
59:22
Steve will be with us on Sunday as well.
896
3562930
3637
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
59:27
So there is myself and also Steve on Sunday.
897
3567001
3904
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏ็งใจใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:31
There will also be some new English lessons
898
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4204
ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
59:36
and these are the lessons that I've been making over the past few weeks.
899
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4204
ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒใ“ใ“ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ใงไฝœใฃใฆใใŸใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
59:40
Now, I was going to put them on a new channel,
900
3580831
2737
ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ่ผ‰ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
59:43
but I did have some problems with that
901
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YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใŒ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ€
59:46
because it is very difficult if you have more than one YouTube channel,
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
59:50
because then you have to do certain things
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ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ไธกๆ–นใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ
59:53
to maintain both of them.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
59:56
But I wanted to do them together, you see.
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ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
59:58
But it would appear that you can't.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใงใใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
60:00
So what I'm doing instead is I'm going to upload
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ใใ“ใง็งใŒไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
60:05
my new series of English lessons on this channel.
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ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ
60:10
You will see them appear over the next couple of days.
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ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ไปŠๅพŒๆ•ฐๆ—ฅ้–“ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:15
Thank you very much
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่ฒด็คพใซ
60:18
for your company.
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ๆทฑใๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
60:19
Thank you for joining me today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:21
I will be back with you on Sunday from 2 p.m.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝๆ™‚้–“ๅˆๅพŒ 2 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใพใŸใ”้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใพใ™
60:25
UK time.
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ใ€‚
60:26
And yes, these will be available on Sunday.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:30
So next Sunday I will start
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็งใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ•†ๅ“ใฎๅฎฃไผใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™
60:33
promoting my lovely merchandise.
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ใ€‚
60:37
If you would like a mr.
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ใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ใ”ๅธŒๆœ›ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
60:38
Duncan mug, you can have one.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใฎใƒžใ‚ฐใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€1ใคๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
60:41
If you would like a mr.
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ใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ใ”ๅธŒๆœ›ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
60:43
Duncan t shirt.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใฎTใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
60:44
Also, you will be able to have one as well.
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ใพใŸใ€ใŠๆŒใกใ„ใŸใ ใใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
60:48
All of that coming on Sunday.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
60:50
See you very soon.
924
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ใพใŸ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ†ใกใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
60:51
Take care of yourselves.
925
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ๆฐ—ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
60:53
I hope you've enjoyed today's livestream.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
60:56
If you have, please give me a lovely light and that will be ever so nice.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ…‰ใ‚’็งใซไธŽใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใฎ
61:02
This is Mr.
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61:02
Duncan in the birthplace of English, saying thank you for joining me.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“
ใ€ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:07
I hope you've enjoyed today's live stream.
930
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
61:10
Give me a lovely like if you have.
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็ด ๆ•ตใชใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใฐใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:12
And of course, until the next time we meet,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฌกใซไผšใ†ใพใงใฏใ€
61:16
you know what's coming next.
933
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ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:18
Yes, you do enjoy the rest of your Wednesday.
934
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
61:22
Enjoy the rest of your week and I will see you on Sunday.
935
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ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
61:28
And don't forget to look out
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ•™่จ“ใซใ‚‚
61:30
for those new lessons as well.
937
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ๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
61:34
ta ta for now.
938
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ใ€‚ ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใ€‚
61:36
See you on Sunday
939
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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