Learn Vocabulary - look, look like, look alike, look as if...

450,412 views ใƒป 2014-10-14

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson comes from a request by a few
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ www.engvid.com ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ€
00:05
students actually about how to use the verb: "look". Especially when I have: "look", "look
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œlookใ€ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ๆ•ฐไบบใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใƒชใ‚ฏใ‚จใ‚นใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็‰นใซ็งใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ๏ผšใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ
00:11
like", "look alike", "look as if", "look as though". So what we're going to do is we're
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ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚‹ใง่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚‹ใง่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ ใ€ใ€‚
00:15
going to explain the different uses because this is a very common verb and very useful
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Š
00:21
for everybody to know.
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ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚
00:22
So first, let's look at the plain verb: "look". "He looks happy.", "She looks sad." In this
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ใพใšใ€ๆ™ฎ้€šใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œlookใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ‚ฒใ—ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ ใ“ใฎ
00:30
case, very straightforward. The verb means have the appearance of, to appear in a certain
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง็พใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใฎๅค–่ฆณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
00:35
way. So it's always about physical appearance, what the eyes can see. "He looks sad." Means
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ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใชๅค–่ฆณ ใ€็›ฎใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™. ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ‚ฒใ—ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
00:41
maybe has a frown. "Looks happy." Big smile. Right? Doesn't matter what the appearance
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็œ‰ใ‚’ใฒใใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅนธใ›ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใ‚นใƒžใ‚คใƒซใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅค–่ฆณใŒใฉใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚Œ
00:46
is, that's what we use "look" for. "Look" plus usually an adjective or etcetera.
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œlookใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒLookใ€ใซ ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใชใฉใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:52
Now, "look like". Technically, this "like" is a preposition, it's a verb plus a preposition.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œไผผใฆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ€Œlikeใ€ใฏ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:59
Now, many people will say: "It looks like it's going to rain." Now, does this seem like
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
01:05
a good sentence to you, like a correct sentence to you? "It looks like it's going to rain."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ่‰ฏใ„ๆ–‡ใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:10
If you say: "Yes", don't worry - most people, including native English speakers will say
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใŒใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:15
this sentence. "Oh, it looks like it's going to rain." Clouds, grey clouds, a little bit
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ้›ฒใ€็ฐ่‰ฒใฎ้›ฒใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—
01:20
chilly, looks like it's going to rain. Technically, this is incorrect. You could say: "It looks
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่‚Œๅฏ’ใ„ใ€้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใซใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›จใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
01:29
like rain." That would be okay. After "like" which is a preposition-okay?-you cannot have
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œlikeใ€ใฎๅพŒใซ ใฏ
01:37
a clause, you cannot have a subject and verb. You can only have a noun or an adjective,
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ใ€็ฏ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไธป่ชžใ‚„ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใชใฉใฎใฟใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใ
01:43
etcetera. "It looks like rain." That's the... That's the appearance we have. Okay? But again,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ "้›จ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚" ใใ‚ŒใŒโ€ฆ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅงฟใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:51
many, many people including native English speakers use this incorrectly. If you do,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ€้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€
01:58
don't worry about it. Everybody will understand you. If you're writing an academic PhD thesis,
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅญฆ่ก“็š„ใชๅšๅฃซ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
02:04
don't do that.
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ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:06
Now, when can I use a clause after "like"? After "look", I'm sorry. You can do it with
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใฎใ‚ใจใฎ็ฏ€ใฏใ„ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใฎใ‚ใจใ€ใ™ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใ€Œasใ€ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
02:12
the conjunction: "as". Okay? "Looks"... "Look as if" or: "Look as though" is a verb and
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "Looks"... "Look as if" or: "Look as like" ใฏๅ‹•่ฉž
02:19
a conjunction. After a conjunction, you can have the subordinate clause. A comparative
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ใจๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ ใฏๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:25
adverb clause with a subject and a verb. "It looks as if it was going to rain.", "It looks
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ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆฏ”่ผƒๅ‰ฏ่ฉžๅฅใ€‚ ใ€Œ
02:31
as if it were going to rain.", "It looks as though it was going to rain." Okay? Or: "It
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้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œ
02:37
looked as though it was going to rain." Now, we'll get back to that in a second.
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ใพใ‚‹ใง้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใงใฏใ€ใ™ใใซใใฎ่ฉฑใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:41
We also have: "look alike". Okay? This is a verb plus an adjective. "Look alike" is
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ใ€Œใใฃใใ‚Šใ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅ‹•่ฉž๏ผ‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏ
02:47
when two things look similar to each other. So Bob and his brother, Bill, really look
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ใ€2ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒไบ’ใ„ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒœใƒ–ใจๅผŸใฎใƒ“ใƒซใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
02:55
alike. Means they look like brothers, they look almost the same or very similar. Right?
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ไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅ…„ๅผŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅŒใ˜ใ‹้žๅธธใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™. ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅ่ฉžใง
03:00
Keep in mind you can also have a "lookalike" which is a noun actually. Now, if you ever
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œlookalikeใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
03:08
go to Las Vegas, you will see many men especially, I'm sure women do it as well, but many men
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ใƒฉใ‚นใƒ™ใ‚ฌใ‚นใซ่กŒใ‘ใฐใ€็‰นใซๅคšใใฎ็”ทๆ€ง ใ‚’็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚‚ใใฃใจใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎ็”ทๆ€ง
03:15
dressed like Elvis Presley. You know, they have the hair, they have that suit, the glasses
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ใฏใ‚จใƒซใƒดใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒปใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚นใƒชใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ ผๅฅฝใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ซชใฎๆฏ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใฆใ€็œผ้กใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘
03:19
- they are called lookalikes, they're impersonators. They pretend to be somebody else; they dress
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ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใใฃใใ‚Šใ•ใ‚“ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ€ใชใ‚Šใ™ใพใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไป–ไบบใฎใตใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ๆœใ‚’็€ใฆ
03:24
the same, they look the same, they act the same, speak the same, etcetera. Lots of places
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ใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ใ€ ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ€ใชใฉใชใฉใ€‚
03:30
you will see like Princess Diana lookalikes or-what's her name?-Kate now. Kate? Yeah,
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ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒŠๅฆƒใฎใใฃใใ‚Š ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚„ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ? -ใ‚ฑใ‚คใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใ‚ฑใ‚คใƒˆ๏ผŸ ใฏใ„
03:35
that's the new princess. Lots of lookalikes, people pretend to look like that.
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ใ€ๆ–ฐๅงซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ ใใฃใใ‚Šใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใตใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:40
Now, "look as if", "look as though". I've done a bit of research on this because someone
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚‹ใงใ€ใ€ใ€Œใพใ‚‹ใงใ€ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹
03:46
asked me to find out what the difference is. Most teachers, many books, if not, most books
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ใŒ็งใซ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใ ใฎใงใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟๆŸปใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ•™ๅธซใ€ๅคšใใฎๆœฌใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆœฌ
03:51
will tell you that there is absolutely no difference between the two. So if you interchange
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ใฏใ€2ใคใฎ้–“ใซใพใฃใŸใ้•ใ„ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ . ใชใฎใงใ€ๅ…ฅใ‚Œๆ›ฟใˆ
03:56
them, if you use them the same way, one or the other... "It looks like it's like...",
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ใฆๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใŒใƒปใƒปใƒป ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใซใƒปใƒปใƒปใ€
04:01
"It looks as if it were going to rain.", "It looks as though it were going to rain." No
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ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:05
problem, everybody will understand you. If you write it, also, probably no problem.
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ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ—ใพใˆใฐๅ•้กŒใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:10
I'll tell you how I personally use the two a little bit differently. Okay? For me, "looks
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ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใฏ
04:17
as if" talks about a possibility. Okay? It might be that way, it's more of a hypothetical
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
04:27
because of the word: "if". We usually use "if" as a hypothetical; maybe yes, maybe no,
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ใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šไปฎ่ชฌ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ ใ€Œifใ€ใฏไปฎ่ชฌใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ๅคšๅˆ†ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
04:32
we don't really know, possible. "Looks as though" I would say is a bit more probable,
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็งใŸใกใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ† ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€ใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„
04:37
a probability. So: "It looks as if it were going to rain." Okay? It looks like it might,
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ใ€็ขบ็Ž‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:46
but we don't know, it might not rain. We don't really have enough reason to think, it's just
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้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๅๅˆ†ใช็†็”ฑใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
04:50
possible. "Yeah, looks like... Looks as though it's going to rain." I'm a little bit more
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰โ€ฆโ€ฆ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใใ†ใ ใ€
04:55
sure because I can see the thunder... Or I can hear the thunder, I can see the lightning;
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้›ทใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็ขบไฟกใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™... ใพใŸใฏ ใ€้›ทใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚็จฒๅฆปใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:59
I have more reason to believe so. Now, again, there's no rule. If you want to use them the
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็งใซใฏใใ†ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
05:05
same way, go ahead.
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ใ€ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:06
Now, as far as the "were" here, this is part of the subjunctive voice. Usually with "if",
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ "were" ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŽฅ็ถš ๆณ•้Ÿณๅฃฐใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใงใฏใ€
05:14
we're going to use "were" in the past tense. "He", "she", "it", "I", "you", "everybody"
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ใ€Œwereใ€ใ‚’้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€
05:17
- "were". With "though", you would use "was", not "were". But, again, people are not very
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- ใ€Œใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใใฏใ€ใ€Œwereใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œwasใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
05:24
strict about this particular expression, this particular clause. If you say: "Looked as
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ่กจ็พใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆก้ …ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚ŠๅŽณๅฏ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œ
05:29
if it was going to rain." Okay. Okay? In terms of the different verbs you're going to use,
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ใพใ‚‹ใง้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ‹•่ฉžใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏ
05:35
depends on the context and the situation. But think of this as the adjective... As the
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใจ็Šถๆณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„...
05:40
conjunction for the clause and the verb will match the situation, not the clause itself.
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็ฏ€ใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉž ใฏใ€็ฏ€่‡ชไฝ“ใงใฏใชใใ€็Šถๆณใซไธ€่‡ดใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅพ“ใ‚
05:47
There's no rule, particular rule that you have to follow. It's all about context.
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ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:52
"Look", appearance. "Look like", resemble something. "Look alike", two things, or three
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ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ€็™ปๅ ดใ€‚ ใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซไผผใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€2 ใคใ€3 ใค
05:58
things, or many things look similar. "Look as if", it's possibly going to happen, it
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ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅคšใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใ‚ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ€ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
06:04
seems to be, appears to be. "Looks as though", I'm pretty sure, it's more probable, in my
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€ใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹. ็งใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจ ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„
06:09
case. You do as suits you I think the best.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็งใŒไธ€็•ชใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:14
Again, if you want to practice this, go to www.engvid.com, there's a quiz there that
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ— ใฆ
06:18
you can practice. Ask your questions. I'll be happy to give you more examples.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:22
And come back again.
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ใใ—ใฆใพใŸๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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