Same pronunciation, different meaning? Ask BBC Learning English

20,690 views ใƒป 2025-03-23

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
How can you identify words that sound the same but have different meanings?
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ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ญ˜ๅˆฅใงใใพใ™ใ‹ ?
00:05
Here's a question from Marta.
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ใƒžใƒซใ‚ฟใ•ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:08
How to identify words that have the same pronunciation,
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็™บ้ŸณใฏๅŒใ˜ใ ใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ญ˜ๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
00:12
but they have different meanings?
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?
00:15
We also want your questions.
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ใ”่ณชๅ•ใ‚‚ใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:17
You can send us an email to [email protected].
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[email protected] ใพใงใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใŠ้€ใ‚Šใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:23
But now onto homonyms.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:28
So, these words are called homonyms.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
00:31
That means they have the same pronunciation or spelling,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚„็ถดใ‚ŠใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™
00:34
but they have a different meaning.
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ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:36
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
00:37
'new' and 'knew'.
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ใ€Œnewใ€ใจใ€Œknewใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:40
'Bat' and 'bat'.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใจใ€Œใ‚ณใ‚ฆใƒขใƒชใ€ใ€‚
00:43
'Park' and 'park'.
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ใ€Œๅ…ฌๅœ’ใ€ใจใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใ€‚
00:46
'To' and 'two'.
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ใ€ŒToใ€ใจใ€Œtwoใ€ใ€‚
00:47
There are a lot of examples in English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
So how can you know which word they mean?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
00:53
Well, always think about the context.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅธธใซๆ–‡่„ˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:56
If it's dark and you're outside,
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ๆš—ใใฆๅค–ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
00:59
is it more likely to be 'bat' or 'bat'?
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ใ€Œbatใ€ใจใ€Œbatใ€ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
01:05
But if you're chatting to friends about sports,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ‹้”ใจใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
01:08
then it's more likely to be 'bat'.
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ใ€Œbatใ€ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:11
So I go up to bat next and...wow!
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฌกใซ็งใŒๆ‰“ๅธญใซ็ซ‹ใคใจ...ใ™ใ”ใ„๏ผ
01:16
My next tip is to look at the grammar.
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ๆฌกใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:18
For example, the word 'saw' has a lot of meanings.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œsawใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏๅคšใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:22
There's 'soar', the verb that means fly like a bird or a ball through the sky.
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ใ€Œsoarใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€ ้ณฅใ‚„ใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ฉบใ‚’้ฃ›ใถใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:30
There's 'saw', the past tense of the verb 'see',
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œseeใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œsawใ€ใ‚„ใ€
01:34
and there's 'sore', the adjective, like pain.
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painใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€Œsoreใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:38
So when we have 'is sore', the meaning can only be pain,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œis soreใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œsoreใ€ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใชใฎใงใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ็—›ใฟใฎใฟใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
01:44
because 'sore' is an adjective.
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ใ€‚
01:46
Here, the verb 'is' before it.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œisใ€ใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
01:51
Ah, my neck is sore.
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ใ‚ใใ€้ฆ–ใŒ็—›ใ„ใ€‚
01:54
And how about 'is soaring'? Well, there,
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ€ฅไธŠๆ˜‡ไธญใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€
01:58
it's a verb in the present continuous form.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:01
So the meaning could be 'flying through the sky' โ€“ 'is soaring'.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€Œ็ฉบใ‚’้ฃ›ใถใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œ่ˆžใ„ไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:06
Or it could be 'the action using a tool, the saw'.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ€Œ้“ๅ…ทใ€ใฎใ“ใŽใ‚Šใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸๅ‹•ไฝœใ€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:09
Wow, the ball is soaring
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒ
02:11
out the stadium!
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ขใƒ ใฎๅค–ใพใง้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ‚‹ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
02:13
There are lots of homonyms in English, so learn some and practise using them.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅญฆใ‚“ใงไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:18
But a lot of the time, many of them will only be used
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใฏ
02:22
in very specific situations.
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้žๅธธใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:25
So, for example, 'saw' will usually be the past tense of 'see'.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œsawใ€ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ ใ€Œseeใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:30
I saw a really good film last night.
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ๆ˜จๆ™ฉๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:34
'Sore', 'saw' and 'soar' are less common.
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ใ€ŒSoreใ€ใ€ใ€Œsawใ€ใ€ใ€Œsoarใ€ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:40
Sometimes words put together can sound very similar,
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ้žๅธธใซไผผใŸ็™บ้Ÿณใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:43
but they have different meanings.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:45
What do you understand by this?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ†็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
02:48
'Four candles'. You might have heard 'four candles' or 'fork handles'.
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ใ€Œ4ๆœฌใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ‰ใƒซใ€ ใ€Œ4ใคใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ‰ใƒซใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใฎใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใƒซใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:54
They sound very similar.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
02:56
But again, think about where you are, who you're with,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ ่ชฐใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€
02:59
what are they talking about?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:01
What's most likely to be said in that situation?
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
03:04
Here are some other examples.
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ไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:07
'Grade A'. 'Grey day'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฌใƒผใƒ‰Aใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ฐ่‰ฒใฎๆ—ฅใ€ใ€‚
03:10
'I scream'.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅซใถใ€ใ€‚
03:12
'Ice cream'.
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'ใ‚ขใ‚คใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ 'ใ€‚
03:13
Well, that's all for now,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใงใ™ในใฆใงใ™
03:15
but check below where there's more information on this topic
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ฉณ็ดฐๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซใคใ„ใฆใฏไปฅไธ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸ
03:18
and I will see you soon. Bye!
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ใ™ใใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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