The Unexpected Way Spirituality Connects to Climate Change | Gopal D. Patel | TED

翻译人员: Lingzhi Luo 校对人员: Lening Xu

I'm going to start with a story.

我先说一个故事。

In 1730, in India,

1730 年的印度，

the king of Jodhpur wanted to build a new palace,

焦特布尔国王想建造一座新宫殿，

and he needed a large number of trees to be cut.

需要砍伐大量树木。

Alarmed at hearing this, a group of local environmental activists

一群当地的环保活动者 听到这个消息后惊慌失措，

went to protect the trees by throwing their arms around them.

他们开始用双臂抱住树木来保护它们。

We could consider them the first-ever tree huggers.

他们可能是有史以来 第一批激进环保主义者。

Now, while this story might be known to many of us,

现在，尽管许多人可能都听过这个故事，

what's often less known is what motivated these activists.

但他们通常不知道 这些环保活动者的动机是什么。

They came from the Bishnoi community,

他们来自比什诺伊社区，

a Hindu lineage founded on 29 principles of environmental care.

这是一个建立在 29 项环境保护原则基础上的印度教族系。

This is just one of so many amazing examples,

这只是其中一个突出的例子，

throughout the world,

在世界各地，

of religious communities stepping up to protect the environment

都有宗教群体为环保挺身而出的案例。

through addressing climate change,

他们指出气候变化，

restoring ecosystems

强调要修复生态系统，

and protecting biodiversity.

保护生物多样性。

And I've had the honor and the privilege

我很荣幸，

of working with many such groups in different parts of the world

能与世界各地这样的群体合作，

for environmental action.

一同开展环境行动。

But before I did that, I actually was living in India,

但在这之前，我生活在印度。

where I spent time in a Hindu ashram on the banks of the sacred river Ganges,

我在神圣的恒河岸边 一所印度教修道院呆了一段时间，

where I was studying Hindu spirituality

研究印度教的教义，

and how the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita

以及如何将《薄伽梵歌》的教义 应用于当今世界关注的问题。

could be applied to contemporary concerns in the world.

And it was this orientation of an engaged religion and spirituality

正是这种积极参与的宗教和精神取向，

that brought me to the climate movement in 2010.

将我带到了 2010 年的气候运动中。

And since then, I think like many of us,

从那以后，我想，和在座的各位一样，

I have experienced the highs and the lows

我的经历也是跌宕起伏，

as we've campaigned and advocated

只是为了坚持宣传和倡导

to keep the global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees.

将全球气温升高控制在 1.5 度以内。

And I don't know about you,

我不知道你们是怎么想的，

but I think right now, it can feel like it's a difficult time

但我认为现在，

to be working on climate change.

要应对气候变化更艰难了。

Sometimes, things just don't seem to be moving as quickly as we would like.

有时候，事情的发展 就是没有我们想要的那么快。

And more often than not, unfortunately, we might be feeling scared or stuck,

更不幸的是， 我们往往会感到害怕或陷入困境，

hopeless or maybe even burnt out.

绝望、甚至精疲力尽。

Coming from the faith sector,

从信仰这一方面来看，

I've always been interested in other ideas

我一直对其他植根于 宗教和灵性的思想感兴趣，

that are rooted in religion and spirituality

that can support the broader environmental movement.

这些想法可以让环保运动的路走得更广阔。

I started looking into the history of religious and spiritual groups,

于是我开始研究宗教和灵性群体的历史，

and started thinking that they could be

渐渐发现他们可能组织了一些

some of the most enduring social movements in the history of the world.

世界历史上最持久的社会运动。

They've been able to survive through multiple generations,

这些运动延续了好几代人，

adapt to changing situations,

适应不断变化的情况，

reform and revive themselves when needed.

必要时，能自发改革、复苏。

They've even inspired the leaders

这些运动甚至启发了

of some of the most iconic social movements in recent history,

近代历史上一些最具标志性的社会运动领导人，

such as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr.

例如圣雄甘地和小马丁·路德·金。

That's why I was really happy when a friend of mine,

所以，当时有个朋友

who was writing a book about Hindu approaches to pastoral care,

在写一本从印度教角度看精神指导的书，

asked me to contribute a chapter.

他邀请我写一章时，我真的很高兴。

Using my previous background as a university chaplain,

有以前做大学牧师的背景，

I developed a framework that I thought could help people

我设计了一个框架，认为它可以帮助

suffering from climate trauma.

遭受气候创伤的人。

And as I went around

我与来自不同背景的人 分享这个框架，

sharing this framework with people from different backgrounds,

they told me that it really resonated with them.

他们给我的反馈是， 这确实让他们有所共鸣。

The framework, although initially built for climate trauma,

尽管这个框架最初 是为气候创伤而建立的，

I think can really help with something I believe we need now

但我认为它 对气候运动也有帮助：

in the climate movement:

building resiliency and keeping momentum.

我们需要更有韧性、更有发展动力。

There are three core interconnected parts to this framework

这个框架有三个相互关联的核心部分，

that are drawn from across a variety of religious and spiritual traditions.

它们提取自不同的宗教和灵性传统。

I'm excited to share that with you,

我很高兴能够和你们分享这些，

and I'm going to use the Sanskrit words

下面我将用梵语

to explain the different aspects of the framework.

来解释这个框架里的核心部分。

We begin with "sangha,"

我们从 “僧伽” 开始，

nourishing and uplifting community,

它代表着滋养内心、勉人向上的社区。

where people come together to support one another

大家齐聚一堂，相互支持，

and reaffirm social ties.

重新找回社会连结。

This can happen weekly, monthly, or at different times of the year.

每周、每月或在一年中其他时候 都可以有一次这样的聚集。

So, for example, my Christian friends, they go to church on a Sunday.

例如，我的基督徒朋友每周日都去教堂。

My Muslim friends go to prayer on a Friday,

我的穆斯林朋友每周五去祈祷，

and my Hindu friends,

我的印度教朋友，

they will gather at major festivals, such as Diwali.

他们在灯节等重要节日聚集在一起。

We then have "sadhana,"

接着是 “萨达那”，

rituals and traditions that give us a sense of belonging.

它是能给我们带来归属感的仪式和传统。

This can often be fasting at times of the year,

这通常是一年中某些时候的禁食，

or going on pilgrimage,

或者去朝圣，

or retelling stories that have been passed down

或者重述几代人流传下来的故事。

for multiple generations.

Buddhists will go on pilgrimage to Gaya,

佛教徒前往伽耶朝圣，

where the Buddha found enlightenment.

佛陀是在那里得到了启蒙。

Jewish families and communities will retell the stories of their ancestors

犹太家庭和社区聚在一起，

when they gather for their holidays.

会重述他们祖先一起度假时所说的故事。

And then, we have "seva," purposeful action.

第三个是 “塞瓦”， 即有目的的行动。

These groups gave guidance and teachings for how to show up in the world,

这些团体引导和传授 我们在世上生而为人该做些什么，

how to care for one another and the planet.

我们该如何关心彼此、关爱地球。

In the Jain tradition,

在耆那教传统中，

there is a focus on leading a life based on nonviolence.

生活建立在非暴力的基础上。

Members of the Baha'i faith

巴哈伊信仰的成员

are encouraged to be anxiously concerned with the needs of the world.

被教化关心全世界之所需。

We do these things on a regular basis,

我们定期做这些事情，

but there are two ways that religious and spiritual groups

但宗教和精神团体 参与这些实践的方式有两种，

engage in these practices

that set them slightly apart.

这使他们略有不同。

The first is intention.

首先是意图。

When religious and spiritual groups engage in these practices,

宗教和灵性团体参与这些活动时，

they do them with a sense of importance,

他们是带着仪式感的，

recognize that these are core functions of what it means to be part of that group.

他们知道， 这是作为团体一份子该履行的职责。

Let's illustrate that with an example from the climate movement.

我举一个气候运动的例子来说明这一点：

Let's look at the Fridays for Future school strike.

“周五罢课救地球”。

That was an example where some real focused intention

这个运动里有很强针对性的行为

yielded amazing results.

产生了惊人的结果。

By performing a very simple activity, not going to school on Fridays,

只是进行一项非常简单的活动， 每周五罢课，

they were able to build a community,

他们就建立一个社区、

a simple ritual and a purposeful action.

一个简单的仪式以及一个有目的性的行动。

And by doing so, they built resiliency amongst themselves

并且这样做， 他们彼此之间建立了韧性，

and motivated millions of people around the world,

并激励了全球数百万人，

that change was possible.

告诉人们，改变是可能的。

Now, if we bring these three practices together,

如果我们将这三种实践

along with the intention,

与意图结合起来，

something really magical starts to happen.

奇迹就会开始发生。

This is the second special feature

宗教和灵性团体

that religious and spiritual groups bring to these practices.

给这些行动带来的第二个特点在于，

It's something that provides the ultimate grounding

它提供了一种 终极的基础、叙事和意义，

and narrative and meaning

for why community, rituals and action are important.

说明社区、仪式和行动的重要。

I call it “the big idea.”

我称之为 “大观”。

For religious and spiritual groups,

对于宗教和精神团体来说，

the big idea is often a sense of the divine, of God,

“大观”通常带有一种神圣、上帝的感觉，

or a metaphysical understanding of the world,

或者对世界形而上学的理解，

or a grand narrative of a people throughout time.

又或是一个民族在整个时期的宏伟叙事。

Whatever it is, the big idea usually has some common characteristics to it.

不管是什么， 这种“大观”通常都有一些共同的特征。

It's usually something that has existed before us

它通常是早于我们之前就存在的，

and will exist after us.

也会在我们之后一直存在的东西。

The big idea is not limited to a certain moment, time or place.

“大观”并不局限于 特定的时刻、时间或地点。

Now I'm getting some worried looks in the audience.

现在我看到大家的表情都有所担忧。

Don't worry, I'm not asking all of us to go out there and start looking for God.

别担心，我并不是要你们去开始寻找上帝。

But I am suggesting that we may benefit

我只是认为，

我们也许可以参与到 更宏观的事物中，并从中受益。

from being part of something bigger than ourselves,

and that can take many different forms.

可以有很多不同方式参与其中。

For many people I meet in the climate movement,

我在气候运动中遇到的许多人，

their big idea is being part of and connected to nature,

他们的“大观”是 成为自然的一部分并与之相连，

and appreciating the beauty of the natural world.

是能够欣赏自然世界的美丽。

But it can also be a sense of connection we feel to our ancestors

但这也可以是我们与祖先的连结，

and the responsibility we have to future generations.

以及我们对子孙后代的责任感。

It can also be a sense of wonder about the world,

它也可以是一种对世界、

space and all that exists.

太空和所有存在事物的好奇感。

Or yes, the big idea could be

或者，“大观”也可以是

a belief in something bigger than ourselves

一种超越自我存在的信念，

that we can't quite fully understand,

即使我们无法完全理解它，

but the presence of which we feel from time to time.

但我们会不时感受到它的存在。

The big idea, the intention,

宏伟的想法、意图

and these three practices, when coming together,

和这三种实践结合在一起时，

are extremely powerful

会是一种强大的力量，

and are bigger than the sum of their parts.

而且有事倍功半的效果。

For me,

对我来说，

my big idea is that the Earth is a goddess.

我的“大观”是地球，是一位女神。

In Sanskrit, she is called Bhumi.

在梵语中，她被称为 “昔弥”。

She is the life-giving source that nourishes me and all that exists.

她是生命的源泉， 滋养着我和所有存在的一切。

In order to sustain this idea,

为了保持这个想法，

I make sure I have a community of people around me

我得确保身边有一群 有相似信仰的人。

who believe similarly.

Every morning, I have a simple ritual where I offer her my worship,

每天早晨，我都会举行一个简单的仪式，

thanking her for all that she provides.

敬奉她，感恩她所提供的一切。

And I try to show up in the world with meaningful action,

我尽可能地让我的行动富有意义，

treating her with the love, respect and compassion that she deserves.

用她应得的爱、尊重和同情心对待她。

As we stand in this moment of time together,

我们在此时此刻风雨同路，

with all of the data and science before us,

所有数据和科学都摆在我们面前，

I believe we need to equip ourselves with every tool and resource possible.

我认为，我们需要为自己 配备一切可能的工具和资源。

My invitation to all of us is that we all find our big idea

我号召所有人去找到自己的“大观”，

and create communities, rituals and practices

建立社群、仪式，付出自己的行动，

with renewed intention and purpose.

赋予它们新兴的意图和目的。

This framework not only has the potential

这个框架不仅有可能

to help us build resiliency and momentum,

帮助我们建立韧性，保持动力，

but it can profoundly transform the world.

而且可以深刻地改变世界。

It has worked for people and communities for thousands of years,

过去的几千年来， 它为人们和社区提供了解决办法，

and perhaps it could work for us now.

也许，也可以成为我们的解题思路。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Cheers and applause)

（欢呼和掌声）