How to use your dictionary to build your vocabulary

753,328 views ใƒป 2013-11-22

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:04
The Canadian-English Dictionary. Over 500 sold. Not many Canadians, I think, eh? Just
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€่‹ฑ่ชž่พžๆ›ธใ€‚ 500ๅ€‹ไปฅไธŠ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ไบบใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ„ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใปใ‚“ใฎ
00:12
joking. It's 500,000, and my name is James from EngVid. Welcome. I'm going to help you
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ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ 500,000 ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ EngVid ใฎ James ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ›ใ€‚
00:18
today learn to use this thing and not this thing. And there's a reason why, and I'm going
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใงใฏใชใใ€ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใซใฏ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
00:28
to tell you why today because I think it's an important lesson that I don't see people
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ
00:33
really talk about a lot. They -- in classes, and I teach classes, we mention it. And students
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใชๆ•™่จ“ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ - ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใ€ใใ—ใฆ ็งใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ
00:38
always come -- not always. Bad. You're so forward. They usually use an electronic dictionary,
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆฅใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ‚ชใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ‰ๅ‘ใใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใ„ใฆใ„้›ปๅญ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™
00:45
but I prefer the paper because today I'm going to teach you how to build your vocabulary
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ใŒใ€็งใฏ็ด™ใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ•ฐ็™พๅนดๅ‰ใฎ้›ปๅญ่พžๆ›ธ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
00:51
using this, something that's a few hundred years old.
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ใ€‚
00:55
So let's start off: "Know your dictionary." Do you know what your dictionary -- do you
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:00
know who your dictionary is or what your dictionary is? I ask you because I'm going to ask you
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใŒไฝ•ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใŒ่ชฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
01:05
do you know "prescriptive" versus "descriptive"? Most students don't know the difference, and
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ใ€Œ่ฆ็ฏ„็š„ใ€ใจใ€Œ่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ้•ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
01:10
it's a very important difference for you to know. If you're a native English speaker,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
01:15
this is your dictionary. It's good. It's great. It says things like, "'Choral' -- or of a
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅˆๅ”ฑ
01:22
choir. 'Chorale': slow stately hymn tune", and you're thinking, well, if you're learning
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ๅ›ฃใฎๅˆๅ”ฑๅ›ฃใฎใ€Žๅˆๅ”ฑใ€ใ€‚ใ€Žใ‚ณใƒฉใƒผใƒซใ€: ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจใ—ใŸ่˜ๅŽณใช่ณ›็พŽๆญŒใฎๆ—‹ๅพ‹ใ€ใชใฉใจ
01:28
English, "What did James just say to me?" There are many of these things. "'Retrench':
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ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใฏไปŠ็งใซไฝ•ใฆ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎ? " ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ€Œๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ€:
01:33
reduce expenditure, cut." You know, like, "What?" Well, this is because it's prescriptive.
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ๆ”ฏๅ‡บใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ€ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใชใซ๏ผŸใ€ใฟใŸใ„ใชใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‡ฆๆ–น็ฎ‹ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:39
"Prescriptive". Think of a doctor, you know, the guy who checks your chest, like, your
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ใ€Œๅ‡ฆๆ–น็ฎ‹ใ€ใ€‚ ๅŒป่€…ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ƒธใ‚„ๅฟƒ่‡“ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใงใ™
01:42
heart. He prescribed something to you, right? Gives you something. But he doesn't give you
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‡ฆๆ–นใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚ใชใŸ
01:49
any kind of extra information. He's the doctor. He's the expert. They tell you and you know.
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ใซ็‰นๅˆฅใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅŒป่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
Well, if you have a command of the English language or you speak English, of course you
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใŒ ๅ ช่ƒฝใงใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
01:59
know all the other words they use. "'Critic': Professional judge." I know all these words.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ€Ž่ฉ•่ซ–ๅฎถใ€: ใƒ—ใƒญใฎ่ฃๅˆคๅฎ˜ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
I don't have to learn these words, so it's great. But if you're learning English -- and
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’
02:10
learning English -- and I want to tell you this because a lot of people don't know. You
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ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸ
02:14
know my name, right? My name is James ESL, right? James. I can't even spell my own name.
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ใฏ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บ ESL ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใ€‚ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅๅ‰ใ™ใ‚‰ๆ›ธใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:18
It's a lie. My name is James ESL. And some of you said, for sure, "What is "ESL? That's
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ใ†ใใ ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บ ESL ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใ€Œใ€ŒESLใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œ
02:26
a funny name." Because it's not my name. "ESL" stands for "English as a Second Language".
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ใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ๅๅ‰ใงใ™." ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใง. "ESL" ใฏ "็ฌฌไบŒ่จ€่ชžใจใ—ใฆใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž" ใฎ
02:33
That's what it stands for. Many of your teachers use it, and they never tell you what it means.
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็•ฅใงใ™. ใใ‚ŒใŒใใ‚ŒใŒ่กจใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ•™ๅธซใฎๅคšใใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™, ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•™ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“.
02:38
So it means James is teaching English as a second language. And that's for you guys.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™. ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚นใฏ็ฌฌไบŒ่จ€่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ ใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใฏ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™.
02:43
You have French, Hindi, Arabic as first languages, and you want to get another language. What
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็ฌฌไธ€่จ€่ชžใจใ—ใฆใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชž, ใƒ’ใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผ่ชž, ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ“ใ‚ข่ชžใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’็ฟ’ๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™.
02:49
you need is a descriptive dictionary. What does that mean? Well, let me explain something
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ๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Ž็š„ใช่พžๆ›ธใงใ™. ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ็ง
02:55
to you. There is a thing that is long, has a big head, a smile. It has little lines on
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™. ้•ทใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™, ๅคงใใช้ ญใจ็ฌ‘้ก”. ใใฎไฝ“ใซใฏๅฐใ•ใช็ทšใŒ
03:06
its body. Its first name starts with M. His last name starts with E. Do you know whom
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ๅๅ‰ใฏMใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™. ๅฝผใฎ ๅง“ใฏEใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™.
03:12
I'm describing? It's Mr. E. Right? I described it to you. An ESL dictionary is descriptive,
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m ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? E ใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ . ESL ่พžๆ›ธใฏ่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„
03:21
right? So the first thing you should know is, is your dictionary prescriptive or descriptive?
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ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใฏๅ‡ฆๆ–น็š„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹?
03:26
"Prescriptive", like a prescription from a doctor -- it just tells you this is what the
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ใ€Œๅ‡ฆๆ–น็š„ใ€ใ€ๅŒป่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅ‡ฆๆ–น็ฎ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ -- ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
03:31
word means. It does not give explanation -- it gives an explanation, but no diagrams and
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ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ -- ่ชฌๆ˜Žใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅ›ณใ‚„่ชฌๆ˜Žใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
03:35
no definition, okay? Or explanation. For example, a descriptive one not only tells you what
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฎš็พฉใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Ž็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ไธ–็•ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ
03:42
the world is, it gives you an example of its use in speech. It helps you. Maybe even a
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ใงใฎไฝฟ็”จไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšๅˆ†
03:46
picture to show you. That's for the ESL. So when you're looking for a paper dictionary,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅ†™็œŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏESLใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ด™ใฎ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
03:52
go to your bookstore and ask for a descriptive dictionary because you're studying ESL, and
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ใจใใฏใ€ESL ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ›ธๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆ่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„
03:58
they'll give you the perfect dictionary for you, okay?
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ใช ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:01
So what are we going to do next? That's the first thing: Know what dictionary you have
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹่พžๆ›ธใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
04:06
because this one will help. Now, I will tell you this, though: Once you start going from
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
the beginning and intermediate, you need the prescriptive because that's what a fluent
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ๅˆ็ดšใจไธญ็ดšใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ฆ็ฏ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆตๆšขใช
04:14
native speaker would use, and that's what you use. So there's a reason for both. Don't
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใซใ‚‚็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใง
04:18
forget that. If you're advanced, get prescriptive. If you're new, get descriptive. Know your
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธŠ็ดš่€…ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ฆ็ฏ„็š„ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
04:24
dictionary. Next. Does your dictionary use phonetic or
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ใ€‚ ๆฌกใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ่พžๆ›ธใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐๅญฆใ‚’
04:30
does it use syllables to tell you how the word sounds? "Huh?" Well, I investigated because
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? "ใฏ๏ผŸ" ่ชฟๆŸปใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€
04:36
I'm like a reporter -- like Clark Kent, Superman -- and I discovered that not every dictionary
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็งใŒใƒฌใƒใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ -- ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒณใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ฑใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ -- ใ™ในใฆใฎ่พžๆ›ธใŒๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
04:41
is the same. Some use phonetics, and they use the International Phonetic Alphabet. Some
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. ้Ÿณๅฃฐๅญฆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:46
of you have studied it in school, right? Where you have those funny little things, where,
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ๅญฆๆ กใง็ฟ’ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:50
you know, like the upside down E -- I can't even do it. I think it's like -- and it means
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้€†ใ•ใพใฎEใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€้ข็™ฝใ„ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚-็งใฏใใ‚Œใ•ใˆใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™-ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
04:53
something to you people, okay? But in international language, you would use these symbols to show
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ›ฝ้š› ่จ€่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ˜ๅทใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
04:59
language, right? They use this phonetic alphabet because they know it's international, and
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่จ€่ชžใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ›ฝ้š›็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณๅฃฐใ‚ขใƒซใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ™ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€
05:06
people who study languages will also use it. But a lot of English dictionaries just use
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่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถไบบใ€…ใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™. ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่พžๆ›ธใฎๅคšใใฏ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„
05:10
syllables. They break the word down into, like -- sorry -- numb nuts? Number. Number.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅˆ†่งฃใ—ใฆใ€ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€้บป็—บใ—ใŸใƒŠใƒƒใƒ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็•ชๅทใ€‚ ็•ชๅทใ€‚
05:20
And what they're looking for is vowel sound, not vowels. Don't make a mistake. I've often
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใงใฏใชใใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ้–“้•ใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
05:25
done it and told students -- I say, you know, "When we use syllables we break it down to
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ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใŸใกใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ
05:29
units of a word with a vowel." And what I mean to say is "with a vowel sound" because
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ใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ˜ไฝใซๅˆ†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€Œๆฏ้Ÿณใงใ€ใจใ„ใ†
05:35
sometimes there will be two vowels, but they make a sound. For example, "ee" or "ei" can
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ๆฏ้ŸณใŒ 2 ใคใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใจใ‹ใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใจใ‹
05:40
make one sound, okay? And that can be in a vowel unit. So check to see if your dictionary
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ใฏไธ€้Ÿณใงใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆฏ้Ÿณๅ˜ไฝใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธ
05:46
is either phonetic -- and that means you're going to need the International Phonetic Alphabet
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ใŒ่กจ้Ÿณ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹
05:49
-- or syllable-based, which means they will break the word into units with a syllable
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ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใฎ่พžๆ›ธใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:54
sound. Easy? Is that understood? Let's move on, okay?
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ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:58
So that's something you're going to look at because this will help you build your vocabulary
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06:01
because knowing what a word looks like and what it sounds like is very, very different,
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ€ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
06:07
okay? And this is to help you pronounce the word. Remember: Learning vocabulary is (1)know
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™. ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผš่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใฏใ€๏ผˆ1๏ผ‰
06:13
when you see it, (2) know when you hear it, (3) know how to say it, (4) understand what
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€๏ผˆ2๏ผ‰ใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจใใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ๏ผˆ3๏ผ‰ใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€๏ผˆ4๏ผ‰ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃ
06:17
it means. Then you build vocabulary. And this is "know what it sounds like", okay? Next.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹. ๆฌกใซ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€Œใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๆฌกใ€‚
06:24
(C) What part of speech? Well, what is the word? I can spell less "beaty" like "Ned Beatty", but that's not what I wanted to write.
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(C) ๅ“่ฉžใฏ? ใ•ใฆใ€่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒปใƒ“ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œใƒ“ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€ใฎ็ถดใ‚Šใฏๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆ›ธใใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:51
When you "beautify" something, it's not the same as "beauty". "He's a right beauty." "She's
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œ็พŽๅŒ–ใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€Œ็พŽใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„็พŽใ—ใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณ
06:56
a beauty." Right? They're different words. So we're asking ourselves, what, what do these
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ใฏ็พŽไบบใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซๅ•ใ„ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
07:02
words do, right? "She's a beauty", so we're looking at an adjective and adverb. "Beautify",
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽไบบใงใ™ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็พŽๅŒ–ใ€ใ€
07:07
adverbs do a different job than an adjective, right? So the dictionary will tell you how
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใฏ้•ใ†ๅƒใใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่พžๆ›ธใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™
07:11
to use it. Remember we said, "What does it sound like?" First part is, it tells you what
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฉใ‚“ใช้Ÿณ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎ
07:16
it looks like, right? It gives you the word, the word. The next one tells you what it sounds
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
07:20
like. The next one tells you how to use it, right? "That girl is a beauty." Or "What a
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ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ใฎๅจ˜ใฏ็พŽไบบใ ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ
07:26
beauty she is." Versus, "We need to beautify our house." It's not the same. And you have
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใชใ‚“ใฆ็พŽใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใ€‚ ๅฏพใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๅฎถใ‚’็พŽใ—ใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
07:31
to know what part of speech to use it otherwise you'll use it badly, okay? Next.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ“่ฉžใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใ€‚
07:37
We're going to go over to "other possible forms". So other possible forms are -- well,
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ใ€Œใใฎไป–ใฎๅฏ่ƒฝใชๅฝขๅผใ€ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใซ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฝขๅผใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Š
07:44
let me correct something I made a mistake on. I said it. I made a mistake because I'm
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ใงใ™ใ€‚้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’่จ‚ๆญฃใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ไบบ้–“ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰้–“้•ใˆใŸ
07:49
human. I was so busy thinking about the mistake I made with "beauty" I said this was an adverb.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œbeautyใ€ใง็Šฏใ—ใŸ้–“้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:56
It's a verb. So I know you guys who love to catch me, you caught me. Ow, ow, bad teacher,
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใช็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€
08:02
all right? It's a verb, all right? So we've got noun, verb. Now, let's go to "other possible
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใใฎไป–ใฎๅฏ่ƒฝใช
08:08
forms", okay? Now, what the dictionary will also do to help you is after it tells you
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ๅฝขๆ…‹ใ€ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€่พžๆ›ธ ใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ€
08:12
this is a noun or this is a verb -- noun, verb, okay -- it'll tell you other forms.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ่ฉžใ‹ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใŸๅพŒใงใ™.ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™.
08:18
It might tell you, okay, you could do something "slow" or "slowly". Or you can have "pant",
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ใ€Œใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„ใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
08:24
which is completely different. "Pant" is [pant like a dog] and "pants", which I'm wearing,
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„ใ€ใฏ[ ็Šฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ–˜ใŽ]ใจใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„ใ€ใงใ€็งใŒ็€ใฆ
08:28
but you can't see. You know, I am wearing them, trust me. I'm not doing it in my underwear.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธ‹็€ใงใฏใ‚„ใฃใฆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:32
E goes naked; I come clothed, okay? So it'll tell you other possible forms that you can
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Eใฏ่ฃธใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆœใ‚’็€ใฆๆฅใพใ™ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๅฏ่ƒฝใชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‚ˆ
08:37
use of that word, right? Now, I've given you something to help you
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ใญ? ใ•ใฆใ€่พžๆ›ธใฎ ๅŠฉใ‘ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใŒ
08:40
with the dictionary, and this is fun. It's a nice, short lesson. I'm hoping it's going
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็Ÿญใใฆใ„ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:43
to be very useful because even Canadians -- I say "Canadians"; I'm sorry, but a lot of English
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ไบบใงใ•ใˆ - ็งใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ไบบใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž
08:48
speakers don't know how to use the dictionary because it's set up in a way they just kind
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่ฉฑ่€…ใฏ่พžๆ›ธใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚่พžๆ›ธ ใฏๅ˜ใซๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จญๅฎšใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€่พžๆ›ธ
08:52
of look for the definition, and they don't know that these things are there to help them.
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ใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ .
08:56
There have been words I've looked for where I've said, like, "discombooblate" because
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็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œdiscombobulateใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œdiscombobulateใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
09:01
I don't know it's "discombobulate" because I don't understand if it's phonetic or the
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ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™
09:05
symbol -- syllable. I can speak English, really. And I had to learn when I started teaching
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใซๆ•™ใˆๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใ€็งใฏๅญฆใฐใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
09:12
students. When they say, "Teacher, why?" And I go, "Well this is for this. This -- oh,
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„
09:16
golly, it is." This is very helpful stuff, right? But before I go too far off course,
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœฌ้กŒใ‹ใ‚‰้ ใ–ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคงใใๅค–ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ๅ‰ใซ
09:22
which means away from the subject, I want to give you some tips because this is good.
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ใ€ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:27
This gives you power like a super power. You can use this and go, "I can learn words without
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ‘ใƒฏใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใƒ‘ใƒฏใƒผใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏไป–ใฎไบบ้–“ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใšใซๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
09:33
the use of any other human being. Read, see, and hear." But how about we build, because
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ใ€‚่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€่ฆ‹ใฆ ใ€่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
09:38
that's what the nature of this lesson is, to build our vocabulary. So let's go over
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆ€ง่ณชใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹. ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:41
here. Ready? Tips. Tip No. 1: Look up words you
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ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ€‚ ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆ 1:
09:46
hear every day, and then look at the words above and below the word to understand prefixes.
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ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ ไธŠไธ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:52
This sentence makes no sense whatsoever. But it does because I'll explain it. What I mean
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏไฝ•ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎ
09:57
is, every day, when you're learning English, you're going to learn a new vocabulary word
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ใฏใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
10:00
or whatnot. And what I want you to do is take that word, write it down, then go home, open
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. ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ—ใฆๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ–ใฃใฆๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ€ๅฎถใซๅธฐใฃ
10:06
your paper dictionary, okay? And then look at the word, but look at the word above and
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ใฆ็ด™ใฎ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใฎไธŠใจไธ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰
10:11
below because -- I'm going to give you one right now. I'm looking here, and it says -- I'm
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ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™-็งใฏ
10:15
looking at "implore". It means "beg", which means to go, "Please, please, please, please
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ใ€Œๅ˜†้ก˜ใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œbegใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€ใ€ŒใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ€
10:19
come back to EngVid and see James! Please! I beg you!" Okay? So "implore". Then, I look
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EngVid ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€James ใซไผšใ„ใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใงใ™๏ผใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ— ใพใ™๏ผใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ้ ผใ‚€ใ€ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
10:24
down at "imply". Then, I look at -- it says "implicit". And each one I get the idea that
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ใ€Œๆš—็คบใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ไธ‹ใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ใ€Œๆš—้ป™็š„ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œ
10:29
there's something inside. Then I realize "im" means "inside" or "in". Ooh. That was interesting.
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ใฎไธญใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹. ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œimใ€ใฏ ใ€Œinsideใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œinใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
10:36
So then, I start looking down and there's "impossible" and "importune", "impose", "impostor",
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ใใ‚Œใงไธ‹ใ‚’ๅ‘ใ„ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚Šใˆใชใ„ใ€ใ€Œๅผทๅผ•ใ€ใ€ŒๆŠผใ—ไป˜ใ‘ใ€ใ€Œใชใ‚Šใ™ใพใ—ใ€
10:41
"impotent". I'm not impotent. Maybe the worm. He's soft, but not me. Anyway. Well, what
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ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใƒใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใ€ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็„กๅŠ›ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€
10:47
I'm saying is, all of these "im" words are in here, and I start going, "Oh, my gosh.
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็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ€Œ็งใ€ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹
10:51
They all kind of have a similar meaning." It helps me build my vocabulary faster because
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:55
I learned what's called a "prefix". A "prefix" means -- "pre" is before -- something in front
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ใ€ŒๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใฎใงใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€Ÿใๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™. ใ€ŒๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ€ใจ ใฏใ€ใ€Œๅ‰ใ€ใฏใ€Œๅ‰ใ€
10:59
of a word that gives meaning to the word or adds meaning to the word, right? And that's
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ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€ๅ˜่ชžใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜่ชž ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ‰ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
11:04
what we're doing. We're learning it, so it helps me build my vocabulary by learning prefixes.
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็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ๆŽฅ้ ญ่พžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใง่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™.
11:09
Kind of cool, huh? How about the second one? Let's go to the
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ‹ใฃใ“ใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผŸ 2ใค็›ฎใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒขใƒ‹ใ‚ฟใƒผใซ ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
11:12
monitor. He's going to talk again. Ready? Actually, it's not a monitor, it's Mr. E.
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใพใŸ่ฉฑใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ ๅฎŸใฏใƒขใƒ‹ใ‚ฟใƒผใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ
11:17
You've always wondered what I sound like, and yes, I have a sexy voice. So, the next
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ใฆMr.Eใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใคใ‚‚็งใฎๅฃฐใŒๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‘ใฉ ใ€ใใ†ใ€็งใฏใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใชๅฃฐใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฌกใซ
11:22
thing you want to do -- tip No. 2 is: Randomly -- "randomly" means not in order, just whenever
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ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใฏ -- ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆ 2 ใงใ™: ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซ -- ใ€Œใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซใ€ใจใฏใ€้ †ๅบใฉใŠใ‚Šใงใฏใชใใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚
11:28
-- for 2 or 3, 2 or 3, and try to make sentences. What the heck does that mean? Well, Mr. E,
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-- 2 ใ‹ 3 ใ‹ 2 ใ‹ 3 ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€Eใ•ใ‚“ใ€
11:36
that's why I'm here. What Mr. E meant to say was this: Randomly take, take -- Mr. E -- 2
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ Eใ•ใ‚“ใŒ่จ€ใ„ ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซๅ–ใ‚‹ใ€ๅ–ใ‚‹ - Eใ•ใ‚“ - 2
11:45
or 3 words, okay? I want to make sure you can see it because I'm running out of room
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ใคใ‹3ใคใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ ใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใŒ่ถณใ‚ŠใชใใชใฃใฆใใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„
11:49
here. So I'm just going to put 2 or 3 words -- and try and make a sentence with it. So
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. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€2 ใคใ‹ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
11:53
I've got "word" -- S. See? Two mistakes. Are you happy now? Bad, bad James. Okay, look.
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็งใฏใ€Œ่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ - S. ใปใ‚‰๏ผŸ 2ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆ‚ชใ„ใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:01
So look at randomly for 2 or 3 words. And just open up the dictionary, and you take,
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ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซ 2 ใคใพใŸใฏ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€่พžๆ›ธใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ€
12:07
"bloom", and then take "incentive", and then take "platinum". "As an incentive for my blooming
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ใ€Œ้–‹่Šฑใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใƒใƒŠใ€ใฎ้ †ใซๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฎ้–‹่Šฑใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใจใ—ใฆ
12:13
business, I got a platinum card." Oh, he teaches English. That's right. I do. What I'm saying
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ใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒใƒŠ ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ
12:20
is you take two or three words randomly, right? And you try and make a sentence with them
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ใฏใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซ 2 ใคใพใŸใฏ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใใ—ใฆ
12:25
using the rules you find from the dictionary. Is it a verb? Is it an adjective? Put them
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ใ€่พžๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
12:30
in place. That will help teach you syntax. So here are two ways you can, by yourself,
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ใ‚’ๆ‰€ๅฎšใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆง‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:35
use this book by yourself and work on your English, learn things that you haven't been
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ใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงไฝฟใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใฟใ€ๆ•™ใˆ ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
12:40
taught, and then prove or, as I said, build your vocabulary. Do you like that? Our little
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ† ใซ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹2ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฎๅฐใ•ใช
12:45
moderator, Mr. E, that voice of his, will be back -- right? -- to help you build your
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ๅธไผš่€…ใ€E ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ใฎๅฃฐ ใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ --
12:50
English vocabulary, syntax, conversation skills, grammar, and whatnot. I like that word. It's
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ€ๆง‹ๆ–‡ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ€ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใชใฉใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ
12:57
my word of the day. Anyway. Thanks a lot. Mr. E -- out. Know your
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็งใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ Eใ•ใ‚“โ€•โ€•ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ€‚
13:01
dictionary, and know yourself, and you'll be victorious in every conversation you have.
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่พžๆ›ธใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎไผš่ฉฑใงๅ‹ๅˆฉใ‚’ๅŽใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:05
Know only -- shut up with the Sun Tzu already. Okay.
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็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง ใ€ใ™ใงใซๅญซๅญใ‚’้ป™ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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