Is chimp politics like ours? - 6 Minute English

65,149 views ・ 2021-09-02

BBC Learning English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi! Neil from BBC Learning English here.
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μ•ˆλ…•! BBC Learning English의 Neil이 여기에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:03
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00:08
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00:14
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μ—μ„œ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” λ°œν‘œμžλ₯Ό μ°ΎμœΌμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
00:16
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00:18
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00:20
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μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ—μ„œλ§Œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:22
bbclearningenglish.com.
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.
00:24
See you there!
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κ±°κΈ°μ„œ 보자!
00:34
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. BBC Learning English의 6λΆ„ μ˜μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:36
BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.
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. μ €λŠ” λ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
And I'm Sam.
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그리고 μ €λŠ” μƒ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
In English, there are many expressions
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μ˜μ–΄μ—λŠ”
00:41
which use an adjective to compare
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ν˜•μš©μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
00:43
humans with animals. For example, you
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인간과 동물을 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λŠ” ν‘œν˜„μ΄ 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄,
00:46
might say, She's as busy as a bee...
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 벌처럼 λ°”μ˜κ³ ...
00:49
As hungry as a horse. But you probably
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말처럼 λ°°κ³ ν”„λ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
00:52
won't hear someone say
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00:54
'She's as clever as a chimpanzee'.
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'κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ§ŒνΌ μ˜λ¦¬ν•˜λ‹€'λŠ” 말을 듣지 λͺ»ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
... which is strange, because of all the
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... μ΄μƒν•˜κ²Œλ„ λͺ¨λ“ 
00:59
animals it's our close cousins,
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동물 μ€‘μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬μ™€ κ°€μž₯ μœ μ‚¬ν•œ 것은 우리의 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ μ‚¬μ΄Œ,
01:01
chimpanzees, or chimps for short,
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ λ˜λŠ” μ€„μ—¬μ„œ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:04
who are most like us.
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.
01:06
Just like humans, chimps are highly
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인간과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ„ 맀우
01:09
intelligent. They live in social groups
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지λŠ₯μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 μ‚¬νšŒ 집단에 μ‚΄κ³ 
01:11
and just like humans these
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있으며 인간과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ 이
01:12
groups have leaders.
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μ§‘λ‹¨μ—λŠ” μ§€λ„μžκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
Also, like humans, chimps have
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λ˜ν•œ 인간과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ„
01:16
a desire for power. In fact,
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ꢌλ ₯μš•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 사싀,
01:18
chimpanzees have their own politics
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01:20
which is surprisingly similar to
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01:23
human politics, as we'll be
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€
01:25
discovering in this programme.
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ“€μ€ λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ μΈκ°„μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ™€ μœ μ‚¬ν•œ κ·Έλ“€λ§Œμ˜ μ •μΉ˜λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
Research shows that the reason
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연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
01:29
chimpanzee behaviour so closely
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ˜ 행동이
01:31
resembles human politics is because
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μΈκ°„μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μ™€ 맀우 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ”
01:33
biologically we are almost identical.
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μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 거의 λ™μΌν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
Did you know that a chimp is more
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€κ°€
01:38
like a human than like a gorilla?
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고릴라보닀 인간에 더 κ°€κΉλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
01:40
So, Sam, my quiz question is this:
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μƒ˜, 제 ν€΄μ¦ˆ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
01:42
biologically, how close are
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μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λŠ” 인간과 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ κ°€κΉŒμš΄κ°€μš”
01:44
chimpanzees to humans? Is it:
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? 그것은:
01:46
a) 79 % ? b) 89 % ?, or c) 99 % ?
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a) 79% ? b) 89%?, λ˜λŠ” c) 99%?
01:53
Well, Neil, if chimps and humans
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음, 닐, λ§Œμ•½ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ™€ 인간이
01:55
are almost identical, I'll guess c) 99 %.
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거의 κ°™λ‹€λ©΄ c) 99%라고 μΆ”μΈ‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
OK, Sam, we'll find out the correct
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, μƒ˜,
02:01
answer at the end of the programme.
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ 끝날 λ•Œ 정닡을 μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
In human societies of course, not
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λ¬Όλ‘  인간 μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ
02:05
everyone gets to be a political leader.
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ •μΉ˜ μ§€λ„μžκ°€ λ˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
It's usually the most powerful or
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일반적으둜 λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ λ˜λŠ” 것은 κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
02:09
ambitious person who
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야심찬 μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:10
becomes president.
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.
02:12
In chimpanzee society this is
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ 이것은 그룹을 μ΄λ„λŠ”
02:14
called the alpha male - the most
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κ°€μž₯ 성곡적이고 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 수컷인 μ•ŒνŒŒ 수컷이라고 λΆˆλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:16
successful and powerful male
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02:18
who leads the group.
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.
02:20
Professor Frans de Waal is an
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Frans de Waal κ΅μˆ˜λŠ”
02:21
expert on chimpanzee behaviour.
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ 행동에 λŒ€ν•œ μ „λ¬Έκ°€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
Here he is on BBC World Service
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μ—¬κΈ° κ·ΈλŠ” BBC World Service
02:26
programme, The Why Factor, telling
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μΈ The Why Factorμ—μ„œ
02:27
presenter, James Tilley, about one
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μ‚¬νšŒμž James Tilleyμ—κ²Œ
02:30
example of chimp behaviour which
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02:32
closely mirrors human politics.
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μΈκ°„μ˜ μ •μΉ˜λ₯Ό λ°€μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ°˜μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ ν–‰λ™μ˜ ν•œ μ˜ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
Older males who are over the hill
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언덕 μœ„μ— 있고
02:38
and cannot be alpha males any more,
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더 이상 μš°λ‘λ¨Έλ¦¬ 수컷이 될 수 μ—†λŠ” λ‚˜μ΄λ“  μˆ˜μ»·μ€ λ―Έλž˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”
02:40
they start grooming a certain young
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νŠΉμ • μ Šμ€ μˆ˜μ»·μ„ μ†μ§ˆν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘
02:42
male who they think has a future,
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02:44
and they may end up making that
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ν•˜κ³  κ²°κ΅­ κ·Έ
02:46
young male the alpha male with
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μ Šμ€ μˆ˜μ»·μ„ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ„μ›€μœΌλ‘œ μ•ŒνŒŒ 수컷으둜 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
their help, meaning that they are
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02:49
essential to the power of
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02:50
that young male...
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κ·Έ μ Šμ€ λ‚¨μ„±μ˜ νž˜μ—...
02:51
They're the power behind the
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그듀은 μ™•μœ„ 뒀에 μžˆλŠ” νž˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:52
throne, really...
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, 정말...
02:53
Yeah - these older males - and you
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λ„€ - 이 λ‚˜μ΄λ“  남성듀 - 그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
02:55
see that in human politics all the
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인간 μ •μΉ˜μ—μ„œ
02:56
time, these older males who have
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항상 λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯λ ₯을 가진 이 λ‚˜μ΄λ“  남성듀을 λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
a lot of influence still.
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.
03:00
Professor de Waal calls chimps
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de Waal κ΅μˆ˜λŠ”
03:02
who are too old to be alpha males,
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μ•ŒνŒŒ 수컷이 λ˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ§Žμ€ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ₯Ό
03:05
over the hill - a phrase describing
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over the hill이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:07
someone who is old and no
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03:09
longer useful or attractive.
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.
03:11
Older chimps try to control younger
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λ‚˜μ΄λ“  μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λŠ”
03:13
males in order to maintain their own
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μžμ‹ μ˜
03:15
power and influence. In other words,
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힘과 영ν–₯λ ₯을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ–΄λ¦° μˆ˜μ»·μ„ ν†΅μ œν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉,
03:18
they are the power behind the
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그듀은 μ™•μ’Œ 뒀에 μžˆλŠ” ꢌλ ₯μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
throne - an expression meaning
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03:21
someone with no official power but
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곡적인 ꢌλ ₯은 μ—†μ§€λ§Œ λ°°ν›„μ—μ„œ
03:23
who secretly controls
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μ€λ°€νžˆ ν†΅μ œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” ν‘œν˜„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:24
things in the background.
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.
03:26
Another example of chimp
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ μ •μΉ˜μ˜ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ˜ˆλŠ”
03:27
politics is when several weaker
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μ•½ν•œ
03:29
males gang up and overthrow a
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수컷 λͺ‡ λͺ…이 집단을 이루어 더
03:33
stronger alpha male. By working
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κ°•ν•œ μš°λ‘λ¨Έλ¦¬ μˆ˜μ»·μ„ μ „λ³΅μ‹œν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 힘이
03:35
together weaker chimps can
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μ•½ν•œ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ“€μ€ ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
03:37
increase their power and the
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 힘과
03:38
benefits, like food,
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03:40
which power brings.
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힘이 κ°€μ Έλ‹€μ£ΌλŠ” μŒμ‹κ³Ό 같은 ν˜œνƒμ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
According to Simon Hicks, professor
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03:44
of political science at the London
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London
03:46
School of Economics, human
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School of Economics의 μ •μΉ˜ν•™ ꡐ수인 Simon Hicks에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ 인간
03:48
alliances work in exactly the same way.
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동맹은 μ •ν™•νžˆ 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μž‘λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
Here is Professor Hicks speaking
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λ‹€μŒμ€
03:52
with BBC World Service
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BBC World Service
03:54
programme, The Why Factor:
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μΈ The Why Factorμ—μ„œ Hicks κ΅μˆ˜κ°€ λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
So, for example if you imagine three
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
03:58
parties in a parliament, one big one
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μ˜νšŒμ—μ„œ 큰 μ •λ‹Ή ν•˜λ‚˜
04:00
and two small ones, you might think
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와 μž‘μ€ μ •λ‹Ή 두 개둜 κ΅¬μ„±λœ μ„Έ 개의 정당을 μƒμƒν•œλ‹€λ©΄
04:02
that naturally the most likely coalition
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μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λŠ₯성이 높은 연합은 λ‹€μŒ
04:03
is the big party with either one
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κ³Ό 같은 큰 정당이라고 생각할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
of the two small ones, whereas,
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두 개의 μž‘μ€ 것 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜, λ°˜λ©΄μ—
04:07
in fact, minimum winning coalition
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ΅œμ†Œ 승리 μ—°ν•©
04:08
prediction would suggest the two
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μ˜ˆμΈ‘μ€ 두 개의
04:09
smaller ones should get together,
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μž‘μ€ 것이 ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ¨μ—¬μ•Ό 함을 μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
if together they can reach more
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ν•¨κ»˜λΌλ©΄
04:12
than 50 percent of the seats,
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μ˜μ„μ˜ 50% 이상에 도달할
04:14
because they can divide up the
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수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
spoils between the two of them.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜.
04:16
Whereas, if either one of them form
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λ°˜λ©΄μ— κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€
04:18
a coalition with a big party, the big
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큰 μ •λ‹Ήκ³Ό 연합을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λ©΄ 큰
04:20
party would dominate, and they
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정당이 지배할 것이고 그듀은
04:21
wouldn't get many of the
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04:22
spoils for themselves.
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κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ μ„ μœ„ν•΄ λ§Žμ€ μ „λ¦¬ν’ˆμ„ 얻지 λͺ»ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
Professor Hicks recommends
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Hicks κ΅μˆ˜λŠ”
04:26
that smaller political parties get
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μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ 정당이
04:28
together - join together in a group
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ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ¨μ—¬
04:30
to combine their power.
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ꢌλ ₯을 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ 묢을 것을 ꢌμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
These smaller parties could form
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이 μž‘μ€ 정당듀은
04:34
a coalition - a collection of different
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04:37
political groups who unite for a
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04:39
limited time to form a government.
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μ •λΆ€λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ œν•œλœ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μ—°ν•©ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ •μΉ˜ μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ 집합체인 연합을 ν˜•μ„±ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
In human politics making coalitions
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인간 μ •μΉ˜μ—μ„œ 연합을 λ§Œλ“€λ©΄ μ„ κ±°μ—μ„œ μŠΉλ¦¬ν• 
04:44
improves your chances of
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κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ†’μ•„μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:45
winning an election.
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.
04:46
And in chimpanzee politics coalitions
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그리고 μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ μ •μΉ˜μ—μ„œ 연합은
04:49
are a good way for young male
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μ Šμ€ 수컷
04:51
chimps to defeat the alpha male
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€κ°€ μš°λ‘λ¨Έλ¦¬ μˆ˜μ»·μ„ 물리치고 κ·Έλ“€
04:53
and divide up the spoils between
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μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ μ „λ¦¬ν’ˆμ„ λ‚˜λˆ„λŠ” 쒋은 λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:55
themselves. Here, the word spoils
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. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ „λ¦¬ν’ˆμ΄λž€
04:59
means the benefits obtained by
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05:01
winning a war or being in
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μ „μŸμ—μ„œ μ΄κΈ°κ±°λ‚˜
05:02
a strong position.
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μœ λ¦¬ν•œ μœ„μΉ˜μ— μžˆμ–΄ μ–»λŠ” 이읡을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
For ambitious alpha chimps the
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야심 μ°¬ μ•ŒνŒŒ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ˜ 경우
05:06
spoils might include getting first
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μ „λ¦¬ν’ˆμ—λŠ”
05:08
choice of food and female partners.
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μŒμ‹κ³Ό μ—¬μ„± νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆλ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 것이 포함될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
While for human politicians power
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반면 인간 μ •μΉ˜μΈμ—κ²ŒλŠ” ꢌλ ₯이
05:12
can bring wealth and fame as well.
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뢀와 λͺ…μ˜ˆλ₯Ό κ°€μ Έλ‹€ 쀄 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
And there's something else alpha
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그리고 μ•ŒνŒŒ
05:16
chimpanzees and human politicians
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ™€ 인간 μ •μΉ˜μΈμ˜
05:18
have in common - they like to show
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곡톡점이 또 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은
05:20
their softer side by kissing babies!
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μ•„κΈ°μ—κ²Œ ν‚€μŠ€ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μžμ‹ μ˜ λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€! κ²°κ΅­
05:24
It looks like chimps and humans
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ™€ 인간은
05:25
share many similar behaviours after all -
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μœ μ‚¬ν•œ 행동을 많이 κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
which reminds me of your
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이것은 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜
05:29
quiz question, Neil.
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ν€΄μ¦ˆ 질문인 Neil을 μƒκ°λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
Yes, in my quiz question I asked Sam
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예, ν€΄μ¦ˆ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ—μ„œ Samμ—κ²Œ
05:33
how similar we are to chimps.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€μ™€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μœ μ‚¬ν•œμ§€ λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:35
What did you say, Sam?
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뭐라고 ν–ˆμ–΄, μƒ˜?
05:37
I said that, biologically speaking,
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λ‚˜λŠ” μƒλ¬Όν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§ν•˜λ©΄
05:40
we're - c) 99 % the same.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” c) 99% κ°™λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
Which is the correct answer!
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정닡은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ!
05:44
Well done, Sam - you're as
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μž˜ν–ˆμ–΄, μƒ˜ - λ„Œ
05:45
clever as a chimp!
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μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€λ§ŒνΌ μ˜λ¦¬ν•΄!
05:46
Ah, thanks, Neil! And you're
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μ•„, κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œ, 닐! 그리고 당신은
05:48
definitely not over the hill! Let's
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 언덕 μœ„μ— μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
05:51
recap the vocabulary from today's
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05:53
programme about chimp politics,
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05:55
starting with alpha male - the most
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05:58
successful and powerful
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05:59
male in any group.
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λͺ¨λ“  κ·Έλ£Ήμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 성곡적이고 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 수컷인 μš°λ‘λ¨Έλ¦¬ μˆ˜μ»·λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬ μΉ¨νŒ¬μ§€ μ •μΉ˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ 였늘 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ μ–΄νœ˜λ₯Ό μš”μ•½ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
06:01
Over the hill is used to describe
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Over the hill은
06:03
someone who is old and no
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λŠ™μ–΄μ„œ
06:05
longer useful or attractive.
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더 이상 μœ μš©ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 맀λ ₯적이지 μ•Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™•μ’Œ
06:07
Someone who is the power behind
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뒀에 μžˆλŠ” ꢌλ ₯μžλŠ”
06:09
the throne secretly controls things
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μ€λ°€ν•˜κ²Œ 사물을 ν†΅μ œ
06:12
but has no official power.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 곡적인 κΆŒν•œμ€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:14
Get together means join
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Get togetherλŠ” 그룹으둜 ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ¨μ΄λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:15
together as a group.
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.
06:17
A coalition is when different
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연합은 μ—¬λŸ¬
06:18
political groups temporarily
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μ •μΉ˜ 집단이 μΌμ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ
06:21
unite to form a government.
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μ—°ν•©ν•˜μ—¬ μ •λΆ€λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
And finally, the spoils are benefits
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, μ „λ¦¬ν’ˆμ€ μ „μŸμ—μ„œ μŠΉλ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬
06:25
or advantages gained by
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얻은 ν˜œνƒ λ˜λŠ” μ΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:27
winning a war.
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.
06:28
That's all for this programme.
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이것이 이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ μ „λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
Bye for now!
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ•ˆλ…•!
06:31
Goodbye!
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μ•ˆλ…•νžˆ κ°€μ„Έμš”!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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