The "Greenhouse-in-a-Box" Empowering Farmers in India | Sathya Raghu Mokkapati | TED Countdown

63,720 views

2022-03-18 ใƒป TED


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The "Greenhouse-in-a-Box" Empowering Farmers in India | Sathya Raghu Mokkapati | TED Countdown

63,720 views ใƒป 2022-03-18

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Olivia J Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:08
When we look at poor smallholder farmers across the world,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค,
00:13
and particularly in my country, India,
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ํŠนํžˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์ธ ์ธ๋„์˜ ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
00:16
we often think that what they need is access to better tools,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ๊ต์œก,
00:23
education, government support, markets and so on.
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์ •๋ถ€ ์ง€์›, ์‹œ์žฅ ๋“ฑ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:27
Yes, they need all that.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
00:29
But what they really need is a reliable and regular income
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด, ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ’ˆ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
00:35
to live with dignity.
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์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ž…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
A dependable income,
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์ผ์ •ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ž… ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:39
even if it is as small as 100 dollars a month,
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ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์— 100๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก๋„
00:43
is essential for them to stay out of poverty.
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ์ด ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ˆ์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:47
Today, their incomes are in and out of poverty,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ž…์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ์„ ๋“ค๋ฝ๋‚ ๋ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
which is extremely painful.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋„ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
00:53
Growing up in South India,
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๋‚จ์ธ๋„์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ
00:55
I could not overlook what poverty did to our farmers.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋‚œ์ด ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ์ง“์„ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:00
I was about 17 years old when one day,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง 17์‚ด์ด๋˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
I saw a farmer in my village sitting next to a farm stream
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๋˜ ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋†์žฅ ๊ฐœ์šธ๊ฐ€์— ์•‰๋”๋‹ˆ
01:08
and eating something from the ground.
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๋•…์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์›Œ ๋จน๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:11
Something did not seem right.
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๋จน์–ด์„  ์•ˆ ๋  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ์š”.
01:13
I walked up to him to see what was going on.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋†๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ
01:18
I was shocked to see him eat mud.
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์ง„ํ™์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ „ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
01:22
Mud.
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์ง„ํ™์ด์š”.
01:24
Brown, soft mud from the stream.
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์‹œ๋ƒ‡๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰์˜ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ง„ํ™์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:28
I was afraid he might die.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹จ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ณค์–ด์š”.
01:30
I yelled at him.
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01:31
"What is this stupid mud-eating business?"
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โ€œ์ง„ํ™์„ ๋จน๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ์ œ์ •์‹ ์ด์„ธ์š”?โ€
01:36
He looked at me helplessly and said,
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๊ทธ ๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋”๋‹ˆ ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:39
"I'm a farmer, my crops failed;
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โ€œ๋†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š”๋ฐ ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ค ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.โ€
01:43
my stomach doesn't know that my pocket is empty."
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โ€œ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‚ด ๋ฑƒ์† ๊ฑฐ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๋‹จ ๊ฑธ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.โ€
01:49
I walked away quite helplessly.
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์ „ ํž˜์—†์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋–ด์–ด์š”.
01:51
That night, I shared this with my grandfather.
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๊ทธ๋‚  ๋ฐค, ๊ทธ๋‚  ์ผ์„ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:54
He was a remarkable man, very clever.
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ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:57
He was a part of the Indian freedom struggle
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๋งˆํ•˜ํŠธ๋งˆ ๊ฐ„๋””์˜ ์ง€๋„ ์•„๋ž˜
01:59
under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
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์ž์œ  ํˆฌ์Ÿํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ถ„์ด์…จ๊ณ ์š”.
02:02
Unlike me, he wasn't surprised at all.
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์ €์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋†€๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์ฃ .
02:05
He knew of people who added rice starch to mud
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๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ž˜๋ ค ํ™์— ์ „๋ถ„์„ ์„ž๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:09
to calm their hunger.
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02:11
And he told me something profound.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ ๋ง์”€์„ ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:13
If you see a person walking on the road without footwear,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ฐœ ์—†์ด ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋“ 
02:17
it is important to understand the root cause:
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์‹ ๋ฐœ ์‚ด ๋ˆ์ด ์—†์–ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” โ€˜๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ด์œ โ€™๋ฅผ
02:20
that the person doesn't have enough money to probably buy the footwear.
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์•„๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹จ ์–˜๊ธฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
02:27
I finished my college,
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์ „ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:28
started working with a big company,
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
but that incident kept coming back to me.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋•Œ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋–จ์ณ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:33
Why are smallholder farmers in such abject poverty?
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์™œ ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:37
What causes them to be so desperate,
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ ˆ๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:40
and why is it that, even in 21st-century India,
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ธ๋„์—์„œ๋Š”, ์™œ ์•„์ง๋„
02:43
one farmer dies by suicide every 51 minutes?
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51๋ถ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ๋†๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‚ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
02:48
My cofounders and I spent about six months traveling across India,
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์ €์™€ ๊ณต๋™ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž๋Š” ์•ฝ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์ธ๋„ ์ „์—ญ์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
02:53
meeting hundreds of farmers to listen to them.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์˜ ๋†๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
It became clear that climate risk is the root cause
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โ€˜๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„ํ—˜โ€™์ด ๋†์—…์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ , ์‹คํ–‰ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
03:01
that causes farming to be unpredictable and unviable.
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๊ทผ๋ณธ ์›์ธ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Farmers who make reasonable money in one season
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ํ•œ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์— ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด
03:10
can fail miserably in the next.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์—๋Š” ์‹คํŒจ๋ฅผ ๋ง›๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:13
And farmers who could grow crops earlier in summers
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์ดˆ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์ž‘๋ฌผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€
03:16
no longer get to grow crops in summers.
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๋”๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Heat is so much more.
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๋”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:22
The wells are drying up,
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์šฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ง๋ผ ๊ฐ€๊ณ 
03:23
every year, there are new varieties of pests and diseases.
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๋งค๋…„, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ•ด์ถฉ๊ณผ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Farmers told us that this is all because of because of God.
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ์‹  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:31
I said, "What?"
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ด๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:32
"This is all because of God."
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โ€œ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ์‹  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์•ผ.โ€
03:34
God is the one who caused it, God is the only one who can solve it.
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โ€œ์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ, ์‹ ๋งŒ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด.โ€
03:38
God, in that context, I did not see as a sign of hope.
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๊ทธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ โ€˜์‹ โ€™์€ โ€˜ํฌ๋งโ€™์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:42
I read it as a sign of helplessness.
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โ€˜๋ฌด๋ ฅ๊ฐโ€™์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
03:46
We heard from the farmers.
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
03:49
They knew the problem,
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๋‹ค๋“ค ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:50
but they could not use these two words: "climate risk."
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โ€œ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„ํ—˜โ€œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:57
So we got together a team of engineers,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 6๊ฐœ๊ตญ์˜ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด,
04:02
scientists, designers from about six countries,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž, ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํŒ€์„ ๊พธ๋ ค
04:06
to cocreate a solution with our farmers,
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ดค์–ด์š”.
04:09
which is quite unconventional.
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์ „์— ์—†๋˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:11
And the solution is โ€œgreenhouse-in-a-box.โ€
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๊ทธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ โ€œ์ƒ์ž ์•ˆ ์˜จ์‹คโ€œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”,
04:15
We call it "Kheyti Rakshak."
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์ธ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” โ€œKheyti Rakshak.โ€œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Itโ€™s a micro-greenhouse.
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์ดˆ์†Œํ˜• ์˜จ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
04:19
It's a beautiful greenhouse
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๋†๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ž‘์ง€์—์„œ
04:21
which sits in a small portion of the farmer's land.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์˜จ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
04:23
It's easy to build, a small structure,
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์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€
04:26
covered with netting on all sides,
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์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ์–ด
04:28
which cuts off heat, prevents bugs and saves water.
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์—ด์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์˜ ์นจ์ž…์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ , ๋ฌผ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
We can't cool the entire planet in one day,
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์•„์นจ์— ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆœ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
04:38
but we definitely can create a climate for a small portion of a farmerโ€™s land
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๊ฒฝ์ž‘์ง€ ์ผ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋†์‚ฌ์ง“๊ธฐ์— ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ฅผ
04:43
to be suitable for farming.
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๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆœ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:47
From our first experiences of growing vegetables --
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์ด ์˜จ์‹ค์—์„œ ํ† ๋งˆํ† , ์–‘๋ฐฐ์ถ”, ์˜ค์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์š” ์ฑ„์†Œ๋ฅผ
04:49
staple vegetables like tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers --
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์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
04:54
we observed that greenhouses can increase yields up to seven times
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์˜จ์‹ค ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ˆ˜ํ™•๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 7๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Š˜๋ ธ๊ณ ,
04:59
and use 90 percent less water.
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90%์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:04
All this was too good to be true.
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๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜€์ฃ .
05:06
All these things are so difficult to happen,
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:09
so farmers couldn't believe it, unless they actually saw it in action.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง„ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค๋„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
05:14
So to make this happen,
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
05:15
we had to have the courage to reimagine agriculture --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:20
reimagine agriculture for smallholder farmers.
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋†์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
05:23
After all, this is not to grow tomatoes in an industrial setting in Alaska
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์‚ฐ์—… ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด์—์„œ ํ† ๋งˆํ† ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š”
05:30
in winters.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:33
It is to grow tomatoes for a smallholder farmer,
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์ด๊ฑด ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—์š”.
05:36
by a smallholder farmer, in sizzling hot Indian summers.
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๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ธ๋„์˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ํ† ๋งˆํ† ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:43
So this greenhouse had to be small enough to fit in a portion of their land,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์˜จ์‹ค์€, ๊ฒฝ์ž‘์ง€์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:46
easy enough for them to use
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
05:49
and cheap enough for them to buy.
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์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:52
One of the biggest challenges that we could overcome in the process
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋„˜์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‚ฐ์€
05:57
is financing.
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์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Thanks to our financing partners,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž ๋•๋ถ„์—
06:02
today, this greenhouse is available with financing
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋กœ
06:07
which is fast enough and cheap enough.
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์ด ์˜จ์‹ค์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
The greenhouse costs about 1,000 dollars.
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์˜จ์‹ค์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์•ฝ 1,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ
06:15
Farmers pay a down payment of about 100 dollars,
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ 100๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ณ 
06:19
and the rest is financed through a loan.
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๋Œ€์ถœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์กฐ๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:22
And this life-changing asset
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ค„ ์ด ์ž์‚ฐ์€
06:24
adds and extra 100 dollars of profit, on average, to a household,
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๋งค๋‹ฌ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋‹น, ํ‰๊ท  100๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
month on month.
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06:32
This is a good double of what they otherwise make.
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์˜จ์‹ค ์—†์ด ๋ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด์ฃ .
06:36
Marginal, five-ten percent increases in the incomes of smallholder farmers
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์†Œ๋“์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋„ ๋‚ฎ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:40
cannot move the needle forward much,
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์ˆ˜์ต์ด 5-10% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์ด
06:43
because the baseline is way too low.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆœ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
We need a significant jump in their income,
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๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ํฐ ํญ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์Šนํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:48
and that income has to be reliable and dependable.
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์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ž…์ด์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
To ensure that farmers succeed,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:54
we also provide quality seeds, nutrition,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์˜ ์”จ์•—, ๋น„๋ฃŒ, ๊ต์œก
06:58
training and advisory leveraging mobile technology.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž๊ธˆ ์ž๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
We rolled out the solution, after quite a few tests with farmers,
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์•ฝ 3๋…„ ์ „, ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์‹œํ–‰์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์„ ์ถœ์‹œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:06
about three years ago,
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07:08
and we are marching towards 2,000 farmers in this year
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์˜ฌํ•ด์—๋Š” 2์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๋†๋ฏผ๊ณผ ํ˜‘์—… ์ค‘์ธ๋ฐ
07:12
and looking at 100,000 farmers over the next five years.
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 5๋…„๊ฐ„ 10๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋†๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Hopefully, every smallholder farmer in my lifetime.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ดค์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
07:21
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
07:27
The best technologies in agriculture can reach the smallest of the farmers
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋†์—… ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋ฉด
07:32
if we do two things well:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
listen to the farmer with curiosity, empathy and compassion,
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ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ, ๊ณต๊ฐ, ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์— ๊ท€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
07:40
and keep smallholder farmers, particularly women farmers,
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ, ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์„ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๋‘๊ณ 
07:44
at the center of the design,
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์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
and build solutions.
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07:48
Then, we can cocreate mini solutions like Kheyti Rakshak,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋†๋ฏผ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์กด์—„, ํฌ๋ง, ์•ˆ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๋Š”
07:52
which bring dignity, hope and stability to the lives of the farmers.
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โ€˜Kheyti Rakshakโ€™๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:59
In this big fight against climate change,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:02
we all have to remember that we should take our smallholder farmers along;
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์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ธ์›Œ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹จ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
it is our collective responsibility.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:09
India is a home for about 100 million smallholder farmers.
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์ธ๋„๋Š” ์•ฝ 1์–ต ๋ช…์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
I dream of a day
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์ €๋Š” โ€œ์˜์„ธ ๋†๋ฏผโ€œ์ด
08:15
when "smallholder farmer" becomes synonymous with a happy farmer,
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โ€œํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋†๋ฏผโ€œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์ด ์˜ค๊ธธ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
and being forced to eat mud should never be a feature again, anywhere.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋””์„œ๋“ , ์ง„ํ™์„ ๋จน์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„  ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
(Applause and cheers)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์™€ ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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