Why the English Language Is Hard to Learn (part 1)

28,547 views ใƒป 2019-08-07

To Fluency


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
(upbeat instrumental music)
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(ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใชๅ™จๆฅฝ)
00:02
- [Jack] Hello, this is Jack from tofluency.com,
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- [Jack] ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ tofluency.com ใฎ Jack ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:05
and these are the reasons why
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ
00:08
the English language is hard to learn.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’็ฟ’ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
00:12
So there are various sentences in this article.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใซใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใช ๆ–‡็ซ ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:15
You can see these on your screen.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็”ป้ขใง็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:18
I'm going to read some of these to you,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’่ชญใฟไธŠใ’
00:21
and also at the end explain how you can improve
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ”นๅ–„ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
00:25
this area of English.
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.
00:27
But first, what we are looking at today are these.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใพใšใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:33
- [Woman] Heteronym.
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ใƒปใ€ๅฅณใ€‘็•ฐๅใ€‚
00:34
- [Jack] Heteronym.
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- [ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ]็•ฐๅใ€‚
00:35
How is my American accent?
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็งใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:38
- [Woman] Heteronym.
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00:38
- [Jack] Heteronym, heteronym.
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ใƒปใ€ๅฅณใ€‘็•ฐๅใ€‚
- [ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ] ็•ฐๅใ€็•ฐๅใ€‚
00:41
This is interesting, because they use the D sound
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€T ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ D ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ
00:45
instead of the T sound.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:47
Heteronym, heteronym, heteronym.
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็•ฐ้Ÿณใ€็•ฐ้Ÿณใ€็•ฐ้Ÿณใ€‚
00:51
Now these are two or more words
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ 2 ใคไปฅไธŠใฎๅ˜่ชž
00:54
that are spelled identically,
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ใงใ€ใคใฅใ‚ŠใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€
00:57
but have different sounds and meanings,
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้Ÿณใจๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:00
such as tear meaning rip,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ฃ‚ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎ
01:03
and tear meaning liquid from the eye.
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ๆถ™ใจใ€็›ฎใ‹ใ‚‰ๆถฒไฝ“ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ฃ‚ใใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:07
Now all of these sentences include heteronyms,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใซ ใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใŒๅซใพ
01:12
and I'm going to just explain
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01:14
some of these sentences to you,
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ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹
01:16
and then again, at the end, I'm going to talk about
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ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ
01:19
how you can improve this area of English.
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ใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ”นๅ–„ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:22
Now this also highlights the fact
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸ
01:25
that English isn't phonetic,
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใŒ้Ÿณๅฃฐๅญฆ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ๆตฎใๅฝซใ‚Šใซใ—ใฆ
01:27
which means that you can't know the sound of a word
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ ใ‘ ใงใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
01:33
just from its spelling.
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ใ€‚
01:34
And this is a more advanced example of this,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชไพ‹
01:39
where we're actually looking at two words
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ใงใ™
01:42
that have the same spelling,
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ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒ
01:44
but they have different meaning and different ways
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใจ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ 2
01:47
to say these words.
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ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
So let's look at number one.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ1ไฝใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:52
Okay, here it is.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ ใ€‚
01:53
The bandage was wound around the wound,
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ๅ‚ทๅฃใซๅŒ…ๅธฏ
01:58
and they put the around in there too.
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ใŒๅทปใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซใ‚‚ๅŒ…ๅธฏใŒๅทปใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:00
It's a bit of a tongue-twister.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—่ˆŒใƒ„ใ‚คใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
02:02
The bandage was wound around the wound.
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ๅ‚ทๅฃใซๅŒ…ๅธฏใŒๅทปใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:05
The bandage was wound around the wound.
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ๅ‚ทๅฃใซๅŒ…ๅธฏใŒๅทปใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:08
Okay, number two.
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ใ•ใฆใ€2็•ช็›ฎใ€‚
02:09
The farm was used to produce produce.
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่พฒๅ ดใฏ่พฒ็”ฃ็‰ฉใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:13
The farm was used to produce produce.
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่พฒๅ ดใฏ่พฒ็”ฃ็‰ฉใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:18
And here's a quick tip.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:19
If you're ever stuck on something,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ่กŒใ่ฉฐใพใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ
02:22
you can just enter it into the Google dictionary
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ใ€Google ่พžๆ›ธใซๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€
02:26
and it gives you the verb pronunciation here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:30
- [Man] Produce.
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02:30
- [Jack] Produce, it's the verb, produce.
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- [็”ท] ใƒ—ใƒญใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ€‚
- [ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ] ใƒ—ใƒญใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
02:34
And then the noun.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ่ฉžใ€‚
02:36
- Produce. - Produce, produce.
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- ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ€‚ ใƒปใƒ—ใƒญใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ€‚ ็‰นใซ่พฒๆฅญ
02:39
Things that have been produced or grown,
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ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็”Ÿ็”ฃใพใŸใฏๆ ฝๅŸนใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎ
02:41
especially by farming.
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ใ€‚
02:44
Good, okay.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€‚
02:46
Number four.
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4็•ชใ€‚
02:48
We must polish the Polish furniture.
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ใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅฎถๅ…ทใ‚’็ฃจใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:52
We must polish the Polish furniture.
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ใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅฎถๅ…ทใ‚’็ฃจใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:56
So Polish furniture is furniture from Poland,
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ใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅฎถๅ…ทใฏใƒใƒผใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅฎถๅ…ท ใง
03:01
and to polish means to clean something.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ฃจใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:06
Actually, let's have a quick look here.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใง็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:09
Make the surface of something smooth
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็‰ฉใ‚’ใ“ใ™ใฃใฆใ€่กจ้ขใ‚’
03:13
and shiny by rubbing it.
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ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:15
It's a better description than what I used.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใ™ใ€‚
03:18
Make the surface of something smooth
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็‰ฉใ‚’ใ“ใ™ใฃใฆใ€่กจ้ขใ‚’
03:20
and shiny by rubbing it.
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ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใคใ‚‹ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:23
So you can polish brass, for example.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็œŸ้ฎใ‚’็ฃจใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:26
Let's do number five.
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5็•ชใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:29
He could lead if he would get the lead out.
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ๅฝผใŒใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใŸ.
03:33
He could lead if he would get the lead out.
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ๅฝผใŒใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใŸ.
03:36
This isn't a very natural sentence,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใชๆ–‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:39
but to lead is like a leader, to be a leader,
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ใŒใ€Lead ใฏใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใง ใ€ใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
03:43
to be in charge of people,
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ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๆ‹…ๅฝ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง
03:45
and lead is a type of metal.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€Lead ใฏ้‡‘ๅฑžใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:48
So again, if you're in doubt, the verb.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€็–‘ๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
- [Man] Lead.
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- [็”ท] ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ€‚
03:53
- [Jack] Lead.
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- [ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ] ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ€‚
03:54
And then the noun, they don't have the pronunciation here.
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ใใ—ใฆๅ่ฉžใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ็™บ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:00
There it is.
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ใใ“ใซใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:01
- Lead. - Lead.
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- ้‰›ใ€‚ - ้‰›ใ€‚
04:04
A heavy, bluish-gray, soft, ductile metal.
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้‡ใใ€้’ใฟใŒใ‹ใฃใŸ็ฐ่‰ฒใงใ€ๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใใ€ๅปถๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹้‡‘ๅฑžใ€‚
04:08
Number nine.
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9็•ชใ€‚
04:10
When shot at, the dove dove into the bushes.
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ๆ’ƒใŸใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ ้ณฉใฏ่Œ‚ใฟใซ้ฃ›ใณ่พผใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:15
When shot at, the dove dove into the bushes.
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ๆ’ƒใŸใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ ้ณฉใฏ่Œ‚ใฟใซ้ฃ›ใณ่พผใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:18
So the dove here is a type of bird,
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ้ณฉใฏ้ณฅใฎไธ€็จฎใง
04:21
and dove is the past tense of dive.
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ใ€้ณฉใฏใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
04:26
Now what's interesting is I think in British English
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎใฏ ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชž
04:31
past tense, it's dived.
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ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใฏใ€dived ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:35
The words dived and dove are interchangeable
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ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใจ้ณฉใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰
04:38
as a past tense and past participle of the verb dive.
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ใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไบคๆ›ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
Both verb inflections are used in American
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ๅฝขใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ
04:45
and British English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:46
However, dove is an Americanism,
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€dove ใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไธป็พฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹
04:48
and thus tends to be used more in American English.
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:51
Yeah, it sounded strange to me when people
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ใˆใˆใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ้ณฉใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใจใใ€็งใซใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ—ใŸ
04:54
first used dove, okay?
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ใญใ€‚
04:57
But when shot at, the dove dove into the bushes.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ’ƒใŸใ‚ŒใŸใจใใ€ ้ณฉใฏ่Œ‚ใฟใซ้ฃ›ใณ่พผใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:00
Let's have a look at number 13 now.
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13็•ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:04
They were too close to the door to close it.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใซ่ฟ‘ใ™ใŽใฆใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:08
So one uses the S sound, one uses the zed, or the Z sound.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€S ้Ÿณใ€ Zedใ€ใพใŸใฏ Z ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
Let's do number 19.
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19็•ชใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚็ตต
05:14
Upon seeing the tear in the painting I shed a tear.
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ใฎๆถ™ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ็งใฏๆถ™ใ‚’ๆตใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ตต
05:19
Upon seeing the tear in the painting I shed a tear.
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ใฎๆถ™ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ็งใฏๆถ™ใ‚’ๆตใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:23
So this is the example that Google gave us at the start.
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใŒ Google ใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ็คบใ—ใŸไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
(upbeat instrumental music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ๅ™จๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
05:30
So those are reasons why the English language
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ ่‹ฑ่ชž
05:32
is hard to learn.
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ใŒ็ฟ’ๅพ—ใ—ใซใใ„็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
05:34
Now this headline is a little bit too strong
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ใ“ใ“ใง
05:37
because what we're doing here is showing extreme examples.
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่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใฏๆฅต็ซฏใชไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅผทใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
And I'm sure in your native language
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆฏๅ›ฝ
05:44
you can think of different things or reasons why
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05:48
your language is hard to learn.
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่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ“ใจใ‚„็†็”ฑใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
05:50
For example, in Spanish,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชž
05:52
it's because of all the conjugations.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎๆดป็”จใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:55
When you take a verb there are so many
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใจใ
05:57
different conjugations depending on the subject,
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ใ€ไธป่ชž
06:00
and the tense, and other things,
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ใ‚„ๆ™‚ๅˆถใชใฉใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆดป็”จใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’
06:03
that this can be difficult for speakers
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่ฉฑใ™ไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:06
of English to understand.
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.
06:08
Now when it comes to English, this is a big area,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅคงใใช้ ˜ๅŸŸใง
06:13
and something that you're going to have to get used to,
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:16
because English isn't phonetic,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐๅญฆ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€
06:19
which again means that you can't understand
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็†่งฃใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
or you don't know the sound of a word from its spelling.
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็ถดใ‚Šใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ€‚
06:26
And these are just extreme examples where you have
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
06:29
one spelling of a word which has different meanings
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ใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ถดใ‚ŠใŒ 1 ใค ใงใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Š
06:33
and different ways to say the word.
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆฅต็ซฏใชไพ‹ใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:36
(upbeat instrumental music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ใ‚คใƒณใ‚นใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒซใƒกใƒณใ‚ฟใƒซ้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
06:38
Now when it comes to learning how words
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ใ•ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใจ
06:41
are said in English, I recommend listening
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ใ€็งใฏใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘่žใใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚
06:44
as much as possible.
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ใ—ใพใ™.
06:45
And one thing you can do is listen and read
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใค ใฏใ€่žใใ“ใจใจ
06:49
at the same time.
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่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:50
Recently, I made a video where I talked
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
06:52
about putting on subtitles in English.
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ใ€‚
06:56
You can check that out on my YouTube channel.
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็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใง็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:59
And this is a way for you to understand
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
07:02
how a word is pronounced.
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™.
07:05
So you can read and listen at the same time.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใจ่žใใ“ใจใ‚’ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:08
Turn on subtitles when you watch videos on YouTube.
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YouTube ใงๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ ใ‚ชใƒณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹
07:11
Turn on subtitles when you watch TV shows, too.
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ใจใใ‚‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒณใซใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:14
Another way to do this is to find audio books
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘
07:18
and listen and read at the same time.
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ใฆใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ่žใ„ใฆ่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใงใ™.
07:21
So to find those audio books and listen
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘
07:23
and read at the same time.
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ใฆใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ่žใ„ใฆ่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:24
Additionally, if you are learning new words and phrases,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
07:27
then find words and phrases that have audio,
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้Ÿณๅฃฐไป˜ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆ
07:31
and that is what I have inside the To Fluency program.
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€To Fluency ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ๅ†…ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฃฐ
07:35
I have downloadable audio sentences
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ใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่จ€ใ†ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ๅฏ่ƒฝใช้Ÿณๅฃฐ
07:38
which have me saying these sentences out loud.
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ๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:42
And if you want to learn more about this program,
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ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
07:45
then go to tofluency.com/tfp,
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ใฏใ€tofluency.com/tfp ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใ€
07:49
and also watch the video where I talked about
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07:52
the power of input and the power of sentences in English.
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ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใฎ ๅŠ›ใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฎๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚‚ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:58
(upbeat instrumental music)
157
478472
3750
(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ใ‚คใƒณใ‚นใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒซใƒกใƒณใ‚ฟใƒซ้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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