Why All Dogs Are Good Dogs | Alexandra Horowitz | TED

67,609 views ใƒป 2023-03-31

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jiwon Mun ๊ฒ€ํ† : Hyeryung Kim
00:04
Every dog training book holds out the premise of the perfect puppy
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์‹œ์ค‘์— ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„œ๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:08
or ten ways to assure a good dog.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 10๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
But science tells us that this is all wrong.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฑด ๋‹ค ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Your dog's misbehavior is telling you one thing,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:18
and it's not that they're a bad dog.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฐœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
What it's telling you is how they experience the world
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๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€
00:24
differently from you.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
Understanding this is the key to raising a happy dog.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
So I want to make two points to clarify what misbehaviors actually are.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์งš์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
The first, misbehavior isn't misbehavior.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
It's communication.
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์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด์ง€์š”.
00:43
It's information gathering.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
It's surprise, it's excitement,
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๋†€๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์‹ ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
00:48
sometimes it's boredom.
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๊ฐ€๋” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
It's a glimpse into the stage of life they're in.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์—ฟ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
For instance, it's communication.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Barking at a guest.
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์†๋‹˜์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ง–๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:59
We call it rude, but it's not rude, they are telling you something,
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๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
โ€œSomeone is here.โ€
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โ€œ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ณณ์— ์™”์–ด.โ€
01:05
And you're encouraging that
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด
01:07
as you go right to the door,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณง์žฅ ๊ฐ€์„œ
01:09
often barking back at them in our own way.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ง–์–ด ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Congratulations, you're in conversation.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ต์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
It's information gathering.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด ์ˆ˜์ง‘์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
01:18
A dog sniffing you closely isn't impolite.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ํ‚ํ‚ ๋งก๋Š”๊ฑด ์˜ˆ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Dogs see the world through their noses.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ํ›„๊ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Up close, they are looking at you, finding out about you.
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์—์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
Their noses have the acuity to tell
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ํ›„๊ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
01:34
where you've been, what you've eaten,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€, ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€,
01:36
even if you've been secretly petting another dog.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ž‘ ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ๋†€๋‹ค์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
It's telling us about the stage of life they're in.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ์ƒ์• ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
01:44
If you have a dog who's between about six months and two years old,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด 6๊ฐœ์›”์—์„œ ๋‘ ์‚ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ผ๋ฉด
01:48
you donโ€™t have, as commonly assumed, a puppy.
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
You, my friend, have a teenager,
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ 10๋Œ€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†๊ณ ,
01:54
an adolescent in a mature 30-year-old body going through a phase.
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30๋Œ€ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๋ชธ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:00
Just like the 14-year-old boyโ€™s sometimes erratic behavior --
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์—ด๋„ค ์‚ด ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฐ˜ํ•ญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:05
distant or argumentative --
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ํ˜‘์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€์•Š๊ณ  ๋”ฐ์ง€๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
02:08
this phase in dogs is driven by hormones.
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์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Those that lead to sexual maturity also have other consequences,
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์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
like increased sensitivity to touch and less self control.
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์†๊ธธ์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž๊ธฐํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:22
Their brains are literally being rewired,
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์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ผฌ์—ฌ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
especially in areas that regulate emotions and making judgments.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ์š”.
02:30
You might see more challenges to your authority.
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์ •๋ง ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
They might alternate shying from you and clinging to you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ณ„์† ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
There might be more chewing of things.
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๋ฌผ์–ด ๋œฏ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋„ ์‹ฌํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Chewing in particular may be a way to help lower their stress hormone levels.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋œฏ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
So misbehavior isn't best described as misbehavior at all.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
The second point is this.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
What we read as dog misbehavior is really our misbehavior.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:58
It's our fault.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์ด์ฃ .
03:00
If their behavior seems wrong to us,
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์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฒ„๋ฆ‡์—†์–ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:02
it highlights that we have not conveyed to the dog what matters to us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
03:07
in a way that they can understand.
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์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Dogs are not born understanding the sometimes Byzantine rules
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์†Œํ†ต์ด๋‚˜,
03:14
of human social interaction,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์•ˆ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™,
03:15
or the rules of our home,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
03:17
or what we consider appropriate behavior.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ํƒ€๊ณ ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Dogs don't have a clue about the pronouns we give to items.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ ํ„ฑ์ด ์—†์ง€์š”.
03:24
"That's my bed, that's your bed."
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โ€œ์ €๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์นจ๋Œ€๊ณ , ์ €๊ฑด ๋„ค ์นจ๋Œ€์•ผโ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„์š”.
03:27
Or the identities we give to objects.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ •์ฒด๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
"That's a shoe, and that's a chew toy."
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โ€œ์ €๊ฑด ์‹ ๋ฐœ์ด๊ณ , ์ €๊ฑด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ด์•ผโ€ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:34
My research has actually shown
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
03:36
that even when we think they know they've done something wrong,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:40
giving the guilty look that is familiar to many dog people,
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๋ˆˆ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„,
03:44
this look isn't a sign of guilt.
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์ž˜๋ชป์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
It's a learned submissive display that they put on when we're angry
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜ผ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:52
so we don't punish them.
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ํ•™์Šต๋œ ์ˆœ์ข…์  ํ–‰๋™์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
And it's actually pretty good at that.
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์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ฃ ?
03:57
Often their seeming misbehavior is actually a poorly designed environment
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
04:02
on our part.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ ํƒ“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
You donโ€™t leave kids alone with knives,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค ๋ฐฉ์— ์นผ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋“ฏ์ด,
04:06
and we shouldnโ€™t leave dogs alone with a cheese plate.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์น˜์ฆˆ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์— ๋‘๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
If you leave a pair of your favorite shoes,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ์ผ ์•„๋ผ๋Š”,
04:13
that smell like you,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฑ„์ทจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฐœ ํ•œ ์Œ์„
04:15
in the middle of the living room as you leave the house,
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๊ฑฐ์‹ค ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ๋‹ค ๋†“๊ณ  ์™ธ์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:18
you have designed your environment
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์„
04:20
to include special you-smelling items in it.
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๊ฑฐ์‹ค์— ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด๋†“์€ ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Enrichment devices.
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ํ›„๊ฐํ’๋ถ€ํ™” ์žฅ์น˜์ธ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:26
Your dog will take to it and interact with your shoes
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋†€๊ฑฐ๊ณ 
04:28
in a way you might find objectionable.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฒ„๋ฆ‡์—†๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
04:32
In other words, it's on us.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์›์ธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Once we begin to see
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ โ€œ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™โ€œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”
04:37
that this thing we've been calling "misbehavior"
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„
04:39
can be more productively translated into what the dog is actually doing,
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:44
living among dogs changes for us.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค ์ƒํ™œ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
Misbehavior becomes an opportunity
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ด ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์€
04:51
to see into what the Austrian scientist Jakob von Uexkรผll called the umwelt --
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์˜ค์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ธ ์ œ์ด์ฝฅ ๋ณธ ์œ…์Šคํ€ผ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” โ€œํ™˜๊ฒฝโ€œ,
04:58
the worldview or the perspective of another species.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
The profound change in my own life after studying dogs
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ํ›„ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
05:07
was that it completely overthrew how I looked at my own dog.
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์ œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์‹œ์„ ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋’ค๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
Dog chasing a bike?
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ซ“์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”
05:14
It's a glimpse into their evolutionary history.
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์ด ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Descent of ancient wolves
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋Š‘๋Œ€ ํ˜ˆํ†ต๋“ค์ด
05:20
with a vestigial urge to chase quickly-moving things which could be prey.
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๋จน์ž‡๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์žก๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šต์„ฑ์ด ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Stop the bike and you stop the chase.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ฉด ์ซ“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Similarly, your dogโ€™s jumping on you and licking your face in greeting?
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ, ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์œ„์— ์˜ฌ๋ผํƒ€๊ณ  ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ํ•ฅ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ธ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€์š”?
05:36
This, too, can be traced back to their ancestry.
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์ด๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ์Šต์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
A hunting wolf returns to the pack
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์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€
05:43
to be mobbed by pack mates in greeting
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๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋“ค์ด
05:47
who would lick him or her around the face.
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์–ผ๊ตด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ํ•ฅ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
In their case, they're trying to prompt the wolf
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์„ ๋งˆ์นœ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋จน์—ˆ๋˜
05:52
to regurgitate a little bit of the food that they just hunted.
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๋จน์ž‡๊ฐ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜์‹œ์ผœ ์–ป์–ด๋จน๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
If you don't want your dog to jump, bend down to their height.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ผํƒ€๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์‹ซ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์„ธ์š”.
06:02
If you spat up a little of your sandwich, I think they'd be okay with that too.
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์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋จน๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฑ‰์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„, ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
Deeply smelling into each other's fur,
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์„œ๋กœ์˜ ํ„ธ์„ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋„,
06:09
their close smelling of us or every guest,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์— ์˜ค๋Š” ์†๋‹˜์„ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋„
06:14
itโ€™s a peek into their perceptual experience
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ํ›„๊ฐ ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ
06:18
as olfactory creatures
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช‡๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ ๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๊ฐ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด
06:20
with hundreds of millions more olfactory receptor cells in their nose than we have.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
So take them for a smell walk to exercise those noses,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ›„๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ
06:31
where they lead the way and sniff to their heart's content.
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์Œ๊ป ํ›„๊ฐ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:35
A dog's misbehavior is a chance for you to learn about this alien creature
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
that we've all become accustomed to seeing,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ๋ณด์•„์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์˜คํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
06:43
but who is misunderstood.
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06:46
When we see their communications,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์†Œํ†ต ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ž˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:48
we're able to listen.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
When we see what they perceive,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:53
we bring ourselves one step closer to dogness.
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋“ค๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
In the end, we'll wind up with better relationship with our pups.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
And isn't that what we're aiming for?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:06
Thanks.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
Whitney Pennington Rodgers: I think it's interesting how,
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ํœ˜ํŠธ๋‹ˆ ํŽ˜๋‹ํ„ด ๋กœ์ €์Šค: ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ ์˜คํ”„๋‹์ด๋‚˜ ์ €์„œ์—์„œ,
07:09
in your opening talk and really in the book as well,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ โ€˜๋ฒ„๋ฆ‡์—†๋Š”โ€™ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
07:12
the big focus is how we just don't really understand
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜คํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
07:15
what "misbehavior" in dogs is actually telling us.
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์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
What is your take on why this is something
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
07:21
that's really challenging for dog parents, if you will,
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์™œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ˆ™์ œ์ธ ๊ฑด์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
07:24
versus dog owners, for dog parents to really grasp?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”์ง€์š”?
07:27
Alexandra Horowitz: People who have had sequential dog relationships even
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์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ผ ํ˜ธ๋กœ๋น„์ธ : ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ต๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž๋ถ„๋“ค๋„
07:31
are still surprised by this, I think.
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์ด๊ฑฐ์— ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Because ...
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด...
07:36
what we see publicly of dogs
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ†ต
07:38
is usually very cooperative interactions with people, right?
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ต๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ž–์•„์š”?
07:42
The dogs you see on the street or when you go to the park
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๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ, ํ˜น์€ ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜
07:45
or when you're hiking or whatever it is,
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๋“ฑ์‚ฐํ•˜๋‹ค ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋“  ๊ฐ„์—
07:47
are dogs who are kind of cooperatively going along with a person
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์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
07:50
as though they completely understand what this is about.
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์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šฐ๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
And in some ways they do get to that point where,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
07:57
if not fully understanding what's happening all the time,
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ‚จ ์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ช…๋ น์„
08:00
they are flexible enough behaviorally
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๋‚˜๋ฆ„๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:04
to go along with what their human family asks and wants to do.
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์•Œ์•„๋“ค์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
But that doesn't happen instantly, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€์š”.
08:11
And so we feel giving this appearance of,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์˜ˆ์ „์— ํ‚ค์› ๋˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์€
08:14
or even the memory of a past dog who was so cooperative,
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๋ง์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:18
who felt like they knew your emotions
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์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
08:20
and could anticipate what you were going to do,
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณด์ง€๋งŒ
08:22
this new dog hasn't learned all that yet,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
08:25
and we feel as though that should come with them a little bit.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•œ ์–‘ ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
That should come as part of their genetic makeup.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
08:32
Their ability to become sensitive to human behavior
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์ธ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ์ธ๊ฐ„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜๋กœ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:36
and learn a lot about humans is part of their genetic makeup,
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๊ทธ์ € ์œ ์ „์  ๊ธฐ์งˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€
08:40
but not the understanding.
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์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
And so it's quite a steep curve to go from knowing dog
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ โ€˜๊ฐœโ€™๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
08:46
to knowing dog and human
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โ€˜๊ฐœ์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒโ€™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
and being like, cleanly slipping into human society.
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
08:56
WPR: Well, one thing I also really appreciate is the parallel you draw.
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WRP: ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€, ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
And I think we talked about this before,
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์ด ์ „์—๋„ ์–˜๊ธฐ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ์  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ์š”,
09:02
just the parallel you draw between being a human parent and a dog parent.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
09:05
And I'm a fairly new parent.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:07
I have an almost two-year-old human child.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‘ ์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
09:12
And just curious what sort of skills you see that parents can take
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„
09:16
from their experiences in raising a dog.
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์œก์•„์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
09:20
AH: It's interesting because people do talk about raising a dog
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AH: ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
09:23
as a kind of prelude to having a baby.
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ˆํ–‰์—ฐ์Šต์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:26
But I feel like having a baby prepared me for having a puppy, you know,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
09:31
(Laughs)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:32
kind of a long period of no sleep at night, you know,
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๋ฐค์— ์ž ์„ ์ž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
09:36
where a child is sort of learning to settle themselves over the night.
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์•„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐค ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋‚˜๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
I mean, the puppy is going to do the same thing.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
But if you view it the other way,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
09:46
the more traditional way of the puppy as prelude,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ์—ฐ์Šต์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ์˜›๋‚  ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:49
it's having a completely dependent creature, right?
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์˜์กด์ ์ธ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
Dogs can get around on their own, but by being put into a home --
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ง‘์— ๋“ค์—ฌ๋†“๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:00
I live in an apartment, but -- or a house --
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์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธด ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
10:03
they're dependent on us for all the things.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
And we kind of forget that, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์žŠ๊ณ  ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Like, we decide when they eat,
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์˜ˆ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋จน์„์ง€๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
we decide when they can go out and relieve themselves.
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์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์–ธ์ œ ์ค„์„ ํ’€์–ด์ค„์ง€๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:13
We decide when they get to exercise.
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์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐˆ์ง€ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
We decide, often it's us deciding when we want to socialize
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„,
10:18
and when we need them to be quiet.
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์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
So their entire life is structured in this human way.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์˜จ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
This is what happens to a child as well, more slowly over time,
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๋” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
because really a new parent, as you know,
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:30
has to kind of restructure their own life around the baby.
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
But the point is that the baby will eventually
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ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ ์€, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์˜†์—์„œ
10:36
be able to sit cooperatively next to you while you do your Zoom
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์ฐจ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ™”์ƒํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋™์•ˆ
10:39
and entertain herself, right?
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
But with the puppy,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”,
10:45
we're expecting basically that from a non-human
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์ธ๊ฐ„๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ
10:48
and we're also not giving them several years to learn.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ„ฐ๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•™์Šตํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
We're assuming that they're going to learn it relatively instantly
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:55
and always be cooperative, you know, and sort of, get what it's all about.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
We really don't.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
The child, at least, the satisfaction of having a child,
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์–‘์œก์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
11:03
is that they do get it, right?
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๋ณดํ†ต ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณค ํ•˜์ง€์š”?
11:05
You can eventually talk to them using a language and they can understand
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์–ธ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๊ณ 
11:09
and appreciate what you're saying and imparting in that language.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
11:12
And the dog, even the really high-excelling, word-learning dogs
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€, ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ผ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„
11:17
don't understand our language,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
and yet we're still talking to them as though they do.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ง์„ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ์ง€์š”.
11:22
That's fine with me.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ข‹๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
I love people talking to dogs and I talk to dogs.
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ €๋„ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
11:26
Just, letโ€™s not pretend that they ... understand what weโ€™re saying.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง์„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:32
WPR: This is -- great tips.
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WPR: ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
And you should know, Alexandra,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ์•„์…”์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ญ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด,
11:35
that we are getting lots and lots of questions in from our members.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ฃผ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์•„์š”.
11:38
And so I want to dive into some of those ...
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
11:42
So we have a question from TED Member Ann. They ask,
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TED ํšŒ์›์ธ ์•ค ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ฃผ์…จ๋„ค์š”.
11:46
"I'd love to know how to better manage a multi-dog household
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โ€œ3์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋‹ค๊ฒฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
11:49
across three generations: 13, eight and four years old.โ€
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๊ฐ™์ด ์ž˜ ์‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ๊ฐ 13์‚ด, 8์‚ด, 4์‚ด ์ด์—์š”.โ€
11:52
AH: Right.
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AH: ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
11:54
That's a great question
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
11:55
and congratulations on having such a large dog household.
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์šฐ์„  ๋‹ค๊ฒฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์ด์‹œ๋ผ๋‹ˆ ์ถ•ํ•˜๋“œ๋ ค์š”.
12:00
That's great fun.
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์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
12:01
I think one thing to realize, too,
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€์š”,
12:04
when we have multiple dogs
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๋™์‹œ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋„
12:05
is that these dogs are still really individuals, right?
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ฐธ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€์š”?
12:09
Everybody knows that if they have their own single dog,
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ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋„
12:12
you feel like your dog is completely special.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์ •๋ง ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์ฃ .
12:15
When you have multiple dogs,
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๋‹ค๊ฒฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„,
12:17
you still have multiple individuals
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
12:20
and they really have to be treated separately, right? ...
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Probably your 13-year-old has preferences
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13์‚ด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ทจํ–ฅ์„
12:28
that your eight-year-old doesn't share.
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8์‚ด ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง„ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Some things they'll be able to do together and cooperatively,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ™์ด ๋†€๊ณ  ํ˜‘๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:33
but I would expect as often or more often that they need to have their own time.
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๊ฐ์ž ๋‚˜๋ฆ„๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
They maybe need to have their own time with you or whoever the person is
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์™€ ๋‹จ๋‘˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ์š”.
12:42
who they're bonded to or attached in the household.
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๊ต๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
WPR: And we also have a couple of questions about language,
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
sort of what you were saying earlier,
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์•„๊นŒ ๋ง์”€ ๋‚˜๋ˆด๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
12:50
that dogs will never be able to really speak our language.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ง์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•  ํ…Œ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:56
Just a question around whether or not, how much theyโ€™re actually understanding.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฃผ์…จ๋„ค์š”.
13:00
So both TED Member Gordon and TED Member Agatha,
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๊ณ ๋“  ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์• ๊ฑฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ
13:03
they have this question
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง์˜ ํ†ค๊ณผ ์ œ์Šค์ณ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
13:04
around whether dogs understand tones and gestures,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฃผ์…จ๊ณ ์š”.
13:07
and Agatha specifically has a question
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ํŠนํžˆ ์• ๊ฑฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์€
13:10
about buttons that dogs can press to communicate in human language,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:14
whether or not those really improve communication
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์‹ค์ œ ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์œผ๋‚˜
13:16
and if dogs really even understand what those buttons mean.
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋„ค์š”.
13:21
AH: Yeah so I mean, dogs are definitely understanding
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AH: ๋„ค, ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘
13:24
a good amount of what we say, right?
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
They learn words and some dogs are extremely good at learning words
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ํŠน์ถœ๋‚œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
13:30
and we know Chaser, you know, this famous border collie
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์ฒด์ด์„œ๋ผ๋Š” ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ณด๋”์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
13:34
who learned a thousand words.
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์ด ๊ฐœ๋Š” 1,000๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
John Pilley, who worked with Chaser,
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์ฒด์ด์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์ธ ์กด ํ•„๋ฆฌ ์”จ๋Š”
13:38
spent eight hours a day, every day, working with Chaser
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ 8์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งค์ผ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฒด์ด์„œ์™€ ๋ถ™์–ด์„œ
13:42
so that she would learn eventually a thousand words,
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ด๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
and -- they were toys --
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์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
13:47
and a couple of different verbs or actions which she could take with them.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ทธ์— ๋งž๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ณ๋“ค์—ฌ ์ดํ•ด์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
13:51
It was semantically and syntactically, you know,
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ •๋ง ์ „๋ก€ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ด์ž
13:54
unprecedented for dogs and really neat, it shows their capacity.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์—์š”. ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ด์š”.
13:57
But unless you're really specifically and clearly talking to dogs
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 8์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ •๋ง ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์„œ
14:02
eight hours a day about very limited items,
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ํŠน์ • ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค๋งŒ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด
14:05
your dog is not going to pick those things up.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
There's no reason to expect they would.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
That doesn't mean that there's no communication already happening, right?
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ง์„ ๋ชป ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์†Œํ†ต์ด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ž–์•„์š”?
14:13
And I think what the button apparatuses
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ ์žฅ์น˜๋“ค์ด
14:18
that have gotten popular and have yet to be completely,
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
14:22
you know, subject to science's scrutiny, by the way,
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๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋œ ๋ฐ”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
14:24
there's no evidence that those ...
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
14:29
actually represent what the dogs are thinking
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
14:31
or are extending their communication ability.
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์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
What they are potentially doing, though,
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
14:37
is putting into a kind of language we understand
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ
14:41
something that the dog is interested in
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ ‘๋ชฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
but is already showing in some other way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
14:46
So if I'm a dog and I want to go outside, I can show you by --
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ผ๋ฉด, ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ
14:51
based on, you know, different dogs do it differently, maybe barking,
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๋ญ ๊ฐœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง–์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๊ณ ์š”.
14:54
coming over to you and trying to get your attention,
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๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๋„๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
14:58
looking at the door,
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๋ฌธ์„ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
15:00
walking over to the door, bringing a leash to you.
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๋ฌธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ค„์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋‹ค ์ค„์ง€๋„์š”.
15:02
Lots of things like that are communications.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ์†Œํ†ต์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
If instead, if as a person, I ignore all of those communications,
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋‹ค ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
15:11
but I also have a button as a dog which I could push,
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์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
15:14
which says, "I want to go outside," maybe that will get us to listen.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ธด ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
15:17
But I don't think that that's something that the dog is trying to communicate
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:21
and can't until they have the button.
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๋ฒ„ํŠผ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์†Œํ†ต ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
The best that it can do, as far as we know now,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ”์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์„ ์€
15:26
is potentially make it easier for us to understand.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
But I do think that communication is already present.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ์†Œํ†ต๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:32
They are highly, highly skilled communicators
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ™๋ จ๋œ ์†Œํ†ต ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
15:36
and they understand a lot of what we're talking about,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
but not in the kind of linguistic way that humans think is so important,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
15:43
that enables us to have this Zoom today.
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์–ธ์–ดํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ์•„๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
15:46
And I think to deny them that is not to deny them the interest in
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๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:53
or the ability to communicate.
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์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
WPR: TED Member Ginger is curious
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WPR: ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ์ง„์ € ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ๋˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฃผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
15:57
about the best and earliest age to start training a dog
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ ํ›ˆ์œกํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚˜์ด์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋„ค์š”.
15:59
and also connects to this,
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์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ,
16:01
is curious about your thoughts about electronic training collars
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๋˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ชฉ์ค„ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ–‰๋™๊ต์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
16:05
and behavioral training.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
AH: Yeah, well to start with the first part there,
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AH: ๋„ค, ์ฒซ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€์š”.
16:10
I mean, as I say, I don't explicitly train dogs,
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ๋‹จ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์„ โ€˜ํ›ˆ๋ จโ€™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
which doesn't mean I don't prepare them to be in human society
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
16:18
and to live cooperatively and happily with our family.
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
I do.
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์ €๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
16:24
For me, that started with actually socialization of the dog to other dogs,
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™”์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
other people, and lots of different types of noises
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๊ฐœ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์˜ ์†Œ์Œ, ๋Œ๋ฐœ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ์˜
16:33
and surprising things before we got the dog.
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์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
16:37
And that means in the first several weeks,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ์ƒํ›„ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ,
16:40
maybe after about four weeks of their life, from four to nine weeks,
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์ฆ‰ 4์ฃผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 9์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ€
16:43
they're in what's called a socialization period
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์‚ฌํšŒํ™” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
where they really need to be exposed to lots of types of situations
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋†“์—ฌ์ ธ ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ
16:51
that they might encounter later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋•Œ์ฃ .
16:52
And if they are then, then they become acclimated to them.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
And that is a kind of training, right?
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
16:58
It's not like training to come or training to sit,
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๊ทธ์ € โ€˜์ด๋ฆฌ์™€, ์•‰์•„โ€™ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:01
but itโ€™s training them that this is their world.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
There are airplanes flying overhead,
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์—๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ ,
17:06
there are people coming out of cars.
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์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
17:08
You'll see new dogs and people and there are cats and there are birds.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ์ƒˆ ๋“ฑ
17:12
And in that period, they react calmly and with interest and curiosity.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํžˆ, ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
If you don't expose dogs to lots of different sounds
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌํšŒํ™” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ
17:21
and people and things ... in this socialization period,
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์†Œ์Œ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:24
which usually extends till after dogs are adopted from a litter,
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์ž…์–‘ ํ›„์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ์„œ
17:30
then they might be fearful.
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๋‘๋ ค์›€์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
They have difficulty dealing with those things.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
They get very anxious, they might become aggressive to those things.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ด ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
17:38
So that type of training starts as soon as you meet them, basically.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘ ์งํ›„์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
17:42
And I think that will lead to the best solution.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
As to the second part of that, quickly, electronic collars I despise.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
17:50
There's no reason to use electronic collars
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์ €๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์ค„์„ ํ˜์˜คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ˜€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ ,
17:54
or stimulation with any dog ever,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž๊ทน์€ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
as far as I'm concerned.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”.
17:59
What it teaches is that ... they will be randomly punished.
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์ „๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์ค„์€ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ํ˜•๋ฒŒ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
You know, they have a very hard time associating that
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ•œ ํ–‰์œ„์™€
18:07
with the behavior that they just did.
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:09
And this harkens back to what I was saying in the talk,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๊นŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ
18:12
which is our concept of what a behavior is or what an object is,
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โ€œ์ด๊ฑด ๋‚ด ์‹ ๋ฐœ์ด์•ผ.โ€œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋“ฏ
18:16
โ€œthis is my shoe,โ€ right,
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ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด
18:18
like, that that somehow is going to be a meaningful
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
18:20
and important bit of knowledge for a dog
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โ€œ์ด๊ฑด ์”น์–ด์„  ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜.โ€œ๋ผ๊ณ 
18:23
to know that they shouldn't chew it.
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๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:25
Similarly, if they're just walking along in a property
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
18:28
and then something zaps them on the neck
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ํˆฌ๋ช… ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ ค์„œ
18:30
because they've hit an invisible fence, say,
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ ์••๋ฐ•์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
18:34
they might learn to avoid that whole area of the property,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—๊ฐ€์„œ๋„
18:37
they might learn to stop walking,
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๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
they might learn that the bird they saw right at that moment, coincidentally,
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๋งˆ์นจ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์ณค๋˜ ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
18:45
is something to be feared.
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์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
18:47
You know, they don't associate it with the thing we want them to,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
18:50
which is, "oh, there's a property line around your property,"
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โ€œ์•„, ์ด ์„  ๋ฐ–์€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜.โ€œ๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
18:53
or, "oh, you've just barked, so stop barking," right?
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โ€œ์ง–์œผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜โ€œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
So it's a very poor learning device
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์ •๋ง ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ํ›ˆ๋ จ ์žฅ์น˜์ด์ž
19:00
and it can also be harmful.
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๋งค์šฐ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
WPR: And we actually even have a question from TED Member Dimitris,
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WPR: ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ๋””๋ฏธํŠธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
about whether or not you can teach an old dog new tricks
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๋…ธ๊ฒฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
19:08
and really, how old is old?
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๋ช‡ ์‚ด์ด์–ด์•ผ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋…ธ๊ฒฌ์ธ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
19:11
But maybe, could you share a little bit more
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ƒํ›„ 1๋…„ ์ดํ›„์˜
19:13
about what development looks like after that first year?
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๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
19:17
We're not seeing a complete plateau, of course, but what do we see?
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ •๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—†๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
19:20
AH: Well, so most dogs, it's different by breed or mix,
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AH: ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€, ์ข…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
19:25
but most dogs will still be in adolescence till about two years old.
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๋‘ ์‚ด ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:28
So you can expect
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฉด
19:31
that they will have kind of reached their full size more or less,
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์‹ ์ฒด์  ์„ฑ์žฅ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
maybe by about a year, maybe will grow a little bit more.
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ํ•œ ์‚ด ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋” ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
But they're still kind of teenagers and they're really big,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
19:41
strong teenagers with a lot of energy.
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ํฐ ๋ชธ์ง‘๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‹ญ ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
And so in that second year of life,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ์‚ด ๋•Œ์—๋Š”
19:46
often they're still sometimes really disobedient,
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์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์„ ์•ˆ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
19:49
not cooperative and impulsive
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๋น„ํ˜‘์กฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ถฉ๋™์ ์ด์ง€์š”.
19:52
and clingy at one moment and then the next moment,
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€ ์งˆ์ฒ™๊ฑฐ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š”
19:56
like, don't want to have anything to do with you, right?
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๋‚˜๋ž‘ ์•„๋ฌด ์ƒ๊ด€๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ธ ์ฒ™ ํ•˜์ž–์•„์š”.
19:58
So that continues.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
There continue to be socialization opportunities.
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์‚ฌํšŒํ™” ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:03
I said there was a strong socialization period
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
20:06
where you want to expose them to things
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์‚ฌํšŒํ™” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด
20:08
that they might encounter later in life
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋งž๋‹ฅ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
20:10
so that they have the best interaction with them.
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์„œ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
That still is the case,
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์ข€ ๋œํ•ด์ง€๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
20:14
just to a lesser degree,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”
20:16
through their second year
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๋‘ ์‚ด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
20:18
where their brains are still changing, right?
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
Just like the adolescent brain of a human,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋‡Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
20:25
the adolescent brain of a dog is still in development until that time.
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋„ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
After that time, they're adults.
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์„ฑ๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:31
And I think here the analogy to humans is apt, right?
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์œ ์ธ์›์— ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€์š”?
20:36
They can absolutely learn new things,
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์„ฑ๊ฒฌ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
20:39
but sometimes they're slower to learn new things.
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๊ฐ€๋” ํ•™์Šต์ด ๋Š๋ฆด ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
Exposure to a new environment might take multiple stages
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
20:46
if they're a little bit fearful or a little bit anxious,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์‘ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
20:49
rather than just being able to waltz into a new environment
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๋ช‡ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๊ฑฐ์ณ
20:53
and accept it, right,
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ ์‘์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
because that's just the way the world is.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ˆœ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
So ... learning happens maybe at a much slower pace,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™์Šต์ด ์ข€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:01
but absolutely happens.
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ํ•™์Šต์ด ์•„์˜ˆ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
And learning can happen up till the end of their life, you know.
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์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•™์Šต์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
I think it was in the last few months of our dog Finnegan's life,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ก  14.5์‚ด๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜
21:12
who lived to 14.5,
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ํ”ผ๋‹ˆ๊ฑด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์•  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ
21:13
that he suddenly started really getting interested in puzzle toys,
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ํผ์ฆ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์— ๊ฝ‚ํ˜”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:18
where food is hidden under little compartments
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๊ทธ ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ๋†“๊ณ  ์ž ๊ทธ๋ฉด,
21:21
and you sort of have to turn a lever to unlock the compartment
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๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ ค์„œ ์—ด๊ณ 
21:24
and open up the compartment.
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๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:26
And he encountered that at age 14, right?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ 14์‚ด ๋•Œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๋œ ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”,
21:29
He wasn't as quick at it as he would have been as a puppy,
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€ ์‹œ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋น ๋ฅด์ง„ ์•Š์•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
21:32
but he could learn that without a problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์—†์ด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ํ•™์Šต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
He took up nose work,
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋งก๋Š” ๋†€์ด ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ
21:37
which is a kind of game of sniffing
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๋…ธ์ฆˆ์›Œํฌ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
21:40
and finding things by smell alone,
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ
21:43
when he was about seven.
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7์‚ด ์ฆˆ์Œ์— ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:45
And he took it up, you know, with alacrity.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฏผ์ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™œ๋™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
21:48
So absolutely keep stimulating them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋…ธ๊ฒฌ์ด์–ด๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:51
There is research now happening on the aging canine brain.
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๊ฐœ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‡Œ ๋…ธํ™”๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
21:56
And like the aging human brain,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š™์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด,
21:58
it needs a stimulation to continue growth versus atrophy.
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๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์ถ•๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณ„์† ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:05
WPR: It sounds like also some of the reasons
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WPR: ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ํ•™์Šต๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€
22:08
dogs maybe have been returned has to do with this misunderstanding
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜คํ•ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
22:12
about misbehavior or the things you're suggesting here
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ง์”€ ์ฃผ์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
22:15
that we just don't really understand why dogs are behaving the way they are
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ์™œ ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ด ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
22:19
and see it as perhaps an inconvenience or challenge
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์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
22:24
instead of an opportunity to interact with your dog differently, right?
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ณผ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
22:30
AH: Yeah, I mean, you say challenge,
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AH: ๋„ค, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์ฃผ์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ
22:32
it's such a great word to use, right?
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์ •๋ง ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
There's a huge amount that's challenging about asking an animal to come
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๋™๋ฌผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
22:39
and live cooperatively and neatly and tidily
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ํ˜‘์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊น”๋”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ
22:41
and with full understanding, in your home.
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์ง€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด ๋„์ „ ๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฐ์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:43
And the fact of that shouldn't be so amazing.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
22:46
But I think it's still often overlooked.
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๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:50
And yeah, in particular, adolescence, this time when,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—”
22:55
oh, you thought you taught your dog,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ
22:57
you know, the rules of the house or everything they need to know
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์ง‘์•ˆ ๊ทœ์น™์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ
23:01
for a little bit of that cooperative cohabitation to happen
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
23:05
suddenly seem out the window
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
23:07
and your dog is just running amok and being disobedient and so forth.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ณต์ข…ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
23:13
That is when most dogs are relinquished to shelters.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๋‚ด์งˆ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
The authors of a great book on adolescence called "Wildhood"
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ… โ€œ์™€์ผ๋“œํ›„๋“œโ€๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์‹  ์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
23:20
say like, essentially, you know, in that case,
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์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
23:24
with the case of dogs, often adolescence is a death sentence
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌํ˜• ์„ ๊ณ ์™€๋„ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:27
because if the dog misbehaves and the person gives up the dog,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜คํ•ดํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
23:31
then they might wind up being euthanized through no fault of their own,
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๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ˆ๋ฝ์‚ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
23:35
because simply we have too many dogs, right?
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
23:40
I think it really behooves us as a society to know
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
23:43
a little bit more of this going in, right?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:45
I don't want to de-romanticize the pleasure of living with dogs,
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๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณต์„ ํ„ํ•˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
23:49
but I want people to come in with their eyes open,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„์ „ ๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์€
23:52
realizing that these challenges are ahead and on the other side of that,
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์žฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
23:57
and even through the challenges, is that satisfying relationship
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๊ทธ ๋„์ „๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์น˜์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฒช์–ด์•ผ
24:03
that they're looking for.
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๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐ˜๋ ค์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:05
WPR: TED Member Gloria is curious if dogs perceive color.
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WPR: ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋‹˜์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:09
AH: Right, absolutely, good question, Gloria,
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AH: ๋„ค, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
24:11
because for a long time it was assumed that they did not.
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ชป ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธ์‹์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
24:15
And that was based on poor science, essentially.
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๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์ •๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:18
But they can see in colors, they have two-color vision
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ผ์›์ƒ‰์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
24:22
versus our three-color vision.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ‰์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
So we have cones for three different hues
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์ฆ‰ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰์„,
24:26
and they have cones for two different hues.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ‰๋งŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:29
So they won't distinguish clearly reds and oranges and yellows.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์€ ๋นจ๊ฐ•, ์ฃผํ™ฉ, ๋…ธ๋ž‘์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:36
And we don't know exactly what they'd look like,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
24:38
probably a little bit like adjoining colors.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ƒ‰๊น”๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:41
So for instance, if you ever go outside when it's dusk
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด, ๋…ธ์„ ์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ
24:46
and you notice that, like, the colors seem muted a little bit,
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ƒ‰๊น”๋“ค์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์”ฉ์€ ๋…ธ์„ ๋น›์— ๋ฌปํ˜€์ง€๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด์ฃ .
24:50
our guess is that that's more or less what their color vision is like.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธก๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:57
But they're perfectly able to see color.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:59
They also have great other visual abilities,
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์‹œ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋‚จ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์„œ
25:02
like, they see motion much more quickly and readily than we do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์›”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
And they see well in low light and they see well at night.
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์–ด๋‘  ์†์—์„œ๋„ ์ž˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
25:12
So their eyes are really adapted to do something a little bit different
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ผ์›์ƒ‰์„ ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋‹ค
25:17
than our three-color vision eyes are.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:21
WPR: And then TED Member Aria is curious why do our dogs smell our breath?
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WPR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์• ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์™œ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰๋Š” ์ˆจ์„ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
25:26
AH: Oh, it's great information about us.
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AH: ๋„ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
25:29
And in fact ... there are now studies using exhaled breath
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค... ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‚ ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
25:37
to ask dogs whether they can determine
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ํ์•” ํ™˜์ž์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
25:40
which exhale includes cancerous notes
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ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ํŒ๋ณ„ํ•ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
25:45
to distinguish subjects who have lung cancer
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์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
25:48
from those who do not.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:50
But there is a lot of information in your breath,
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์ •๋ง ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰๋Š” ์ˆจ์—๋Š”
25:53
not just about ...
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๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:56
what you've eaten recently,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์•„๊นŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์™ธ์—๋„
25:58
but also about your health especially, right?
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
26:01
So you know, in fact, doctors,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ์—, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
26:04
human doctors used to use smell
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”
26:07
as a diagnostic material much more
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ํ›„๊ฐ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
26:12
until about the early 20th century.
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์ง„๋‹จ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:15
And you know, the smell of a diabetic is especially sweet, for instance.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น๋‡จ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋‚ ์ˆจ์€ ๋‹จ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
And so just by smelling the breath of a patient,
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ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋‚ ์ˆจ์— ๋‹ด๊ธด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
26:25
could potentially get some more information
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ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋ณ‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ
26:27
about whatever was concerning their patient
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:30
and dogs can smell that.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
26:31
Do they know that's a diabetic? No.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น๋‡จ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ •๋ณด์ธ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
26:33
But do they know if something's different than before,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ „๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:37
you ate something different
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ํ‰์†Œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑธ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€,
26:38
or maybe you're sick, you maybe have a cold,
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์•„ํ”„๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋‹ค๋“ ์ง€
26:40
they might be more interested in your breath.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‚ ์ˆจ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:42
I always pay attention if my dog is particularly interested
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ํŠนํžˆ
26:46
in my even morning breath.
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์•„์นจ ์ž…๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์—๋„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์„๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๋”๋ผ๊ตฌ์š”.
26:49
WPR: Interesting, wow.
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WPR: ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋„ค์š”, ์™€์šฐ.
26:51
It's their way of helping out.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋„์›€๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
26:53
AH: (Laughs) Yeah. If you listen to them,
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AH: (์›ƒ์Œ) ๊ท€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด
26:55
they're probably saying something,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:57
even without the overarching knowledge of whatโ€™s behind it.
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๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋”๋ผ๋„์š”.
27:00
WPR: Well, sort of along those same lines,
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WPR: ์Œ, ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฃผ์‹  ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”.
27:03
we have an anonymous attendee who also asks
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์ต๋ช…์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
27:05
why does their dog eat their own poop?
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โ€œ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋˜ฅ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?โ€
27:08
Is this out of curiosity,
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ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”,
27:11
are they doing it to get a reaction or is there something bigger happening?
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๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ํฐ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
27:14
AH: There are lots of theories about this.
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AH: ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋ก ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
27:16
This is called coprofagia and it's not uncommon.
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โ€˜์‹๋ถ„์ฆโ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:19
So your dog is not doing something wildly abnormal.
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๋น„์ •์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
27:22
Sometimes dogs will eat feces, their own or others',
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๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ณธ์ธ์˜, ํ˜น์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ๋ฐฐ์„ค๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
27:27
because there is a nutrient deficiency in their diet.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜์–‘ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ์Šต์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:31
I mean, it is actually full of nutrients still
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋ฐฐ์„ค๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ์˜์–‘์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:34
because we and dogs pass a lot of nutrients
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ
27:38
that we just haven't digested.
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์˜์–‘์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
27:40
So there might be something deficient.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–‘์†Œ ๊ฒฐํ•์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”.
27:42
Some dogs will do it to remove evidence of their own odor.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€ ํ”์ ์„ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:47
So actually, you know, the way that dogs will pee,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์˜ค์คŒ์‹ธ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ ํ‘œ์‹œ ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
27:52
and it leaves, in an effect, leaves their odor
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๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
27:55
and they might even pee conspicuously
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๋Œ€๋†“๊ณ  ๋†๊ตฌ๋Œ€๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ฐ‘๋‘ฅ,
27:57
on a high post or tree trunk or lamppost
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ํ˜น์€ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋“ฑ์— ์†Œ๋ณ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
28:02
in order to have their odor smelled by other dogs.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
28:06
Feces, excreta can also be that information.
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๋Œ€๋ณ€๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:11
But if you, for instance,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
28:13
didn't want to leave your information in a location,
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋‚ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด,
28:16
a dog might, for whatever reason --
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋“ 
28:18
there was another dog nearby who you didnโ€™t want to have an encounter with --
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๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
28:23
they might consume their feces.
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๋˜ฅ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:25
If they'd been previously punished for pooing,
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๋Œ€๋ณ€ ํ–‰์œ„ ์ดํ›„์— ํ˜ผ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„
28:31
maybe they would eat their feces.
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๋ฐฐ์„ค๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:33
But, you know, there are lots of possibilities,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
28:35
I can't tell exactly, but I would always, always check with your vet
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ์ƒ์˜ํ•˜์‹œ์–ด
28:38
and see if there's anything that they might be missing in their diet
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‹์ƒํ™œ์— ์ด์ƒ์ด ์—†๋Š”์ง€,
28:42
that maybe they're trying to make up for themselves.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์˜์–‘์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
28:45
WPR: Well, Alexandra, you have shared so many really fascinating, helpful,
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WPR: ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ๋„์›€๋˜๋Š”
28:51
just great information with us during this conversation.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:54
And just as we're starting to wrap up here,
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์ž ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
28:57
is there one thing of the things that you've shared here
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ
29:00
that you feel like, if you take nothing else from this conversation,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฑด ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ์€
29:03
that you hope folks will be able to use in their lives
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์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ผญ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ
29:07
and their relationships with their dogs?
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์จ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
29:09
AH: I think the hardest thing for people to realize about their dog,
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AH: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ์ผ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ ์€
29:13
who is looking you in the eyes and following your gaze
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ ,
29:18
and walking by your side and such a loving companion,
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๋Š˜ ์˜†์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋™ํ–‰์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์ฃผ๋Š”
29:21
is that they exist in this parallel perceptual world of smell,
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๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„, ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”
29:25
which we donโ€™t spend a lot of time in, or even try to avoid.
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ํ›„๊ฐ์˜ ํ‰ํ–‰ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:29
And every dog who I've seen
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ์ค‘์—
29:32
who is allowed to live in that world a little bit more,
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๊ทธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ž์™€
29:35
sniff things they want to sniff,
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๊ณ ,
29:37
intentionally go out for smell walks,
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ํ›„๊ฐ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์จ์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋“ค์€
29:40
is a happier dog.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:41
And I think the people wind up more satisfied
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
29:45
in understanding what their dogs are doing as well,
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๋”์šฑ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
so take your dog for a smell walk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‚ฐ์ฑ… ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜์š”.
29:51
That's my final word.
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๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:55
[Want to support TED?]
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[TED๋ฅผ ํ›„์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?]
29:57
[Become a TED Member!]
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[TED ๋ฉค๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์„ธ์š”!]
29:59
[Learn more at ted.com/membership]
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[๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด : ted.com/membership]
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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