How to Stress a Syllable :: The Shape of Stress

166,788 views ใƒป 2012-02-10

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง
00:03
we're going to talk about the shape of a stressed syllable.
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ใฏใ€ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:14
I've been talking a lot recently with my private students about the shape of stress. Stress
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็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ็ง็ซ‹ใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚น
00:21
isn't simply a higher pitch and a lower pitch. Yes-ter-day. Da-da-da. But actually, there's
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ใฏๅ˜ใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใจไฝŽใ„ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€
00:29
a swoop from one pitch to the next, so there's always a gliding feeling. Yesterday. When
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฌกใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใธใจๆ€ฅ้™ไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ๅธธใซๆป‘็ฉบๆ„ŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€‚
00:39
my students are able to switch into this mode, it makes a world of difference. All of a sudden,
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็งใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใ“ใฎใƒขใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ„ใฎไธ–็•Œใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ช็„ถ
00:45
the speech is much more natural, is much more American. This applies even to one-syllable
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่‡ช็„ถใซใชใ‚Šใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ็š„ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€1้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎ
00:51
words and one-syllable sentences. For example, yes, yes. It's not yes, yes, all on one pitch;
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ๅ˜่ชžใจ1้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๆ–‡ใซใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ1ใคใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:04
that's very flat. Yes. Yes. Hi. Hi. Hi -- do you hear that change in pitch, that shape
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ- ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ€ใใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๅฝขใŒ่žใ“ใˆ
01:19
in that syllable? Very different from hi, hi, hi. Hi.
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ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใจใฏๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
01:28
So the shape of a stressed syllable has the pitch gliding up and the pitch gliding down.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๅฝข็Šถใงใฏใ€ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒไธŠใซใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ—ใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒไธ‹ใซใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:34
Let's take for example the word 'hello'. Hello, -llo. Do you hear how the change in pitch
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ -lloใ€‚ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒๆ€ฅๆฟ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใŸใ‹
01:46
isn't abrupt. It slides from lower to higher and lower again. This is very different from
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏไธ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠใธ ใใ—ใฆๅ†ใณไธ‹ใธใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
01:53
hello, hello, an abrupt pitch change of two flat ideas. Hell-o, hell-o. Hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€2ใคใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฎ็ช็„ถใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒๅค‰ๆ›ดใจใฏๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
02:06
It's not a bad idea to practice words and sentences very under pace, sliding from pitch
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใธใจใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€้žๅธธใซใƒšใƒผใ‚นใฎ้…ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆ‚ชใ„่€ƒใˆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:13
to pitch. For example: hey, how are you? Then, when you speed it up, don't think of switching
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ใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผšใญใˆใ€ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฌกใซใ€ ้€Ÿๅบฆใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
02:26
back into speaking mode. Think of taking this stretched out, gliding from pitch to pitch
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่ฉฑใ™ใƒขใƒผใƒ‰ใซๆˆปใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ไผธใฐใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใธใฎ
02:33
speech, and speeding it up. We don't want the character of that uhh-- to change. You
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ๆป‘ใ‚‰ใ›ใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใฎใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใฎๆ€งๆ ผใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใใชใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
02:41
want to keep that in your speech. So please keep this in mind, and do practice speaking
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซๆฎ‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟต้ ญใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ€
02:47
under pace sometimes. Stress is much more than a change in pitch, it's how you change
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใƒšใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚น ใฏใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ไปฅไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™
02:53
the pitch.
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ใ€‚
02:55
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ† ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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