10 Phrasal Verbs with CALL: call for, call up, call in, call upon...

637,325 views ใƒป 2016-08-17

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is, again, a phrasal lesson,
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ www.engvid.com ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใพใŸใ€ๅฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
00:07
a phrasal verbs lesson. We're going to look at the verb "call". And again, a phrasal verb
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ใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œๅ‘ผใถใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž
00:13
is a verb plus a preposition that together sometimes have meanings completely different
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ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใซๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๅ˜่ชž่‡ชไฝ“ ใจใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒ
00:20
than the words themselves. Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:22
So, which ones are we going to look at today? We're going to look at "call on". Sometimes
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใฉใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ—ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€
00:26
you will hear people say: "Call upon". More or less the same usage. "Call up", "call back",
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใ€Œๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใฏใปใผๅŒใ˜ใ€‚ ใ€ŒCall upใ€ใ€ใ€Œcall backใ€ใ€
00:33
"call for", "call in", "call off", "call to"-and this is a little different because you always
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ใ€Œcall forใ€ใ€ใ€Œcall inใ€ใ€ใ€Œcall offใ€ใ€ใ€Œcall toใ€ - ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅธธใซ
00:39
need something else here, but I'll show you that-"call into"-also you need something at
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ไฝ•ใ‹ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™
00:45
the end here, because by itself it doesn't really work-and "on call".
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ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใงใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆœ€ๅพŒใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆ ใงใ™-ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€ใ€‚
00:49
Now, "on call" is not a phrasal verb. In fact, it's not a verb at all. This is actually a
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œon callใ€ใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹
00:55
situation. So, I'm going to start with this one. So, for example, "on call" is when you're
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็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€ใจใฏ
01:01
available at any time for a certain position. So, for example, if I'm a doctor or a nurse,
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ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒใ‚ธใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๅฏพๅฟœใงใใ‚‹็Šถๆ…‹ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใŒๅŒปๅธซใพใŸใฏ็œ‹่ญทๅธซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
01:09
at some point in my career, usually at the beginning, I will have a lot of on-call work,
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ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ™‚็‚นใ€้€šๅธธใฏ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆฎต้šŽใงใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
01:14
meaning that I have to be ready. Anytime somebody calls, I have to go to the hospital and do
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใŸใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใฏ็—…้™ขใซ่กŒใฃใฆไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
01:19
the work. A lot of jobs, for example, waitresses or even retail jobs, they give you an on-call
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚„ๅฐๅฃฒๆฅญใชใฉใ€ๅคšใใฎ ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใฎใƒใ‚ธใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™
01:26
position. It means it's not part time, it's not full time, it's on call. When they need
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ใ€‚ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใงใ‚‚ใชใใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹
01:30
you, they will call you, you will go to work right away. When they need you again, you'll
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ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใใซไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ . ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅ†ใณใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:36
go back. So, it's... Could be used as an adjective or a noun. A noun as the situation, "on call"
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ๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ So, it's... ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€ใจใ„ใ†็Šถๆณใจใ—ใฆใฎๅ่ฉž
01:42
to describe your position.
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ใ€‚
01:44
Okay, let's get to the verbs. "Call on". So, if I call on you for help, that means I'm
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚ชใƒณใ€ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ
01:51
asking you for help. So, you call on someone to help you do something. You also "call upon",
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใ†ใŸใ‚ใซ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใ€Œๅ‘ผใณๅฏ„ใ›ใ€ใพใ™
01:59
but this is not necessarily a person. You can call upon your wits, you can call upon
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณ่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็Ÿฅๆ€งใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณ่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:05
your intelligence. It means you want to draw. So you're asking your brain to give you the
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆใใŸใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†่„ณใซๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
02:10
tools you need to do something. So, this job is going to... Is going to call on all our
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ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ ใฏโ€ฆ ใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใŸใกใฎ
02:17
energy, all our brains, all our confidence to do this job. So that's "call on". Okay?
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ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ€้ ญ่„ณใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๆณจใŽ่พผใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚ชใƒณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:25
Okay, let's go to the next one. Excuse me. "Call up". A few meanings to this one. One is just telephone.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆฌกใธ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€ใคใฏใŸใ ใฎ้›ป่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
02:31
"Oh, yeah, I'll see you next week. I'll call you up sometime and we'll go out for a drink."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใใ†ใ€ใพใŸๆฅ้€ฑใญใ€‚ใ„ใคใ‹้›ป่ฉฑ ใ—ใฆ้ฃฒใฟใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆใ€
02:35
Okay? So you can say: "Call someone" or you can "call someone up",
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œcall someoneใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œcall someone upใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€
02:39
basically means the same thing. But in sports or in the military, it has a different use.
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ ใ‚„่ปไบ‹ใงใฏๅˆฅใฎ็”จ้€”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:45
In sports it's a promotion. So, many professional teams, they have the amateur teams or the
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ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใงใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒ—ใƒญ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒžใƒใƒฅใ‚ขใƒใƒผใƒ ใ‚„
02:52
semi-professional teams that their youngest... Their young athletes play there, and when
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใƒ—ใƒญใƒใƒผใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆœ€ๅนดๅฐ‘ใฏ ใใ“ใงใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ—
02:58
they get good enough, they're called up to the big team, to the professional team. So,
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅๅˆ†ใซ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใƒใƒผใƒ ใ‚„ใƒ—ใƒญใƒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™. .
03:03
for example, in hockey you have your NHL teams, your professional league teams, you have your
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ›ใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒผใซใฏ NHL ใƒใƒผใƒ  ใ€ใƒ—ใƒญ ใƒชใƒผใ‚ฐ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใƒ  ใƒใƒผใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:09
farm teams. This is the... We call these the "farm teams".
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ... ็ง ใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ€Œ่พฒๅ ดใƒใƒผใƒ ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
Okay? That's the ones that are
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:16
just learning, they are young guys, they are trying to get up to the major leagues or the
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใ ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ€ ใƒกใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚ฐใ‚„ใƒกใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ ใซไธŠใŒใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่‹ฅใ„
03:21
major teams. So, you call them up. They've done well, they're called up to the next level.
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้ธๆ‰‹ใŸใกใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™.
03:27
In military, some countries, they have a draft. It means that they pick out young people to
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่ป้šŠใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒ•ใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฅ่€…ใ‚’้ธใ‚“ใง
03:34
become soldiers and go to war. So, when they draft them, they're calling them up. Okay?
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ๅ…ตๅฃซใซใ—ใฆๆˆฆไบ‰ใซ่กŒใใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒ•ใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:40
They're out of high school or college, or whatever the situation, and they're called
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ซ˜ๆ กใ‚„ๅคงๅญฆใ‚’ๅ’ๆฅญใ— ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€็ŠถๆณใŒใฉใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€
03:45
up to serve. It means they're going to the army. Okay.
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ๅฅ‰ไป•ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅฌ้›†ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่ป้šŠใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
03:49
So now we're going to look at "call back". So, of course, there's always:
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
03:52
"Hey, come back." So you're calling out to somebody, asking them to come back, to return. And the
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ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅธธใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซ ๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆˆปใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
03:57
same thing you can do with a telephone call. I call somebody at their office, let's say,
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ใ€้›ป่ฉฑใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใฎใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
04:02
the person is not available, out to lunch or away from the office or in a meeting, and
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ใใฎไบบใŒไธๅœจใงใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚’้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€ไผš่ญฐใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
04:06
I leave a message and I say: "Can you please ask him or her to call me back?" Basically,
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ใ€ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซๆŠ˜ใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๏ผŸใ€ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€
04:11
return my phone call. Okay. Now, another common use of "call back" is when you have an interview
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็งใฎ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œcall backใ€ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใฏใ€้ขๆŽฅใ‚„ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™
04:18
or audition.
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ใ€‚
04:24
So, an "audition" is when an actor goes to try to get a part in a movie,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใจใฏใ€ไฟณๅ„ช ใŒๆ˜ ็”ป
04:28
or a TV show, or a play, whatever. So they go for an audition, they go to show what they
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ใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ€ๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใชใฉใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซ่กŒใใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใซ่กŒใ
04:33
can do. Now, if they are called back, that means they are invited to a second audition.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅ‘ผใณๆˆปใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ2ๅ›ž็›ฎใฎใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
04:40
Or in an interview, they're invited to a second interview. So it's very uncommon these days
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ใพใŸใฏใ€้ขๆŽฅใงใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ขๆŽฅใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘
04:45
in professional situations, if you go to an interview, they're not going to give you the
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ใฎๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ ้ขๆŽฅใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ™ใใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซใพใ‚Œ
04:49
job right away. They are interviewing many, many people, they will finish all the first
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ใงใ™. ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ ๅคšใใฎไบบใซ
04:55
interviews, and then they will call back people for the second interview. So if you get a...
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ็ต‚ใˆใฆ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฎใŸใ‚ใซไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณๆˆปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ So if you get a...
05:00
Some... It's also a noun. You can say: "a callback". If you get a callback, that means
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Some... ใใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆ
05:07
you've been invited for a second interview; or in the case of acting, for a second audition.
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ใฏใ€2 ๅ›ž็›ฎใฎ้ขๆŽฅใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏๆผ”ๆŠ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€2ๅ›ž็›ฎใฎใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
05:12
Okay? So these are the common uses of "back".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏใ€Œๆˆปใ‚‹ใ€ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:15
"Call for". Now, if you call for something, if a situation calls for something, it means
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"ๅ‘ผใณๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹"ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆๆฑ‚ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็ŠถๆณใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆๆฑ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:21
it demands it or it requires it. Okay? Or so, for example: This situation calls for
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ฆๆฑ‚ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฟ…่ฆใจใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€
05:28
special attention. Okay? That's what this situation needs. It calls for this, it calls
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็‰นๅˆฅใชๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใฎ ็Šถๆณใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŒ
05:33
for that. So, for example, if I need... If I need to do something that's very, very expert
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ๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‰โ€ฆ ้žๅธธใซๅฐ‚้–€็š„
05:40
or very, very niche, I might... The job itself might call for an expert or a specialist.
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ใชใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฏโ€ฆ ไป•ไบ‹่‡ชไฝ“ ใŒๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใ‚„ใ‚นใƒšใ‚ทใƒฃใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:47
So then I would call in a specialist, but I'll get to that in a second.
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ใใ‚Œใชใ‚‰ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ— ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ™ใใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:50
Another "call for", somebody comes... Your son or daughter comes home from school to get the mail from
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ๅˆฅใฎใ€Œๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ—ใ€ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆฅใ‚‹...ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆฏๅญใพใŸใฏ ๅจ˜ใŒๅญฆๆ กใ‹ใ‚‰ๅธฐใฃใฆใ
05:57
their college they applied to, they open it: -"I got accepted! I got accepted!"
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ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ—ใŸๅคงๅญฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใƒกใƒผใƒซ ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:01
-"Well, this calls for a celebration!" and you go and get the wine: "Cheers, cheers, cheers."
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-ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ฅ่ณ€ไผšใ‚’ๅ‘ผใถ!ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใƒฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใซ่กŒใใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œไนพๆฏใ€ไนพๆฏใ€ไนพๆฏใ€ใ€‚
06:06
So, to find something appropriate for an occasion. So, the occasion calls for a response. Okay?
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆฉŸไผšใซ้ฉใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎๆฉŸไผšใซๅฏพๅฟœใŒๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:14
So, calling for champagne always a good idea.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒณใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:17
So, again, "call in". So, like I said before, if you have to call in somebody, means you
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ใงใฏใ€ใพใŸใ€ŒใŠ้›ป่ฉฑใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใถๅฟ…่ฆ
06:23
have to bring a specialist. Call in an expert, call in somebody who has knowledge about something
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใ‚’ ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใง
06:29
so you can do whatever the task needs to do. Another meaning of "call in", and again, going
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œcall inใ€ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณ
06:35
back to the telephone: If you want to give a message, you can call it in. So, for example,
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ใจใ€้›ป่ฉฑใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€้›ป่ฉฑ ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
if I'm really, really sick... So, this morning, I woke up, I'm sneezing, I have a fever. I
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ๆœ ใ€็›ฎใŒ่ฆšใ‚ใŸใ€ใใ—ใ‚ƒใฟใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็†ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
06:45
really feel bad. I don't want to go to work. So, I don't go to the office, tell them:
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใ€‚ ไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใŸใใชใ„ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซ่กŒใ‹ใšใ€
06:50
"Look, I'm sick, I'm going home." I just call in sick. It means I telephone, I say:
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ใ€Œใปใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€ๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใŸใ  ็—…ๆฐ—ใง้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
06:55
"Yeah, I'm sick, I'm not coming in today." Okay, everybody understands. No problem. You can
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ•้กŒใชใ„ใ€‚
07:00
call in your message. If you have to vote. For example, if I want to vote in my country's
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ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใงๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆŠ•็ฅจใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅ›ฝใฎ้ธๆŒ™ใงๆŠ•็ฅจใ—ใŸใ„
07:07
election but I'm out of the country, some... Some countries will let you call in your vote.
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ใŒใ€ๅ›ฝๅค–ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹... ไธ€้ƒจใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€ๆŠ•็ฅจใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:15
You can call, leave your message, leave your vote, they accept it, that's it.
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้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ€ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ— ใฆใ€ๆŠ•็ฅจใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:19
"Call off". If you call off something, it means cancelled. Okay? So you had a party
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธญๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏไธญๆญขใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:25
set to be outside, like a picnic or a barbeque, and it started to rain. So, you had nowhere
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ใƒ”ใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚„ใƒใƒผใƒ™ใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผใชใฉใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ๅฑ‹ๅค–ใง่กŒใ†ไบˆๅฎšใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
07:32
indoors, you have no cover, so you had to call off the party. Or you got injured the
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ๅฑ‹ๅ†…ใซใฉใ“ใซใ‚‚ใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ—ใ€ใ‚ซใƒใƒผใ‚‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ไธญๆญขใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ . ใพใŸใฏ
07:37
day before the party, so you had to call it off, cancel it. Sometimes people use it to
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ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๅ‰ๆ—ฅใซๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ ไธญๆญขใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅปถๆœŸใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
07:42
mean postpone, but usually it means cancel. So, "call off". Now, another way we can use
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ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–น
07:51
"call off" is, like, somebody... The police are coming at you. Let's say I'm a drug dealer.
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ใฏใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ... ่ญฆๅฏŸใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ้บป่–ฌใฎๅฃฒไบบใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:55
Okay? And I have my drugs in my pockets. And the police coming with their dogs, and these
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่–ฌใ‚’ใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ญฆๅฏŸใŒ็Šฌใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใ‚„ใฃใฆใใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
08:00
dogs are barking, and they're going crazy, and I say: "Whoa, call off your dogs." It
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็Šฌใฏๅ ใˆใ€้ ญใŒใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
08:04
means: "Hold them back, restrain them, don't let them go forward." We can also use it in
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŠ‘ใˆใ€ๆ‹˜ๆŸใ—ใ€ๅ‰ใซ้€ฒใพใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ป้šŠใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใ
08:09
the military. So, the soldiers are about to go to attack, and the... Whoever they're attacking
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅ…ตๅฃซใŸใกใฏ ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ่ชฐใงใ‚‚
08:15
comes out with their hands up: "Whoa, call off your soldiers. We're giving up." It means:
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ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™๏ผšใ€ŒใŠใฃใจใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ…ตๅฃซใ‚’ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
08:18
"Don't attack. Hold back." Okay? So that's "call off".
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ใ€Œๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๆŽงใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:22
Now, "call to" by itself doesn't really mean much. So, we say: "Call to action", for example.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œcall toใ€่‡ชไฝ“ใซใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ่กŒๅ‹•ๅ–š่ตทใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:31
A call to action... Now, all of you, obviously, you're online right now, you've been to many
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่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ไฟƒใ™ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ... ใ•ใฆใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใงใ€ๅคšใใฎ
08:36
websites. In many websites you will see: "Sign up", or "Buy now", or "Find out more",
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ™ใ่ณผๅ…ฅใ€ใ€
08:43
"Learn more", "Get more information". All of these buttons that are asking you to do something,
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ใ€Œ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ฉณ็ดฐๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่กจ็คบใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹
08:49
these are called "calls to action". So, in that case, they're actually nouns, they're
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ใ€Œ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ไฟƒใ™ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:54
not phrasal verbs. But if you... If you're the person who wrote the site, the website
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ... ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚„ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใชใฉใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸไบบใชใ‚‰
08:59
or whatever, you... You want to call your viewers to action, you want them to do something.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ... ่ฆ–่ด่€… ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ไฟƒใ—ใŸใ„ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„.
09:05
Okay? "Call to action". You can also say: "Call to mind". Now, this has a very different
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ—"ใ€‚ ใ€ŒCall to mindใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚‹
09:13
meaning. Let's say you're walking along the street, you hear some music somewhere, and
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใฉใ“ใ‹ใง้ŸณๆฅฝใŒ่žใ“ใˆ
09:17
it just calls to mind that vacation you had in Hawaii last year. So, basically, like,
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ใฆใใฆใ€ๆ˜จๅนดใƒใƒฏใ‚คใงไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€
09:23
recall. You know the verb "recall", to bring to mind? You can also "call to mind", it means
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ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œrecallใ€ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œcall to mindใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒ
09:28
the same idea. Okay?
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ใ€ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:31
And "call into" is... Works on the same principle. You're always going to call something into
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œcall intoใ€ใฏ... ๅŒใ˜ๅŽŸ็†ใงๅ‹•ไฝœใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅธธใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
09:35
something. Call... So, you're going to "call into question". Sorry, my "q" is not so pretty.
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ใ€‚ ้›ป่ฉฑ...ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่ณชๅ•ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ ใ€‚ ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใฎใ€Œqใ€ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใใ‚Œใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:43
"Call into question". So, somebody wrote an article, or an essay, or a newspaper column,
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"็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹"ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ–ฐ่žใฎใ‚ณใƒฉใƒ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„
09:51
and you read it and then you say: "No, no, something's not right, here." So, you call
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ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š
09:55
the publisher and you call the information into question, or you call the writer into
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ใ€ๅ‡บ็‰ˆ็คพใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆๆƒ…ๅ ฑ ใซ็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไฝœๅฎถใซ
10:00
question. It means you doubt. You think there's something wrong and you want to investigate
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็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็–‘ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„
10:05
the problem with that article, or with the writer, him or herself. Okay, that's basically
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ใ€ใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ชฟๆŸป ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ
10:11
it for "call into". Always call into question or call into some sort of doubt, etc. And
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็š„ใซใ€Œๅ‘ผใณ่พผใฟใ€ใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅธธใซ็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็–‘ๅ•ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:16
then again, "on call", ready to work at any time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€ใ—ใฆใ€ ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ไฝœๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:19
So, I hope these are clear enough. And if you need to practice them some more, please
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๅๅˆ†ใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
10:25
go to the www.engvid.com website, there's a quiz there. You can also ask me questions.
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ใ€www.engvid.com ใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใซ่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:30
And yeah, if you...
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ... ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช
10:32
Please subscribe to my channel if you like this video, and see me again soon. Bye-bye.
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ใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใพใŸใ™ใใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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