Why it's so hard to talk about the N-word | Elizabeth Stordeur Pryor

116,247 views

2020-04-16 ใƒป TED


New videos

Why it's so hard to talk about the N-word | Elizabeth Stordeur Pryor

116,247 views ใƒป 2020-04-16

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber: Ivana Korom Reviewer: Krystian Aparta
0
0
7000
๋ฒˆ์—ญ: YoonJu Mangione ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jungmin Hwang
00:12
The minute she said it,
1
12802
2364
ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์ž๋งˆ์ž
00:15
the temperature in my classroom dropped.
2
15190
2667
๊ต์‹ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
My students are usually laser-focused on me,
3
18865
3831
์ €ํฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ์‹œ๋„ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋–ผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:22
but they shifted in their seats and looked away.
4
22720
3267
์•‰์€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์›€์ฐ”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์„ ์„ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
00:27
I'm a black woman
5
27347
1540
์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธ์ข…๊ณผ
00:28
who teaches the histories of race and US slavery.
6
28911
4102
๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
I'm aware that my social identity is always on display.
7
33831
3833
์ €์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
And my students are vulnerable too,
8
38323
1706
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:40
so I'm careful.
9
40053
1150
ํ•ญ์ƒ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
I try to anticipate what part of my lesson might go wrong.
10
41680
3732
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์„ ๋น—๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ๋†“์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
But honestly,
11
46179
1185
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์†”์งํžˆ
00:47
I didn't even see this one coming.
12
47388
2189
์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
None of my years of graduate school prepared me for what to do
13
49601
2936
๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์‹œ์ ˆ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋ ˆ ๊ต์‹ค์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ N-word(ํ‘์ธ ๋น„ํ•˜ ์šฉ์–ด)์—
00:52
when the N-word entered my classroom.
14
52561
2467
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I was in my first year of teaching
15
56025
1754
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ "N-word"๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
00:57
when the student said the N-word in my class.
16
57803
2746
์ œ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ง 1๋…„์ฐจ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
She was not calling anyone a name.
17
61541
2200
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์š•ํ•˜๋ ค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
She was bright-eyed and bushy-tailed.
18
64530
2825
์ดˆ๋กฑ์ดˆ๋กฑํ•œ ๋ˆˆ์—, ๊ณฑ์Šฌ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ฌถ๊ณ 
01:07
She came to class with her readings done,
19
67704
2333
์ฝ๊ธฐ ์ˆ™์ œ๋„ ์ž˜ ํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ 
01:10
she sat in the front row
20
70061
1770
๋Š˜ ๋งจ ์•ž์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰๋Š”
01:11
and she was always on my team.
21
71855
2428
ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋“ ๋“ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
When she said it,
22
75895
1206
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด
01:17
she was actually making a point about my lecture,
23
77125
2293
์‚ฌ์‹ค 1970๋…„๋Œ€ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋”” ์˜ํ™”์˜ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
01:19
by quoting a line from a 1970s movie, a comedy,
24
79442
4254
์ œ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€์ ํ•˜๋ ค๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
that had two racist slurs.
25
83720
1733
๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”์—” ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ๋ช…์นญ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:26
One for people of Chinese descent
26
86016
2389
์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ง๊ณผ
01:28
and the other the N-word.
27
88429
1733
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” "N-word"์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (N-word: ํ‘์ธ์„ ๋ชจ์š•ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„)
01:31
As soon as she said it, I held up my hands, said, "Whoa, whoa."
28
91143
3992
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์ €๋Š” ์†์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  "์ž ๊น๋งŒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:35
But she assured me,
29
95159
1251
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ์ €
01:36
"It's a joke from 'Blazing Saddles,'"
30
96434
2722
"'๋ถˆํƒ€๋Š” ์•ˆ์žฅ'์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋†๋‹ด์ด์—์š”" ๋ผ๋ฉฐ
01:39
and then she repeated it.
31
99180
1667
๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
This all happened 10 years ago,
32
102434
1687
10๋…„ ์ „์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”
01:44
and how I handled it haunted me for a long time.
33
104145
3266
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋„๋ก ๊ดด๋กญํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
It wasn't the first time I thought about the word
34
108180
2326
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ํ•™์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:50
in an academic setting.
35
110530
1356
์ฒ˜์Œ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
I'm a professor of US history,
36
112450
2238
์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ 
01:54
it's in a lot of the documents that I teach.
37
114712
2897
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
So I had to make a choice.
38
117633
1733
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:00
After consulting with someone I trusted,
39
120561
1905
๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚œ ํ›„์—
02:02
I decided to never say it.
40
122490
1897
์ €๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
Not even to quote it.
41
124411
1400
์ธ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋กœ์š”.
02:06
But instead to use the euphemistic phrase, "the N-word."
42
126220
3800
๋Œ€์‹  ์™„๊ณก์ ์ธ "N-word"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Even this decision was complicated.
43
131292
2266
์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฝค ๋ณต์žกํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:14
I didn't have tenure yet,
44
134366
1481
์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง ์˜๋…„ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ง๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:15
and I worried that senior colleagues
45
135871
1873
์ €๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ ๋ฐฐ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€
02:17
would think that by using the phrase I wasn't a serious scholar.
46
137768
4563
์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋œ ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ๊นŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋„ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
But saying the actual word still felt worse.
47
142776
3063
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
The incident in my classroom forced me to publicly reckon with the word.
48
146793
4507
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ทธ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
The history, the violence,
49
151674
2881
ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ํœ˜๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ํญ๋ ฅ,
02:34
but also --
50
154579
1450
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜
02:37
The history, the violence, but also any time it was hurled at me,
51
157141
4547
ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ, ํœ˜๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ํญ๋ ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ์•„์™”๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„,
02:41
spoken casually in front of me,
52
161712
1929
์ œ ์•ž์—์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๋ ‡์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์–ด์กŒ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„,
02:43
any time it rested on the tip of someone's tongue,
53
163665
3447
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋ป” ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด
02:47
it all came flooding up in that moment,
54
167136
2818
๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์•ž์— ์„  ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
02:49
right in front of my students.
55
169978
2245
ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ชฐ์•„์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
And I had no idea what to do.
56
172247
1934
์–ด์ฐŒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ฃ .
02:56
So I've come to call stories like mine points of encounter.
57
176284
4261
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ "๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
A point of encounter describes the moment you came face-to-face with the N-word.
58
182037
5047
๊บผ๋ ค์™”๋˜ "N-word"์™€ ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
If you've even been stumped or provoked by the word,
59
187712
3793
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฐ›์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
03:11
whether as the result of an awkward social situation,
60
191529
3786
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:15
an uncomfortable academic conversation,
61
195339
3127
๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ํ•™๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋ผ์–ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:18
something you heard in pop culture,
62
198490
1944
๋Œ€์ค‘ ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:20
or if you've been called the slur,
63
200458
2279
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ง๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:22
or witnessed someone getting called the slur,
64
202761
2409
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ง๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:25
you have experienced a point of encounter.
65
205194
2558
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
And depending on who you are and how that moment goes down,
66
208189
2770
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ํ˜น์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
03:30
you might have a range of responses.
67
210983
2880
๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:33
Could throw you off a little bit,
68
213887
1650
๋‹นํ™ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:35
or it could be incredibly painful and humiliating.
69
215561
3400
๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
I've had lots of these points of encounter in my life,
70
220490
3166
์ „ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ป ์‚ด๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด์™”์ง€๋งŒ
03:43
but one thing is true.
71
223680
2516
ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ์€ ํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
There's not a lot of space to talk about them.
72
226220
2784
์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:52
That day in my classroom was pretty much like all of those times
73
232424
3509
๊ทธ๋‚  ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ
03:55
I had an uninvited run-in with the N-word.
74
235957
2617
"N-word"์™€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ–ˆ๋˜ ์—ฌ๋Š ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
I froze.
75
238598
1150
์ „ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
04:00
Because the N-word is hard to talk about.
76
240547
2733
"N-word"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Part of the reason the N-word is so hard to talk about,
77
244809
3127
๊ทธํ† ๋ก ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
04:07
it's usually only discussed in one way,
78
247960
3173
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ†ต ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํ† ๋ก ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
as a figure of speech, we hear this all the time, right?
79
251157
2626
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋น„์œ ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ์š”. ๋งŽ์ด๋“ค ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์ฃ ?
04:13
It's just a word.
80
253807
1897
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ .
04:15
The burning question that cycles through social media
81
255728
3534
SNS์— ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
04:19
is who can and cannot say it.
82
259286
2040
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Black intellectual Ta-Nehisi Coates does a groundbreaking job
83
262563
3993
ํ‘์ธ ์ง€์‹์ธ์ธ ํƒ€-๋„คํžˆ์‹œ ์ฝ”์ธ ๋Š” ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
04:26
of defending the African American use of the word.
84
266580
2799
๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
On the other hand, Wendy Kaminer,
85
269403
2190
ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ, ์›ฌ๋”” ์บ๋ฏธ๋„ˆ๋ผ๋Š”
04:31
a white freedom of speech advocate,
86
271617
1936
๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด์ž ์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ž์œ  ์ง€์ง€์ž๋Š”
04:33
argues that if we don't all just come and say it,
87
273577
2580
๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ๊บผ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:36
we give the word power.
88
276181
1621
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ํž˜์„ ์‹ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
And a lot of people feel that way.
89
277826
1848
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
The Pew Center recently entered the debate.
90
280580
2817
์ตœ๊ทผ ํ“จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
In a survey called "Race in America 2019,"
91
283738
4775
"๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธ์ข… 2019"๋ผ๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ
04:48
researchers asked US adults if they thought is was OK
92
288537
3475
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์„ฑ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์ด "N-word"๋ฅผ ์จ๋„
04:52
for a white person to say the N-word.
93
292036
2509
๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ƒ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Seventy percent of all adults surveyed said "never."
94
295188
3714
์‘๋‹ต์ž ์ค‘ 70ํ”„๋กœ๋Š” "์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
And these debates are important.
95
300236
2133
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ† ๋ก ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์š”.
05:02
But they really obscure something else.
96
302712
2030
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฎ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
They keep us from getting underneath to the real conversation.
97
304766
4057
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์ฃ .
05:09
Which is that the N-word is not just a word.
98
309601
2762
"N-word"๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
It's not neatly contained in a racist past,
99
313133
4390
์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ๋งŒ๊ฐœํ•˜๋˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋งŒ ์–Œ์ „ํžˆ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋Š”
05:17
a relic of slavery.
100
317547
2077
๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋„์˜ ์œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
Fundamentally, the N-word is an idea disguised as a word:
101
321236
6277
๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ "N-word"๋Š”, ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
that black people are intellectually,
102
327537
3214
ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜
05:30
biologically
103
330775
1556
์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜
05:32
and immutably inferior to white people.
104
332355
4020
๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†์ด ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
And -- and I think this is the most important part --
105
336860
4118
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ์ผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
that that inferiority means that the injustice we suffer
106
341002
3683
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช์–ด์˜จ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ๊ณผ
05:44
and inequality we endure
107
344709
1400
๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ๋‚ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์ด
05:46
is essentially our own fault.
108
346133
1933
๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒ“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
So, yes, it is ...
109
351053
4091
๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ฃ .
06:00
Speaking of the word only as racist spew
110
360710
3423
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜
06:04
or as an obscenity in hip hop music
111
364157
3428
ํž™ํ•ฉ ์Œ์•…์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์™ธ์„ค์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
06:07
makes it sounds as if it's a disease
112
367609
3087
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์‹น๋‘‘ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
06:10
located in the American vocal cords
113
370720
2009
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ธ๊ฒƒ ๋งˆ๋ƒฅ
06:12
that can be snipped right out.
114
372753
2000
์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
It's not, and it can't.
115
375355
2833
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And I learned this from talking to my students.
116
378728
2300
์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
So next time class met,
117
381560
2992
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์—
06:24
I apologized,
118
384576
1547
์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:26
and I made an announcement.
119
386147
2793
๊ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:28
I would have a new policy.
120
388964
1734
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
06:31
Students would see the word in my PowerPoints,
121
391800
4103
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ PPT์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
06:35
in film, in essays they read,
122
395927
3007
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ๋ณด๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋‚˜ ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:38
but we would never ever say the word out loud in class.
123
398958
4809
์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž…์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Nobody ever said it again.
124
404871
1733
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
But they didn't learn much either.
125
406966
2266
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:50
Afterwards, what bothered me most
126
410427
1833
๊ทธ ํ›„์— ์ ˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ดด๋กญํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์€
06:52
was that I didn't even explain to students
127
412284
2174
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์— ๋„๋ ค์žˆ๋Š”
06:54
why, of all the vile, problematic words in American English,
128
414482
4659
๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ชน์“ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค ์ค‘์— ์™œ ์œ ๋… ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ
06:59
why this particular word had its own buffer,
129
419165
4071
"N-word"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
07:03
the surrogate phrase "the N-word."
130
423260
2267
์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Most of my students,
131
426149
2113
1990๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ํ›„์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ
07:08
many of them born in the late 1990s and afterwards,
132
428286
4104
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ €ํฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
07:12
didn't even know that the phrase "the N-word"
133
432414
2904
"N-word"๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
07:15
is a relatively new invention in American English.
134
435342
2973
๊ฝค ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ƒ๊ธด ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
When I was growing up, it didn't exist.
135
438339
2600
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
But in the late 1980s,
136
442339
3833
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ง์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
07:26
black college students, writers, intellectuals,
137
446196
3873
ํ‘์ธ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ, ๋ฌธํ•™๊ฐ€, ์ง€์‹์ธ๋“ค์ด
07:30
more and more started to talk about racist attacks against them.
138
450093
5365
์ ์  ๋” ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
But increasingly, when they told these stories,
139
457070
3142
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์—
07:40
they stopped using the word.
140
460236
2485
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Instead, they reduced it to the initial N
141
463784
2198
๋Œ€์‹  ์•ž๊ธ€์ž์ธ N์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ
07:46
and called it "the N-word."
142
466006
2091
"N-word"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:49
They felt that every time the word was uttered
143
469093
2333
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:51
it opened up old wounds, so they refused to say it.
144
471450
3111
์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋œ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
They knew their listeners would hear the actual word in their heads.
145
475101
3793
๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์›๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:59
That wasn't the point.
146
479228
1467
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์š”์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
The point was they didn't want to put the word in their own mouths
147
481394
3111
์š”์ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„, ์ž… ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ์‹ซ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
or into the air.
148
484529
1150
08:07
By doing this,
149
487045
1817
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:08
they made an entire nation start to second-guess themselves
150
488886
3133
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๋‚˜
08:12
about saying it.
151
492043
1150
ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
This was such a radical move
152
494980
3844
์ด๊ฑด ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง๋„ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:18
that people are still mad about it.
153
498848
2167
๊ฝค ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
Critics accuse those of us who use the phrase "the N-word,"
154
502617
4882
๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ "N-word"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜
08:27
or people who become outraged,
155
507523
2151
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
08:29
you know, just because the word is said,
156
509698
2166
ํ™”๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
08:31
of being overprincipled,
157
511888
2079
์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์›์น™์ฃผ์˜์ž๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:33
politically correct
158
513991
1642
์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค๋ฉฐ ๋น„ํŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
or, as I just read a couple of weeks ago in The New York Times,
159
515657
3095
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์š• ํƒ€์ž„์Šค์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ์ „์— ์ฝ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
08:38
"insufferably woke."
160
518776
1333
"๋ชป๋ง๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๊นจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š”" ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
08:40
Right?
161
520657
1356
๋งž์ฃ ?
08:42
So I bought into this a little bit too,
162
522037
2691
์ €๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋“๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
which is why the next time I taught the course
163
524752
3897
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๋•Œ
08:48
I proposed a freedom of speech debate.
164
528673
3382
์ €๋Š” ์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ž์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
The N-word in academic spaces, for or against?
165
533410
4698
ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ์˜ "N-word"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ ํ˜น์€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€?
08:59
I was certain students would be eager
166
539473
2184
์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
09:01
to debate who gets to say it and who doesn't.
167
541681
2888
์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ† ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
But they weren't.
168
545744
1150
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
09:08
Instead ...
169
548871
1150
๋Œ€์‹ ...
09:12
my students started confessing.
170
552038
2618
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‘˜์”ฉ ๊ณ ๋ฐฑ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
A white student from New Jersey talked about standing by
171
556910
4127
๋‰ด์ €์ง€ ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜จ ํ•œ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ํ•™๊ต์˜ ํ•œ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด
09:21
as a black kid at her school got bullied by this word.
172
561061
2667
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋งŒ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
She did nothing and years later still carried the guilt.
173
563752
3507
๋‹น์‹œ ์•„๋ฌด ํ–‰๋™๋„ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๋ช‡๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์ด ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
09:28
Another from Connecticut
174
568665
1991
์ฝ”๋„คํ‹ฐ์ปท ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ์€
09:31
talked about the pain of severing
175
571807
2611
๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ค‘ ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:34
a very close relationship with a family member,
176
574442
2733
์ •๋ง ์นœ๋ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜
09:37
because that family member refused to stop saying the word.
177
577199
3343
๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
One of the most memorable stories came from a very quiet black student
178
583075
4439
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ์ƒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฐ์Šค์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜จ
09:47
from South Carolina.
179
587538
1333
์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
She didn't understand all the fuss.
180
589290
2033
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์™œ ์ด๋ฆฌ ์•ผ๋‹จ๋ฒ•์„์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
She said everyone at her school said the word.
181
591755
3133
์ž์‹ ์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋˜ ํ•™๊ต์—์„  ๋„ˆ๋„๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋…”๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
09:55
She wasn't talking about kids calling each other names in the hall.
182
595969
4190
ํ•™๊ต ๋ณต๋„์—์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ์š•ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
She explained that at her school
183
600945
3942
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
10:04
when teachers and administrators
184
604911
2206
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰์ •๊ด€์ด
10:07
became frustrated with an African American student,
185
607141
3722
ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉด
10:10
they called that student the actual N-word.
186
610887
3238
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์ œ "N-word" ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
She said it didn't bother her at all.
187
615344
2467
์ž์‹ ์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ฐœ์˜์น˜ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
10:18
But then a couple of days later,
188
618264
1604
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฉฐ์น  ํ›„
10:19
she came to visit me in my office hours and wept.
189
619892
4484
๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ํ›Œ์ฉ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์— ์ฐพ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
She thought she was immune.
190
625667
1800
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋ฌด๋ŽŒ์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:28
She realized that she wasn't.
191
628238
1934
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
10:31
Over the last 10 years,
192
631508
2738
์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„๋™์•ˆ
10:34
I have literally heard hundreds of these stories
193
634270
3437
์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ น์ธต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
10:37
from all kinds of people from all ages.
194
637731
3197
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
People in their 50s remembering stories from the second grade
195
641391
3633
์ง€๊ธˆ 50๋Œ€์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 2ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ๋‚˜
10:45
and when they were six,
196
645048
1357
์—ฌ์„ฏ์‚ด ๋•Œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋“ค,
10:46
either calling people the word or being called the word,
197
646429
3271
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ €๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ ค ๋ชจ์š• ๋‹นํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋“ค,
10:49
but carrying that all these years around this word, you know.
198
649724
5095
์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
And as I listened to people talk about their points of encounter,
199
654843
4806
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
the pattern that emerged for me as a teacher that I found most upsetting
200
659673
4650
์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
11:04
is the single most fraught site
201
664347
2651
์ด ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด
11:07
for these points of encounter
202
667022
2277
๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€
11:09
is the classroom.
203
669323
1468
๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ต์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
Most US kids are going to meet the N-word in class.
204
672307
4548
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ "N-word"์™€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
One of the most assigned books in US high schools
205
677927
3801
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฝํžˆ๋Š” ์ฑ… ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
11:21
is Mark Twainโ€™s "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"
206
681752
2595
๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ "ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
in which the word appears over 200 times.
207
684371
3294
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ 200๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์ด์ฃ .
11:28
And this isn't an indictment of "Huck Finn."
208
688023
2992
ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์„ ๊ธฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
The word is in lots of US literature and history.
209
691039
3602
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ•™๊ณผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:34
It's all over African American literature.
210
694665
3325
์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธํ•™์—์„œ๋„์š”.
11:38
Yet I hear from students
211
698498
2095
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
11:40
that when the word is said during a lesson
212
700617
4421
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ํ† ๋ก ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ ์—†์ด
11:45
without discussion and context,
213
705062
3349
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
11:48
it poisons the entire classroom environment.
214
708435
3929
๊ต์‹ค ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
The trust between student and teacher is broken.
215
713006
3920
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Even so, many teachers,
216
718927
3562
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€
12:02
often with the very best of intentions,
217
722513
2585
์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์˜๋„์—์„œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
12:05
still say the N-word in class.
218
725122
2000
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ "N-word"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
They want to show and emphasize the horrors of US racism,
219
729244
5135
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ณตํฌ๋ฅผ ์ ๋‚˜๋ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:14
so they rely on it for shock value.
220
734403
2753
์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์š”๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:17
Invoking it brings into stark relief
221
737994
2881
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ถ”์•…ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ
12:20
the ugliness of our nation's past.
222
740899
2968
๋“ค์ถฐ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
But they forget
223
744391
1492
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žŠ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
12:25
the ideas are alive and well in our cultural fabric.
224
745907
4459
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™” ์†์— ๋…น์•„๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
The six-letter word is like a capsule of accumulated hurt.
225
757152
5434
์ด ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ธ€์ž์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ถ•์ ๋œ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์˜ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
Every time it is said, every time,
226
764712
2662
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์–ด์งˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค,
12:47
it releases into the atmosphere the hateful notion
227
767398
3536
ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์€ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ์˜ค์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ด
12:50
that black people are less.
228
770958
2778
๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
My black students tell me
229
775942
1206
์ €ํฌ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
12:57
that when the word is quoted or spoken in class,
230
777172
2500
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ธ์šฉ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
12:59
they feel like a giant spotlight is shining on them.
231
779696
3992
์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ŠคํฌํŠธ๋ผ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋น„์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
13:05
One of my students told me
232
785037
1322
์ œ ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€
13:06
that his classmates were like bobbleheads,
233
786359
2519
๋™๊ธ‰์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž‘๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
13:08
turning to gauge his reaction.
234
788902
2000
์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
A white student told me that in the eighth grade,
235
792874
3222
๋ฐฑ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ ํ•œ๋ช…์€ 8ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ
13:16
when they were learning "To Kill a Mockingbird"
236
796120
3865
"์•ต๋ฌด์ƒˆ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ธฐ"๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ค‘
13:20
and reading it out loud in class,
237
800668
1600
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์„œ ์ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:22
the student was stressed out
238
802292
2404
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์–ด ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—
13:24
at the idea of having to read the word,
239
804720
2961
๊ฝค ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
which the teacher insisted all students do,
240
807705
3599
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด ์ฝ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ž
13:31
that the student ended up spending most of the unit
241
811328
3787
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
13:35
hiding out in the bathroom.
242
815139
1800
ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์ง€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
This is serious.
243
817868
1587
์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Students across the country
244
819479
2386
์ „๊ตญ์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
13:41
talk about switching majors and dropping classes
245
821889
3307
"N-word"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:45
because of poor teaching around the N-word.
246
825220
2946
์ „๊ณต์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋นผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
The issue of faculty carelessly speaking the word
247
828190
4261
๊ต์ˆ˜์ง„์ด ๋ณ„ ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—†์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰๋Š” ์ผ์„
13:52
has reached such a fevered pitch,
248
832475
2380
๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ž
13:54
it's led to protests at Princeton, Emory,
249
834879
3801
ํ”„๋ฆฐ์Šคํ„ด ๋Œ€ํ•™, ์—๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™,
13:58
The New School,
250
838704
1437
๋‰ด ๋Œ€ํ•™,
14:00
Smith College, where I teach,
251
840165
2507
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค ๋Œ€ํ•™,
14:02
and Williams College,
252
842696
1771
์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„์Šค ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ
14:04
where just recently students have boycotted the entire English Department
253
844491
5983
์ด ์ด์Šˆ์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์Šˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
14:10
over it and other issues.
254
850498
2343
์˜๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ฝงํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
And these were just the cases that make the news.
255
853520
2786
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๋ณด๋„๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ฟ์ด์—์š”.
14:16
This is a crisis.
256
856948
1619
์ด๊ฑด ๋‚œ๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
And while student reaction
257
859298
1888
์–ผํ• ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
14:21
looks like an attack on freedom of speech,
258
861210
2415
์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
14:23
I promise this is an issue of teaching.
259
863649
3563
์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
My students are not afraid of materials that have the N-word in it.
260
867982
4525
์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ "N-word"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
They want to learn about James Baldwin
261
873284
2206
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ณผ๋“œ์œˆ,
14:35
and William Faulkner
262
875514
1730
์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ํŒ”์ฝ”๋„ˆ,
14:37
and about the civil rights movement.
263
877268
1960
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ถŒ์ฃผ์˜ ์šด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
In fact, their stories show
264
881204
4056
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€
14:45
that this word is a central feature of their lives as young people
265
885284
4745
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—
14:50
in the United States.
266
890053
1400
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์นจํˆฌํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
It's in the music they love.
267
892627
1857
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์—์„œ,
14:54
And in the popular culture they emulate,
268
894508
2511
๋™๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ,
14:57
the comedy they watch,
269
897043
2044
์ฆ๊ฒจ๋ณด๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์—์„œ,
14:59
it's in TV and movies
270
899111
2389
ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „๊ณผ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
15:01
and memorialized in museums.
271
901524
2214
๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—๋„ ๊ธฐ๋…๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
They hear it in locker rooms,
272
904516
1969
ํƒˆ์˜์‹ค์—์„œ๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
15:06
on Instagram,
273
906509
1792
์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ,
15:08
in the hallways at school,
274
908325
2024
ํ•™๊ต ๋ณต๋„์—์„œ,
15:10
in the chat rooms of the video games they play.
275
910373
2910
๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์ฐฝ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹ฌ์‹ฌ์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
It is all over the world they navigate.
276
913307
2683
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ฃ .
15:16
But they don't know how to think about it
277
916300
1968
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒญ๋…„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€
15:18
or even really what the word means.
278
918292
2793
ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
I didn't even really understand what the word meant
279
922351
2389
์ €๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”
15:24
until I did some research.
280
924764
1733
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชฐ๋ž์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
15:26
I was astonished to learn
281
926803
2461
์ €๋Š” ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด "N-word"๋ฅผ
15:29
that black people first incorporated the N-word into the vocabulary
282
929288
3875
์ •์น˜์  ์‹œ์œ„์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:33
as political protest,
283
933187
1984
1970๋…„๋Œ€๋‚˜ 1980๋…„๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ
15:35
not in the 1970s or 1980s
284
935195
3008
1770๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—
15:38
but as far back as the 1770s.
285
938227
2848
๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
And I wish I had more time to talk
286
941591
1805
ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด "N-word"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์˜จ ๊ธธ๊ณ  ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:43
about the long, subversive history of the black use of the N-word.
287
943420
4754
์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ๋” ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
15:48
But I will say this:
288
948625
2095
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ง์€ ๊ผญ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
Many times, my students will come up to me and say,
289
950744
3300
์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์— ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ
15:54
"I understand the virulent roots of this word, it's slavery."
290
954068
3408
"์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์•…์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๊ทผ์›์„ ์•Œ์•„์š”. ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋„์˜ˆ์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
15:58
They are only partially right.
291
958767
1933
๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋งž๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:02
This word, which existed before it became a slur,
292
962101
4333
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ชจ์š•์ ์ธ ์š•์„ค์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ
16:06
but it becomes a slur at a very distinct moment in US history,
293
966458
5469
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์•„์ฃผ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๋ชจ์š•์ ์ธ ์š•์„ค์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:11
and that's as large numbers of black people begin to become free,
294
971951
5167
๋ฐ”๋กœ 1820๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋ฏธ ๋ถ๋ถ€์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด
16:17
starting in the North in the 1820s.
295
977142
2659
๋งŽ์€ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
In other words,
296
980246
1736
๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
16:22
this word is fundamentally an assault on black freedom,
297
982006
5031
๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์ž์œ ,
16:27
black mobility,
298
987061
1492
ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ,
16:28
and black aspiration.
299
988577
2097
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ์š•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
Even now,
300
991691
1151
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋„
16:32
nothing so swiftly unleashes an N-word tirade
301
992866
4277
ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
16:37
as a black person asserting their rights
302
997167
2690
ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งŒํผ
16:39
or going where they please or prospering.
303
999881
3394
"N-word"๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
Think of the attacks on Colin Kaepernick when he kneeled.
304
1003299
3107
์ฝœ๋ฆฐ ์บํผ๋‹‰์ด ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ฟ‡์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
16:46
Or Barack Obama when he became president.
305
1006784
2800
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:50
My students want to know this history.
306
1010601
2928
์ €ํฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
But when they ask questions, they're shushed and shamed.
307
1014958
3611
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž… ๋‹ค๋ฌผ๋ผ๊ณ , ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ค„ ์•Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
17:00
By shying away from talking about the N-word,
308
1020148
3350
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ "N-word"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
17:03
we have turned this word into the ultimate taboo,
309
1023522
4809
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ข…์— ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์ด
17:08
crafting it into something so tantalizing,
310
1028355
2976
์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘์—์„œ
17:11
that for all US kids,
311
1031355
2079
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
17:13
no matter their racial background,
312
1033458
3048
๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
17:16
part of their coming of age is figuring out
313
1036530
2023
์ตœ๊ณ ๋กœ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ 
17:18
how to negotiate this word.
314
1038577
2071
๊ฐ์งˆ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
We treat conversations about it like sex before sex education.
315
1040672
3703
๋งˆ์น˜ ์„ฑ๊ต์œก ์ „์— ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
We're squeamish, we silence them.
316
1045375
2133
๋น„์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌต์‚ดํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
17:28
So they learn about it from misinformed friends and in whispers.
317
1048224
4230
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
I wish I could go back to the classroom that day
318
1053664
2604
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
17:36
and push through my fear
319
1056292
1828
์ €์˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๋–จ์ณ๋‚ด๊ณ 
17:38
to talk about the fact that something actually happened.
320
1058144
3425
๋ถ„๋ช… ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:41
Not just to me or to my black students.
321
1061593
2856
์ €๋‚˜ ์ œ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:44
But to all of us.
322
1064473
1429
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ์š”.
17:46
You know, I think
323
1066665
2706
์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
17:49
we're all connected by our inability to talk about this word.
324
1069395
4015
์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ œ์•ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
But what if we explored our points of encounter
325
1074276
2913
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
17:57
and did start to talk about it?
326
1077213
2067
๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
18:00
Today, I try to create the conditions in my classroom
327
1080641
3350
์š”์ฆ˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ํ„ฐ๋†“๊ณ  ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
18:04
to have open and honest conversations about it.
328
1084015
2929
์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
One of those conditions -- not saying the word.
329
1087315
3040
๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
18:10
We're able to talk about it
330
1090942
1326
๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:12
because it doesn't come into the classroom.
331
1092292
2190
๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ํ† ๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:14
Another important condition
332
1094855
1506
๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€
18:16
is I don't make my black students responsible
333
1096385
2502
์ €ํฌ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
18:18
for teaching their classmates about this.
334
1098911
2777
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ฌป์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
That is my job.
335
1101712
1309
๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
18:23
So I come prepared.
336
1103323
1397
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
18:25
I hold the conversation with a tight rein,
337
1105188
3582
๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์ฅ๊ณ 
18:28
and I'm armed with knowledge of the history.
338
1108794
3204
์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ง€์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
I always ask students the same question:
339
1112022
4206
์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
Why is talking about the N-word hard?
340
1116252
3277
N-word"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
18:40
Their answers are amazing.
341
1120165
2444
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ต์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
They're amazing.
342
1123387
1150
๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
18:46
More than anything though,
343
1126075
2261
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„
18:48
I have become deeply acquainted with my own points of encounter,
344
1128360
5429
์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฉด์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ
18:53
my personal history around this word.
345
1133813
2502
์ €์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
18:57
Because when the N-word comes to school,
346
1137419
3023
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด "N-word"๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต๋‚˜
19:00
or really anywhere,
347
1140466
2056
์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
19:02
it brings with it all of the complicated history of US racism.
348
1142546
5338
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ฃผ์˜๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋”ธ๋ ค์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
The nation's history
349
1148639
2214
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
19:10
and my own,
350
1150877
1492
์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€
19:12
right here, right now.
351
1152393
2924
์ €์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
There's no avoiding it.
352
1155730
1533
ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
19:17
(Applause)
353
1157889
2428
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7