Learn Articles a / an / the | Basic English Grammar Course

70,612 views ・ 2021-09-20

Shaw English Online


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
Hi, everybody.
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Kumusta, lahat.
00:01
In this video, we’re going to talk about the articles; ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’.
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Sa video na ito, pag-uusapan natin ang tungkol sa mga artikulo; 'a', 'an' at 'the'.
00:08
Now this can be very confusing, so please make sure you pay careful attention.
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Ngayon ay maaari itong maging lubhang nakalilito, kaya't pakitiyak na maingat mong binibigyang pansin.
00:15
We use articles in front of nouns.
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Gumagamit kami ng mga artikulo sa harap ng mga pangngalan.
00:18
Okay, so remember that and let’s look at the board.
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Okay, kaya tandaan iyan at tingnan natin ang board.
00:23
First, we use ‘a’ or ‘an’ when we’re talking about any one thing.
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Una, ginagamit natin ang 'a' o 'an' kapag pinag-uusapan natin ang anumang bagay.
00:30
For example, let’s say I say, “A banana is delicious.”
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Halimbawa, sabihin nating, “Masarap ang saging.”
00:36
Okay, that means all bananas.
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Okay, ibig sabihin lahat ng saging.
00:38
Any banana is delicious.
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Kahit anong saging ay masarap.
00:41
“A banana is delicious.”
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"Masarap ang saging."
00:44
Okay, let’s jump over here.
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Okay, tumalon tayo dito.
00:47
If I’m talking about a specific banana…
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Kung partikular na saging ang pinag-uusapan ko...
00:50
maybe I have a banana in my hand.
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baka may saging sa kamay ko.
00:53
It’s specific, not any banana, this one.
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Ito ay tiyak, hindi anumang saging, ang isang ito.
00:57
I have to use ‘the’,
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Kailangan kong gamitin ang 'ang',
01:00
“The banana is old.”
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"Luma na ang saging."
01:03
Okay. This one.
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Sige. Itong isa.
01:05
I can’t say, “A banana is old.”
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Hindi ko masasabing, “Luma na ang saging.”
01:09
Then that means all bananas are old.
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Tapos ibig sabihin lahat ng saging ay matanda na.
01:11
And that’s not true. Just this one.
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At hindi iyon totoo. Ito lang.
01:14
So, I say, “The banana is old.”
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Kaya, sinasabi ko, "Ang saging ay luma na."
01:18
Okay, let’s move over here.
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Okay, lumipat tayo dito.
01:21
We also use ‘a’ or ‘an’ when we’re talking about something for the first time.
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Ginagamit din namin ang 'a' o 'an' kapag nag-uusap kami tungkol sa isang bagay sa unang pagkakataon.
01:27
So, I have another example here.
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Kaya, mayroon akong isa pang halimbawa dito.
01:30
“I watched a movie.”
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"Nanood ako ng sine."
01:33
Okay.
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01:33
I’m talking about this movie for the first time, so I have to use “…a movie”.
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Sige.
Pinag-uusapan ko ang pelikulang ito sa unang pagkakataon, kaya kailangan kong gumamit ng “…isang pelikula”.
01:41
But, if I want to talk about this movie again,
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Ngunit, kung gusto kong pag-usapan muli ang pelikulang ito,
01:45
for the second time, or the third time or fourth, fifth…
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sa pangalawang pagkakataon, o sa pangatlo o pang-apat, panglima…
01:49
it doesn’t matter.
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hindi mahalaga.
01:51
I have to use ‘the’.
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Kailangan kong gamitin ang 'the'.
01:54
“The movie was fun.”
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"Ang pelikula ay masaya."
01:57
I’m talking about this one. The specific.
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Pinag-uusapan ko ang isang ito. Ang tiyak.
02:00
“The movie was fun.”
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"Ang pelikula ay masaya."
02:03
I can’t say, “A movie was fun.”
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Hindi ko masasabing, “Nakakatuwa ang isang pelikula.”
02:06
That means all movies are fun.
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Ibig sabihin lahat ng pelikula ay masaya.
02:08
That’s not true.
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Hindi iyan totoo.
02:10
“The movie was fun.”
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"Ang pelikula ay masaya."
02:13
Okay, and I also use ‘the’
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Okay, at ginagamit ko rin ang 'ang'
02:16
when I’m talking about a noun where there’s only one and only.
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kapag nagsasalita ako tungkol sa isang pangngalan kung saan mayroon lamang isa at tanging.
02:20
Okay.
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Sige.
02:21
For example, there’s only one sun.
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Halimbawa, iisa lang ang araw.
02:24
Okay, when I look at the sky, there’s only one sun.
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Okay, pag tingin ko sa langit, iisa lang ang araw.
02:28
So, I say, “The sun.”
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Kaya, sinasabi ko, "Ang araw."
02:31
“The sun is hot.”
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"Mainit ang araw."
02:32
I cannot say, “A sun.”
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Hindi ko masasabing, "Isang araw."
02:35
That’s wrong.
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Mali iyan.
02:36
When there’s one and only, we say, “The sun.”
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Kapag may isa at tanging, sinasabi natin, “Ang araw.”
02:40
Okay.
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Sige.
02:41
Let’s look at some more examples.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
02:43
The first example says, “A lion is dangerous.”
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Ang unang halimbawa ay nagsasabing, "Ang isang leon ay mapanganib."
02:48
I have to use ‘a’ because I’m talking about any one lion.
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Kailangan kong gumamit ng 'a' dahil ang tinutukoy ko ay kahit sinong leon.
02:53
Any lion is dangerous.
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Anumang leon ay mapanganib.
02:55
All lions are dangerous.
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Ang lahat ng mga leon ay mapanganib.
02:58
So, I use ‘a’.
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Kaya, ginagamit ko ang 'a'.
03:01
The next sentence says, “It’s a dog.”
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Ang susunod na pangungusap ay nagsasabing, "Ito ay isang aso."
03:05
I’m talking about this dog for the first time, so I use ‘a’.
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Unang beses kong pinag-uusapan ang asong ito, kaya gumamit ako ng 'a'.
03:12
Now, I’m talking about this dog for the second time.
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Ngayon, pinag-uusapan ko ang asong ito sa pangalawang pagkakataon.
03:17
So, I say, “The dog is cute.”
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Kaya, sinasabi ko, "Ang cute ng aso."
03:21
Okay.
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Sige.
03:22
Here’s a similar example.
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Narito ang isang katulad na halimbawa.
03:24
“It’s an ant.”
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"Ito ay isang langgam."
03:27
Well, I used ‘an’ because we have ‘ant’, which start with a vowel.
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Well, ginamit ko ang 'an' dahil mayroon kaming 'ant', na nagsisimula sa isang patinig.
03:32
And I’m talking about this ant for the first time.
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At pinag-uusapan ko ang langgam na ito sa unang pagkakataon.
03:37
“It’s an ant.”
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"Ito ay isang langgam."
03:39
Now, I’m talking about this ant again.
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Ngayon, pinag-uusapan ko na naman itong langgam.
03:42
“The ant is small.”
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"Ang langgam ay maliit."
03:45
“The ant…”, this one, “…is small.”
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“Ang langgam…”, ang isang ito, “… ay maliit.”
03:50
Okay, and the last one.
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Okay, at ang huli.
03:52
“It’s the moon.”
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"Ito ay ang buwan."
03:54
I have to say, “the moon” because there’s only one moon.
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Kailangan kong sabihin, “ang buwan” dahil iisa lang ang buwan.
03:59
I cannot say, “a moon”.
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Hindi ko masasabing, "isang buwan".
04:02
“It’s the moon.
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“Ito ay ang buwan.
04:03
The moon…”, only one, “…is round.”
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Ang buwan…”, isa lamang, “… ay bilog.”
04:09
Okay.
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Sige.
04:10
Let’s look at some more examples.
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Tingnan natin ang ilang higit pang mga halimbawa.
04:13
Okay, we have some more examples,
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Okay, mayroon pa tayong ilang mga halimbawa,
04:16
but this time I want you to think about whether we should put ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’.
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ngunit sa pagkakataong ito gusto kong isipin mo kung dapat ba nating ilagay ang 'a', 'an' o 'the'.
04:23
Okay.
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Sige.
04:24
So, “I see ____ desk and ___ chair.”
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Kaya, "Nakikita ko ang ____ na mesa at ___ na upuan."
04:29
We don’t know which desk and chair.
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Hindi namin alam kung aling desk at upuan.
04:32
And it’s the first time I’m talking about them.
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At ito ang unang pagkakataon na kakausapin ko sila.
04:36
So, we have to put ‘a’.
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Kaya, kailangan nating maglagay ng 'a'.
04:40
“I see a desk and a chair.”
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"May nakita akong desk at upuan."
04:46
The next one.
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Ang susunod.
04:47
“I see ____ octopus.”
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"Nakikita ko si ____ octopus."
04:49
Okay, this is the same.
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Okay, ito ay pareho.
04:52
It’s the first time I’m talking about this octopus.
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First time kong magkwento tungkol sa octopus na ito.
04:57
So, do I put ‘a’ or ‘an’?
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So, maglalagay ba ako ng 'a' o 'an'?
05:00
Well here we have the vowel ‘o’.
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Well dito mayroon tayong patinig na 'o'.
05:04
So we have to put “‘an’ octopus”.
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Kaya kailangan nating maglagay ng "'isang' octopus".
05:07
“I see an octopus.”
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"May nakikita akong octopus."
05:10
Okay, the next one.
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Okay, sa susunod.
05:12
“It’s ___ pen.”
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"Ito ay ___ panulat."
05:14
Okay, it’s the same.
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Okay, pareho lang.
05:16
It’s the first time, so I say, “a pen”.
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Ito ang unang pagkakataon, kaya sinasabi ko, "isang panulat".
05:20
Now, I’m talking about the pen for the second time.
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Ngayon, nagsasalita ako tungkol sa panulat sa pangalawang pagkakataon.
05:24
So I say, “The pen is red.”
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Kaya't sinasabi ko, "Ang panulat ay pula."
05:30
Okay, I’m talking about this one.
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Okay, ito ang pinag-uusapan ko.
05:32
So I say, “the”.
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Kaya sinasabi ko, "ang".
05:34
Okay, similarly…
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Okay, katulad...
05:36
“She is ____ girl.”
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"Siya ay ____ na babae."
05:39
What do I say?
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Ano ang sasabihin ko?
05:41
“a girl.”
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"babae."
05:42
We’re talking about her for the first time.
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First time namin siyang pag-usapan.
05:46
Okay.
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Sige.
05:47
And now we’re talking about this girl again, for the second time.
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At ngayon ay muli nating pinag-uusapan ang babaeng ito, sa pangalawang pagkakataon.
05:51
So, I have to say, “The girl is pretty.”
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Kaya, kailangan kong sabihin, "Ang babae ay maganda."
05:56
And the last example.
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At ang huling halimbawa.
05:58
“I can see ___ sky.”
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"Nakikita ko ang ___ langit."
06:02
Now, we only have one sky.
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Ngayon, iisa na lang ang langit natin.
06:05
Right…
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06:05
So, if there’s only one and only, we have to put the article ‘the’.
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Tama...
Kaya, kung mayroon lamang isa at tanging, kailangan nating ilagay ang artikulong 'ang'.
06:11
“I can see the sky.”
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"Nakikita ko ang langit."
06:15
Okay.
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Sige.
06:16
So in this video, we talked about the articles ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’.
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Kaya sa video na ito, pinag-usapan natin ang mga artikulong 'a', 'an' at 'the'.
06:22
I hope you understand, and I’ll see you in the next video.
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Sana maintindihan mo, at makikita kita sa susunod na video.
06:25
Bye.
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paalam.
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