How are these fires burning underground? - Emma Bryce

212,799 views ใƒป 2024-12-03

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hayeon Choi ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
In 1997, a fire began in Indonesia that would rage for almost a year.
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1997๋…„, ์ธ๋„๋„ค์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 1๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋งน๋ ฌํžˆ ํƒ€์˜ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
It spanned several thousand square kilometers,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ์ œ๊ณฑํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํƒ€์˜ฌ๋ž๊ณ 
00:15
halted numerous international flights,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์„  ํ•ญ๊ณตํŽธ์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
00:17
and spread an acrid haze all the way to China.
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๋งค์บํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊นŒ์ง€ ํผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Yet, despite being one of the largest fires in recorded history,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ํ™”์žฌ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
00:23
for months at a time it burned without a flameโ€”
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ช‡๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ ์—†์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง€ํ•˜์—์„œ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
blazing on entirely underground.
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00:29
This might sound like a uniquely freaky fire, but each year,
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์•„์ฃผ ํŠน์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ดดํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:32
subterranean fires produce roughly 15% of global greenhouse gas emissionsโ€”
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๋งค๋…„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์˜จ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์•ฝ 15%๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜ ํ™”์žฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
thatโ€™s six times more than international aviation.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ํ•ญ๊ณต๋ณด๋‹ค 6 ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
And these burns are virtually unstoppable,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๋Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด
00:43
earning them the ominous title of zombie fires.
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์ข€๋น„ ํ™”์žฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ ์นญํ˜ธ๋„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋””.
00:46
So, is it possible to snuff out these bizarre blazes?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ธธ์„ ๋ง‰์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:50
And how do they even form in the first place?
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๋˜ ์• ์ดˆ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:53
A standard fire requires three ingredients: fuel, heat, and oxygen.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”์žฌ์—๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ, ์—ด, ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
Every fuel has whatโ€™s known as an ignition pointโ€”
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๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœํ™”์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:01
a temperature at which it begins to break down.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
This process, also known as pyrolysis,
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์—ด๋ถ„ํ•ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๊ธฐ์ฒด ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:06
releases gaseous compounds that mix with nearby oxygen molecules
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ๋ถ„์ž์™€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
to produce combustion.
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01:12
And itโ€™s this chemical reaction that releases large amounts of heat and light
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ
์—ด๊ณผ ๋น›์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
in the form of flames.
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01:18
But not all combustion leads to flames.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Pyrolysis leaves behind a solid material called charโ€”
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์—ด๋ถ„ํ•ด๋Š” ๋ชฉํƒ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ˜•๋ฌผ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:24
like whatโ€™s found in charcoal.
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์ˆฏ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Char contains no combustible gases but itโ€™s rich in highly flammable carbon.
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์ˆฏ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
์ธํ™”์„ฑ์ด ํฐ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
And under hot enough conditions,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋†’์œผ๋ฉด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ์™€ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
01:32
its surface reacts with the surrounding oxygen,
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01:35
creating a slow, glowing burn called smoldering.
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์Šค๋ชฐ๋”๋ง์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
Instead of flame, this process releases smoke;
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ ๋Œ€์‹  ์—ฐ๊ธฐ,
01:42
specifically, smoke full of emissions like carbon monoxide, methane,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ผ์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ, ๋ฉ”ํƒ„
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž…์ž์ƒ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
and particulate matter.
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01:49
All these factors come into play in zombie fires,
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์ข€๋น„ ํ™”์žฌ์—๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์š”์ธ์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:51
which are more scientifically known as peat fires.
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๋” ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ† ํƒ„ ํ™”์žฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ† ํƒ„์€ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค
01:55
Peat is a type of soil that forms when organic matter builds up more rapidly
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๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ถ•์ ๋  ๋•Œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์˜ ์ผ์ข…์œผ๋กœ,
01:59
than it decomposes,
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02:00
and itโ€™s typically found in regions that are very cold or very wetโ€”
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ถฅ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์Šตํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:04
two factors that can slow down decomposition.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ์ด ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
When plants shed and die in peatland,
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์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ์ฃฝ์œผ๋ฉด
02:09
the carbon they've absorbed during their lifetime gets locked inside,
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์ผ์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ํก์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ธฐ์—
02:13
making peatlands one of the planet's largest natural carbon stores.
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์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ €์žฅ๊ณ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
But just like char, that also makes this carbon-rich material extremely flammable.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชฉํƒ„๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์€ ์ธํ™”์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Historically, the moisture and cold temperatures of peatlands
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€์˜ ์Šต๊ธฐ์™€ ์ถ”์šด ๊ธฐ์˜จ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:25
made them unlikely to catch fire.
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๋ถˆ์ด ๋ถ™์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
But today, droughts caused by climate change
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด
02:30
are drying out these landscapes worldwide,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:33
and other peatlands have been drained to make way for farms.
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๋†์—… ํ„ฐ์ „์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€๋„ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Under these conditions,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:37
a fire at the surface can more easily ignite the peat below,
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์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ถˆ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒ„์— ๋ถˆ์ด ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ™์–ด์„œ
02:41
transforming it into char which will continue to smolder.
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๋ชฉํƒ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
As heat builds in the soil, it further dries the peat
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ํ† ์–‘์— ์—ด์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋ฉด ํ† ํƒ„์ด ๋”์šฑ ๊ฑด์กฐ๋˜๊ณ 
02:48
and eventually, deeper layers begin to burn.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์ธต์ด ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Peat fires are slow, creeping along at just one millimeter a minute.
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์ดํƒ„ ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„๋‹น 1mm ์†๋„๋กœ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
But what they lack in speed, they make up for in persistence.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†๋„๋งŒ ๋Š๋ฆด ๋ฟ ๋ถˆ์€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
These fires can burn for months or even years,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
03:02
all while spewing smoke full of poisonous gases.
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์œ ๋… ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
And since they show few signs of burning above ground,
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์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆํƒ€๋Š” ์ง•ํ›„๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:08
theyโ€™re incredibly difficult to track until they ignite dry surface soil,
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๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํ† ์–‘์ด ๋ถˆํƒ€๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ถ”์ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์„œ
03:12
potentially miles away from the source.
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๋ฐœ์›์ง€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋งˆ์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Zombie fires can even burn beneath snow-caked soil,
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์ข€๋น„ ํ™”์žฌ๋Š” ๋ˆˆ ๋ฎ์ธ ํ† ์–‘ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ๋„ ํƒ€์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ ,
03:18
overwintering until they spark new blazes in the spring.
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๋ด„์ด ๋˜์–ด ์ƒˆ ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์ด ํŠˆ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์›”๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„์••ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:22
So how can we fight these fires?
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03:24
Well, dousing them with water is surprisingly tricky.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋„๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์ฃ .
03:27
Water's molecules form close bonds,
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๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์ฐฉ๋˜์–ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์•„์ ธ
03:29
resulting in a high surface tension that stops it from filtering evenly
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๋ถˆํƒ€๋Š” ์ดํƒ„์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
through burning peat.
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03:35
Researchers are experimenting with ways to reduce waterโ€™s surface tension,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ
๋“์–ด์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ํ† ์–‘์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
allowing it to permeate the simmering soil.
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03:41
And some countries are trying to stop the fires before they start
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๋˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ ํ†ต์ œ๋œ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ
03:45
by running controlled burns in peatland habitats.
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ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
But many others are simply working to prevent peatland drainage,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
which keeps these landscapes wet and resilient to fires.
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๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„์„œ ์Šตํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™”์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:54
Despite accounting for only 3% of Earth's land,
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์œก์ง€์˜ 3%์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:57
peatlands hold more than a quarter of the planet's carbon.
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์ดํƒ„ ์ง€๋Œ€๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1 ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ €์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
And as climate change continues to increase the risk of extreme weather,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œ ๋‚ ์”จ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
04:04
including the droughts plaguing these landscapes,
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04:06
keeping that carbon out of the atmosphere has never been more important.
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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