Word Stress: Sentence Position -- American English Pronunciation

93,090 views ใƒป 2010-12-01

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Today I'm going to go over something I find quite interesting about American English.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฝค ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
And that is, how different the same word can sound depending on where it falls in a sentence.
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์ฆ‰, ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
I've been noticing recently, some of my students from certain countries have the tendency to
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ํŠน์ • ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
00:23
accent the last word in the sentence. And in general, American English goes down in
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋Š”
00:30
pitch throughout a sentence. So actually the words at the end of a sentence should be lower
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ์Œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
00:35
in pitch, lower in volume, more unstressed than the same word would be if it came earlier
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์Œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์ด ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:42
in the sentence. Let's take for example the word 'home' in the sentences 'I'll be home
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. ' I'll be home
00:47
by three,' 'Last night I drove the car home.' Let's hear the word 'home' in the first sentence,
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by three', 'Last night I driving the car home'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'home'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
00:53
'I'll be home by three,' repeated on a loop a few times to get it into our ear. I'll be
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'I'll be home by three'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฃจํ”„๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ท€์— ์™์™ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋„๋ก ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
00:58
home by three. Home, home, home, home. And now the second sentence, 'Last night I drove
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3์‹œ์— ์ง‘์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง‘, ์ง‘, ์ง‘, ์ง‘. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ '์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์—
01:04
the car home.' Last night I drove the car home. Home, home, home, home. And now let's
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์ง‘์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ๊ณ  ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ์ง‘, ์ง‘, ์ง‘, ์ง‘. ์ด์ œ
01:09
compare, switching back and forth. [Home x8] Clearly they are at two different pitches,
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์•ž๋’ค๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. [Home x8] ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”ผ์น˜,
01:17
two different volumes. Here I'm using the software program Pratt to view both sentences
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ Pratt๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
01:24
and the loops of the word 'home'. The first sentence, I'll be home by three. And the loop
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'์ง‘'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ๋‚˜๋Š” 3์‹œ์— ์ง‘์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
01:32
for the word home in that sentence: home, home, home. You can see that the volume is
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด home์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฃจํ”„: home, home, home.
01:37
greater compared to the word home in the second sentence: home, home, home. And down here
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ home, home, home์—์„œ home์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์ด ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ
01:44
we see the pitch. Both of these sentences have the downward trend, the second one ending
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
01:51
with this little dot down here, as most statements in English do. The word 'home' in the first
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ž‘์€ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” 'home'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
01:59
sentence, here, quite high in pitch, the word home in the second sentence, here, quite low
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์Œ์กฐ์ด๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ home์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€
02:05
in pitch. Home. This section up here is the M, sort of just a grumble in the voice. It
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์Œ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ์„น์…˜์€ M์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
sort of stops sounding like speech at this point, doesn't it? Home, home, home. It's
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ ? ์ง‘, ์ง‘, ์ง‘.
02:19
so low in pitch, so low in volume, so -- uhh -- far down in the throat. Yet, when you
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์Œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์•„์„œ -- ์–ด -- ๋ชฉ๊ตฌ๋ฉ ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
02:26
hear it in the context of the sentence, you do identify it as the word 'home.' Let's listen
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด '์ง‘'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์‹๋ณ„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
one more time to the loop, where we alternate the word 'home' from the two sentences. [Home x 8]
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๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'home'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ๊ฐˆ์•„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฃจํ”„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์ง‘ x 8]
02:44
So keep this in mind when you're speaking, when you're practicing reading out loud. Make
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌธ์žฅ
02:47
sure you're not stressing the last word of a sentence by bringing it up in pitch or making
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์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:51
it louder because in English it's actually the opposite. The words at the end of the
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
02:56
sentence will be lower in pitch and also softer. The final word in a sentence can sometimes
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ํ”ผ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
03:02
be very low and very soft. That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rachel์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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