Mixed Verb Tenses in English: Conditionals and IF clauses

1,072,190 views ใƒป 2016-04-16

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi again. Welcome to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. www.engvid.com์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
Today's lesson is a little bit tricky. It's grammar,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด๊ณ 
00:07
it's conditionals, but we're going to look at "Mixed Conditionals". Now, before
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์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ "ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ"์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
00:13
I get into the different types of ways that you can mix tenses and the conditionals, I
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์‹œ์ œ์™€ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์—, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ESL ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”
00:19
want to do a very quick review of the conditionals that most of you learn in your ESL classes
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์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
or your English... Other English classes, because these are the ones that are most commonly
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
00:30
taught, and everybody, all your teachers want you to memorize these structures.
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์•”๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
The problem is then you might see mixed conditionals in other places, and you get all confused. Okay?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ engVid ๊ต์‚ฌ
00:42
I'm not going to get too deep into these, because you can find other good lessons by
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์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊นŠ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
other engVid teachers who have already covered some of these on the site. I'm just going
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€
00:53
to do a quick review, and then I'll get into... Deeper into the mixed conditionals.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ณต์Šต์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
So here are the four main types of conditionals you learn:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ํ˜• ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
"If I won the lottery, I'd buy a house."
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"๋ณต๊ถŒ์— ๋‹น์ฒจ๋˜๋ฉด ์ง‘์„ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:04
So this, just so we are clear, is "would", I've contracted it to "I'd".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด "would"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ "I'd"๋กœ ์ค„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
"If I won", I have simple past tense, plus "would" in the second clause, in the condition clause,
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"๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋ฉด"์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ˆ, ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ˆ,
01:19
in the result clause.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ˆ์— "ํ•  ๊ฒƒ"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
"If I had known she was coming, I'd have come too." Okay?
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"๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ์™”์„ ํ…๋ฐ." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
01:25
Here I have the past perfect, plus "would have" plus PP, past participle verb.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ์™€ "would have"์™€ PP, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Now, these are both unreal,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
mean... Meaning that they are hypothetical, they are imaginary. This
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š”... ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ƒ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
01:44
is about a future or present unreal situation. I didn't win the lottery, I'm not buying a
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณต๊ถŒ์— ๋‹น์ฒจ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
house; this is all just imagination. This is about the past. Now, the reason it is unreal
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์ƒ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
01:55
is because I can't go and change the past. So, this didn't happen, and so this didn't
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
02:01
happen. This is, again, imagination, but we're looking at the past. Okay?
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ์ƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:06
"If you boil water, it evaporates."
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"๋ฌผ์„ ๋“์ด๋ฉด ์ฆ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค."
02:09
If you notice here, I have simple present verb and
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€
02:12
simple present verb. This is a real conditional. It means it's true.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Whenever you have a fact-okay?-a result is based on this condition and it's always true...
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์‚ฌ์‹ค-๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?-๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
02:25
By the way, "evaporates" means
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ "์ฆ๋ฐœ"์€
02:26
becomes steam, it goes away. Right? If you boil water, eventually you have no more water
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์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋ฌผ์„ ๋“์ด๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ƒ„๋น„์— ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:31
in the pot. So this is a real conditional, always true. Simple present, simple present.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์†Œํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ, ์†Œ์†Œํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ.
02:38
Lastly: "If you study hard, you will pass the test." Simple present verb, "will", verb,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค ." ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋™์‚ฌ, "will",
02:46
like future. So, again, this is a real situation, because this is true. If you do this, this
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:52
will happen as a result. So these are the ones that you mostly learn.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
If you have any questions, again, go to www.engvid.com, find the lessons about these that can explain
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
03:04
it in more detail. But now we're going to see other situations, other sentences with
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:10
"if" conditionals that are not like these. Sometimes we can mix tenses, sometimes you
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์€ "if" ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ž์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
03:16
can... Sorry. Let me stop myself, here. Sometimes your teachers tell you: "Never put 'will'
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... ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•˜์ž. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ "
03:23
with the 'if' clause." Well, what I'm going to show you is that sometimes, yeah, you can.
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'if' ์ ˆ์— 'will'์„ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ, ์˜ˆ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
This is the problem with English: There's always exceptions to the rules. Today we're
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ์น™์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:33
going to look at some of those exceptions. Okay? Let's see what happens.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:37
Okay. So now we're going to look at a few different types of mixtures, if you want to
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ "if" ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:42
call it that, with the "if" clauses. But before I start to show you these examples, I want
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
03:48
you to understand that these mixed conditionals are all about context. You can generally understand
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
what is going on, what the relationship between the two verbs are by looking at the context,
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์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ,
04:03
looking at the time, looking at the place, looking at the situation that's going on,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
and should... It usually should be very clear, but in case you're wondering how to construct
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™• ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:13
these so you can use them yourselves, I'll show you with a few examples. Okay?
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:18
These are in no particular order. They're just examples, and we're going to look at them individually.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
"If you didn't study computers in high school, you might find this course difficult."
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"๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:30
So now you're thinking: "Okay, here I have a simple past. Okay? And here I have a future.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ข‹์•„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด. ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด.
04:38
Well, that's a little bit confusing. Oh, how can you mix past and future?"
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ข€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ. ์˜ค, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ž์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€?"
04:42
But what you have to realize is that this is a past situation that if you didn't complete something, if
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:49
you didn't study computers, when you... You're starting a new course today, and this course
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์–ธ์ œ... ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์ฝ”์Šค
04:54
is going to be very difficult for you because you don't have the previous knowledge. So,
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๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „ ์ง€์‹์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
04:59
a past situation has a present result. Okay? So one of the things you also need to think
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
05:06
about mixed conditionals: A lot of it is a relationship between condition and result,
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05:11
as opposed to a condition and something happening depending on that condition. Okay? So this
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์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
05:18
doesn't depend on this; this is a result of this. I'm not sure if that's exactly clear.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
When you say: "If you study hard, you will pass the test."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด " ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ.
05:30
You will pass the test...
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
05:31
Your passing depends on what you did before. This doesn't depend on this. You can still
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด์ „์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
05:37
do well, you can still find the course easy if you didn't study hard, but there's a possibility
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์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
05:42
that this situation will have this result. Okay? So, simple past with future. And I use
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
05:49
"might", "might" generally talks about the future. I could use "will" as well with this.
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"might"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "might"๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "will"๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
So this is one example of a mixed conditional. And again, in context, you understand that
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
06:01
the person is starting this course now
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ •๋ณด ์—†์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:03
without the background information, so it should be pretty clear.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Let's look at the next example.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
"If you didn't want to buy that shirt, you shouldn't have (bought it)."
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"๊ทธ ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ( ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)."
06:13
Like, normally, we would end the sentence here, but just so you understand
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งŒ
06:16
the complete idea. "If you didn't want to", past. When we're talking about a specific
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์ „์ฒด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด", ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ. ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
06:22
situation, we're talking about the time that you bought this shirt, so it's a simple past
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์ด ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:27
because it's a definite past time. And "shouldn't have", again, "you should not have bought it",
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด", ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”",
06:34
it's a present perfect about an indefinite time, which is a little bit of a weird mix
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด๊ธฐํ•œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:40
because in... That's you talking about your experience. When we're using the present perfect,
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. ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:45
we're talking about the experience, here, we're talking about a specific action happening
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:48
in the past. Why did you buy it? Maybe somebody talked you into it. Okay? You didn't really
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. ์™œ ์ƒ€์–ด? ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ
06:55
want to, but you did. But you shouldn't have bought it. Okay? That should have been the
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์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
07:01
experience that you had, but it wasn't. So, again, it's not necessarily a condition, here,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
07:06
it's just the relationship between two ideas. One doesn't depend on the other. Okay.
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๋‘ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:14
Simple past, again, and "should not have", and again, in present perfect. Okay.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๋‹ค์‹œ "should not have", ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:23
Let's go to the other one. "If you go, I'll go too."
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. "๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐˆ๊ฒŒ."
07:27
Now you're thinking: "Well, no, it's not a mixed. Right?" Because I have a simple present,
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๊ธ€์Ž„, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€
07:31
and I have the "will", future.
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์žˆ๊ณ  "์˜์ง€"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
But what you have to understand is that here, this is being used as a future. Okay? We're
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:41
using the simple present tense to talk about the future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
"If you go to the party next week, I will go too."
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"๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐˆ๊ฒŒ."
07:49
Okay? So, future, future. Okay? Now, another thing: real, real, real.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์งœ, ์ง„์งœ, ์ง„์งœ.
07:54
None of these are imaginary. Okay? All of this is actual real situations; we're not
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ƒ์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:00
imagining anything. So, future with simple present and future with "will".
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€ "์˜์ง€"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜.
08:07
Next: "If I had won the competition, I'd have a great job now."
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๋‹ค์Œ: "๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:13
So here we have, again, the present... Sorry, we have the past perfect.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
Okay? And now, it should be: "I would have",
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด์ œ "I would have"์—
08:21
plus another verb, a past participle, a PP verb, right? But here I have only "would have".
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ, PP ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” "ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ"๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
"I would have", this is the main verb. This is not the "would have done", not the "have"
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"I would have", ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฏน์Šค์˜ "ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ"์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ"์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:33
of the whole mix. Right? This is its own verb. If you want, I'll give you another one:
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. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์ฒด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
"I'd land a great job now". "Land" means get. It's another way to say... When you get a job,
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ง์—…์„ ์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." "ํ† ์ง€"๋Š” ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด... ์ทจ์งํ•˜๋ฉด
08:48
you land a good job. So why am I using the two mixes, here? "If I had won the competition",
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์ข‹์€ ์ง์žฅ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฏน์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด"
08:54
so there was a competition in the past, I'm going to that situation. If I had won it...
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋ฉด...
09:01
This is a past unreal, because I didn't win it, then now I would have this job.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
But because this didn't happen, this is no longer a real situation. Okay? I didn't win the competition,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ
09:15
so now I don't have a great job now. Okay? So you've got past, and you have hypothetical,
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ง์—…์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
09:23
and you have present time. So all these things are mixed, but again, it's all about context.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
What you have to understand: "If I had won, but I didn't, I would have, but I don't."
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:36
Okay? So this is the whole idea of mixing conditionals and getting the idea across,
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
09:42
without having a very set expression. It's all about the big idea, the relationship between
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๋งค์šฐ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์—†์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฐ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ๋‘˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:47
the two. Okay? We're going to look at a few more examples.
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Okay, now we have a few more. Some of these are very exceptional, means you're not going
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:57
to hear them too often; they're specific situations. The first one, as an example.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
"If you will please follow me, I'll show you to your table."
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"์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค์‹œ๋ฉด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:06
Or: "If you would, please follow... If you would, follow me please, I'll show you to your table."
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๋˜๋Š”: "์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™€ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”... ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™€ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:11
This is not a conditional. This is just an expression, a very formal expression.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๋ฟ, ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
You go to a restaurant, a very fancy restaurant.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹๋‹น์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์‹๋‹น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
The host checks your name on the reservations.
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ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:21
"Very good. If you will please follow me, I'll show you to your table."
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"์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค์‹œ๋ฉด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”๋กœ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:24
It's just a polite way to say: "Please follow me." Okay?
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"์ œ๋ฐœ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค์„ธ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:28
And I'm using "if" plus "will", or "if" plus "would", and "will" in the second one. Okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” "if"์™€ "will"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” "if" ์™€ "would"๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” "will"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:33
It's not a conditional. It means: "Please come this way." Okay. It's a very specific
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์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ
10:38
situation. You're not going to use this too often.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
"If it will help my case, I'll take the test."
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"๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:45
Now, here, I have: "If" and "will", and then
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "๋งŒ์•ฝ" ๊ณผ "ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค", ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ
10:48
"will" again. Now, you've always been told:
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"ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ
10:51
"No, don't do that." Right? Don't put "will"
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"์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ."๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "if" ์ ˆ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "will"์„ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
10:53
with the "if" clause, but again, this is not a conditional.
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
This is the result, this is what I will do to get this result. Okay?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:03
This does not depend on this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
For example: The police... Sorry. The police arrested me, and they said:
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์˜ˆ: ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ... ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ฒดํฌํ–ˆ๊ณ 
11:11
"We think you killed Mr. X and Mr. Y."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์ด X์”จ์™€ Y์”จ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
I say: "No, I didn't do it."
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๋‚˜๋Š” "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
And they said: "Well, I think... We think you're lying."
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"์Œ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”... ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:18
And my lawyer says: "Take the polygraph test."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” " ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ผ. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
You know, like the test they put on you, and
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:22
if you're lying, the machine goes up and down like crazy.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ์œ„์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
So I say: "Okay, you know what? If it will help my case, I will take the test."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” "์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”? ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
If I can get this result, I will do this action.
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์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
Okay? So the relationship is not of... One of condition and not of dependency. Result
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š”... ์ข…์†์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
11:38
and action. Okay? But:
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๋ฐ ์กฐ์น˜. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
11:42
"If it helps, I'll take the test."
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"๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”."
11:44
Here, we have the regular conditional.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ •๊ทœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
If it helps, this is what I will do. So if I want,
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๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:51
for this condition, I'll do this action. Okay?
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์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:57
Now: "If I knew how to cook, I'd have made you dinner instead."
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์ง€๊ธˆ: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€์‹  ์ €๋…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ."
12:01
So last week, I took a girl out on a date, we went to a restaurant, the food was terrible.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์— ์—ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹๋‹น์— ๊ฐ”๊ณ  ์Œ์‹์€ ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
She thought, you know, maybe I'm not such a good guy, she doesn't want to date me again. And I say:
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
"No, no, no. I'm a very good guy. I took you to a restaurant because I don't know how to cook.
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"์•„๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ. ๋‚œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์•ผ. ๋‚œ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋„ ์‹๋‹น์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ”์–ด.
12:16
If I knew how to cook,"-unreal, imaginary-"I would have taken you to dinner last week instead."
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ค„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด"-๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒ ์†์˜-"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ๋„ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ”์„ ํ…๋ฐ."
12:24
Right? So, past. "I would have made", so past situation, "would have made",
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ. "ํ–ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ", ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ "ํ–ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ",
12:31
but with an unreal condition,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ,
12:34
with an unreal situation now. "If I knew how to cook". I don't know how to cook, but I
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ. "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ค„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด". ์š”๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„
12:38
still want to tell you what I would have done in the past. Okay? So it's a little bit of
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์˜ˆ์ „์— ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋• ์„๊นŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ"๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜
12:43
a mixed, simple past with "would have made".
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ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:48
Last one: "If I weren't so busy, I would go with you."
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐˆ ํ…๋ฐ."
12:53
If I weren't so busy, but I am
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
12:55
very busy now, I would go with you. So because this is the situation: "If I weren't so busy,"
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด" -
13:02
-it's real, I am busy-"I would go with you." Now it's a hypothetical. Now it's unreal because
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์ง„์งœ์•ผ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค-"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฐ€์„ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€
13:07
I can't go with you. Why? Because I'm so busy.
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ? ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ.
13:10
"If my parents weren't going away next weekend, I would have invited you yesterday." Okay?
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"๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์•ˆ ๊ฐ€์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด์ œ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:19
So now, again, we're mixing. I'm still using the past, but I'm talking about the future,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
13:24
and I'm talking about what I would have done yesterday
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๋ง์—
13:27
if this weren't true about next weekend. Okay?
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด์ œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:30
So, again, all you need to realize is that the verbs don't necessarily tell you what's
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ
13:36
going on in terms of time, especially when you have adverb clauses.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
It's not only with this. It sometimes happens with other adverb clauses,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ
13:45
but especially with "if" it's confusing,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠนํžˆ "if"์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
13:47
again, because you're mostly being taught those first four that I showed you the...
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์ฒ˜์Œ 4๊ฐœ์˜...
13:52
At the beginning. Okay? You can mix them. This is a past verb, talking about the future.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์…จ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
Okay? The situation right now is that my parents are going away.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ๊ฐ€์‹  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
But yesterday when I spoke to you, I didn't invite you because I know they're going.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
But if they weren't going, I would have invited you yesterday. Okay?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
14:12
I know it's a little bit confusing, but you may want to watch the video a couple more times.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. www.engvid.com์˜
14:18
Please ask me questions in the forum at www.engvid.com; I will be happy to answer
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ํฌ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
14:22
all your questions. There is a quiz, go try it out, see how you do with that.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:29
Of course, subscribe to my YouTube channel, and... If you like.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ ... ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
14:32
And come back again and we'll do this again. Thanks.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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