Jim Hagemann Snabe: Dreams and details for a decarbonized future | TED Countdown

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2022-02-22 ใƒป TED


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Jim Hagemann Snabe: Dreams and details for a decarbonized future | TED Countdown

30,498 views ใƒป 2022-02-22

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Ryu Jin Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:08
A few months ago,
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์— ์ œ ๋”ธ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
my daughter asked me a very simple question:
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00:13
โ€œWho are your heroes, dad?โ€
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โ€œ์•„๋น ์˜ ์˜์›…์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ˆ์š”?โ€
00:16
I said, "Well, besides my father ..."
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โ€œ๊ธ€์Ž„, ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š”...โ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ผ๋ฒ„๋ฌด๋ ธ์ฃ .
00:18
hoping she would get the hint.
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๋”ธ์ด ๋ˆˆ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฑ„๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
00:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:22
One of my big heroes is Malcom McLean.
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์ œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜์›… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ถ„์€ ๋ง์ฝค ๋งฅ๋ฆฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
I realize that Malcom McLean is not really known on social media today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
1955๋…„์— ๋งฅ๋ฆฐ์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พผ ๊ธˆ์† ์ƒ์ž ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
but, in 1955, McLean invented a metal box that changed the world:
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00:39
the shipping container.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ˆ˜์†ก์šฉ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
That invention reduced the costs of shipping cargo
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์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…์€ ์„ ๋ฐ• ์šด์†ก ๋น„์šฉ์„ 90% ์ด์ƒ ์ค„์˜€๊ณ 
00:46
by more than 90 percent,
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00:48
and as a consequence ...
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์€ 200๋ฐฐ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ
00:51
global trade increased 200 times
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00:53
and lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty
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์ˆ˜์–ต ๋ช…์„ ๊ฐ€๋‚œ์—์„œ ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
by connecting them and their goods to global markets
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๊ตญ์ œ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ
01:00
at very, very low cost.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:03
I'm sure McLean's invention started with a big dream
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์ €๋Š” ๋งฅ๋ฆฐ์ด ์šด์†ก์—…์„ ํ˜์‹ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ํฐ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:06
to transform the transportation industry,
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๋ฐœ๋ช…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
and I know it took a lot of attention to details
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์˜€์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
to change all of the equipment
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šด์†ก ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ „๋ถ€ ๊ต์ฒดํ•ด์„œ
01:16
of all of the transportation companies worldwide
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01:19
to benefit from this container.
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์ด ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
To me, that is what leadership is all about.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ๋‹๋Š” ๊ฟˆ๊ณผ
01:27
Dreams that inspire people to pursue opportunities that may seem impossible --
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01:33
and details.
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์„ธ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Because without attention to the details,
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
01:37
the dream will just stay a dream.
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๊ฟˆ์€ ๊ทธ์ € ๊ฟˆ์— ๊ทธ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
McLean's dream was to transform the cargo transportation industry
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๋งฅ๋ฆฐ์˜ ๊ฟˆ์€ ํ™”๋ฌผ ์šด์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์ด
ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์šฉ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
by making it affordable.
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01:48
It is time to transform it again.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
We urgently need to make it sustainable.
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ํ™”๋ฌผ ์šด์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 9% ์ด์ƒ์ด
01:56
More than 9 percent of CO2 emissions globally
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๊ตญ์ œ ์ƒํ’ˆ ์šด์†ก ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
come from transporting goods around the world.
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02:03
So what is the dream?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๊ฟˆ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:06
In 2018, the management team of A.P. Moller - Maersk,
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2018๋…„์— A. P. ๋ชฐ๋Ÿฌ-๋จธ์Šคํฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์€,
์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ํ•ด์šด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
02:11
the global shipping company I lead as a chairman,
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02:14
made a commitment to make the company carbon-neutral by 2050.
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2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
For some people, 2050 sounded like a long time into the future,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒ 2050๋…„์ด ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:24
but in fact,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ•ด์šด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์•ผ์‹ฌ์ฐฌ ๊ฟˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:26
this was a very ambitious dream for a shipping company.
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02:30
To be carbon-neutral by 2050,
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2050๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
02:32
we needed to invent a zero-carbon container vessel
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์—†๋Š” ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ 2030๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
by 2030.
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02:38
Because then, it would take roughly 20 years
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์ €ํฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ• 750์ฒ™์„
02:40
to replace all of the 750 vessels that we operate.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๋žต 20๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
So the dream was truly big and really inspiring.
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์ •๋ง ํฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ธ ๊ฟˆ์ด์ฃ .
02:51
But to be honest,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†”์งํžˆ
02:53
in 2018, we did not know how to do this.
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2018๋…„์—๋Š” ์ด ๊ฟˆ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
We had to work hard on the details.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๊ณต์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:02
Now at that time, we had already focused a lot of attention
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์šด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ
03:05
on reducing CO2 emissions from shipping.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
In fact, we had achieved more than 40 percent reduction
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋‹น ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„
03:11
per container moved
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03:12
since 2008.
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2008๋…„ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ 40% ์ด์ƒ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
That was done by building bigger and more efficient vessels,
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๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
03:19
and by slow steaming,
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์šดํ–‰ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:21
which means sailing the vessel slower so it consumes less fuel.
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์„ ๋ฐ•์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋œ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:27
But we were reaching the limit.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ณ„์— ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์„œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Obviously, you could sail so slow that you don't sail at all,
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๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์˜ˆ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด
03:34
and you would save all of the CO2 emissions.
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์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:37
But that didn't seem like a good solution.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ข‹์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ… ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
03:40
Now some of the first humans who sailed the big oceans,
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๋„“์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘์—๋Š”
03:45
the people from Polynesia,
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ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:47
had figured out zero-carbon shipping by using sails,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์—†๋Š” ํ•ญํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
and it is true that sails can reduce the fuel consumption somewhat,
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๋›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์–ด๋А ์ •๋„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
03:56
but it cannot deliver on the efficiency
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜์†ก๋ง์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ
03:58
and accuracy needed in today's global supply chains.
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ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์ง„ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
Another alternative is batteries.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์€ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
But for the large vessels sailing the big oceans,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์–‘์„ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์„ ๋ฐ•์—์„œ๋Š”
๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 60%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
the batteries would take up 60 percent of the capacity of the vessel.
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04:14
Some shipping companies started ordering vessels based on LNG,
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์–ด๋–ค ์šด์†ก ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” LNG๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
์•กํ™” ์ฒœ์—ฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
liquid natural gas.
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04:21
LNG is a fossil fuel,
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LNG๋Š” ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์ด๊ณ 
04:24
and it will never lead to zero-carbon shipping.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์—†๋Š” ์šด์†ก์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ .
์ €์† ์šดํ–‰, ๋›, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, LNG...
04:28
Slow steaming, sails, batteries, LNG --
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04:31
none of it would make us be carbon-neutral.
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์–ด๋А ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
So what else?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:37
Well, we knew we had to look for other solutions,
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04:41
and we realized we couldn't do it alone.
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ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
04:45
To help us find a solution,
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ํ•ด๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €ํฌ ๋Œ€์ฃผ์ฃผ์ธ A.P.๋ชฐ๋Ÿฌ ์žฌ๋‹จ์ด
04:46
our main shareholder, the A.P. Moller Foundation,
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04:50
donated 400 million Danish krone
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๋ด๋งˆํฌํ™” 4์–ต ํฌ๋กœ๋„ค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:52
to create a global center for zero-carbon shipping in Copenhagen.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์—†๋Š” ์šด์†ก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฝ”ํŽœํ•˜๊ฒ์— ์„ค๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
That center would bring together companies and specialists
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์ด ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ชจ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
from all over the world, not just from the transportation industry,
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์ˆ˜์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:06
but also from energy, from chemicals and engineering.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ํ™”ํ•™, ๊ณตํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„์š”.
05:11
And now, less than three years after our big dream,
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ํฐ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๊พผ ์ง€ 3๋…„์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ
05:16
we have found the solution.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
โ€˜ํŒŒ์›Œ ํˆฌ ์—‘์Šคโ€™(P2X)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
05:19
It is called "power-to-X."
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05:21
Now power-to-X is not a new technology, nor did we invent it.
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P2X๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
It is a combination of known chemical processes
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์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต์ •์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ
05:29
to convert green electricity to green fuel.
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
First, you convert the green electricity from solar or wind to green hydrogen.
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์šฐ์„  ํƒœ์–‘, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
That is done through electrolysis.
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์ „๊ธฐ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
And then, the green hydrogen
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋Š”
05:44
can be converted to various types of green fuels
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
through chemical processes.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:50
The benefit of power-to-X
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P2X์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€
05:53
is that it produces a green fuel that is liquid at normal temperature
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์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋Š”
๋ณดํ†ต ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์—ฌ์„œ ๋‚ด์—ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์ฃ .
05:58
and can be used in a combustion engine.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ• 750์ฒ™์„ ์ „๋ถ€ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ 
06:02
So instead of spending 20 years to replace all of our 750 vessels
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06:07
and create a big pile of waste,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋”๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
06:09
we believe we can retrofit existing vessels
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๊ธฐ์กด ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ ๊ฐœ์กฐํ•ด์„œ
06:13
by adding a combustion engine designed for green fuel,
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ๋‚ด์—ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
and with that, achieve zero-carbon shipping
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ ์—†๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†ก์„
06:21
much, much earlier.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
06:31
On top of that, power-to-X is actually a very nice solution
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค P2X๋Š”
์žฌ์ƒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
for one of the biggest problems in renewable energy systems:
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06:38
the storage problem.
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์ €์žฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
When there's too much wind and sun,
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ํ’๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋‚จ์•„๋Œ ๋•Œ
06:42
you can convert the unused electricity to a liquid green fuel
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•ก์ฒด ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“์œผ๋ฉด
06:46
that can be used in many different industries.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:50
So what are the challenges?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚จ์€ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:54
Well, I often hear the same concern when it comes to sustainability.
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์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
"Can we afford it?"
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โ€œ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?โ€œ
07:02
And yes, it is true that this green fuel
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๋„ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ™์ปค์œ ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋น„์‹ผ ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
07:04
is more expensive than the bunker fuel we use today.
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07:07
In fact, it is two to three times more expensive
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘์„ธ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋น„์Œ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
with current technology.
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07:13
Like always, we need to scale these solutions
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
to get the cost down.
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07:19
But even if the green fuel
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€
07:21
would be two times more expensive than the bunker fuel ...
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๋ฒ™์ปค์œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋น„์‹ธ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋„
07:26
It should not be a showstopper, come on.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฟˆ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
Even at that price, a pair of sneakers,
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๋น„์šฉ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋”๋ผ๋„ ์šด๋™ํ™” ํ•œ ์ผค๋ ˆ๋ฅผ
07:33
transported from Asia to the US or Europe,
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์•„์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์€
07:37
would only cost five cents more.
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๊ฒจ์šฐ 5์„ผํŠธ ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
So for me,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ๋–„
07:43
the argument around affordability is just a bad excuse
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณผ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์–ด์„คํ”ˆ ๋ณ€๋ช…์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
for not making the necessary decisions and investments.
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07:51
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
07:58
And if we had a price on CO2,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งค๊ฒจ์„œ
08:01
let's say around 150 dollars,
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150๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ฏค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:04
the affordability argument would disappear.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
I urge governments to show leadership
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ
08:11
and implement a global price on CO2 now.
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๊ตญ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ์— ๋‹น์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งค๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
08:22
Because with that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:23
we could focus all of our attention on the real issue,
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์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
which is not the price, but the scale.
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๋น„์šฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
At Maersk, I asked the following question:
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๋จธ์Šคํฌ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
"How much green electricity do we need to fuel all of our 750 vessels
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โ€œ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ๋ฐ• 750์ฒ™ ์ „๋ถ€์— ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?โ€
08:40
with green fuel?"
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08:42
Our fleet today consumes 10 million tonnes of bunker oil.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ €ํฌ ์„ ๋‹จ์€ ๋ฒ™์ปค์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฒœ๋งŒ ํ†ค ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
To replace that with green fuel,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
08:50
we estimate that we need 220,000 gigawatt-hours
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 22๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์™€ํŠธ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
of green electricity.
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08:56
That is the equivalent of 10 percent
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์ด๋Š” 2019๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ
08:59
of the installed base of solar and wind in 2019.
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ํ’๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์„ค๋น„์˜ 10% ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
And Maersk is 20 percent of the cargo shipping industry.
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๋จธ์Šคํฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ํ™”๋ฌผ ์šด์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ 20%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ™”๋ฌผ ์šด์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
09:09
So to fuel the cargo shipping industry alone
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09:12
would consume 50 percent of the entire installed base of green electricity.
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์ „์ฒด ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ ์„ค๋น„ ์ค‘ 50%๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
And that's just cargo shipping.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™”๋ฌผ ์šด์†ก ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋งŒ์š”.
09:22
In other words,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด
09:23
we need a dramatic, exponential scale of installations
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ํƒœ์–‘, ํ’๋ ฅ, ์ˆ˜์†Œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ, ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์„ค๋น„๋ฅผ
09:28
of solar, of wind, of hydrogen production, of green fuel production,
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๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ ค์•ผ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
to solve this problem.
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09:35
We estimate that the total investment
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์ €ํฌ ์ถ”์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด ํˆฌ์ž์•ก์ด
09:38
will be in the neighborhood of two trillion dollars,
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๋Œ€๋žต 2์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šธ ํ…๋ฐ
09:41
which, granted, is a lot of money.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด์ฃ .
09:44
But actually,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค
09:45
it is the equivalent of four years of capital expenditure
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์„์œ ์™€ ๊ฐ€์Šค ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š”
09:49
in the oil and gas industry today.
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์‹œ์„ค ํˆฌ์ž 4๋…„์น˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
09:56
I predict that for the next 10 years,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑด๋Œ€, ํ–ฅํ›„ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
10:00
the demand for green fuel will be significantly higher than the supply.
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
10:07
Isn't that wonderful?
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10:09
Higher demand and supply normally means great business opportunities
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๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
for everyone who chooses to participate,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ฃ .
๋˜ํ•œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐ€์ • ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:17
and it proves one of my key assumptions in today's world:
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10:20
it has become good business to invest in sustainable solutions.
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โ€œ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€
10:26
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:30
My conclusion is very simple.
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์ œ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
We have the technologies needed to create a sustainable future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
What we need is leadership,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
leadership to get us there faster.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Œ์–ด์ค„ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
On the first of July, 2021,
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2021๋…„ 7์›” 1์ผ์—
10:46
Maersk ordered the first vessel designed for green fuel.
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๋จธ์Šคํฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
It will be delivered in 2023.
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2023๋…„์— ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
Only two months later, we ordered another eight large vessels
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๊ฒจ์šฐ 2๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์„ ๋ฐ• 8์ฒ™์„ ๋” ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๊ณ 
10:56
and made our first investments in green fuel production.
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์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ์ฒซ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
What seemed to be an impossible dream only three years ago
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๊ฒจ์šฐ 3๋…„ ์ „๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ์ผ์ด
์ด์ œ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
is becoming reality now,
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๋‹น์ดˆ ๊ณ„ํš๋ณด๋‹ค 7๋…„์ด ๋น ๋ฅด์ฃ .
11:06
seven years ahead of the original plan.
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11:09
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:15
This is a leadership moment.
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๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
It is time for us to pursue big dreams,
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ํฐ ๊ฟˆ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
even if they seem impossible.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋”๋ผ๋„์š”.
11:25
And it is time for us to collaborate around the critical details
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์ฃผ์š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
so we get to a sustainable future much, much faster.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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