Speaking: Being polite - how to soften your English

830,110 views ใƒป 2016-12-12

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi Sian here for BBC Learning English... in this Masterclass we're going to look at something
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€Sian ใงใ™ใ€‚BBC ใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใซ ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใฏใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ
00:06
British people love doing! Being polite.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธๅฏงใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
00:17
No, I'm not coming to your party this evening. Wow, this food is disgusting! Give me some
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ไปŠๆ™ฉใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซใฏ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ“ใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏๅซŒใงใ™๏ผ
00:23
of your lunch. Now sometimes it's ok to be direct - or even blunt with your friends...
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ใŠๅผๅฝ“ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็Ž‡็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€ๅ‹้”ใซ็Ž‡็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:30
but it's important not to sound rude, particularly in the workplace. We're gonna look at 4
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ใŒใ€็‰นใซ่ทๅ ดใงใฏใ€็„ก็คผใซ่žใ“ใˆใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:36
ways you can soften your language to make you more polite...
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่จ€่‘‰้ฃใ„ใ‚’ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’ใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Š็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ 4 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹
00:47
OK, listen to these two requests. Which one
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ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใกใ‚‰
00:51
sounds more polite and less direct, and why?
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ใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธๅฏงใง็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹? ใใฎ็†็”ฑใฏ?
00:55
Number 1: 'Pick me up on your way to the party this evening!'
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ใใฎ1๏ผšใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใ้€”ไธญใง็งใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ๏ผใ€
00:59
Or number 2: 'I was hoping you could give me a lift to the party.'
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ใพใŸใฏใใฎ 2:ใ€Œ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
01:03
Now, number 2 is much more polite. We soften requests, and suggestions and questions by
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ใ•ใฆใ€2็•ชใฎๆ–นใŒใšใฃใจไธๅฏงใงใ™ใ€‚
01:11
using past forms, continuous forms or both. For example, 'I was wondering if you could
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้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€็ถ™็ถšๅฝขใ€ใพใŸใฏใใฎไธกๆ–นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ€ๆๆกˆใ€่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒๅพŒใง้€่ฟŽใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใฃ
01:19
give me a lift later.' We can also make requests softer by using
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ใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ณชๅ•ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐไป˜ใใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
01:24
a negative question with a question tag. So, 'You couldn't give me a lift later, could
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ€ŒๅพŒใง็งใ‚’ๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
01:31
you?' or 'I don't suppose you could pick me up tonight, could you?'
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใฏ่ฟŽใˆใซๆฅใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
01:44
OK, listen to these two opinions. Which do
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OKใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒ
01:47
you think sounds less direct and more polite?
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็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธๅฏงใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
01:52
Number 1: 'You're too young to get married!' Or number 2: 'I reckon you're a little young
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1ไฝ๏ผšใ€Œ็ตๅฉšใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ่‹ฅใ™ใŽใ‚‹๏ผใ€ ใพใŸใฏใใฎ 2:ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ตๅฉšใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏๅฐ‘ใ—่‹ฅใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
01:56
to be getting married!'
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!ใ€
01:58
Yeah, the second one is much less direct. It's softer. We use verbs like reckon, guess,
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ใˆใˆใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝ“ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏใ€reckonใ€guessใ€feel ใชใฉใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
02:05
feel to make your opinions less direct. You can also use vague expressions like 'sort
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ใ—ใฆใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
02:12
of', 'kind of', 'a little bit'. It also helps if you make it into a question: 'Aren't you
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ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฐ‘ใ—ใ€ใชใฉใฎใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใช่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸ
02:19
kind of young to be getting married?'
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ใฏ็ตๅฉšใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‹ฅใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
OK now listen to these two problems. Which
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:34
one sounds less direct?
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ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒฌใ‚ฏใƒˆๆ„ŸใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œ๏ผŸ
02:38
The first one: 'You've made a mistake in this report!'
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1 ใค็›ฎ: ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใง้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸ !ใ€
02:41
Or the second one: 'You seem to have made a mistake here.'
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ใพใŸใฏ 2 ใค็›ฎ: ใ€Œ ใ“ใ“ใง้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:46
Yes, the second one was softer, less direct. We introduce problems with verbs like seem
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ใฏใ„ใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฏใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ•้กŒใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใ€
02:54
and appear to soften them. So, 'You appear to have saved over all my documents'. You
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็งใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ–‡ๆ›ธใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€‚
03:01
could also use these to introduce your own problems. So, 'I seem to have lost those reports you wanted'.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’็ด›ๅคฑใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€.
03:17
Now listen to these two ways of refusing an
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ‚’ๆ–ญใ‚‹ 2 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:21
invitation. Which one sounds less direct?
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ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒฌใ‚ฏใƒˆๆ„ŸใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œ๏ผŸ
03:25
Number 1? 'No, I'm not coming to your party this evening.'
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ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผ1๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏไปŠๆ™ฉใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ€
03:28
or number 2? 'I'm not sure I'll be able to make it to your party this evening.'
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ใพใŸใฏ็•ชๅท2๏ผŸ ใ€ŒไปŠๆ™ฉใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ€
03:32
OK, again the second one was much softer, less direct. We find it really hard to say
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OKใ€2 ใค็›ฎใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆใงใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒŽใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
03:40
no! So instead we use tentative language to soften it. So, 'I'm not sure I'll make it
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๏ผ ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ๆšซๅฎš็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ’Œใ‚‰ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:48
to your party.' Or 'It's looking unlikely I'll be able to come this evening.' This basically
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œ ไปŠๆ™ฉใฏๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใใ†ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
03:54
means 'I'm not coming!'
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆฅใชใ„๏ผใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ็Ž‡็›ด
04:02
Now to find out more about avoiding being too direct, and to practise not being rude,
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ใซใชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ€ๅคฑ็คผใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใ็Ÿฅใ‚Š
04:09
I was hoping you would check out our website bbclearningenglish.com. See you soon, goodbye!
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ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰๏ผ
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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