Better Speaking Podcast ๐Ÿ—จ๏ธ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ How to use vague language

51,772 views ใƒป 2023-06-06

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Let's start at the beginning โ€” ABBA, in fact,
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ๅˆใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ABBA ใฏใ€
00:02
is the first letter of the Christian names
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00:05
of Anni-Frid, Benny, Bjรถrn and Agnetha. That makes ABBA.
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ใ‚ขใƒ‹-ใƒ•ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใƒ“ใƒงใƒซใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฐใƒใ‚ฟใฎใ‚ญใƒชใ‚นใƒˆๆ•™ๅใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒABBAใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Yeah, right.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใ€‚
00:10
But it started all, Benny, with the Hep Stars, right?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฏใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใญ๏ผŸ
00:12
For me it did, yes.
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:13
For you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
00:14
Well, it started much earlier than that,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใšใฃใจๅ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:15
because my grandfather gave me an accordion when I was six years old.
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็งใŒ 6 ๆญณใฎใจใใซ็ฅ–็ˆถใŒ็งใซใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒณใ‚’ใใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:19
That's how I came into music. He played himself and so did my father.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ้Ÿณๆฅฝใฎไธ–็•Œใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๆผ”ใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎ็ˆถใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:23
Swedish superstars, ABBA, who took their name from the first letters
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ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ABBAใ€‚ ใใฎๅใฏใ€ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎ
00:27
of the names of the four members of the group:
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4 ไบบใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใ€
00:29
Agnetha, Benny, Bjรถrn and Anni-Frid.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฐใƒใ‚ฟใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใƒ“ใƒงใƒซใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‹ใƒ•ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎๅๅ‰ใฎ้ ญๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:32
In today's Better Speaking, we hear more from ABBA
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ™ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒปใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใงใฏใ€ ABBA ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
and, as usual, English teacher Richard Hallows will be with me to explain
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžๆ•™ๅธซใฎใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒป ใƒใƒญใƒผใ‚บใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ€
00:39
what makes the four members of ABBA
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ABBA ใฎ 4 ไบบใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใŒ
00:41
such effective users of English as an international language.
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ๅ›ฝ้š›่จ€่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใซไฝฟใ„ใ“ใชใ™็†็”ฑใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:45
Richard will also be giving us some more advice
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ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ€
00:47
on becoming better speakers of English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
00:49
I think it's very useful to employ some of this vague language when you're speaking,
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่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ“ใฎใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ€Œ
00:54
words like 'ish' or 'sort of' or 'kind of'.
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ใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
It's very useful and it can make you sound a more interesting,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใใ€
01:00
more natural kind of speaker.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:02
If you find it difficult to speak English
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
01:04
and would like some help and advice on how to become more fluent,
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆตๆšขใซใชใ‚Šใ€
01:07
and maybe one day use English as confidently as ABBA,
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ใ„ใคใ‹ ABBAใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
01:11
then Better Speaking is for you.
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Better SpeakerใŒๆœ€้ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
01:18
ABBA were one of the most popular groups in many countries around the world
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ABBA ใฏใ€70 ๅนดไปฃใ‹ใ‚‰ 1980 ๅนดไปฃๅˆ้ ญใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๅคšใใฎๅ›ฝใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ—ใŸ
01:21
throughout the '70s and early 1980s.
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ใ€‚
01:24
We hear today an interview with the four members of ABBA
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ ABBA
01:27
Agnetha, Bjรถrn, Benny and Anni-Frida,
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฐใƒใ‚ฟใ€ใƒ“ใƒงใƒซใƒณใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใใ—ใฆๅๅฃฐใฎ็ตถ้ ‚ๆœŸใซใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚ขใƒ‹ใƒปใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใ€
01:31
or Frida as she was also called, at the height of their fame.
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ใพใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใจใ‚‚ๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ 4 ไบบใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใธใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’่žใใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:34
The interviewer wanted to know why they spoke such good English.
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้ขๆŽฅๅฎ˜ใฏใ€ ใชใœๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใใ‚“ใชใซไธŠๆ‰‹ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:37
Does English have that much effect on your life?
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซใใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
01:40
We have so many English television programmes, and American,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:44
and we don't dub them, we subtitle them,
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ๅนใๆ›ฟใˆใงใฏใชใๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
01:46
so we read the Swedish words and listen to the English language all the time.
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ใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:51
Same thing with films, you know.
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ๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
01:53
And they play records on the radio, most of them are
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใงใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏ
01:58
English and American.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:00
In Sweden, people learn English at school
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ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงใฏๅญฆๆ กใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
02:03
and Swedes also watch a lot of English language television and films.
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ใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณไบบใฏ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฆ‹ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
The Swedish translation is not dubbed, not spoken over the English,
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ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณ่ชžใฎ็ฟป่จณใฏๅนใๆ›ฟใˆใงใฏใชใใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใง่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:11
but appears as subtitles or writing at the bottom of the TV or cinema screen,
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ใŒใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚„ๆ˜ ็”ปใฎ็”ป้ขใฎไธ‹้ƒจใซๅญ—ๅน•ใพใŸใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—ใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใ€
02:16
so the audience can hear the English words
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่ฆณๅฎขใฏใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณ่ชžใฎ็ฟป่จณใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
02:18
as well as reading the Swedish translation.
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ใ€‚
02:21
And there's lots of pop music too, in English, of course,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
02:25
so young people growing up in Sweden get to hear a lot of English.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใง่‚ฒใฃใŸ่‹ฅ่€…ใฏ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:28
We have so many English television programmes and American
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็งใŸใกใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:32
and we don't dub them, we subtitle them,
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ใŒใ€ๅนใๆ›ฟใˆใงใฏใชใๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:35
so we read the Swedish words and listen to the English language all the time.
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ใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:39
Same thing with films, you know.
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ๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
02:41
And they play records on the radio, most of them are
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใงใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏ
02:46
English and American.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:48
ABBA weren't always called ABBA. The group's original name was the Hep Stars.
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ABBA ใฏๅธธใซ ABBA ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎๅ…ƒใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:53
They were very successful in their home country of Sweden,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๆฏๅ›ฝใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงๅคงๆˆๅŠŸใ‚’ๅŽใ‚ใ€ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚
02:56
selling more records than The Beatles at that time.
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ๅคšใใฎใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸ ใ€‚
02:59
The Hep Stars though became ABBA, but where does that name come from?
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ใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใฏABBAใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:03
Let's start at the beginning.
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ใพใšใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:04
ABBA, in fact, is the first letter of the Christian names
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ABBA ใฏใ€
03:09
of Anna-Frid, Benny, Bjรถrn and Agnetha.
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ใ‚ขใƒณใƒŠใƒปใƒ•ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใƒ“ใƒงใƒซใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฐใƒใ‚ฟใฎใ‚ญใƒชใ‚นใƒˆๆ•™ๅใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:12
โ€” That makes ABBA. โ€” Yeah, right.
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โ€•โ€•ใใ‚ŒใŒABBAใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ - ใˆใˆใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใ€‚
03:13
But it started all, Benny, with the Hep Stars, right?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฏใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ ใญ๏ผŸ
03:16
โ€” For me it did, yes. โ€” For you?
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โ€” ็งใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ - ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซ๏ผŸ
03:18
Well, it started much earlier than that,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใšใฃใจๅ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:19
because my grandfather gave me an accordion when I was six years old.
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็งใŒ 6 ๆญณใฎใจใใซ็ฅ–็ˆถใŒ็งใซใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒณใ‚’ใใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:23
That's how I came into music. He played himself and so did my father.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ้Ÿณๆฅฝใฎไธ–็•Œใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๆผ”ใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎ็ˆถใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:27
Tell us about the Hep Stars. This was, what, 1962, the Hep Stars?
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ใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใชใ‚“ใจใ€1962 ๅนดใฎใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใงใ—ใŸ?
03:30
Yes, that's when we started and that was about the same time
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:34
when The Beatles became so popular all over the world
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ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใŒไธ–็•Œไธญใง้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใ€
03:38
and we were very well-off.
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็งใŸใกใŒ้žๅธธใซ่ฃ•็ฆใซใชใฃใŸใฎใจใปใผๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚ๆœŸใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงใฏ
03:40
We sold, like, eight or nine golden records in Sweden.
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8ใ€9ๆžšใฎใ‚ดใƒผใƒซใƒ‡ใƒณใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใŒๅฃฒใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
03:43
I think we outsold The Beatles by numbers, not by music.
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็งใŸใกใฏ้Ÿณๆฅฝใงใฏใชใใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:46
Benny, then, how did you meet Bjรถrn?
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ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใƒ“ใƒงใƒซใƒณใจๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:48
Well, we met on the road, actually.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฎŸใฏ้“ไธญใงไผšใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:49
I was in the Hep Stars and he was playing in a folk group.
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็งใฏใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ—ใƒปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใซๆ‰€ๅฑžใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงๆผ”ๅฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:52
โ€” The Hootenanny Singers? โ€” The Hootenanny Singers, yes.
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โ€” ใƒ•ใƒผใƒ†ใƒŠใƒ‹ใƒผใƒปใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ โ€” ใƒ•ใƒผใƒ†ใƒŠใƒ‹ใƒผใƒปใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:56
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English ใƒ‰ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ณใƒ ใ€‚
04:03
Richard, ABBA, very successful international singing stars,
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ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ABBAใ€้žๅธธใซๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใŸ ๅ›ฝ้š›็š„ใชๆญŒๆ‰‹ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผ
04:07
but are they international speaking stars?
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ›ฝ้š›็š„ใซๆดป่บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:09
Very much so.
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ใพใ•ใซใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใ€‚
04:10
I think ABBA speak very fluently with great range of vocabulary,
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ABBA ใฏๅน…ๅบƒใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ้žๅธธใซๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ— ใ€
04:15
amazing speakers really.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅ
04:16
What I'd particularly like to talk about today is the way they use vague language.
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็‰นใซ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่จ€่‘‰้ฃใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:21
And what do you mean by 'vague language'?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:23
Well, when you don't want to say something exactly.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ ๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใจใใ€‚
04:26
We use it also just for adding colour to your conversation,
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ไผš่ฉฑใซ่‰ฒใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€
04:30
make yourself sound more interesting.
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่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:31
Some examples I'd like to point out are when Benny says,
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็งใŒๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใŸใ„ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€ ใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใŒ
04:36
"It was about the same time,"
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ใ€ŒใปใผๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚ๆœŸใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€
04:38
or, "We sold, like, eight or nine golden records."
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ดใƒผใƒซใƒ‡ใƒณ ใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ 8 ๆžšใ‹ 9 ๆžšๅฃฒใฃใŸ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
That was about the same time
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
04:44
when The Beatles became so popular all over the world and we were very well-off.
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ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใŒไธ–็•Œไธญใง้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ้žๅธธใซ่ฃ•็ฆใซใชใฃใŸใฎใจใปใผๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚ๆœŸใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงใฏ
04:50
We sold, like, eight or nine golden records in Sweden.
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8ใ€9ๆžšใฎใ‚ดใƒผใƒซใƒ‡ใƒณใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใŒๅฃฒใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
04:53
I think we outsold The Beatles by numbers, not by music.
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็งใŸใกใฏ้Ÿณๆฅฝใงใฏใชใใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:56
So it's not being exact, it's not being specific,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใงใฏใชใใ€ ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใงใ‚‚ใชใใ€
05:00
it's sort of being vague.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ๆผ ็„ถใจใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:02
Exactly, 'sort of' is another way of being vague.
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ใพใ•ใซใ€ใ€Œใชใ‚“ใจใชใใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่กจ็พใฎใฒใจใคใงใ™ ใ€‚
05:05
So we've got the examples there, it was 'about' the same time,
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ใ“ใ“ใซไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใปใผใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚ๆœŸใซใ€ใ€Œ
05:08
we sold, 'like', eight or nine, so 'like' and 'about'.
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ใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ€8 ๅ€‹ใ‹ 9 ๅ€‹ๅฃฒใ‚ŒใŸ ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใจใ€Œ็ด„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่‰ฒใ‚’่จ€่ชžใซ
05:12
What other expressions can we use to add this vagueness colour into our language?
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่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ไป–ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
05:17
OK, well, Callum, why don't you tell people what colour my shirt is today?
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ ใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ็งใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใฎ่‰ฒใ‚’ใฟใ‚“ใชใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
05:22
Ah, OK.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:24
Well, it's, it's kind of, it's sort of red.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่ตคใงใ™ใ€‚
05:27
โ€” Mm. โ€” It's not exactly red.
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- ใ‚“ใ‚“ใ€‚ โ€•โ€•ๅŽณๅฏ†ใซใฏ่ตคใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
05:30
I suppose it's, um
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใญ
05:31
โ€” Could you say? โ€” 'reddish', 'reddish'.
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โ€” ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹? โ€•โ€•ใ€Œ่ตคใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ตคใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€‚
05:33
'Reddish': it's kind of red and it's brown, isn't it?
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ใ€Œ่ตคใฃใฝใ„ใ€๏ผšใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่ตคใ ใฆ่Œถ่‰ฒใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ ใใ†
05:35
Maybe we could say so. It's a 'reddish-brown'.
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่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ตค่Œถ่‰ฒใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
Reddish-brown, OK.
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่ตค่Œถ่‰ฒใ€OKใ€‚
05:39
And also, I think I said it's 'sort of'.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ใ ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
It's 'sort of' or 'kind of' you also said, yeah.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไธ€็จฎใฎใ€ใงใ™ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:45
So 'sort of', 'kind of' red, 'reddish'.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ€่ตคใ€ใ€Œ่ตคใฟใŒใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
This 'ish' is very interesting, actually.
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ๅฎŸใฏใ“ใฎใ€Œใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:50
We can use it in loads of different ways.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:53
โ€” Such as? โ€” Well, ask me what time it is.
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- ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช๏ผŸ โ€” ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠไฝ•ๆ™‚ใชใฎใ‹่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:56
OK. What time is it, Richard?
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OKใ€‚ ไปŠไฝ•ๆ™‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰๏ผŸ
05:58
Well, I'm not wearing my watch, but I think it's 'ten-ish'.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใฏๆ™‚่จˆใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒณใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:02
'Ten-ish'. So you can add this on to any words?
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ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒณใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ‚“ใชๅ˜่ชžใซใ‚‚ไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
06:06
Yeah, like I could say 'oldish' or 'early-ish'
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ€Œoldishใ€ ใจใ‹ใ€Œearly-ishใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
06:09
or, in fact, we can use 'ish' on its own, just as a word in its own right.
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ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ€Œishใ€ใ‚’ๅ˜็‹ฌใงใ€ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:13
How would we use it on our own?
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใงใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆไฝฟใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:14
Well, for example, you went to a party last night.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ˜จๅคœใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:17
โ€” Mm-hm. โ€” And did you have a good time?
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โ€” ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ โ€•โ€•ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:19
Ah, hmm, 'ish'.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€‚
06:22
So you're using the word 'ish' to say, "Mm, it wasn't good, it wasn't bad."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€่‰ฏใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๆ‚ชใใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:26
Right, OK, so 'ish' by itself
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€OKใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œishใ€ใ ใ‘ใงใ€
06:28
and 'ish' added on to other adjectives, mainly, I suppose.
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ใ€Œishใ€ใŒไป–ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใŒ ไธปใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:32
Mm. So we looked at 'about', 'sort of', 'kind of', we looked at 'ish'.
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ใ‚“ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ“ใง็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ€Œ็ด„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ€ใ€ ใ€Œไธ€็จฎใฎใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ‚’่ชฟในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:37
Now, I want you to try and use these different kind of vague words
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ใ•ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:43
to describe someone.
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ใ€‚
06:44
Um...
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ใˆใฃใจ...
06:46
Who?
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่ชฐ๏ผŸ
06:47
Oh, how about you've got a new girlfriend, haven't you? Tell us about, about her.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใงใใŸใฎใฏ ใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:51
Well, let's see, she's... I'd say she's 'tallish',
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ... ็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ€Œ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
06:56
she's, she's tallish, she's about one metre 75,
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ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใใ€่บซ้•ทใฏ ็ด„1ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซ75ใงใ™ใ€
07:01
โ€” so... โ€” More or less?
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โ€” ใใ‚Œใง... โ€” ๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œ๏ผŸ
07:03
โ€” More or less. โ€” There's another one.
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- ๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œใ€‚ โ€”ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:04
OK, so she's tallish, she's got dark, well, darkish hair,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใใฆใ€ ้ป’ใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ๆš—ใ„้ซชใ€
07:10
darkish, little bit of red in there, so reddish hair,
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้ป’ใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใใ“ใซๅฐ‘ใ—่ตคใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ ่ตคใฟใŒใ‹ใฃใŸ้ซชใ€
07:13
and she's sort of, she's sort of shy.
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚ทใƒฃใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚
07:17
Do you know how old she is?
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒไฝ•ๆญณใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:18
Ooh, I, I, well, I haven't asked, I'm too much of a gentleman.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ€็งใฏใ€ใพใ‚ใ€่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ็งใฏ็ดณๅฃซใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
07:23
Um, I think she's about, she's about 30.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ 30 ๆญณใใ‚‰ใ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:26
OK.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:28
So, moving away from my private life and back to ABBA's speaking life,
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็งใฎ็ง็”Ÿๆดปใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ€ ABBA ใฎ่ฌ›ๆผ”ๆดปๅ‹•ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
07:32
what else would you like to pick out for us?
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ไป– ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹?
07:34
Well, I'd like to talk about what ABBA actually said
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงไบบใ€…ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ ABBAใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
07:37
about the way people learn English in Sweden.
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ใ€‚
07:39
They've talked about improving your English by watching films in English,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆณใŸใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชž
07:44
watching TV in English, listening to music in English.
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ใงใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆณใŸใ‚Šใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:48
So I think all these things go to prove the point that we've talked about before โ€”
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒไปฅๅ‰่ฉฑใ—ใŸ่ฆ็‚นใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
07:52
how important it is to get as much exposure to English as possible.
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ๅคšใใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ้‡่ฆๆ€งใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:57
We have so many English television programmes, and American,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
08:01
and we don't dub them, we subtitle them,
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ๅนใๆ›ฟใˆใงใฏใชใๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
08:04
so we read the Swedish words and listen to the English language all the time.
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ใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:07
Same thing with films, you know.
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ๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
08:10
And they play records on the radio, most of them are
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใงใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏ
08:15
English and American.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:17
So listening to and hearing natural, real English through movies, television,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚„ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆ่‡ช็„ถใชๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚Š่žใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
08:22
is a good way of improving your English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:24
It's a wonderful way and enjoyable too.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:26
So, Richard, I wonder if, briefly, you could sum up those points for us?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‚นใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซใพใจใ‚ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
08:30
Well, I think it's very useful to employ some of this vague language
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ ใ“ใฎใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ€Œ
08:35
when you're speaking, words like 'ish' or 'sort of' or 'kind of'.
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ใฃใฝใ„ใ€ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:38
It's very useful and it can make you sound a more interesting,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใใ€
08:41
more natural kind of speaker.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:43
And also try to watch as much TV in English or listen to music in English
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ใพใŸใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Š ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ€
08:48
and get as much exposure as possible.
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ๅคšใใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:50
Maybe, if you do that, you're going to get a wide range of vocabulary,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅน…ๅบƒใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’่บซใซใคใ‘ใ€
08:54
you're gonna be fluent, you're gonna have good comprehension skills
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ๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๅ„ชใ‚Œ ใŸ็†่งฃๅŠ›ใจ
08:57
and good pronunciation and sound as good as ABBA.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ€ ใใ—ใฆABBAใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:00
Richard, for today, thank you very much for those better speaking tips.
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ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:03
Thank you.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
09:06
BBC Learning English dot com.
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BBC Learning English ใƒ‰ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ณใƒ ใ€‚
09:12
Richard talked there about using vague language,
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ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใใ“ใงใ€ ๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€
09:15
describing something that's not exact.
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ๆญฃ็ขบใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:18
Remember Benny from ABBA used the words 'like' and 'about'.
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ABBA ใฎใƒ™ใƒ‹ใƒผใŒ ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใจใ€Œ็ด„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:22
It was 'about' the same time when The Beatles became so popular.
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ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใŒ้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸใฎใจใ€Œใปใผใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚ๆœŸใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณใงใฏ
09:25
We sold 'like' eight or nine golden records in Sweden.
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8ใ€9ๆžšใฎใ‚ดใƒผใƒซใƒ‡ใƒณใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใŒๅฃฒใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:29
And Richard gave us a simple way
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ€ใฏใฃใใ‚Šใจ็‰นๅฎšใงใใชใ„่‰ฒใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ
09:31
to describe a colour that is not clearly one thing or another.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
09:34
We can say it's 'sort of' brown or 'brownish'.
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ใ€่Œถ่‰ฒ ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ่Œถ่‰ฒใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:38
We asked a learner of English who's been studying in Britain
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซ็•™ๅญฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใซใ€ใใฎ
09:41
if she'd heard, or uses, such language.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝฟใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:44
I'm not sure whether I've heard 'tallish' or 'brownish',
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ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ€ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹โ€‹โ€‹ใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒณใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹โ€‹โ€‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅŒๅƒšใŒ8ๆ™‚ใจ5ๆ™‚ใ”ใ‚ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใŸใจใใซใ€ใ€Œ
09:48
but I'm sure I've heard 'eight-ish' and 'five-ish'
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8-ishใ€ใจใ€Œ5-ishใ€ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ขบใ‹ใงใ™
09:52
when a colleague's meant around eight o'clock and five o'clock.
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'ๆ™‚่จˆใ€‚
09:56
I think this kind of language sounds very natural.
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ่จ€่ชžใฏ ้žๅธธใซ่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:00
Now, before we go today,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ฉฑใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€
10:02
if you didn't quite catch all of Richard's Better Speaking tips, don't worry.
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Richard ใฎ Better Speaker ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ็†่งฃใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:06
Here's a chance to hear them again.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š
10:11
To sound more natural when you speak English,
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่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใ€
10:14
remember you can use vague language:
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ๆ›–ๆ˜งใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š่‡ชไฟกใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
10:16
words and phrases which show that you're not sure.
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ใ€‚
10:20
For example, if you're describing a film,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
10:23
you can say, it's a 'sort of' adventure film.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œไธ€็จฎใฎใ€ๅ†’้™บๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:27
Or you could say, it's a 'kind of' adventure film.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œไธ€็จฎใฎใ€ๅ†’้™บๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:31
I think it's very useful to employ some of this vague language when you're speaking,
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่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ“ใฎใ‚ใ„ใพใ„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€ใ€Œ
10:36
words like 'ish' or 'sort of' or 'kind of'.
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ใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:39
It's very useful and it can make you sound a more interesting,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใใ€
10:42
more natural kind of speaker.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™
10:51
Another very useful and natural-sounding way
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใง ่‡ช็„ถใชๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€
10:53
to show that you're not able to be exact is to use the ending 'ish'.
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่ชžๅฐพใซใ€Œishใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:58
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
11:00
My father's hair is 'greyish'. It's partly black and partly grey.
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็งใฎ็ˆถใฎ้ซชใฏใ€Œ็ฐ่‰ฒใŒใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ƒจๅˆ†็š„ใซ้ป’ใ€้ƒจๅˆ†็š„ใซใ‚ฐใƒฌใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
11:05
It's 'greyish'.
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ใ€Œ็ฐ่‰ฒใฃใฝใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:07
If you're not sure of an exact time, you can say,
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ๆญฃ็ขบใชๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œ
11:10
The party starts at eight-ish.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏ 8 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
11:13
It's the same as saying that the party starts at about eight o'clock.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒ 8ๆ™‚ใ”ใ‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:18
At eight-ish.
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8ๆญณใใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ€‚
11:24
Take a tip from ABBA and their fellow Swedes.
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ABBA ใจใใฎไปฒ้–“ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒผใƒ‡ใƒณไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:28
Watch English language TV and films or listen to the radio or music in English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใ‚„้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:33
These will all help you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซ
11:35
to improve your spoken as well as general English language skills.
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ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚‚ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:39
Try to watch as much TV in English or listen to music in English
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ดใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ€
11:43
and get as much exposure as possible.
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ๅคšใใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:45
Maybe, if you do that, you're gonna get a wide range of vocabulary,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅน…ๅบƒใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’่บซใซใคใ‘ใ€
11:49
you're gonna be fluent, you're gonna have good comprehension skills
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ๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๅ„ชใ‚Œ ใŸ็†่งฃๅŠ›ใจ
11:52
and good pronunciation and sound as good as ABBA.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ€ ใใ—ใฆABBAใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:00
That was Talk About English from BBC Learning English dot com.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ BBC Learning English dot comใฎTalk About Englishใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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