Indirect questions (or embedded questions) - for when you need to be polite

96,689 views ใƒป 2014-12-02

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:05
Do you know where I am? Yes I know where you are.
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็งใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:10
Well, where am I? You are at 19th and Arch. No I'm not. No comment. I want to throw you
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏใฉใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ19็•ชใงใ‚ขใƒผใƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ็„กใ—ใ€‚
00:21
in the river! OK. The nearest river is at 17th and Arch.
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ๅทใซๆ”พใ‚Š่พผใฟใŸใ„๏ผ OKใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅฏ„ใ‚Šใฎๅทใฏ 17 ็•ชใจใ‚ขใƒผใƒใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
No it's not!
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใกใŒใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
00:45
Where's the Regional Rail line? This lesson
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ใƒชใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒŠใƒซ ใƒฌใƒผใƒซใฎ่ทฏ็ทšใฏใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ€
00:48
is about how to ask strangers for help. Polite questions you can ask when you need
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่ฆ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใฌไบบใซๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ ๅฟ…่ฆใชใจใใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ไธๅฏงใช่ณชๅ•
00:54
information. Where's the Regional Rail line? Excuse me,
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ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒŠใƒซ ใƒฌใƒผใƒซใฎ่ทฏ็ทšใฏใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
00:59
can you tell me where the Regional Rail line is?
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ๅœฐๆ–น้‰„้“ใฎ่ทฏ็ทšใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ ?
01:02
Yeah, it's that way. Oh, thank you. You heard two different questions. Did you
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ 2 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹
01:09
catch them? Now, the first is straight forward. You've
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๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
got 'where' and then the verb 'be.' But look at the second one. The verb 'be'
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'where' ใจ 'be' ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œbeใ€ใฏ
01:20
is at the end. Let's look at another one. Where is room 401? Excuse me, could you tell
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่ชžๅฐพใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ 401ๅทๅฎคใฏใฉใ“๏ผŸ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
01:30
me where room 401 is? Why certainly ma'am. Just walk this way. Thank you.
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401ๅทๅฎคใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใชใœ็ขบใ‹ใซๅฅฅๆง˜ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้“ใ‚’ๆญฉใใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
01:35
'Could you tell me...' That one's an embedded
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ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹...ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŸ‹ใ‚่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸ
01:39
question; a question inside another question. The ending has the same word order as a statement.
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่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎ่ณชๅ•ๅ†…ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฐพใฏๆ–‡ใจๅŒใ˜่ชž้ †ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚„็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใซใ€่ฆ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใฌไบบใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ
01:50
We often use these embedded questions with strangers when we're asking for information
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŸ‹ใ‚่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
01:56
and we want to be polite. Now, we've looked at questions with the verb 'be'.
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œbeใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:02
But what about other verbs? Can you tell me when the next train to Boston
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไป–ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒœใ‚นใƒˆใƒณ่กŒใใฎๆฌกใฎๅˆ—่ปŠใŒใ„ใค็™บ่ปŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹
02:14
leaves? 8:35 Could you tell me how much a one-way ticket
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? 8:35
02:19
to Washington costs? 51 dollars. The word order changes in these questions too.
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ใƒฏใ‚ทใƒณใƒˆใƒณใพใงใฎ็‰‡้“ๅˆ‡็ฌฆใฎๅ€คๆฎตใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹? 51ใƒ‰ใƒซใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ‚‚่ชž้ †ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
"Can you tell me...?' forms the question.
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"ๆ•™ใˆใฆ้ ‚ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹...๏ผŸ' ใฏ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—ใพใ™.
02:29
And then after that, it's like a statement. The auxiliary verb disappears, and the third
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎๅพŒ, ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™. ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๆถˆใˆใฆ,
02:36
person 's' returns. Can you tell me when the next train to Boston leaves?
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ไธ‰ไบบ็งฐใฎ 's' ใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™. ใƒœใ‚นใƒˆใƒณ่กŒใใฎๆฌกใฎ้›ป่ปŠใฏใ„ใคๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
02:42
Could you tell me how much a one-way ticket
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็‰‡้“ใฎๆ–™้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
02:45
to Washington costs? Now, something else. Do you know if the train
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ใƒฏใ‚ทใƒณใƒˆใƒณ่กŒใใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆไปฃใฏ? ใ•ใฆใ€ๅˆฅใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™.
02:50
to New York is on time? Yeah, it is. If it's a question with a 'yes' or 'no' answer,
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏ่กŒใใฎ้›ป่ปŠใŒๅฎšๅˆปใซๅˆฐ็€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™. ใ€Œ ใฏใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใง็ญ”ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
02:57
you the word 'if.' Do you know if there's a restaurant car on
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™. ใ“ใฎๅˆ—่ปŠ ใซ้ฃŸๅ ‚่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
03:03
this train? No, there isn't. You can use use the word 'whether' in the
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? ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ใ€Œ ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€
03:08
same way as 'if.' Now, here's a mistake a lot of students make.
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใ“ใ“ใงๅคšใใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒ็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
03:14
They'll form a normal question after a phrase like 'Can you tell me... " or "Do you know....'
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ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹...ใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
03:21
That's wrong. Don't do that.
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.
03:24
Do you know if the train to New York is on time? Yeah, it is.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏ่กŒใใฎ้›ป่ปŠใฏๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹ ? ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™. ใ“ใฎ้›ป่ปŠ
03:32
Do you know if there's a restaurant car on this train? No, there isn't.
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ใซ้ฃŸๅ ‚่ปŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ? ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
03:39
And one last thing. We generally only use embedded questions at the start of a conversation.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 1 ใคใ ใ‘. ไผš่ฉฑใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Š.
03:47
Can you tell me when the next train to Boston leaves? 8:35
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ใƒœใ‚นใƒˆใƒณ่กŒใใฎๆฌกใฎ้›ป่ปŠใŒใ„ใคๅ‡บ็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ ? 8:35
03:53
And what time does it get there? Uh, excuse me. Could you tell me where room
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ใงใ€ไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“. 401ๅทๅฎคใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹
04:01
401 is? Why certainly ma'am. Just walk this way.
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? ๅฅฅๆง˜. ๆญฉใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„. ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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