Learn English With News: Advanced Vocabulary & Phrases | Rachel's English

304,826 views ใƒป 2021-08-24

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hey, Iโ€™m Rachel from Rachelโ€™s Englishย  and today Iโ€™m going to teach youย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” Rachel's English์˜ Rachel์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ์— ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
00:03
some of the more advanced vocabularyย  and terms that were used in a CNBCย ย 
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CNBC ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜์™€ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:08
story about what went wrong with theย  Coronavirus vaccine rollout in the US.
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.
00:15
When a vaccine for Covid-19ย  was designed and tested,ย ย 
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Covid-19 ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜๊ณ  ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
00:19
many Americans thought that waiting forย  life to return to normal would soon be over.ย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ถ์ด ์ •์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณง ๋๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
Instead, there was more waiting to do.ย  Why? Letโ€™s watch this 35-second news clip.
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๋Œ€์‹  ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์™œ? ์ด 35์ดˆ์งœ๋ฆฌ ๋‰ด์Šค ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:30
Hereโ€™s what went wrong with theย  US Coronavirus vaccine rollout.ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
And how a new White House plans to turn thingsย  around. On May 15th 2020, the Trump administrationย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . 2020๋…„ 5์›” 15์ผ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:42
launched โ€œOperation Warp Speedโ€ to accelerateย  development, production and distribution ofย ย 
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'์ดˆ๊ณ ์† ์ž‘์ „'์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
Covid-19 vaccines. Its goal was to have 20ย  million Americans vaccinated by the end ofย ย 
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. ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” 2020๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ 2์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
2020. But once it came time to get shots intoย  peopleโ€™s arms, the Trump Administration turnย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํŒ”์— ์ด์„ ๋งž์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
00:57
the reins over to the states. This meant state andย  local health officials were left to piece togetherย ย 
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๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์— ๋„˜๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ
01:02
a massively complicated rollout operation.ย  Without federal guidance or additional resources.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋กค์•„์›ƒ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ง€์นจ์ด๋‚˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž์›์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Vaccine rollout. Letโ€™s hear that sentence again.
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ. ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
01:12
Hereโ€™s what went wrong with the US Corona virus vaccine rollout.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
Rollout is a noun, this means to introduce something such as a new product to the public.
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๋กค์•„์›ƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
The vaccine was ready and made to be distributed; it was time for the rollout.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์ค€๋น„๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กค์•„์›ƒ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
As a verb, hereโ€™s a sample sentence: The cellphone company is getting ready to rollout 5G service.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” 5G ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ถœ์‹œํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Rollout is also a phrasal verb withย  a completely different meaning. Iย ย 
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๋กค์•„์›ƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
01:38
rolled out of bed at 5AM this morning.ย  I was sleepy I could hardly stand up.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ 5์‹œ์— ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กธ๋ ค์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Or, the bus rolled out of theย  parking lot at 2:30 sharp.ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ •๊ฐ 2์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ๋ฒ„์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
The bus left the parkingย  lot, it departed, rolled out.
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๊ณ  , ์ถœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Vaccine rollout. Letโ€™s hear that sentence again.
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ. ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
01:55
Hereโ€™s what went wrong with the US Coronavirusย  vaccine rollout. And how a new White Houseย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
02:00
plans to turn things around. On May 15thย  2020, the Trump administration launchedย ย 
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์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ณ„ํš์ธ์ง€. 2020๋…„ 5์›” 15์ผ , Trump ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š”
02:05
โ€œOperation Warp Speedโ€ to accelerate development,ย  production and distribution of Covid-19 vaccines.
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Covid-19 ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'Operation Warp Speed'๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
This bit tells us that the US federalย  government was planning to oversee theย ย 
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์ด ๋น„ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
02:17
whole process from start to finish. Fromย  research, design, testing, mass producingย ย 
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์ „์ฒด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ๋…ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ๋””์ž์ธ, ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ,
02:22
and giving it to individual people, but thatโ€™sย  not what happened. Letโ€™s break this part down.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ผ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
The Trump administrationย  launched โ€œOperation Warp Speedโ€.ย ย 
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” '์›Œํ”„ ์Šคํ”ผ๋“œ ์ž‘์ „'์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Lauch is a verb meaning to start or set inย  motion. We use it generally when starting aย ย 
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Lauch๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:39
really big project or program. For example, Iโ€™mย  launching my new book next week. Thatโ€™s actuallyย ย 
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์ •๋ง ํฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ์ƒˆ ์ฑ…์„ ์ถœ๊ฐ„ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
02:45
not true. I donโ€™t have a new book but I do have anย  old book. Check it out at RachelsEnglish.com/book.ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ ์ฑ…์€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ฑ…์€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. RachelsEnglish.com/book์—์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:52
Itโ€™s also commonly used to mean toย  throw forward or send of an object.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
NASA is launching its newest rocket to Mars.
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NASA๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์‹  ๋กœ์ผ“์„ ํ™”์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Operation Warp Speed. Warp speed is another spaceย  Science reference. If any of you have watchedย ย 
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์›Œํ”„ ์Šคํ”ผ๋“œ ์ž‘์ „. ์›Œํ”„ ์†๋„๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ฐธ์กฐ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:08
part of the Star Trek TV series,ย  no doubt youโ€™ve heard this term.ย ย 
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Star Trek TV ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
It means faster-than-light travel ofย  the highest speed possible. Warp speed.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์†๋„์˜ ๋น›๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฅธ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์›Œํ”„ ์†๋„.
03:18
On May 15th 2020, the Trump administrationย  launched โ€œOperation Warp Speedโ€ย ย 
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2020๋…„ 5์›” 15์ผ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ์ƒ์‚ฐ, ๋ฐฐํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์ดˆ๊ณ ์† ์ž‘์ „'์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:23
to accelerate development, productionย  and distribution of Covid-19 vaccines.
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.
03:28
Its goal was to have 20 million Americansย  vaccinated by the end of 2020. But once it cameย ย 
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๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” 2020๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ 2์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
03:34
time to get shots into peopleโ€™s arms, the Trumpย  Administration turn the rains over to the states.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํŒ”์— ์ด์„ ๋งž์„ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์— ๋„˜๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
The Trump Administration turned theย  reins over to the states. So the federalย ย 
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์— ๋„˜๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ
03:43
government gave control of the rollout to theย  individual states. It turned the reins over.ย ย 
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ฃผ์— ๋กค์•„์›ƒ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐœ์Œ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒ ์ž์—
03:49
I can think of 3 different meanings for theย  same pronunciation and different spelling soย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•ด 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
03:54
be careful here. We have R-E-I-N-S. Reins,ย  these are the long leather straps or rope that a riderย ย 
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์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. R-E-I-N-S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์‚๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋”๊ฐ€ ๋ง๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธด ๊ฐ€์ฃฝ ์ŠคํŠธ๋žฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๋กœํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:03
uses to guide an animal like a horse. Pullย  back on the reins to slow the horse down.
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. ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‹น๊ฒจ ๋ง์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
We also have R-E-I-G-N-S, reigns. Royalย  authority or governing power. The Queenย ย 
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R-E-I-G-N-S๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™•๊ถŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํ†ต์น˜๊ถŒ. ์—ฌ์™•์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€
04:18
reigns as a representative ofย  the state but not the ruler.
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์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ตฐ๋ฆผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ†ต์น˜์ž๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
Then we also have the most common, R-A-I-N-S,ย  rains, water as drops falling from the clouds.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ R-A-I-N-S, ๋น„, ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌผ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
It rains almost every day in April. Allย  three of these words are pronounced the same.ย ย 
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4์›”์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค์ผ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
R consonant, a diphthong, and z, [ษนeษชnz].
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R ์ž์Œ, ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ๋ฐ z, [ษนeษชnz].
04:41
In this clip, weโ€™re hearing the first spelling, toย  turn the reins over. This means to give control orย ย 
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์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ์–ด๊ถŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:46
power to someone else. This idiom comes fromย  horses. To have the reins control the horse andย ย 
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. ์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ง์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ณ ์‚๊ฐ€ ๋ง์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:53
you pass them to someone else to control. Youย  can also say: Take the reins, hold the reins,ย ย 
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์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Take the reins, hold the reins,
04:59
grab the reins, pass the reins. Of course,ย  this isnโ€™t limited to riding an actual horse.
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grab the reins, pass the reins. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ง์„ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ตญํ•œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
The CEO took the reins of the company lastย  month. Or: I need help with this project;ย ย 
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CEO๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๋งก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š”: ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
I have too much other work to do.ย  Can I pass the reins on to you?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์‚๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„˜๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:15
You know there are a lot of idiomsย  related to horses in English.ย ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ง๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ˆ™์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Horses used to be the central part of our life.ย  They were our transportation. I actually thoughtย ย 
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๋ง์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
of a bunch of idioms with horses one day when Iย  was dressed up as a horse and I made a video goingย ย 
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ๋ง ๋ถ„์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง๊ณผ
05:30
over these idioms that you can watch at the endย  of this video, itโ€™s a classic. Letโ€™s keep going.
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๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:37
State and local health officials were leftย ย 
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์ฃผ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์€
05:39
to piece together a massivelyย  complicated rollout operation.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋กค์•„์›ƒ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์งœ๋งž์ถฐ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
State heads to piece together a massivelyย  complicated rollout operation. Have you everย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋กค์•„์›ƒ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
done a jigsaw puzzle? One with a thousand piecesย  maybe more? Ilike this idiom โ€œTo piece togetherโ€ย ย 
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์ง์†Œ ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? 1000๊ฐœ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ? ๋‚˜๋Š”
05:55
to describe a very complex problem with lots ofย  parts and details that need to come together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งž์ถ”๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
I might also say, put together,ย ย 
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ํ•ฉ์น˜๋‹ค, ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋‹ค,
06:04
figure out, carry out, piece together.ย  Another sample sentence: The police had toย ย 
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์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค, ์กฐ๊ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ ํ•ฉ์น˜๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ: ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:11
piece together reports from several witnessesย  to get and accurate account of what happened.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ์ธ์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:17
Or: After we talked for a few minutes,ย  we pieced together our connectionsย ย 
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๋˜๋Š”: ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ํ›„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๋งฅ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:22
and realized we had met 5ย  years earlier at a conference.
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5 ๋…„ ์ „์— ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Piece together, a great expressionย  to use here since the vaccine rolloutย ย 
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ถœ์‹œ ์ดํ›„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€
06:31
involved so many details to make happen. On theย  newsclip, a doctor explains some of these pieces.
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์‹คํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์Šค ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
That really requires an assembly line-likeย  setup, it requires several weeks of planning,ย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ค์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:42
requires to make sure complex storage is connectedย  to individuals that the other end of the processย ย 
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
and for places that donโ€™t have all of thatย  infrastructure and that expertise they reallyย ย 
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์ •๋ง๋กœ
06:51
need more technical assistance from the federalย  government and unfortunately operation wonโ€™tย ย 
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์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ง€์›์ด ๋” ํ•„์š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์šด์˜ ์†๋„๋Š”
06:56
speed only really seem to focus on the Scienceย  and ultimately the development and approvalย ย 
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07:00
of these vaccines but not the logisticsย  around distribution and administration.
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์ด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ์œ ํ†ต ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
First he mentions and assembly line-like set up.ย  An assembly line, this is something that you mightย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ค์ •์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ์€
07:11
see in a factory, an arrangement of machines,ย  tools and workers that get a large quantityย ย 
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๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„, ๋„๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์ž์˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:17
of a product put together quickly. The productย  goes down the line and everyone does their step.
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. ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฑธ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๋”›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
Another piece is complex storage. The vaccinesย  canโ€™t be just shipped in a box. They have to beย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ƒ์ž์— ๋‹ด์•„ ๋ฐฐ์†กํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
kept at a very, very cold temperatures. A typicalย  freezer wonโ€™t do the job for some of the vaccines.ย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ƒ‰๋™๊ณ ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Letโ€™s skip to another report. Iโ€™ll put links toย  both of these news clips in the video description.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์ด ๋‘ ๋‰ด์Šค ํด๋ฆฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
In this report, CNBC is talking aboutย  how commercial airplanes were used toย ย 
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์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ CNBC๋Š”
07:47
solve a piece of this rollout puzzle. Largeย  commercial aircraft were used to transportย ย 
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์ด ๋กค์•„์›ƒ ํผ์ฆ์˜ ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ์—…์šฉ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. PPE๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์†กํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ƒ์—…์šฉ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:54
PPE. That is personal protective equipmentย  and vaccines in addition to FEDEX and UPS.
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ FEDEX ๋ฐ UPS ์™ธ์— ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
Normally US mail and Amazon packages andย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐํŽธ ๋ฐ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ์†Œํฌ์™€
08:05
various other things from live animalsย  to electronics are all flying below us.
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์ „์ž ์ œํ’ˆ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
Because so many planes have been taken out,ย  airlines have been using especially their largerย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š”
08:15
aircraft to carry only cargo. Theyโ€™re prettyย  much desperate to find revenue wherever they can.
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ํ™”๋ฌผ๋งŒ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠนํžˆ ๋” ํฐ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
In March of 2020, airlines were evenย  transporting some cargo in passenger seatsย ย 
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2020๋…„ 3์›”, ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— PPE ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ์Šน๊ฐ์„์— ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”๋ฌผ์„ ์šด์†กํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:24
to help distribute PPE equipmentย  at the beginning of the pandemic.
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. ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ
08:28
Listen for 2 reductions with linking inย  this clip. And. We very often drop the d.
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์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถ•์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ d๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
US mail and Amazon packages. And Amazon.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐํŽธ ๋ฐ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ์†Œํฌ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ์กด.
08:39
US mail and Amazon packages--
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์šฐํŽธ๊ณผ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€--
08:46
And various other things. Andย  various. No d, linked together.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ. ์•„๋‹ˆ d, ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
And various other things
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
08:57
Dropping the D in this word is moreย  common than pronouncing it. And Amazon.ย ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ D๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ์กด.
09:03
And various. Letโ€™s look atย  2 more common reductions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
Because so many planes have been taken out--
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—...
09:08
Because.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด.
09:09
Because so many planes have been taken out--
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—...
09:14
Because. This word can be reduced to cuz,ย  without the first syllable. Here we doย ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ฒซ ์Œ์ ˆ ์—†์ด cuz๋กœ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
09:20
hear the first syllable but itโ€™s saidย  very, very quickly. Because, because.ย ย 
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์ฒซ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด. ์ฒซ ์Œ์ ˆ
09:26
You can think of there is being no vowel in theย  first syllable just a quick b sound bโ€™cuz, bโ€™cuz.
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์— ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ b ์†Œ๋ฆฌ b'cuz, b'cuz๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
Because so many planes have been taken out--
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—-- ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์–ด์˜
09:36
Dropping the H at the beginningย  of certain function words is alsoย ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— H๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:39
really common on both casualย  and professional speech.
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
Here we have an example whereย  the word have becomes วv.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ have๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ วv๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
Because so many planes have been taken out--
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—--
09:49
Other words where this might happen, hadย  becomes วd. Has becomes วz. Him becaomes im.ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ had๋Š” วd๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. วz๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹ ์ €๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Her becomes วr and he becomes I.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” วr์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” I๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
10:05
If you want some examples andย  reductions like these interests you,ย ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™€ ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:09
I do have a whole course dedicated to them inย  my online school, Rachelโ€™s English Academy. Iย ย 
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์ œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํ•™๊ต์ธ Rachel's English Academy์—์„œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ „๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
10:14
always tell people, if you want the most bangย  for your buck, practice reductions like these.ย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒŒ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ค„์ด๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
Bang for your buck means getting a lot forย  what you put into something. Time studyingย ย 
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Bang for your buck์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:26
on reductions and stress is really going to impactย  how natural you sound speaking English. So visitย ย 
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๊ฐ์†Œ์™€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Rachelsenglishacademy.com to see more. Okay,ย  letโ€™s check out the final clip in this video.
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด Rachelsenglishacademy.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
Because so many planes have been taken out,ย  airlines have been using especially their largerย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š”
10:42
aircraft to carry only cargo. Theyโ€™re prettyย  much desperate to find revenue wherever they can.
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ํ™”๋ฌผ๋งŒ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠนํžˆ ๋” ํฐ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
In March of 2020, airlines were evenย  transporting some cargo in passenger seats---
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2020๋…„ 3์›” ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์ˆ˜์„์— ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”๋ฌผ์„ ์šด์†กํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Did you catch a reductionย  of an adverb? Listen again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:56
especially their larger aircraft--
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋” ํฐ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ--
11:01
Especially. If you look it up in a dictionary,ย  youโ€™re going to see that this is a four-syllableย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ. ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
11:08
word with stress on the second syllableย  but with the ly adverbial suffix,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์— ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” 4์Œ์ ˆ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ly ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ ‘๋ฏธ์‚ฌ
11:14
itโ€™s really easy to drop the schwa right beforeย  the suffix so especially becomes especially,ย ย 
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์—์„œ ์Šˆ์™€๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ
11:26
especially. Four syllables become three. Thisย  happens in other words too. Letโ€™s take finallyย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ. ๋„ค ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
11:34
becoming fainly. Three syllables dropped toย  two. Thatโ€™s a more common pronunciation.
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ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•ด๊ฐ€์ž. 3์Œ์ ˆ์ด 2์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋” ํ”ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
Necessarily. Necessarily becomes necessarly,ย ย 
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ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ,
11:46
necessarily. Five syllables becoming four.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ. ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ๋„ค ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šˆ์™€๋ฅผ
11:50
Itโ€™s perfectly fine not to drop theย  schwa to do the full pronunciationย ย 
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์ƒ๋žตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€๋งŒ
11:54
but youโ€™ll hear these reductions byย  native speakers in all sorts of contexts.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Reductions make our speech a little bit moreย  smooth and connected and thatโ€™s always a
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์ถ•์†Œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ข€ ๋” ๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์–ต์–‘ ํ›ˆ๋ จ
12:04
top priority as you roll out your plan forย  American accent training. Now, letโ€™s get toย ย 
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๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ์ˆœ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ
12:11
this video from the past. A video from the vaultย  where I went over nearly 20 idioms relating to horses.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ 20๊ฐœ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๊ธˆ๊ณ ์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
And thatโ€™s it for todayโ€™s lesson. Thanksย  for watching and donโ€™t forget to subscribeย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
with notifications. I make new videos everyย  Tuesday and I love to be your English teacherย ย 
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์•Œ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ํ™”์š”์ผ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
so come on back. Thatโ€™s it and thanksย  so much for using Rachelโ€™s English.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rachel์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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