English Grammar: The Prepositions ON, AT, IN, BY

6,795,580 views ใƒป 2016-05-11

ENGLISH with James


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
I'm having a hard time reading on the train right now.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์—์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:06
Unh. Hold on. I'll start the lesson.
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์Œ. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Hi. James from engVid. Sorry, I was on the train.
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์•ˆ๋…•. engVid์˜ ์ œ์ž„์Šค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
I want to teach you a lesson about
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00:18
four basic prepositions that we use in English that sometimes get confused, and I understand
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
00:26
why, so I'll keep it basic. But because it's basic, it's going to be 80% correct. That's
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 80%๋Š” ๋งž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
00:32
a good thing, that means you can go to the website and learn more from other lessons
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:36
we have. But just know that sometimes there'll be exceptions, and I may not cover it here
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:41
today. I'll even give you two exceptions to help you, but why waste time?
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์™œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:46
Let's go to the board.
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๋ณด๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€์ž.
00:48
Here's Mr. E. You'll notice he has a calendar, he has a clock, and:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ Mr. E๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:53
"You are here"?
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Oh, here.
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์˜ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ.
00:57
"Here" is a location. We're here right now, doing a lesson. That's the location: engVid.
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"์—ฌ๊ธฐ"๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์น˜๋Š” engVid์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Let's go to the board and do the rest of the lesson, shall we?
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์น ํŒ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:06
Here's: "at", "on", "in", and "by".
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"at", "on", "in" ๋ฐ "by"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
"At". I love it because it's very specific, so you
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"์—". ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
01:14
always know where you are, exactly. Problem: For transportation, "at" doesn't have anything.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ: ์šด์†ก์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "at"์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Hmm. So let's go to the next one. Let's go to "on". On.
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ํ . ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. "์ผœ๊ธฐ"๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. ์—.
01:27
"On" is used for, let's say,
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"์ผœ๊ธฐ"๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:29
large vehicles or large ways of travelling, such as buses... Sorry. Trains, buses, planes,
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๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒ„์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„“์€ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ... ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋ฒ„์Šค, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ,
01:38
and boats. I'll come back to boat in a second; it's an exception. On the train, on the bus,
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๋ณดํŠธ. ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋ฒ„์Šค,
01:44
and on the plane, unless you're Bill Gates, Donald Trump, or me-I'm not in that list-you
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ Bill Gates, Donald Trump ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚˜(์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ํ•œ
01:52
don't have your own train, plane, or bus, so you usually share it with a bunch of people
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์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
01:57
or a few people. It's large. So we say:
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:00
"You're on the bus", because it covers a big area,
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"You're on the bus"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ปค๋ฒ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:04
so there are many people sitting in that area. When I get to location, you'll see what I mean.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Boat is a small exception. For many people in the world, they have their own boats because
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๋ณดํŠธ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
02:14
maybe they do fishing, or rowing, which is a type of boat that you go by yourself. In
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๋‚š์‹œ๋‚˜ ๋…ธ ์ “๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ณดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
that situation, you can use "in". So, if the boat is small enough, say: "in":
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ "in"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž‘์œผ๋ฉด "in":
02:25
"I'm in a boat right now." But if it's a big boat, you have to say: "I'm on a boat." Another exception
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"I'm in a boat right now."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฐ ๋ฐฐ๋ผ๋ฉด "I'm on a boat"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
for the "on" rule is bicycle. You're always "on" a bicycle. I know, I said big vehicles,
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"on" ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋Š” ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:40
but remember: a bicycle is small, and it doesn't really have a motor or an engine, so we kind
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”: ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ž‘๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ์—”์ง„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
of give it its own thing, because you have to sit on the bicycle, and you can never really
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ
02:50
be in a bicycle. Is that good?
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„?
02:54
Now, let's go to "in". "In" is funny because there are only two things for "in".
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์ด์ œ "in"์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "in"์€ "in"์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฟ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
"In" we use for car and taxi.
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"์—์„œ"๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋‚˜ ํƒ์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
The easy way to think about it is usually you own your own car;
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
it doesn't belong to a group of people. People just don't get on your car every time you
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šธ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ์— ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:13
stop it, they go in and say: "Take me somewhere."
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๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ "์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค˜"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
And a taxi, well, when you're in a taxi, it
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ์‹œ๋Š”, ์Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํƒ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํƒ”์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
03:19
is kind of your car. You pay the driver and you keep the car. So, this is one of those
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šด์ „์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด
03:25
few cases where, because it belongs to me, I am in my car or I am in the taxi, because
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์†Œ์œ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์ฐจ์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ์„
03:31
the taxi belongs to me as long as I pay the money. It's one of these funny exceptions.
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์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ํƒ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์†Œ์œ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํƒ์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ์—
03:36
I don't know why, because you can put more people in a car, but I guess because you can
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํƒœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
03:40
actually own this transportation, it's yours. Think of it like the small boat. The small
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ž‘์€
03:45
boat, one person is in it, you can be inside of it. All right? Cool.
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๋ฐฐ, ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
03:50
The last one we're going to do is "by". This is how you get there. So, "by" is different.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ "by"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "by"๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
When we talk about "in" and "on", you are... We are talking about how you are in the vehicle.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "in"๊ณผ "on"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€... ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Are you sitting on the bicycle? I can see you on it? You know, a boat is on water. But
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ๋ณดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
04:08
"by" just means: How did you get here? So, when someone responds to you with: "By car",
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"by"๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ "์ฐจ๋กœ",
04:13
"by plane", they're telling you how they got here. Not if they're in the plane, or on the
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"๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋กœ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:19
plane. They are just... That's how they got there. So, how did I get here to do this video?
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€... ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:25
Wouldn't you like to know. I'm kidding. I came here by car. So, yes, I was in my car
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์„ธ์š”? ๋†๋‹ด์ด์•ผ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฐจ๋กœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์˜ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ 
04:32
and drove here, but I would tell somebody: "I got here by car, not by bus", and that
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ
04:37
would tell them the difference in the transportation I took. "How did you get here?" You like that?
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๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์™”์–ด?" ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ?
04:43
Good, so that's "by", this is how you did it; and the way you travelled is here, "in"
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "by"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ธธ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, "in"
04:49
and "on". Remember there is a small exception for small vehicles, so a small boat you can
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๊ณผ "on"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œํ˜• ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์—๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ณดํŠธ๋ฅผ
04:55
be in. Remember small. And a bicycle, you're always on the bicycle, because people see
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ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์†Œํ˜•์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:00
you sitting on it. We good? Excellent. Now, that is the lesson for transportation.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์œ„์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์•„? ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ. ์ด์ œ ๊ตํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
Let's look at location. You'll notice that the same rules or ideas apply.
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์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:12
Remember I said I liked "at" because it's specific? Notice the dot, it's very specific.
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"at"๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
"Meet me at my house." That does not mean down the street,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:22
that does not mean in another city. It means:
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ:
05:25
My house, you. Meet me at my house, specific location. Or I'll give you an address:
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๋‚ด ์ง‘, ๋‹น์‹ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘, ํŠน์ • ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š” . ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
05:31
"Meet me at 51 Eglington."
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"Eglington 51๋ฒˆ์ง€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”."๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Not: "In 51 Eglington", no. "At", that means right there.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค: "In 51 Eglington", ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค. At๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
You can see the number and the place. Like it? I do, too.
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๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์™€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜.
05:43
"On". If you notice, this is a dot, and this is like a carpet or an area. This is why I
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"์—". ๋ˆˆ์น˜ ์ฑ„๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์นดํŽซ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
05:50
said on the bus, the train, and the plane - they are big, they have an area. And because
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๋ฒ„์Šค, ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํฌ๊ณ  ๋„“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
of that, we say "on" because you stand in an area.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "on"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ง€์—ญ์— ์„œ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:00
So, "on". We put things on a table.
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๊ณง". ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋†“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
Imagine... Nope. How about this? This is a better table. I'm going to put something on the table. You
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ด... ์•„๋‹ˆ. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ? ๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ์œ„์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋†“์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
06:13
can see it on, and here is an area. Cool? That's for "on".
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜์—ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์›ํ•œ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ผœ๊ธฐ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
"In" I can use the same thing. That's the next one. "In", there is a surface, but you
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"์—์„œ"๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "In"์—๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:24
have to go over and in something. Remember I said "on" here? This is now "in". You can't
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "on"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ œ "in"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
see it anymore, can you? Because it's inside with a bunch of markers. It's inside. But
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋งˆ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
06:37
when it's on the surface, you'll notice "on", you can see it. "In", like magic, it disappears.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ "์ผœ์ง"์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "in"์€ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Okay? So, "in", usually you have walls or something surrounding you that you can look
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "in"์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒฝ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:53
up and see the walls. You'll see there's the board here, and there are three other walls,
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
so I'm in a room. But I'm on the floor because I'm standing on the floor. Okay? So if the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์„œ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
07:03
floor was here, this would be me. Ta-da. But I would go in the room, and now you need a
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งœ์ž”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
07:08
door to see me. Okay? So, "in" and "on".
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "in"๊ณผ "on"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
"By". Many of you know "close" and "near". So, if you think of two things... Okay? Here's
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"์— ์˜ํ•ด". ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด "๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด"์™€ "๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด"๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด... ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
07:23
one thing, here's two things. We can say:
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
"This is by the red marker."
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์ปค ์˜†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
Similar to saying "close" or "near". We just say "by".
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"๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด" ๋˜๋Š” "๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ "by"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
There's 8% of this marker. I said 80% lesson, but
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์ด ๋งˆ์ปค์˜ 8%๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 80% ๋ ˆ์Šจ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:37
it seems it's gone down. [Laughs] Well, "by" is similar to "close" or "near". And you notice
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๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์›ƒ์Œ] ์Œ, "by"๋Š” "close"๋‚˜ "near"์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
the arrows, here, show you, if I say I'm close to your house or by your house, it's similar
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ™”์‚ดํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ I'm close to your house ๋˜๋Š” by your house๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
07:46
to saying "by" or "near". Okay? Cool.
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"by" ๋˜๋Š” "near"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
07:50
Now I'm going to deal with time. When we deal with time, we'll start at "at". "At". Remember
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ "at"์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์—".
07:57
I said very specific, that's why I like it? This is when you say things like: "At 9:15",
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "At 9:15",
08:02
"At 12:00". It says very specific time when we deal with hour and minute.
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"At 12:00"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์™€ ๋ถ„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
-"What time will I meet you?" -"At 10:30." Specific. That doesn't mean 12:00. That's not "at". Okay?
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- "๋ช‡ ์‹œ์— ๋งŒ๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?" -"10์‹œ 30๋ถ„์—." ํŠน์ •ํ•œ. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 12์‹œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "์—์„œ"๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:17
Day... Sorry. "On". When we talk about "on", we talk about days. "On Monday", "On Tuesday".
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๋ฐ์ด... ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์—". "on"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์›”์š”์ผ์—", "ํ™”์š”์ผ์—".
08:23
And if you're confused, think of it this way: A day has 24 hours. It's kind of got a surface
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ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” 24์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:31
to it. It's not just one specific time; it's got a little bit of time on it. So, on that
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. ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
08:37
day-okay?-anything can happen on that day on the surface. We stand on it, and we walk
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๊ทธ๋‚ -์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?-๊ทธ๋‚  ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด๋“  ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์œ„์— ์„œ์„œ
08:42
across it. You wake up, then you go to sleep. So, on that day. Funny enough, you can say
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๊ทธ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ž๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋‚ . ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ๋„
08:47
things like: "On Christmas day", "On Monday", "On my birthday". So if you have a word that
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"ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์—", "์›”์š”์ผ์—", "๋‚ด ์ƒ์ผ์—"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
08:54
has a day in it, you can use "on". Told you I'd make it easy. It's 80% true, there'll
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด "on"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด. 80% ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
be exceptions. I know, someone will say one. But just think: "Did I say 'day' in there?
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์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•„์š”, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
09:04
'On' the holiday." Right? You can say it, because it's got "day". Make it easy.
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. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "์ผ"์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด.
09:08
Okay, now we've talked about specific time with "at",
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์ž, ์ด์ œ "at"๋กœ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๊ณ 
09:13
and on the day with "on", but let's look at "in".
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"on"์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋‚ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ "in"์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
When I say something like: "In September", what I'm talking about are long
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "9์›”์—"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธด
09:23
periods of time. We can say that for years, months, and weeks. So, for instance, I can
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๋…„, ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ, ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
09:30
even go back in the past and say: "In 1992, I came to Canada."
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "1992๋…„์— ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:35
Or: "In September, I will buy a hat."
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๋˜๋Š” "9์›”์— ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:38
Now, we're talking about specific time, as we did in "on" and "at", but this
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "on"๊ณผ "at"์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
09:43
time we're talking about longer periods of time, and we're being very specific.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋” ๊ธด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
Now, I'm going to go to one more for you and we're going to go by "by". "By" is fantastic
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์ด์ œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "by"๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "By"๋Š”
09:55
because it's the end of a specific time. If I say: "I need it done by tonight",
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
10:01
that is the time, it's specific, and that's the end time or your limit.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ œํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
And funny enough, that's the end of my lesson. I'm at the limit.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์šฐ์Šต๊ฒŒ๋„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ž๋‹ค.
10:09
I hope you've enjoyed it. E has been helpful,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. E๋Š”
10:12
bringing out the calendar and the clock, and giving us a location.
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๋‹ฌ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Quick recap: You can use "at", "on", "in", and "by"
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์š”์•ฝ: ๊ตํ†ต, ์œ„์น˜ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "at", "on", "in" ๋ฐ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:20
for transportation, location, and time.
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.
10:24
When we deal with transportation, there are a couple of exceptions you want to remember.
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๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
"On" is used for large groups of people travelling by train, bus, plane, or boat. But sometimes
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"On"์€ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋ฒ„์Šค, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณดํŠธ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
10:35
a boat can be for one person, and you can say "in". We also use bicycle for "on", and
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๋ณดํŠธ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ "in"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ "on"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด bicycle์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
that's because you sit on the bicycle. When we talk about "in", we use it for car and taxi,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "in"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ํƒ์‹œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
because that's usually your private vehicle. Even though you say taxi's public,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:52
when you're in it, it's yours as long as you pay for it, and it's also small. Okay?
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ํƒ€๋ฉด ๋ˆ๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋‹ค ์ž๊ธฐ๊บผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ž‘๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:58
"By" is how you get there; by car, plane, or train.
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"By"๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋กœ.
11:02
When we went for location, we talked about specific with "at". On the surface or in an
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๋กœ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ใ€Œatใ€๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
area for "on", like a carpet, think like carpet. "In", think like a box, you go in a box. And
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์นดํŽซ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด๋‚˜ "์œ„"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์นดํŽซ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "in"์€ ์ƒ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์ž ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:15
"by" is similar to "close" or "near" or "close to" when you used it.
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"by"๋Š” "close" ๋˜๋Š” "near" ๋˜๋Š” "close to"์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
And finally, for time, we talked about specific time-okay?-using these prepositions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
"At" is one time only; "on" is for days: "On Monday", "On Christmas day";
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"At"๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "on"์€ ์š”์ผ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "On Monday", "On Christmas day";
11:32
"in" is used for longer periods of time, like: "In September", or we can go back into the past:
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"in"์€ "In September"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋” ๊ธด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
11:37
"In 1992";
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"In 1992";
11:39
and finally, end time when we use "by". Okay? And we say that's the end.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "by"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
And that's the end of this particular lesson.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
So, I'd like to thank you, once again, for coming to engVid.
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engVid๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
And what did I say? I need you to go to www.eng as in engVid... English.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด? engVid์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด www.eng๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์˜์–ด.
12:02
V, as in video.com
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V, video.com
12:03
(www.engvid.com) where you can go do the quiz and see how well you learned your lesson.
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(www.engvid.com)์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
Okay? And by now, I think you've got 80% of it correct.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด 80%๋Š” ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
Okay? See ya later.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ณด์ž.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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