12 English Word Pairs You Should Know | Irreversible Word Pairs

14,619 views ใƒป 2023-12-06

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Give and take. Safe and sound. Live and learn.
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ใ‚ฎใƒ–ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ฏใ€‚ ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใ‹ใค ๅฅๅ…จใงใ™ใ€‚ ็”Ÿๆดปใ—ใ€ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚
00:04
Push and pull. Ebb and flow.
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ๆŠผใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€‚ ๅนฒๆบ€ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏไบŒ้ …
00:07
These are called binomial pairs in English.
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ใƒšใ‚ขใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚ ไธๅฏ้€†ไบŒ้ …ใจ
00:10
They're also known as irreversible binomials.
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ใ‚‚ๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:14
I think it's much easier to call them irreversible or frozen
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ€Œไธๅฏ้€†็š„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅ‡็ตใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ
00:19
word pairs. Are they important for you to learn in English? Honestly,
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถๆ–นใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถไธŠใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ‹ ? ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
00:24
that's debatable.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
I have entire days of conversations in English where I never use
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็งใฏไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
00:30
one of these frozen word pairs,
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‡็ตใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„
00:33
so they're not necessary for basic, everyday conversation.
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใซใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:38
However, when you know them, and you're able to use them,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใ€ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใจ ใ€
00:42
you discover that they're kind of perfect.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณๅฎŒ็’งใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ค‡้›‘ใชใ“ใจใ‚„่จ€่‘‰ใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’
00:45
Sometimes you want to explain something that is complex or difficult
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:50
to put words to, and if you have the right word pair,
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ใ€‚ ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
00:55
all you need are these two simple words to say everything you want to
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜็ด”ใช ๅ˜่ชžใ ใ‘ใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ
01:00
say. In fact,
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่จ€ใ„่กจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€
01:01
I can tell you that the last example I shared ebb and flow has become an
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็ง ใŒๆ „ๆžฏ็››่กฐใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€
01:07
absolute favorite inside my Confident Women Community,
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็งใฎ ่‡ชไฟกใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃๅ†…ใง็ตถๅฏพ็š„ใชใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŠใซใชใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ€็š„ใ‚’
01:09
which is my online community for targeted learning, speaking practice,
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็ตžใฃใŸๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ็ทด็ฟ’ใ€
01:14
support, and progress in the English confidence journey.
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ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ€้€ฒๆญฉใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ็งใฎใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใงใ™ ใ€‚
01:18
So today I want to introduce you to 12 of these common word pairs.
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ใใ“ใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ 12 ๅ€‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:23
Not because they're necessary,
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใฏใชใใ€
01:25
but because they're fantastic to add to your English vocabulary.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใฎใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:29
And when you have the opportunity to use them,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใŸใจใˆใใ‚ŒใŒ่ค‡้›‘ใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€
01:33
they say everything that you want to say, even if it's complex.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:38
With this lesson today,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
01:40
I have a special bonus for you as well if you'd like to get a more in-depth
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01:45
activity to practice all 12 of these word pairs that you'll learn today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ 12 ๅ€‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใƒšใ‚ขใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฉณ็ดฐใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ“ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚’ใ”ๅธŒๆœ›ใฎๅ ดๅˆใซใ€็‰นๅˆฅใชใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นใ‚‚ใ”็”จๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
I have a PDF that you can download and I'll tell you more about that in a
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใงใใ‚‹ PDF ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ ๅพŒใปใฉ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
01:53
moment.
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ใ€‚
02:07
But first, if this is your first time here, welcome. I'm Annemare,
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ใพใšๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆใ‚ใฆๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นใฏ ใ€ใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏ
02:11
an English confidence and fluency coach.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่‡ชไฟกใจๆตๆšขใ•ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒผใƒฌใงใ™ใ€‚
02:13
Everything I do is designed to help you get the confidence you want for your
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็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€
02:18
life and work in English. If you'd love to get more free resources from me,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ‚„ไป•ไบ‹ใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ฎ็š„ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:22
including years of Confident English lessons and my
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้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใ‚‹ Confident English ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚„ใ€็งใฎ
02:27
in-depth, How to Say What You Want in English training,
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่ฉณ็ดฐใชใ€Œ ่‹ฑ่ชžใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใชใฉใ€็งใ‹ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
02:31
you can get all of that and more at my Speak Confident English website.
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็งใฎ Speak Confident English Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:35
Now before we jump right into our first word pair and that PDF activity I have
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ ๅ˜่ชžใƒšใ‚ขใจใใฎ PDF ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ“ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใซใ™ใใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
02:40
for you,
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ใ€
02:41
I want to talk about what it means for these word pairs to be irreversible
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใƒšใ‚ขใŒๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ›ใชใ„ใ€
02:46
or frozen.
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ใพใŸใฏๅ‡็ตใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‹ใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
As you may have noticed from the examples I shared at the start of the lesson,
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸไพ‹ใงใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
02:52
these word pairs are two words that are linked with a
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใพใŸใฏๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉž ใง็ตใฐใ‚ŒใŸ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Š
02:57
preposition or a conjunction,
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ใ€
02:59
and they are used together in an order that
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03:04
never changes. That's what makes them irreversible or frozen.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„้ †ๅบใงไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ›ใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ‡็ตใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:08
We always use these words in the exact order that you're going to learn them
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็งใŸใกใฏๅธธใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹้ †ๅบใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜้ †ๅบใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
03:13
today. In fact, if these pairs are reversed,
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ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’้€†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
03:18
the meaning is lost and they sound awkward.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅคฑใ‚ใ‚Œ ใ€ใŽใ“ใกใชใ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:21
You will always hear English speakers use the pair,
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่‹ฑ่ชž ่ฉฑ่€…ใŒใ“ใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€
03:25
push and pull, give and take. We don't reverse that order.
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ๆŠผใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฎใƒ– ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‚’ใ„ใคใ‚‚่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใฎ้ †ๅบใ‚’้€†ใซใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:30
So as we go through this lesson today,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’้€ฒใ‚ใ‚‹้š›ใซใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ
03:33
pay careful attention to the order of the words because that order
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้ †ๅบใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎ้ †ๅบใฏ
03:37
doesn't change. Now, at the start of this lesson,
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ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๅ†’้ ญใงใ€
03:41
I said the importance of these word pairs is debatable.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฎ้‡่ฆๆ€งใซใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑ
03:45
You don't need them for basic English conversations.
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ใซใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:49
So why am I encouraging you to learn them?
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ใงใฏใ€ใชใœ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ‚ˆใ†ๅ‹งใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
03:52
There are multiple reasons. First,
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็†็”ฑใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€
03:56
these word pairs can help you speak with precision and clarity.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใ€ ๆญฃ็ขบใ‹ใคๆ˜Ž็žญใซ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
They can help you communicate complex ideas in just two words.
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่ค‡้›‘ใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ใŸใฃใŸ 2 ่ชžใงไผใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:06
As a result, they help you avoid wordiness. Second,
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็ตๆžœใจใ—ใฆใ€ ๅ†—้•ทใ•ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€
04:11
they're wonderful to add to your overall English idiomatic library and they
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒฉใƒชๅ…จไฝ“ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑใฎ
04:16
can help you improve comprehension of English conversations.
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็†่งฃใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:21
Three, they help you become more culturally aware,
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3 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใ‚นใ‚’็†่งฃใ— ใ€ๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
04:24
understanding the nuances of the English language. Four,
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ใ€‚ 4 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€
04:28
they can help you elevate your business communication in English
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04:33
because these word pairs are often used in academic papers and business
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏ ๅญฆ่ก“่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ‚„ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นๆ–‡ๆ›ธใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
04:38
documents. And finally,
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ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
04:40
knowing these word pairs can help you understand English literature and poetry.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡ๅญฆใ‚„่ฉฉใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:46
You'll find that these word pairs are often used to create a rhythm and
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใ€ ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใ€
04:51
convey specific images or emotions.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚คใƒกใƒผใ‚ธใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:54
So although they may not be necessary for basic conversations,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชไผš่ฉฑใซใฏๅฟ…่ฆใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
04:58
they are widely used by English speakers in conversations
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่‹ฑ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆไผš่ฉฑใ‚„ๆ–‡็ซ ใงๅบƒใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:03
and in writing. Now, to simplify this lesson today,
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็ฐก็ด ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
05:07
I've divided these 12 common word pairs into three distinct
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 12 ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹
05:12
categories,
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใซๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:13
category one word pairs that describe movement and direction.
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒช 1 ใฏ ๅ‹•ใใจๆ–นๅ‘ใ‚’่กจใ™ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
05:18
Category two word pairs that describe decisions and choices,
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ 2 ใฏ ๆฑบๅฎšใจ้ธๆŠžใ‚’่กจใ™ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€
05:23
and category number three word pairs that describe life experiences
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ 3 ใฏ ไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“
05:28
and relationships. Throughout this lesson,
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ใจไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’่กจใ™ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒŽใ‚ฆใƒใ‚ฆใ‚’
05:31
I have a few pop quizzes planned to test your knowhow and at the end I'll tell
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€่ฟฝๅŠ ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’็”จใซ
05:36
you about the downloadable worksheet I have for extra practice. With that,
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ๅฏ่ƒฝใชใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
05:40
let's dive right into category one.
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ 1 ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:43
Word pairs we use to describe movement and directions.
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็งใŸใกใŒๅ‹•ใใ‚„ๆ–นๅ‘ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ข ใ€‚
05:47
This is true in both the literal and figurative sense. First,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚‚ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€
05:52
here and there,
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ใ‚ใกใ“ใกใงใ€
05:53
what this means is in different places or a
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ใพใŸใฏไธ€้€ฃใฎ
05:58
series of undefined unspecific places,
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ไธ็‰นๅฎšใฎไธ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:03
for example, let's imagine someone asks about my travel preferences.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ็งใฎๆ—…่กŒใฎๅฅฝใฟใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‹ใญใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:07
What do I like to do when I travel?
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ๆ—…่กŒไธญใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
06:09
And my response might be when I travel,
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ใใ—ใฆๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎ็งใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€
06:13
I like to go here and there.
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ใ‚ใกใ“ใกใซ่กŒใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:16
Why would I use that word pair in this sentence?
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ใชใœใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
06:20
Maybe the truth is my travel preferences change based on where I'm going
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็œŸๅฎŸใฏใ€ ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€
06:25
and the situation I'm in and who I'm traveling with.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ€ ใใ—ใฆ่ชฐใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€็งใฎๆ—…่กŒใฎๅฅฝใฟใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
All of that is far too complex to explain in just one or two sentences.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฏใ€ ใŸใฃใŸ 1 ๏ฝž 2 ๆ–‡ใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚่ค‡้›‘ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ
06:33
So instead I can say all of that with just a simple word
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ ใ‘ใงใ™ในใฆใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
06:38
pair. I like to go here and there.
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใกใ“ใกใซ่กŒใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:41
That tells someone that my preferences are different based on
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
06:46
where I'm going or what day it is,
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ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใฎๆ—ฅใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็งใฎๅฅฝใฟใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฐใ‹ใซไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
and this is the beauty of these word pairs.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฎ็พŽใ—ใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:51
I can explain something very detailed and complex
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06:56
with just these two words.
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ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ ใ‘ใงใ€้žๅธธใซ่ฉณ็ดฐใง่ค‡้›‘ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:58
The second example in this category is to and fro.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใฏ ๅพ€ๅพฉใงใ™ใ€‚
07:03
What this means is to move back and forth or to move in two
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ‰ๅพŒใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ 2 ๆ–นๅ‘ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
07:07
directions. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
07:10
Eliza walked to and fro in her living room as she thought about
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ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ถใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ก—ใธใฎๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใ‚’ ่€ƒใˆใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใƒชใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚ŠๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
07:15
moving to a new city. As you might imagine,
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ใ€‚ ใ”ๆƒณๅƒใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
07:18
this describes someone who might be pacing or walking
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ•้กŒใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ๆญฉใๅ›žใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€่กŒใฃใŸใ‚ŠๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:23
back and forth while they're trying to think through a difficult problem.
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ใ€‚
07:28
And number three, in this category ebb and flow.
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ใใ—ใฆ3็•ช็›ฎใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใซใฏ ็››่กฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
07:31
This means the natural up and down movement or change in something
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆตทใฎๆฝฎใฎๆบ€ใกๅผ•ใโ€‹โ€‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่‡ช็„ถใชไธŠไธ‹ใฎๅ‹•ใใ‚„ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
07:36
like the tides in the ocean.
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ใ€‚
07:39
I highlighted earlier that this is a favorite word pair among members in my
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎ่‡ชไฟกใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฎใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใฎ้–“ใงๅฅฝใใช่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไปฅๅ‰ใซๅผท่ชฟใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
07:43
Confident Women Community.
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ใ€‚
07:45
We first learned this word pair in the context of
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็งใŸใกใฏๆœ€ๅˆใซใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ ใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ๅ‹ๆƒ…
07:49
friendship, particularly adult friendships,
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ใ€็‰นใซ ๅคงไบบใฎๅ‹ๆƒ…ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงๅญฆใณใ€
07:53
and we used it to suggest that friendships change over time.
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ๅ‹ๆƒ…ใŒๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบๅ”†ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:58
There are periods in your life when you might be very close to someone and
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ไบบ็”Ÿใซใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใจใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชใ—ใใชใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๆœŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:03
then things change. Somebody moves another person has children,
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€็ŠถๆณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใ€ๅˆฅใฎไบบใŒๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€
08:08
lives change,
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็”ŸๆดปใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:09
and you might grow apart and maybe later in
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08:13
life you reconnect at the perfect time.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้›ขใ‚Œ้›ขใ‚Œใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไบบ็”ŸใฎๅพŒๅŠใงๅฎŒ็’งใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใงๅ†ไผšใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:16
So there's this natural up and down or back and forth movement.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่‡ช็„ถใช ไธŠไธ‹ใพใŸใฏๅ‰ๅพŒใฎๅ‹•ใใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:20
This change over time and ebb and flow describes
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ใ“ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใจๆบ€ๆฝฎใซไผดใ†ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŒ็’งใซ ่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
08:25
that perfectly.
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ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น
08:27
Here are two more example sentences that highlight that the success of a
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ใฎๆˆๅŠŸใซใฏใ€
08:32
business often ebbs and flows with challenging periods in between.
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ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชๆ™‚ๆœŸใ‚’ๆŒŸใ‚“ใง็››่กฐใŒ้ ป็นใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ 2 ใคๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ขใƒฏใƒผๆ™‚ใซใฏ
08:37
The traffic on the highway tends to ebb and flow during rush hour.
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้ซ˜้€Ÿ้“่ทฏใฎไบค้€š้‡ใŒๅข—ๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:42
Before we move on to our second category, let's do a quick pop quiz.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซ ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:47
Take a look at this sentence and I want you to think about which word pair fits
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใŒ
08:51
best. The woman rocked her baby until he fell asleep in her arms.
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฅณๆ€งใฏ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใŒ ่…•ใฎไธญใง็œ ใ‚Šใซใคใใพใงๆบใ‚Šๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‰ๅพŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
08:57
Which word pair do you think is best in this case to and fro
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ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใŒๆœ€้ฉใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
09:03
is the best choice.
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ใ€‚
09:04
That idea of going back and forth two directions. In fact,
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2ใคใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚ŠๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€
09:09
you might be visualizing someone doing this,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’ๅ‰ๅพŒใซๆบใ‚Šๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
09:12
rocking a baby to and fro. Alright, with that,
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
09:16
let's move on to category number two. Word pairs.
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ใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ 2 ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€‚
09:19
We use to describe decisions and choices. First,
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ๆฑบๅฎšใ‚„้ธๆŠžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใพใšใฏ
09:24
push and pull.
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ๆŠผใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€‚
09:26
This means to be caught or stuck between two forces or
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ 2 ใคใฎๅŠ›ใฎ้–“ใซๆŒŸใพใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Š็ซ‹ใกๅพ€็”Ÿใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
09:31
to be indecisive between two opposing options or
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2 ใคใฎ็›ธๅใ™ใ‚‹้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚„
09:36
feelings. For example,
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ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใฎ้–“ใงๅ„ชๆŸ”ไธๆ–ญใซใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
09:39
Jane felt a push and pull within herself as she
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ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒณใฏใ€
09:44
thought about whether to pursue her passion in painting or keep her
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็ตต็”ปใธใฎๆƒ…็†ฑใ‚’่ฟฝๆฑ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
09:48
staple job as an accountant.
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ไผš่จˆๅฃซใจใ—ใฆใฎๆœฌๆฅญใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไธญใงๆŠผใ—ๅผ•ใใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:51
As we can imagine with that sentence and the word pair, push and pull,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ ใจใ€ŒๆŠผใ™ใ€ใจใ€Œๅผ•ใใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๆƒณๅƒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
09:56
there's an internal conflict between these feelings and options
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใจ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฎ้–“ใซใฏๅ†…้ƒจใฎ่‘›่—คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใฎ
10:01
and from one minute to the next you are pushed and pulled in different
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็žฌ้–“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๅ‘ใซๆŠผใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใฃๅผตใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใ€
10:06
directions and all of this makes a decision or a
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ใใฎใ™ในใฆใŒๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚„้ธๆŠžใ‚’ไธ‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:11
choice more difficult. Now, before we go on to the next one,
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ๆฌกใฎ่ฉฑใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซใ€
10:14
I want to talk a little bit more about this word pair.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:18
Push and pull In the example I provided,
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ใƒ—ใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใจใƒ—ใƒซ ็งใŒๆไพ›ใ—ใŸไพ‹ใงใฏใ€
10:21
we're using it figuratively.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:23
Nothing is truly pushing you or pulling you physically.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใซ่ฟฝใ„่พผใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ€ๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:29
However, we can use this in a more literal way.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:33
I might try to open a door.
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ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:35
I might give it a little push and pull and find that it doesn't move because
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆŠผใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹•ใ‹ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
10:40
it's locked. The second one in this category is do's and don'ts.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ“ใจใ€ใจใ€Œใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
10:46
Do's and don'ts are the rules or guidelines that tell you what
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ใ™ในใใ“ใจใ€ใจใ€Œใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใŒ
10:51
is allowed and what isn't allowed. For example, in a business meeting,
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่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใ€ไฝ•ใŒ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใƒซใƒผใƒซใพใŸใฏใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นไผš่ญฐใงใ€
10:55
someone might say, before we go on to the next agenda item,
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ๆฌกใฎ่ญฐ้กŒ้ …็›ฎใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซใ€
10:59
HR would like to discuss the doss and don'ts of requesting vacation time,
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ไบบไบ‹้ƒจใŒ ไผ‘ๆš‡็”ณ่ซ‹ใฎใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใ€ใจใ€Œใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใŸใ„ใจ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:04
and by using this word pair, we simplify the sentence.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง ๆ–‡ใ‚’็ฐก็ด ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’็”ณ่ซ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ
11:09
Rather than listing all the rules or guidelines for requesting time
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ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚„ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅˆ—ๆŒ™ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ
11:14
off, we can simply refer to all of them as the do's and don'ts.
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ใ€ๅ˜ใซใ€Œใ™ในใใ“ใจใ€ใจใ€Œใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใจใ—ใฆใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:19
Next in category two is all or nothing.
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ๆฌกใซใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ 2 ใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใ‚ขใƒปใƒŠใƒƒใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
11:23
This is used to describe a situation when you have to fully commit
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
11:29
or not at all. There's no middle ground,
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ใ€‚ ไธญ้–“็‚นใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ
11:32
there's no in-between either you give everything you have or you give
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆงใ’ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
11:37
nothing. For example,
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ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆงใ’ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
11:39
in sales it's almost always all or nothing.
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่ฒฉๅฃฒใงใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใ‚ขใƒปใƒŠใƒƒใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
11:43
Either you meet your profit targets or you don't.
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ๅˆฉ็›Š็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ้”ๆˆใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:47
Here's another example.
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:50
He accepted the new job with the mindset that he needed to give
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆงใ’ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ผใƒญใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆๆ–นใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅผ•ใๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:55
all or nothing In that context,
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ใใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฏใ€
11:58
we understand that he views this job as a situation in which
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ๅฝผใŒ ใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ€ๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹
12:03
he has to give full commitment all of his energy and effort in order to
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ใŸใ‚ใซใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจๅŠชๅŠ›ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ…จๅŠ›ใงๆงใ’ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็Šถๆณใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
12:08
be successful. Again,
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ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
12:10
we're communicating something rather complex with just a simple word pair.
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็งใŸใกใฏ ๅ˜็ด”ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ ใ‘ใงใ‹ใชใ‚Š่ค‡้›‘ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:16
Similar to this idea of all or nothing is sink or
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ใ“ใฎๅ…จใ‹็„กใ‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆๆ–นใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใ€ใ€Œ ๆฒˆใ‚€ใ‹
12:20
swim.
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ๆณณใใ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:21
This is usually used to describe situations when you have to succeed
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅŠ›ใง ๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็Šถๆณใ€
12:26
on your own or situations in which you might fail without
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ใพใŸใฏๅŠฉใ‘ใŒ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅคฑๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
12:31
help. For example, when you start a new job,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
12:35
you have to adapt quickly. It's a sink or swim situation.
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ใ™ใใซ้ฉๅฟœใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฒˆใ‚€ใ‹ๆณณใใ‹ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
12:40
Let's pause here for a quick pop quiz and then we'll go into our final category.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:45
This time I have two sentences for you and I want you to choose the sentence
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ ๆ–‡ใ‚’้ธใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
12:50
that is correct.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็ซถไบ‰ใฎๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใง
12:52
The first option you're expected to either sink or swim
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฏใ€ ๆฒˆใ‚€ใ‹ๆณณใใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™
12:56
in this competitive field. Option two,
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ 2 ใงใฏใ€
13:00
you're expected to either push and pull in this competitive field.
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ใ“ใฎ็ซถไบ‰ใฎๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ๅˆ†้‡Žใงใƒ—ใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใพใŸใฏใƒ—ใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใซๆญฃ็ขบใซ้ฉๅˆใ™ใ‚‹
13:04
Which one do you think has a word pair that fits the sentence accurately?
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใฉใ‚Œใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ?
13:09
If you selected option A, you're exactly right.
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ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ A ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใพใ•ใซใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
13:13
If we think about a particularly competitive field in a job industry,
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ๅฐฑ่ทๆฅญ็•Œใฎ็‰นใซ็ซถไบ‰ใฎๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ๅˆ†้‡Žใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€
13:17
it might be a situation in which you either succeed or you fail.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๅคฑๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
13:21
There's no in-between and because they're quite similar,
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้–“ใซใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ›ใšใ€ ้žๅธธใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏ
13:26
we could also use all or nothing in this context.
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all or nothing ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:30
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใฎ็ซถไบ‰ใฎๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฏ
13:31
you're expected to go all or nothing in this competitive field
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ใ‚ชใƒผใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใ‚ขใƒปใƒŠใƒƒใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
13:37
and now category number three,
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็พๅœจใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผ็•ชๅท3ใ€
13:39
word pairs we use to describe life experiences and relationships.
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ไบบโ€‹โ€‹็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚„ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใงใ™ ใ€‚
13:44
First here and now.
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ใพใšใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใงใ€‚
13:46
What this means is in the moment or immediately, for example,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ไปŠใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ™ใใซใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
13:52
if you want to have a healthy lifestyle,
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ๅฅๅบท็š„ใชใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’้€ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
13:53
it's important to make small changes here and now.
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ไปŠใ“ใ“ใงๅฐใ•ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
13:58
This word pair is perfect when you want to emphasize the current moment,
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใ€ ็พๅœจใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€
14:03
you want to indicate there's a sense of urgency or immediacy.
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็ทŠๆ€ฅๆ€งใ‚„ๅณๆ™‚ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๆœ€้ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
14:08
Second on this list is give and take.
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ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ‚ฎใƒ– ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
14:11
If you're one of my Fluency School students,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใฎ Fluency School ใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏ
14:14
you absolutely are familiar with this word pair.
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็ตถๅฏพใซใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
14:17
You heard me use it a lot in the context of small talk and
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็งใŒไธ–้–“่ฉฑใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใŸใŒ
14:22
what is expected,
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ใ€ใ‚ฎใƒ–ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใงๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹
14:23
give and take is the understanding that in a situation,
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็Šถๆณใงใฏ
14:27
two people are going to compromise you. Give a little bit,
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ไบŒไบบใฎไบบ้–“ใŒ ๅฆฅๅ”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†็†่งฃใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŽใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
14:32
I give a little bit, you give a little bit, I give a little bit.
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็งใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŽใˆใพใ™ ใ€็งใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:35
There's this natural give and take,
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่‡ช็„ถใชใ‚ฎใƒ–ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
14:38
and this is true in a conversation. It can also be true in a negotiation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไผš่ฉฑใซใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบคๆธ‰ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:43
I'm going to give you an example of how it's also true in a relationship.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚‹ไพ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:48
A healthy friendship or a healthy relationship involves
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ๅฅๅ…จใชๅ‹ๆƒ…ใ‚„ ๅฅๅ…จใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ฎใƒ–ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒ†ใ‚คใ‚ฏใŒ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใพใ™
14:53
give and take. Number three on this list is safe and sound.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฏ ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใงใ™ใ€‚
14:58
This means that something or someone is completely
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซ
15:03
unharmed and secure. For example, after the storm,
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็„กๅ‚ทใงๅฎ‰ๅ…จใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ๅตใฎๅพŒใ€
15:07
we were relieved to find that our relatives were safe and sound in their
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็งใŸใกใฏ่ฆชๆˆšใŒๅฎถใง็„กไบ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆๅฎ‰ๅฟƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
15:12
home. Next, live and learn.
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ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€็”Ÿใใฆๅญฆใถใ“ใจใ€‚
15:15
This means to gain wisdom from both your life experiences
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“
15:20
and the mistakes that you've made. For example,
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ใจ ็Šฏใ—ใŸ้–“้•ใ„ใฎไธกๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
15:24
I made a big mistake on my project, but I'll live and learn from my errors.
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็งใฏใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใงๅคงใใช้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ็งใฏ็”Ÿใใฆ้–“้•ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚
15:30
This word pair is also often used as a response.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏ ๅฟœ็ญ”ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
15:34
When someone tells you about an error, a mistake,
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŸ ้–“้•ใ„ใ€ๅคฑๆ•—ใ€
15:38
or unfortunate decision they've made while they're telling you about it,
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ใพใŸใฏๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชๆฑบๆ–ญใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ€
15:42
you might respond with, well, you'll live and learn. In other words,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ ็”Ÿใใฆๅญฆใถใ‚“ใ ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€
15:47
you're going to gain wisdom from this life experience and the
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใฎไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใจ
15:52
mistake. And finally, our last word pair is this and that.
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้–“้•ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰็Ÿฅๆตใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏ this ใจ that ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:57
This is used to refer to a variety of things without
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใชใใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
16:02
really saying what all those things are.
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ใ€‚
16:05
If I describe what I have on my work desk, I might say, uh,
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็งใฎไป•ไบ‹ๆœบใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใ€Œ
16:09
I have a little bit of this and that I'm not listing every single item because
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใฎใง ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
16:14
maybe there's just way too many.
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ใ€‚
16:17
Another example might be something you say after going shopping with a friend,
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใฏใ€ ๅ‹้”ใจ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ่กŒใฃใŸๅพŒใ€
16:21
we looked at a little of this and that in the store,
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ๅบ—ๅ†…ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ“ใ‚Œ่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
16:25
but in the end we didn't buy anything.
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็ตๅฑ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
16:27
You'll also hear English speakers use this particular word pair to describe
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ใพใŸใ€่‹ฑ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใŒใ€็‰นใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚„็‰นๅˆฅใชใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ ็คบใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
16:32
what they did over the weekend as a way to indicate that they didn't do
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้€ฑๆœซใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:37
anything particularly meaningful or special. For example,
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
16:41
if you ask someone on a Monday morning, how was your weekend? They might say,
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ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๆœใซ่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€Œ ้€ฑๆœซใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œ
16:45
oh, it was, it was okay. I did a little bit of this and that. In other words,
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚„ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚„ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€
16:49
they did a few random things, but nothing particularly special or interesting.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ็‰นใซ็‰นๅˆฅใชใ“ใจใ‚„่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:55
Now that we have all 12 of these word pairs,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 12 ๅ€‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใƒšใ‚ขใŒใ™ในใฆๆƒใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†
16:58
let's do one more pop quiz and I want to tell you about the downloadable
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1 ใคใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ๅฏ่ƒฝใช
17:02
worksheet I have for you as well.
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ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
Take a look at this sentence and I want you to fill in the blank with the most
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
17:08
appropriate word pair in any relationship.
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๆœ€ใ‚‚้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’็ฉบ็™ฝใซๅŸ‹ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚’ๅฅๅ…จใซไฟใคใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€
17:12
It's important for both partners to in order to keep the relationship
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ไธกๆ–นใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใซใจใฃใฆ้‡่ฆใงใ™
17:17
healthy. If you selected give intake, you're exactly right.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ‘‚ๅ–้‡ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใพใ•ใซใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
17:22
With that, let's transition and talk about an activity I have available for you.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ฉฑ้กŒใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ€็งใŒ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซๆไพ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ“ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
17:27
If you would like to get extra practice with these 12 common
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 12 ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช
17:31
irreversible word pairs,
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ไธๅฏ้€†็š„ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
17:33
I have a downloadable PDF available for you with this lesson at
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17:38
my Speak Confident English website. To get that PDF,
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็งใฎ Speak Confident English Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ๅฏ่ƒฝใช PDF ใ‚’ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ PDF ใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใซ
17:42
I'll share a link to this specific lesson down below the video.
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:46
Click that link,
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ใใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ
17:48
visit this lesson and you'll see an opportunity to download that activity.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ“ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
17:53
As always, you can also share examples with me.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ไพ‹ใ‚’็งใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:56
If there's a word pair on this list that you think is really fun and you'd love
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ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎไธญใซ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
18:00
to add it to your active vocabulary, try creating your own example sentence,
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใช่ชžๅฝ™ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใ€
18:05
use mine as a model and share your own example with me.
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็งใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’็งใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง
18:10
You can do that directly in the comments. With that,
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็›ดๆŽฅ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใ€
18:14
thank you so much for watching this Confident English lesson.
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Confident English ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:16
It really means a lot to me and if you found it helpful,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงใใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
18:20
you can let me know in one very simple way.
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้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ YouTube ใง
18:23
Give this lesson a thumbs up here on YouTube and while you're at it,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซ้ซ˜่ฉ•ไพกใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎ้–“ใ€
18:26
you can also subscribe to this channel so you never miss one of my Confident
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใฎ Confident
18:31
English lessons. Thanks again and I'll see you next time.
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English ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ”นใ‚ใฆๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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