Confusing Sex & Gender Words in English - girlfriend, guys, partner...

304,009 views ใƒป 2014-01-08

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
No entiendo nada. Hey. James, from EngVid, speaking Spanish. Si? I'm looking at a French
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ‚จใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใƒŠใƒ€ใ€‚ ใŠใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ EngVid ใฎ James ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ท๏ผŸ ็งใฏใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ
00:11
book, but you guys understand. It's good for a teacher to learn different languages because
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŸใกใฏ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•™ๅธซใŒใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰
00:16
as they get better, they understand how to teach you, right? Right, guys? Come to think
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ใ€่จ€่ชžใŒไธŠ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•™ใˆๆ–นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช๏ผŸ ใใ†
00:22
of it, there's a word I was thinking about. I've been asked by many a student, "When we
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ใ„ใˆใฐใ€ใตใจๆ€ใฃใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅคšใใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใ‹ใ‚‰
00:27
say, 'guys', can we use it for everybody or is it just for men or" -- because they get
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ใ€ใ€Œใ€Ž็”ทใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€่ชฐใซใงใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚็”ทๆ€งๅฐ‚็”จใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€ใจ
00:32
confused because in North America, we use the word "guys". And when we do, we use it
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ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ "ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
00:38
for groups of people that could be male and female. Now, in our language, you don't have,
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็”ทๆ€งใจๅฅณๆ€งใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™. ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่จ€่ชžใง
00:43
really, gender. There's no "el" as in -- excuse me for a second. You know, in Spanish, you've
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ใฏใ€ๆ€งๅˆฅใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œelใ€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ -- ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใซ
00:48
got the "el", or the "le" in French and the "la" -- we don't have any of that. No. Not
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ใฏใ€Œelใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใฎใ€Œleใ€ใจ ใ€Œlaใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆ
00:54
at all. So most people assume there's no gender, but I have a secret. In English, we do have
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ใ€ใพใฃใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏๆ€งๅˆฅใฏใชใ„ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใซใฏ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ
01:02
gender. Come on. We're going to go to the board. We're going to work it out, all right?
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ๆ€งๅˆฅใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฅใฆใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็†ไบ‹ไผšใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:05
So what do I mean by "gender words"? Well, there will be no cue like this. And this is
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใ‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅˆๅ›ณใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:10
what makes it confused, and that's why this is "confused words in English". Because they're
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„็†็”ฑใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ใ€Œ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
01:14
confused gender words -- words that can be used by only one sex, and only one sex uses
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ๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆ€งๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ .1ใคใฎๆ€งๅˆฅใ ใ‘ใŒไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
01:20
them in this way. And if you say it a different way, you will confuse us. Okay? So why don't
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ1ใคใฎๆ€งๅˆฅใ ใ‘ใงใ™. ใพใŸใ€ๅˆฅใฎ ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใŸใกใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:27
we start off with, well, No. 1. See? Confused. Two is over here; one is over here. The lesson
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ใงใฏใ€1 ็•ชใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€‚ ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ 2 ใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ 1ใคใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
01:33
has begun. Mr. E secretly is watching me teach this lesson. This is the female symbol and
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ใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ Eใ•ใ‚“ใฏ็งใŒใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ“ใฃใใ‚Š่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:41
the male symbol because these are gender words. "Gender" means "sex", and we mean "boy", "girl",
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ€งๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅณๆ€งใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒœใƒซใจ็”ทๆ€งใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒœใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใ€ใจใฏใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็”ทใฎๅญใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใ€
01:47
"men", "women". Your "gender" is your "sex". When you fill out forms in English, it will
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ใ€Œ็”ทๆ€งใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใ€ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹
01:52
say "male", "female" -- that's gender. Okay? Are you male, man, female, woman? So now we're
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ใจใ€ใ€Œ็”ทๆ€งใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆ€งๅˆฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็”ทๆ€งใ€็”ทๆ€งใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ›ใฃใ‹ใใชใฎใง
01:58
there, why don't we go and take a look. "Guys", I started with "guys". You'll notice
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ใ€่กŒใฃใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:02
that "guys" has -- well, we got two guys and a girl. We can also have mini guys, Mini Mes.
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ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใซใฏใ€็”ทใฎๅญใŒ 2 ไบบใ€ๅฅณใฎๅญใŒ 1 ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚ฌใ‚คใ€ใƒŸใƒ‹ใƒกใ‚นใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:10
Okay? A group of men can be called "guys". A group with even one woman can still be called
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็”ทๆ€งใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฅณๆ€งใŒ1ไบบใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:16
"guys". And a group with all women could be called "guys". But you cannot call a group
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ…จๅ“กใŒๅฅณๆ€งใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็”ทๆ€งใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
02:23
of men "girls". If you go, "Hey girls! Hey girls!" They're all gay. I'm sorry if anyone
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ใ€‚ ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ŒHey girls! Hey girls!ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒๆ€งๆ„›่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:30
says, you know, "Whoa!" But it's -- "girls" would be gay, you know. Or we use it as an
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผ๏ผใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ - ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ ใฏๅŒๆ€งๆ„›่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ
02:35
insult to guys, "Look at the girls over there." Because we're saying, "They're not He-Men
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ใ€็”ทๆ€งใธใฎไพฎ่พฑใจใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ใใ“ใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชHe-Menใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
02:39
like us. So they're a bunch of girls!" Right? "Quit crying, you girls!" So when we use "girls"
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ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใงใ™!ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๆณฃใใชใ‚ˆใ€ใŠๅฌขใ•ใ‚“ใŸใก๏ผใ€ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€
02:46
as a reference to guys, it's an insult either in, "You're not a man" or we're saying they
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ใ‚’็”ทๆ€งใซ่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็”ทๆ€งใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไพฎ่พฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
02:52
may be of a different sexual orientation. You like those big words? I do, too. Okay.
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ๆ€ง็š„ๆŒ‡ๅ‘ใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคงใใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใ‚‚ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:59
So that's one thing to think about. So you're going to think, "Okay, so I can
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใฎ1ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ—
03:03
use 'guys' all the time." Well, you're right. But there is one difference. You don't use
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ใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€Žguysใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจๆ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้•ใ„ใŒ 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:10
"guys" with older, mature women because it's almost insulting because they're going to
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03:15
say, "We're ladies. We're women, not guys. We're not little girls." Right? Even older
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๅฅณๆ€งใงใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏๅฅณๆ€งใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็”ทๆ€งใง ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏๅฐใ•ใชๅฅณใฎๅญใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅนด้…ใฎ
03:20
businessmen like being referred to as "guys" because it's that sports, macho, manly thing.
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ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใƒžใƒณใงใ•ใˆ ใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ€ใƒžใƒƒใƒใƒงใ€็”ทใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™.
03:25
Right? "Look at the guys." "Let's go, guys." But if it's an older woman or a group of older
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅนด้…ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใพใŸใฏๅนด้…ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎๅ ดๅˆ
03:30
women, please say, "ladies". All right? Or "women" -- do not call them "guys" unless
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒฌใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚นใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใ€ - ๅฃใฒใ’ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅนดใ‚’ใจใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจใฏๅ‘ผใฐใชใ„
03:34
they have moustaches, and they're really old. Anyway. That's different.
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ใงใใ ใ•ใ„. ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ†ใ€‚
03:38
So "guys" you understand that one. That's one of the confusing words. So simply, to
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€็งใŒ
03:43
make it simple so you understand exactly what I want, "guys" can be used for any group with
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็†่งฃ ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใฏ
03:48
a female in or a completely -- a complete group of females, okay, and males. For males,
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ใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅฅณๆ€งใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใช ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็”ทๆ€งใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
03:54
it can be used for young males to older males, no problem. Our exception is with older females;
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่‹ฅใ„็”ทๆ€งใ‹ใ‚‰ๅนด้…ใฎ็”ทๆ€งใพใงๅ•้กŒใชใไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใฏๅนด้…ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
you must actually call them "ladies" or "women". Men use the word "girls", okay, for a group
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ็”ทๆ€งใฏใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅฅณใฎๅญใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซไฝฟใ†ใฎใง
04:07
of girls, which makes them feel young. You can use that with older women. It's a good
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ใ€่‹ฅใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅนดไธŠใฎๅฅณๆ€งใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„
04:12
one. Okay? Careful if they're wearing business suits. But they also use the word "girls"
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใŸใ€
04:16
for insulting other men especially in sports, like, "Look at the girls on that team." Means
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็‰นใซใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใงไป–ใฎ็”ทๆ€งใ‚’ไพฎ่พฑใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ.
04:21
you're not good. All right? Let's move on to the next one.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฌกใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:24
So we're done No. 1. What's No. 2? We talked about "guys" and "girls". Well, why don't
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€No. 1 ใฏ็ต‚ไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚No. 2 ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจใ€Œๅฅณใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
04:28
we talk about "girlfriends"? "The other day, I was talking to my girlfriend about going
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ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซ ่กŒใฃใฆใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
04:33
to Starbucks and getting a coffee." Nothing to be confused about? "Well, it's not my girlfriend.
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ใ€‚ใ€ ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใˆใˆใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใง
04:39
We're not sexually intimate or anything." "Intimate" means "close", all right, when
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏๆ€ง็š„ใซ่ฆชๅฏ†ใงใ‚‚ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ่ฆชๅฏ†ใ€ใฏใ€Œ่ฆชใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
04:42
you're "intimate". In this case, sexual -- sexually intimate. It doesn't mean that. What I meant
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆ€ง็š„ใช - ๆ€ง็š„ใซ่ฆชๅฏ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:47
to say was my "female friend". And you go, "What's the difference?" Well, girls can say
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่จ€ใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€Œๅฅณๅ‹้”ใ€ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ€Œ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฅณใฎๅญใฏ
04:53
"my girlfriend", and it means "my female friend". It means there's no sexual or loving relationship.
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ใ€Œ็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ็งใฎๅฅณๅ‹้”ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™. ๆ€ง็š„้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚„ๆ‹ๆ„›้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:57
They're just really good friends. "So my girlfriends and I, we're going to dinner tonight, and
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ ใจ็งใฏใ€ไปŠๅคœๅค•้ฃŸใซ่กŒใใ€
05:01
then we're going to go shopping, and we're going to watch a movie, and we're going to
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ่กŒใ ใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
05:04
have popcorn. It's going to be so much fun!" "My girlfriends and I" -- a girl can say.
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™. ๆฅฝใ—ใ„๏ผ" ใ€Œ็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใจ็งใ€ - ๅฅณใฎๅญใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
05:08
Now, when a guy says "girlfriend", we only think sexual relationships or a relationship.
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ไปŠใ€็”ทๆ€งใŒใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€็งใŸใก ใฏๆ€ง็š„้–ขไฟ‚ใพใŸใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ ใ‘ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ™.
05:13
"My girlfriend, the one I kiss and hold hands with." If you're a guy, and you want to say
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ใ€Œ็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€็งใŒใ‚ญใ‚นใ—ใฆๆ‰‹ ใ‚’็น‹ใ„ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็”ทๆ€งใงใ€
05:19
"a girl who's a friend", you have to say "female friend". Now, a lot of times today we say,
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ใ€Œๅ‹้”ใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใฎๅ‹้”ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใฏ
05:25
"my friend". But when somebody wants to know specifically -- because you say, "Hey, my
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ใ€Œ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใ€ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€็งใฎ
05:29
friend told me to wear this sweater because it goes good with me, you know. It looks good
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ๅ‹ไบบใŒ็งใซใ“ใฎใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒ
05:32
on me, you know? It looks real good." Then, they'll go, "Uh, which guy friend told you
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็งใซไผผๅˆใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™. ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œใˆใˆใจใ€ใฉใฎ็”ทๅ‹้”ใŒใ‚ใชใŸ
05:37
that?" See? They say, "guy friend". Back to the word "guy". And I go, "No, it's a female
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ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็”ทๅ‹้”ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œ
05:40
friend of mine. She went shopping with me." And they go, "Oh, I understand now." Got it?
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ใฏ็งใฎๅฅณๆ€งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:46
If you have the same conversation -- you say, "My boyfriend told me this", automatically,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŒใ˜ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ€Œ็งใฎใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใŒ็งใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใซ
05:50
you are a homosexual. Please be careful. Boys cannot say "my boyfriends". Females, actually
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒๆ€งๆ„›่€…ใงใ™. ใŠๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็”ทใฎๅญ ใฏใ€Œ็งใฎใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:58
-- funny enough -- don't say "my boyfriends". They say -- if they're talking about a male,
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้ข็™ฝใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใฏใ€Œ็งใฎใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€็”ทๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:02
they go "my male friend James". And I will say "my female friend Joanne." That's how
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ใ€Œ็งใฎ็”ทๆ€งใฎๅ‹ไบบใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†. ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๅฅณๅ‹้”ใฎใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ขใƒณใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€็ง
06:08
we describe members of the opposite sex who are our friends. Okay? So "girlfriend" and
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ใŸใกใฎๅ‹ไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹็•ฐๆ€งใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใจ
06:13
"boyfriend" are only used for relationships. Cool?
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ใ€Œใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใฟใซไฝฟ็”จ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆถผใ—ใ„๏ผŸ
06:17
Lesson No. 2. We're talking about relationships. Lesson No. 3. The 21st century -- this is
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ 2. ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ 3. 21 ไธ–็ด€ - ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:25
really, really interesting. In Europe -- I was just told the other day that a "partner"
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใง ใฏใ€ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€
06:31
is like an "association", and in a professional sense, people who work together. So people
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ใจใฏใ€Œๅ”ไผšใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‚้–€ ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไธ€็ท’ใซๅƒใไบบใ€…ใฎใ“ใจใ ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบใ€…
06:35
will directly translate "associate" or a "partner" to "partner". In North America, we had that
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ใฏใ€Œใ‚ขใ‚ฝใ‚ทใ‚จใ‚คใƒˆใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ ใ‚’ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใซ็›ดๆŽฅ็ฟป่จณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใ‚‚
06:41
same thing -- "my partner". But we use it for, like, law practice, accounting, and medical.
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ๅŒใ˜ใ€Œ็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ ๆณ•ๅพ‹ๅฎŸๅ‹™ใ€ไผš่จˆใ€ๅŒป็™‚ใชใฉใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
Once you step outside of business and you say "partner", there are only, really, two
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ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฎๅค–ใซๅ‡บใฆใ€ ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
06:51
meanings. I need you to be careful because the 21st century is very strange because this
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ใ€‚ 21 ไธ–็ด€ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ
06:55
word has changed, and it's continually changing, evolving. "Evolving" means changing and going
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ตถใˆ้–“ใชใๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใ€้€ฒๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้€ฒๅŒ–ใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใ€ไธŠใฃใฆใ„ใใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
07:02
up. So by the end of, you know, in ten years, it might have a totally different meaning.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€10 ๅนดๅพŒ ใซใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใคใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:06
But let's go and talk. "Partner" here, means an association. If it's said by a male, one
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่กŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใจใฏ ใ€ๅ”ไผšใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:14
has to be very careful because the male could be saying, "I am a homosexual because my partner
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็”ทๆ€งใŒ ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€Œ็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒ็”ทๆ€งใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏๅŒๆ€งๆ„›่€…ใงใ™ใ€ใจ็”ทๆ€งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™
07:20
is a man." You have to listen very carefully for context. And I'm warning you: Don't speak;
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ใ€‚ ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚’ๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่žใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ญฆๅ‘Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผš่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:26
listen. Because also, in the 21st century, "partner" is a word that people who are above
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่žใใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€21ไธ–็ด€ใซใŠใ„ใฆ ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใจใฏ
07:31
the age of 30 use for their long-term lover or partner. So a girlfriend you've been with
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ใ€30ๆญณไปฅไธŠใฎไบบใŒ้•ทๆœŸใฎๆ‹ไบบใ‚„ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใซๅฏพใ—ใฆไฝฟใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™. ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
07:37
for 10 or 15 years may be -- and you've been living together -- they may be your "partner".
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10ๅนดใ‹15ๅนดไป˜ใๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธ€็ท’ใซๆšฎใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใใŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:42
That means nothing to do with homosexual lifestyle. So many times, a man or a woman may walk up
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒๆ€งๆ„›ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใจใฏไฝ•ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็”ทๆ€งใพใŸใฏๅฅณๆ€ง
07:49
to you and go, "My partner's coming to the party tonight." Now, you should say something
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ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใ€็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใŒใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:53
like, "So your partner, how long have you been with them?" "Twenty years." Ah, we're
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ ไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไบŒๅๅนดใ€ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
07:58
getting warmer. But don't put any kind of gender -- remember I told you what "gender"
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ๆš–ใ‹ใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆ€งๅˆฅใฏๅ…ฅใ‚Œใชใ„ใง ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œๆ€งๅˆฅใ€ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
08:02
means, right? -- or attach gender until they keep speaking. They might say after that,
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? -- ใพใŸใฏใ€่ฉฑใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใพใงๆ€งๅˆฅใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๅพŒใ€
08:06
"Yeah, she is coming at 7." Boom. Long-term girlfriend. "He is coming" -- got it. Okay?
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ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ 7 ๆ™‚ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ ใ€‚ ้•ทๅนดใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฅใ‚‹ใ€ - ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:14
And welcome to western civilization: We don't put too much on gender issues. Same-sex marriage
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ใใ—ใฆ่ฅฟๆด‹ๆ–‡ๆ˜Žใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ: ็งใŸใกใฏ ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒ€ใƒผๅ•้กŒใซใ‚ใพใ‚ŠๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ๅŒๆ€ง
08:21
-- that is okay, all right? So when someone says "partner", just wait for context. They
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ๅฉšใƒปใƒปใƒปใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ ใŒใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ€ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚’ๅพ…ใกใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰
08:26
will give you the information you need. All right?
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:29
So we've done "partner". We've gone from "guys", "girlfriend", "partner". What could possibly
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŠœใ‘ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:33
be next? Well, we're talking about association and relationship, so why don't we give you
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ๆฌกใฏไฝ•ใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅ”ไผšใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€
08:39
a word that seems very -- shouldn't be confusing, right? Because we've got -- "partner" is confusing.
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้žๅธธใซๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹? ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ใฏ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:45
Shouldn't be confusing. Should be very, very easy. But in North America, it's not. We have
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ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:51
a television program called "Friends" in North America. It's about six people who hang out
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ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใ‚บใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ‚€ใ‚ใ—
08:56
and party and do everything together and get married and divorce each other. Now, that's
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ใฆใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใฆ้›ขๅฉšใ™ใ‚‹็ด„6ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
09:00
confusing. But they do this. Joey and Chandler and whatnot -- Phoebe. Love Phoebe. But in
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็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚คใจใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒผ ใ€ใใฎไป–ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ -- ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ“ใƒผใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ“ใƒผใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
09:06
North America, everybody's your friend. They'll even say, "Hey, friend! How are you?" And
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ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๅ‹้”๏ผใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ•ใˆ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
09:11
they don't even know who you are. "Friend" in our language, really, means "acquaintance".
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ•ใˆ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใฎใ€Œๅ‹้”ใ€ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€Œ็Ÿฅใ‚Šๅˆใ„ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
Okay? Don't get it confused. If you've never been to their house, never been to their house,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆททไนฑใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใฃใŸ
09:21
never been invited over for dinner, haven't been gone to, you know, one of the baseball
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ใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ€ๅค•้ฃŸใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ ใ€้‡Ž็ƒใฎ่ฉฆๅˆใชใฉใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒ
09:25
games or anything like that, you're an "acquaintance". "Acquaintance" means -- from the word "acquaint"
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ใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็Ÿฅใ‚Šๅˆใ„ใ€ใงใ™. . ใ€Œ็Ÿฅไบบใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ็Ÿฅไบบใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
09:30
-- they know you. And that's all. So when you go to the bar, and they go, "Hey Friend!
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒใƒใƒผใซ่กŒใใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๅ‹้”ใ€
09:34
What are you drinking?" It means, "I know you come to this bar. What do you want to
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ไฝ•้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ‚‹ใฎ?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎใƒใƒผใซๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‚’
09:38
drink?" You're not friends. Don't say, "Free drink from you!" You're not his friend or
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้ฃฒใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ็„กๆ–™ใƒ‰ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏ๏ผใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใง ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ‚‚
09:44
her friend, okay? That's why it's a confusing word because, other cultures, when you say,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ไป–ใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใงใฏใ€
09:48
like, if you're Arabic, "habibi", "my love", right? We don't think like that. You're not
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ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ“ใ‚ข่ชžใชใ‚‰ใ€Œใƒใƒ“ใƒ“ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๆ„›ใ€ใชใฉใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
09:54
my friend. You're not my "habibi", okay? So let's move on.
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็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎใ€Œใƒใƒ“ใƒ“ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:57
So we got that one. Kind of confusing -- not. But it is for you guys. And the final one.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ - ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŸใกใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไธ€ๆžšใ€‚
10:03
This is a personal favorite of mine. "Yo, my brothers, my man, my bros". Many of you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใชใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒจใ€ ็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใ€็งใฎ็”ทใ€็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใ€. ๅคšใใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“
10:09
leave comments calling me, "Yo, Bro! Is good?" This is the best part. "I'm from Russia. I
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ใŒ็งใซใ€ŒใŠๅ…„ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:15
would like to say, Bro, that we are good friends, right? Bro? You my man! Right, brother?" I'm
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ๅ…„ๅผŸใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๅ‹้”ใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
10:20
like, "I've never met you, okay?" Yes, I know there's a skin thing. And the problem isn't
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ใ€ŒไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€็ง ใฏ็šฎ่†šใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ•้กŒใฏ
10:25
yours -- and I apologize -- it's ours. In North America, we have many movies where the
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€
10:30
black guys always go, "Yo, man! Yo, man! Yo, brother, what's up? What's up? What's up?"
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้ป’ไบบใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€Œใƒจใ€ใƒžใƒณ๏ผใƒจใ€ใƒžใƒณ๏ผใƒจใ€ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒผใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€
10:35
And then everybody in the world thinks that every black man does that. If you can find
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎ้ป’ไบบใŒใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:40
ten videos where I say, "Yo bros, we gonna be studying today. You know what I'm saying',
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็งใŒใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ‚ˆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ 10 ๆœฌ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
10:45
my brothers?" Find ten EngVid videos. Please watch them, and see me say those words over
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10 ๅ€‹ใฎ EngVid ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆคœ็ดขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใŒไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎ
10:50
and over again, and you can call me "bro" whenever you see me. If not, I am not a "bro",
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ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใฏ
10:56
"brother" or "man". I will do that on sports teams; it's true. I'll go, "Yo, that's a good
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ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œ็”ทใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ„ใ„
11:01
shot, man!" Sports. And everybody does it. So here's a little lesson -- and my favorite,
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ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ ใญ๏ผใ€ ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸๆ•™่จ“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ -- ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใ€
11:06
most important. Right, Mr. E? See, he's my bro. We've been hanging for 127 videos. Probably
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชๆ•™่จ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใ€Eใ•ใ‚“๏ผŸ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ 127 ๆœฌใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆ‡ธ่ณžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:09
200 by the time you see this. So he can call me "bro" because we're like brothers. Now,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹้ ƒใซใฏ200ไบบใใ‚‰ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๅ…„ๅผŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใ‚’ใ€Œไปฒ้–“ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
11:16
I will give you the real deal, okay? The "real deal" means the truth or honestly. "Brother".
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๆœฌ็‰ฉใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€ใ„ใ„๏ผŸ ใ€Œๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ ใ€ใจใฏใ€็œŸๅฎŸใพใŸใฏๆญฃ็›ดใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ "ๅ…„ๅผŸ"ใ€‚ ่ฆชใ—ใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹
11:21
People will call each other "brothers" who have a close relationship. If you go to war,
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ไบบใฏใ€ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆˆฆไบ‰
11:26
you play on sports teams, or you've had a long -- like my brother-in-law Noyen. He's
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ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใƒใƒผใƒ ใงใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€็พฉ็†ใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใฎใƒŽใ‚คใ‚จใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้•ทใ้Žใ”ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹. ๅฝผ
11:31
like my brother. From different family, but like my brother. He's been around so long.
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ใฏ็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸๅฎถใฏ้•ใ† ใ‘ใฉๅผŸใซใใฃใใ‚Šใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้•ทใ„้–“ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:35
He can call me "brother", and we call each other "brother". Noyen is white and Turkish,
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ๅฝผใฏ็งใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€็งใŸใกใฏใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใƒŽใ‚คใ‚จใƒณใฏ็™ฝไบบใงใƒˆใƒซใ‚ณไบบใงใ™
11:39
okay? Totally different. But we're like brothers, so it's okay with me. Now, if you have one
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๅ…จใ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚็งใŸใกใฏ ๅ…„ๅผŸใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
11:47
of those relationships, you can call somebody of color "brother". Okay?
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ใ€ๆœ‰่‰ฒไบบ็จฎใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:51
Second reason. This is DNA. If you are literally from the same mother -- "literally" means
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็ฌฌไบŒใฎ็†็”ฑใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒDNAใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚ŠๅŒใ˜ๆฏ่ฆชใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ - ใ€Œๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€ใฏ
11:57
"exactly" -- you come out of the same mother, you can call them "brother" because they are
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ใ€Œๆญฃ็ขบใซใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ - ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒใ˜ๆฏ่ฆชใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ. ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใ
12:01
your brother. That's biological, okay? If you are non-African -- hey, hell, if you're
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ใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใฏ็”Ÿ็‰ฉๅญฆ็š„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ— ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้žใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซไบบใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใชใ‚‰ใ€ใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใฃใŸ
12:08
from Africa. Okay, I'm from Canada. You go, "Brother, how are you?" I go, "We're not brothers."
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็งใฏใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ€ŒใŠๅ…„ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๅ…„ๅผŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:15
I don't know you, okay? This is usually used for North American, and they call themselves
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธ ใ€ๅŒ—็ฑณไบบใซๅฏพใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใ‚’ใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซ็ณปใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™
12:21
African Americans. They will call each other "brother" or "bro", and they're usually from
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’ ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไปฒ้–“ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใณใ€้€šๅธธใฏ
12:26
ghetto neighborhoods, or -- not even ghetto, but lower class neighborhoods is where it
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ใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใƒผๅœฐๅŒบใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใƒผใงใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไธ‹ๅฑค้šŽ็ดšใฎๅœฐๅŒบใŒ็™บ็ฅฅใฎ
12:29
started from. Okay? So be careful when you use it. The best rule is if you have blood
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ๅœฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆœ€่‰ฏใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ€่ก€็ธ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
12:35
relations, call somebody your "brother". If you have a long relationship, and you're close,
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ไป˜ใๅˆใ„ใŒ้•ทใ่ฆชใ—ใ„ไบบใฏใ€
12:38
call someone "brother". If you've just met them on the street, you ain't nobody's brother.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ทฏไธŠใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใซไผšใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
12:43
Don't even think about it. I know -- no, don't. Stop. Stop. No. Okay? We like you. Say, "Hi,
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™-ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆญขใพใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๆญขใพใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็ง้”ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
12:51
guy!" Not, "Hi, man." Try that. And you'll be surprised at the reaction you get. Anyway.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ๏ผใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็”ทใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅพ—ใ‚‹ๅๅฟœใซ้ฉšใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚
12:56
"Confused words" because, as you know, people think "brother" means "friend", but it can
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ใ€Œๆททไนฑใ—ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใฏใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใ€Œๅ…„ๅผŸใ€ใฏใ€Œๅ‹้”ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€
13:01
be insulting to people, so be careful with that one. "Guys" -- anything with a girl or
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ไบบใ‚’ไพฎ่พฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ "Guys" -- ๅฅณใฎๅญใ‚„
13:05
guy is "guys", right? Remember, unless it's older women. "Partner" -- be very careful
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็”ทใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ "guys" ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ๅนด้…ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€ - ใใ‚Œใซใฏๅๅˆ†ๆณจๆ„
13:11
with that. Is it partner as in a long-term relationship; is it is business associate;
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚ขใ‚ฝใ‚ทใ‚จใ‚คใƒˆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:15
or is it a gay relationship? Context tells you what. "Friend" -- nobody is your friend.
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ‚ฒใ‚ค้–ขไฟ‚ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ‹้”ใ€ -- ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:21
Don't be confused. Unless we've known each other a long time, you're just an acquaintance.
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ๆททไนฑใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒ้•ทใ„้–“ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„้™ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ ใฎ็Ÿฅใ‚Šๅˆใ„ใงใ™.
13:26
And "girlfriend" -- as Oprah would say, and before I get out, "Yo, Mr. E.! Girlfriend!
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ - ใ‚ชใƒ—ใƒฉใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ็งใŒๅ‡บใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ€Eใ•ใ‚“! ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰!
13:30
I got to get going now, you know what I'm saying, my brother? I got to see my partner,
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็งใฏไปŠ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ ใชใ„ใ€็งใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใ€็งใฎ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹?
13:34
partner in crime, you know?" Anyway. Hope you had fun. I enjoyed this lesson. I hope
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€็Šฏ็ฝชใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸใ€ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
13:40
you did. And it will help you when you're trying to make friends by not using these
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆททไนฑใ—ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅ‹้”ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
13:44
confused words and confusing the relationship. Anyway, got to go. Have a good one. See you
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. ใจใซใ‹ใ่กŒใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
13:50
in a bit. Don't forget. Where are you going to go? www.engvid.com, where you can go and
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ใญใ€‚ ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใ€‚ ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใฎ๏ผŸ www.engvid.comใ€ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€
13:58
do the quizzes that follow this lesson, okay? And don't forget to click "like" on the box, all right? See you.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ็ถšใใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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