Third Conditional in English + Example Sentences [How and Why to Use It]

37,638 views ใƒป 2021-01-13

Speak Confident English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
If you think back on your English language learning over the years,
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้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใฃ
00:03
I'm certain that you've heard teachers say the third conditional is used to talk
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ใฆใฟใ‚‹ ใจใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎไธๅฏ่ƒฝใพใŸใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ•™ๅธซใŒ่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:08
about impossible or unreal situations in the past.
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ใ€‚
00:12
What does that even mean? I'm sure that you've asked that question and wondered:
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ไฝ“ไฝ•ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใ‚„้ŽๅŽปใฎไธๅฏ่ƒฝใช็Šถๆณ
00:16
What's the point of talking about unreal situations in the
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซไฝ•ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ
00:20
past or impossible situations in the past?
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ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
00:24
Things that didn't even happen.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
00:27
I'm Annemarie with Speak Confident English.
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็งใฏ Speak Confident English ใฎ Annemarie ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
This is exactly where you want to be every week to get the confidence you want
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใพใ•ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใจไป•ไบ‹ใซ ๅฟ…่ฆใช่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๆฏŽ้€ฑ่กŒใใŸใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
00:34
for your life and work in English. And this week,
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ใ€‚ ไปŠ้€ฑใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง
00:37
I want to uncover exactly why we use the third
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ
00:41
conditional in English, because honestly it's really quite useful.
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ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:46
And I want to make it easier for you to use it accurately in your English
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑใงๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™
00:50
conversations. By the time you finished watching today's video,
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ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹้ ƒใซใฏ
00:54
you'll be a hundred percent clear on why and how you should be
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00:59
using the third conditional in English.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใจๆ–นๆณ•ใŒ 100% ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Now, before we get into all the details of today's lesson,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ใ™ใใซ
01:17
I want to answer two important questions right away. Number one,
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2 ใคใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ 1 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€
01:21
why do we really use the third conditional and two,
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ใชใœ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ ใ€2 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€
01:24
how can you use it accurately? As I mentioned,
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ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ๅ†’้ ญใง่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
01:28
right at the beginning,
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ใ€
01:30
most English grammar books and teachers will start by telling you that the
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ๆ›ธใ‚„ๆ•™ๅธซ ใฏใ€
01:34
English third conditional is used to talk about unreal,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงไธๅฏ่ƒฝใช็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจ
01:37
impossible situations in the past,
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01:40
but here are two other ways to look at that.
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
We use the third conditional to express regret about things that we've
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽป ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚„้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๅพŒๆ‚”ใ‚’่กจใ™ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ—
01:49
done or choices we've made in the past. In other words,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€
01:53
things that we wish we could change, but of course we can't.
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็งใŸใกใŒๅค‰ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:57
For example,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ
01:58
that hairstyle that you had when you were 14 or the fact that you ate too much
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ใ€14 ๆญณใฎใจใใฎ้ซชๅž‹ ใ‚„ใ€ไผ‘ๆš‡ไธญใซ้ฃŸในใ™ใŽใŸใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใชใฉใงใ™
02:02
over the holidays.
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ใ€‚
02:04
A second reason to use the third conditional is to criticize someone
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ 2 ใค็›ฎใฎ็†็”ฑ
02:09
else's choices or actions made in the past.
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ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸไป–ใฎไบบใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚„่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:12
I'm sure all of us have had arguments with loved ones over decisions they made
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็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ ๆ„›ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบ
02:17
in the past, or even taking the wrong term while driving. And as a result,
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ใŒ้ŽๅŽปใซ่กŒใฃใŸๆฑบๅฎšใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€้‹่ปขไธญใซ้–“้•ใฃใŸ็”จ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ . ใใฎ็ตๆžœ
02:22
making you late for an appointment or even catching a plane,
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ใ€็ด„ๆŸใซ้…ใ‚Œ ใŸใ‚Šใ€้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆ
02:26
we're going to explore those two uses for the third,
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ใงใใพใ™ .3็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถไป˜ใใฎใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰2ใคใฎ็”จ้€”
02:29
conditional in much more depth. And I'm going to give you practical examples,
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ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆทฑใๆŽ˜ใ‚Šไธ‹ใ’ใพใ™. ๅฎŸ็”จ็š„ใชไพ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
02:33
but before I do, let's talk about how.
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ใŒใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:36
How to use the third conditional accurately. Again,
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ• ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—
02:40
I'm sure you've heard a teacher or a grammar book point out that with the third
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ‚„ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆœฌใงใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ
02:44
conditional you use,
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ๆกไปถไป˜ใ
02:46
if plus the past perfect plus would or wouldn't have and the
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if plus ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ† plus would or would not have ใจ
02:50
past participle, that's a lot of jargon. So let's make it a bit simpler.
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้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏๅฐ‚้–€็”จ่ชžใŒๅคšใ„ใจๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—
02:56
Think about those verb charts that you've learned. Eat ate, eaten,
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ใŸๅ‹•่ฉž่กจใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ้ฃŸในใฆใ€้ฃŸในใฆใ€
03:01
drink, drank drunk,
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้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ€้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ€้…”ใฃใฆใ€
03:04
go went gone.
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่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:08
The verbs in that third column are called past participles and we
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ใใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅˆ—ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œ
03:12
need those verbs in both parts of a third conditional sentence,
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ใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถไป˜ใๆ–‡ใฎ
03:17
both in the past perfect and following would or wouldn't have.
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ไธกๆ–นใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉž ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
Thankfully with regular verbs in English it's not so challenging.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใŸใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้€šๅธธใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใง ใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ้›ฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:26
We know that the third form of the verb ends with ed. For example,
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฝขๅผใฏ ed ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ
03:30
work worked, worked. Walk walked, walked.
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ใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใฏใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใŸใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ€ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ€‚
03:35
As we, go through the lesson today.
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็งใŸใกใจใ—ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’้€ฒใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:37
You'll see me use this structure again and again,
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ใ“ใฎ ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
03:40
although sometimes I will reverse the order,
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ใ€้ †ๅบใ‚’้€†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
03:44
but I want you to pay close attention to that structure. In fact,
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ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใฏๅๅˆ†ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€
03:48
I recommend that you repeat the example sentences I use after me
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็งใŒๅพŒใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:53
that active repetition will help to solidify this structure in your
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็ฉๆฅต็š„ใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจ ใงใ€้ ญใฎไธญใงใ“ใฎๆง‹้€ ใŒๅ›บใพใ‚Š
03:58
mind, making it easier for, to use in your own conversations.
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ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไผš่ฉฑใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
If you've been following me for awhile,
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ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใ็งใ‚’ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
04:04
you know that I often talk about the importance of consistent,
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ใ€ไธ€่ฒซใ—ใŸ
04:08
repetitive, active practice,
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ๅๅพฉ็š„ใง็ฉๆฅต็š„ใช็ทด็ฟ’ใฎ้‡่ฆๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใŒใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—
04:12
because that leads to muscle memory or automaticity,
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04:16
the ability to do something without thinking about it too much or stressing
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:20
about it. You just do it naturally. And of course,
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ใใ‚Œใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่‡ช็„ถใซ่กŒใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
04:23
that is what we all want communicating in a second, third or fourth language.
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ใใ‚Œใ“ใใŒ ็ฌฌไบŒ่จ€่ชžใ€็ฌฌไธ‰่จ€่ชžใ€็ฌฌๅ››่จ€่ชžใงใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:28
So now let's go ahead and dive in talking about regrets things we wish we could
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅค‰ใˆ ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅพŒๆ‚”ใ—
04:33
change in the past or criticizing others actions and choices.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ไป–ใฎไบบใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„้ธๆŠžใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
04:38
To get started,
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ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใซใ€
04:39
I'm going to share three example sentences with you .with each one,
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3 ใคใฎ ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใงใ€
04:43
I want you to see if you can identify why I'm using it.
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ใชใœ็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽป
04:47
Am I regretting something I did in the past?
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ใซใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅพŒๆ‚” ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:50
Am I wishing something were different? Or am I criticizing someone else?
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚็งใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:55
Example, number one, if I hadn't eaten so much over the holidays,
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็ฌฌไธ€ใซ ใ€ไผ‘ๆš‡
05:00
I wouldn't have been sick for days.
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ไธญใซใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ๆ—ฅใ‚‚็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้€ฃไผ‘ไธญใซ
05:03
If I hadn't eaten so much over the holidays,
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ ใ€
05:07
I wouldn't have been sick for days. What do you think?
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ไฝ•ๆ—ฅใ‚‚็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใซ ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:11
In that when I am absolutely expressing some regret over a
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ใใฎไธญใงใ€็งใŒ ่กŒใฃใŸ้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ธๆŠžใจ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅพŒๆ‚”ใ‚’็ตถๅฏพใซ่กจๆ˜Žใ—ใฆ
05:16
past choice and action that I made. Example number two,
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ใ„ใ‚‹ . ไพ‹
05:21
she would have gotten the job promotion
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2. ้ขๆŽฅใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:23
if she had better prepared for the interview.
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ใ€‚
05:28
She would have gotten the job promotion if she had better prepared.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใ—ใŸใฎใซใ€‚
05:33
Do you notice in this sentence, I've reversed that structure?
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใ€ ๆง‹้€ ใŒ้€†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹? ็งใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
05:36
The first part of the sentence I'm using would have prepared
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ใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ† ใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ๆธˆใฟ
05:41
and in the second I'm using that if plus the past
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ใงใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใฏ if ใจ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„
05:46
perfect.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:47
She would have gotten the job promotion if she had better prepared for the
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้ขๆŽฅใฎ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใงใใŸใฎใซ
05:51
interview. Now,
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. ใ•ใฆใ€
05:52
if you're thinking that example is about criticizing someone else you're right.
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ใใฎไพ‹ใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„.
05:57
I think she made a mistake by not preparing.
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ๅฝผๅฅณ ใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใง้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:01
And the final example,
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€
06:02
if I had known how dark this paint color would look on my walls,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ“ใฎใƒšใƒณใ‚ญใฎ่‰ฒใŒ็งใฎๅฃใซใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ๆš—ใ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€
06:06
I wouldn't have selected it. Certainly in this one, once again,
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†. ็ขบใ‹ใซไปŠๅ›žใ‚‚ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ
06:11
I'm expressing some regret or a wish that I had made a different
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ๅˆฅใฎ
06:15
choice or taken a different action in the past. Now,
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้ธๆŠžใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ๅˆฅใฎ ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใ“ใจใธใฎๅพŒๆ‚”ใ‚„ๅธŒๆœ›ใ‚’่กจๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
06:20
in a moment, I want to share a few more examples with you, but before we do,
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ใงใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ไพ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซ
06:24
let's look again at these three examples. Again,
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 3 ใคใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:27
I'm expressing some kind of regret or I'm regretting what someone else
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅพŒๆ‚”ใ‚’่กจๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅพŒๆ‚”ใ—ใฆ
06:32
has done, but what really happened in each situation?
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ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎ็ŠถๆณใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
06:37
Let's go back to example. Number one,
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ไพ‹ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ไผ‘ๆš‡ไธญใซ
06:40
if I hadn't eaten so much over the holidays,
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ ใ€
06:43
I wouldn't have been sick for days. What really happened?
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ไฝ•ๆ—ฅใ‚‚็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:49
The truthis I really did eat too much over the holidays. And as a result,
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ๅฎŸใฏใ€้€ฃไผ‘ไธญใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ฃŸใน้ŽใŽใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎ็ตๆžœใ€
06:54
I felt terrible for days. So with that sentence,
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็งใฏไฝ•ๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใฒใฉใ„ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ€
06:58
I'm expressing my regret.
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็งใฏ็งใฎ้บๆ†พใฎๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:00
The wish I have that I had made a different choice.
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็งใŒๅˆฅใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:05
In example, number two, as I mentioned,
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
07:07
I think this person made a mistake.
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ใ“ใฎไบบใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:10
The reality is she didn't prepare for her job interview. And as a result,
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็พๅฎŸใซใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฐฑ่ทใฎ้ขๆŽฅใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใใฎ็ตๆžœใ€
07:15
she wasn't offered the promotion. And of course, in example, number three,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใ‚’็”ณใ—ๅ‡บใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€
07:20
it's clear that I made the wrong paint choice.
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็งใŒ้–“้•ใฃใŸๅก—ๆ–™ใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใง
07:23
I ended up with a room that was way too dark because I didn't pay attention.
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ใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใŒๆš—ใ™ใŽใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
07:28
And I'm definitely regretting that choice. All right, now that we've got that,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใใใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚’ๅพŒๆ‚”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™. 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถ
07:33
let's look at a few more practical examples so that you really get a sense of
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ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฎŸ็”จ็š„ใชไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
07:37
how we use the third conditional.
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ใ€‚
07:39
And don't forget to practice repeating those sentences after me to get
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง‹้€ ใซๆ…ฃใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šๆ…ฃใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใฎๅพŒใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
07:43
comfortable or familiar with the structure that we're using.
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.
07:47
The reason I want you to do this is you know,
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„็†็”ฑใฏ
07:50
that I've got a challenge for you coming at the end of this lesson.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:54
I want to make sure that you're ready to practice and do it successfully.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ .
07:57
So let's look at just a few more. If you hadn't missed that catch,
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ‚’้€ƒใ•ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
08:02
we would have won the game.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†.
08:05
How many times have you or someone, you know,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚„่ชฐใ‹
08:09
blamed another player in a game for something they did wrong.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใงไป–ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใƒคใƒผ ใŒ้–“้•ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ๅ›ž้ž้›ฃใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
08:14
If you hadn't missed that catch, we would have won the game.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ‚’้€ƒใ•ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†.
08:19
That one is all about regret and criticizing someone else.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ๅพŒๆ‚” ใจไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ
08:23
We wouldn't have been late to the meeting if you had followed my directions
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็งใฎๆŒ‡็คบใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไผš่ญฐใซ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ ใ‚ใ†.
08:29
again, how many times have you given someone else step by step
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08:34
instructions on how to do something or how to get somewhere,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚„ใฉใ“ใ‹ใซ่กŒใๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใชๆŒ‡็คบใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไธŽใˆใŸ
08:38
but they didn't follow them. That definitely is a frustrating moment.
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ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใซๅพ“ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ. ใใ‚Œ ใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ™ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:43
And as a result, we might criticize that after the fact. And finally,
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ใใฎ็ตๆžœใ€ไบ‹ๅพŒใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
08:48
one last example for today, if I had done a bit more research,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟในใฆ
08:53
I would have realized this hotel had terrible reviews.
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ใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใŒใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็พๅฎŸ
08:58
What do you think was the reality? What happened?
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ใฏใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
09:03
In reality maybe I didn't do enough research.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ๅๅˆ†ใช่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:07
And in the end I ended up at a hotel with a terrible experience.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ใ€ใฒใฉใ„็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซ่กŒใ็€ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:12
And if I had done just a bit more research,
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’่กŒใฃ
09:16
I would have known that in advance and probably made a different
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ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไบ‹ๅ‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅˆฅใฎ
09:21
choice.
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้ธๆŠžใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†. ่‹ฑ่ชžใง
09:22
Now that you understand the why and the how of using the third
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใจๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€
09:26
conditional in English, it's time for you to practice.
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ๆฌกใฏ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:30
I want you to think about the past past actions and choices,
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้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„้ธๆŠžใซใคใ„ใฆใ€
09:34
whether they're yours or someone else's.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจไป–ไบบใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจใ€่€ƒใˆใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
09:37
And I want you to try using the structure that you've learned and
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใ‚“ใ ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
09:42
expressing some kind of regret, wishing something were different in the past,
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ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎๅพŒๆ‚”ใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้•ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใฎใซใจๆ€ใฃ
09:47
or criticizing someone else's choices and actions as always the best
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚„่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆ
09:51
place to share your examples with me,
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ใใ ใ•ใ„.
09:54
get feedback and read examples from others in the Confident English community is
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ใพใŸใ€Confident English ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฎไป–ใฎใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใซ
09:58
to go to my online lesson at the Speak Confident English website and share in
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ใฏใ€Speak Confident English ใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ใ‚‹็งใฎใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใ€
10:03
the comment section below.
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ไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:05
You can also do so at the bottom of this video on YouTube,
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ใพใŸ ใ€YouTube ใฎใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹้ƒจใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
10:09
if you found today's lesson useful to you, I would love to know,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃ ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ
10:12
and you can let me know in just a few simple ways. Number one,
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ใ€ใœใฒใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€
10:16
give this lesson a thumbs up on YouTube and number two,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ YouTube ใง้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็ฌฌไบŒใซ
10:19
be sure to subscribe to this channel.
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ใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:21
So you never miss one of my Confident English lessons. And number three,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชไฟกใซๆบ€ใกใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ™ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใซ
10:25
if you have a friend coworker or family member who also wants to improve their
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹ไบบใฎๅŒๅƒšใ‚„ๅฎถๆ—ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
10:30
English skills,
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10:31
share this lesson directly with them by email or Facebook with that have a
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใ‚’ใƒกใƒผใƒซใพใŸใฏ Facebook ใง็›ดๆŽฅๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
10:35
wonderful week. Thank you for joining me.
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ใ€‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:38
And I look forward to seeing you next time for your Confident English lesson.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใ€่‡ชไฟกใซๆบ€ใกใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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