How to Pronounce Contractions: American English Pronunciation

1,453,938 views ใƒป 2010-10-23

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:06
I've had some requests to go over the pronunciation of various contractions.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅŽ็ธฎใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
00:11
So, let's start with the 'to be' contractions, as in I am, you are, we are. First, I'm. It's
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œto beใ€ใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€็งใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
00:22
one syllable, the 'ai' as in 'buy' diphthong and the M consonant sound. I'm here, I'm here.
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1้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใงใ€ใ€Œ่ณผๅ…ฅใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œaiใ€ ใจMๅญ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:31
You are, you're: begins with the Y consonant sound, then the schwa, and finally the R consonant
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ๏ผšYๅญ้Ÿณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ใ€ๆฌกใซschwaใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซR
00:40
sound. You're, you're. You're here! You're welcome. He's, she's, and it's. Now the apostrophe
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ๅญ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™๏ผ ใฉใ†ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:51
S for the word 'is' in these three contractions is pronounced as a Z sound for he and she,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ3ใคใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใงใ€Œisใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใฏใ€ ๅฝผใจๅฝผๅฅณใฎZ้Ÿณใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•
00:59
and as an S sound for it's. He's, zzz, zzz, Z sound, she's, zzz, zzz, Z sound, it's, sss,
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ใ‚Œใ€S้Ÿณใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€zzzใ€zzzใ€ Zใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€zzzใ€zzzใ€Zใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€sssใ€
01:11
S sound. The apostrophe S in he's, she's, and it's, can also be shortening the word
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Sใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฎใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใ€ๅฝผๅฅณ ใฎใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œ
01:19
'has', not just 'is'. He has, he's been here before. She has, she's, she's been here before.
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œisใ€ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใ€Œhasใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ ไปฅๅ‰ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒไปฅๅ‰ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:30
It has, it's, it's been here for a while. We're begins with the W consonant sound. It
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใฎ้–“ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใšใ€Wๅญ้Ÿณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซ
01:39
then has the schwa/R sound combination, just like the 'er' as in 'her' vowel sound: ww,
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ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฎใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ€Œerใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€schwa / Rใฎ้Ÿณใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผšwwใ€
01:50
er. So even though it would be written with two different symbol sounds, it's just the
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erใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€2ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ˜ๅท้Ÿณใงๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
01:55
one rr, rr, rr sound. We're, we're, we're coming! They're: pronounced just like these
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1ใคใฎrrใ€rrใ€rr้Ÿณใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ ๏ผ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ๏ผšใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
02:06
two words their/there. Th, the voiced TH sound, th, the 'eh' as in 'bed', the-er, er. The
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2ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝผใ‚‰/ใใ“ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ Thใ€ๆฟใฃใŸTH้Ÿณใ€ thใ€ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œehใ€ใ€-erใ€erใ€‚
02:18
schwa/R sound finishing off the word. They're. They're. They're here! Question words are
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schwa/Rใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใŒ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ท ใ‚ใใใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฅใŸ๏ผ ็–‘ๅ•่ฉžใฏ
02:27
often part of contractions as well. For example, how is. How's, how's. The S is pronounced
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ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ็ธฎ็ด„ใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ ใ€ใฉใ†ใ ใ€‚ Sใฏ
02:36
as a Z sound, how's. How's it going? Why's, why is. Why's, again it is pronounced like
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Z้Ÿณใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ ใชใœใ ใ€ ใชใœใ ใ€‚ ใชใœใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚Z้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ
02:44
a Z sound. It's pronounced just like this word wise. Why's, why's it there? What is,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ณขใ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใงใ€ใชใ‚“ใงใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€
02:53
what's. So the apostrophe S is pronounced as an S, what's. Now, make sure you get the
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ไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใฏSใจ็™บ้Ÿณ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œไฝ•ใ€ใฎTใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:01
T for 'what' in there. It's a stop, what's, not just an S sound. What---ss. So do move
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ ใฏใŸใ ใฎS้Ÿณใงใฏใชใใ€ๅœๆญขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใซ---ssใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
03:13
the tongue up to the roof of the mouth to make that stop for the T. What's, what's.
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ใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฃ่“‹ใพใงๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใฆ ใ€TใฎใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:21
What's it doing there? The apostrophe S could also be the word does. What does, what's.
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ใใ“ใงไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใฏ ใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ€‚
03:29
What's it mean? When. When is becomes when's, zz, zz. Here the apostrophe S is pronounced
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใคใ€‚ ใ„ใคใŒใ„ใคใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ zzใ€zzใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใฏZใจ็™บ้Ÿณ
03:37
as a Z. When's, when's, when is, when's it over? The apostrophe S can also mean does.
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ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใคใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใ„ใค ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃSใฏใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:47
When does, when's, again, pronounced as a Z, when's it end? When does it end, when's
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ใ„ใคใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใพใŸใ€Zใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ ใ€ใ„ใค็ต‚ไบ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใค็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ€
03:55
it end? The have contractions. These are written as apostrophe VE, and when the word before
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ใ„ใค็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ๅญๅฎฎๅŽ็ธฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃVEใจใ—ใฆ่จ˜่ฟฐใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅ‰ใฎๅ˜่ชž
04:04
ends in a vowel or diphthong sound, it simply adds the V consonant sound to the end of that
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ใŒๆฏ้ŸณใพใŸใฏไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซVๅญ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
04:10
syllable. I, I have, I've, I've, vvv. I've been waiting. You have, you've, you've. Again,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใ€็งใฏใ€็งใฏใ€็งใฏใ€vvvใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅพ…ใฃใฆ ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซ
04:24
the word 'you' pronounced just the same, only with, vv, a V sound at the end. You've. The
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ• ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซV้ŸณใŒไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:32
Y consonant sound, 'oo' as in 'boo' vowel, and the V consonant sound. You've, you've
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Yๅญ้Ÿณใ€ใ€Œbooใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ€Œooใ€ ใ€Vๅญ้Ÿณใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅพ…ใฃใฆ
04:40
been waiting. We have, we've. The W consonant sound, the 'ee' as in 'she' vowel, and the
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ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ W ๅญ้Ÿณใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œeeใ€ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ
04:50
V consonant. It's pronounced just like this word, weave. We've, we've been waiting. They
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Vๅญ้Ÿณใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€็น”ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
04:59
have, they've. They've. The voiced TH sound, the 'ay' as in 'say' diphthong, they, they,
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆœ‰ๅฃฐใฎTH้Ÿณ ใ€ใ€Œsayใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œayใ€diphthongใ€theyใ€theyใ€
05:09
vv. And the V sound. They've. They've been waiting. The next set of words with the 'have'
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vvใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆV้Ÿณใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ 'have'ใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’ๆŒใคๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ€
05:18
contraction all end in a consonant. So rather than just adding a V sound, it actually adds
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ใ™ในใฆๅญ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€Vใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
05:24
another, unaccented syllable: the schwa sound followed by the V sound. For example, could
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใชใ„ๅˆฅใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใฎ ๅพŒใซVใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
05:32
have, could've, could've, ve, ve. Separate, extra syllable at the end. Could've. I wish
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ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ€ใงใใŸใ€ใงใใŸใ€veใ€veใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅˆฅใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ€‚ ใงใใŸใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ
05:40
I could've seen it. Should have, should've, should've, ve, ve. I should've known. Would
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ใฎใซใ€‚ ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใ€ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใ ใ€veใ€veใ€‚ ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
05:53
have, would've. Again, it's the first syllable, woul-dve, that is stressed and, -dve: low
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹woul-dveใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€-dve๏ผš
06:01
in pitch and volume. Would've. It would've been nice. Might have. Now the T here is going
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใจ้Ÿณ้‡ใŒไฝŽใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎTใฏ
06:11
to be pronounced as a flap T, so it will actually sound like a D: might've, might've. Dve, dve,
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ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใฏDใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ Dveใ€dveใ€
06:21
mai-dve, might've. I might've gone. The 'will' contractions. All of these contractions have
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mai-dveใ€ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่กŒใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใฎ ๅŽ็ธฎใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŽ็ธฎใฏใ™ในใฆ
06:30
a dark L that is added at the end. I've said before, the dark L has a vowel-like sound
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆš—ใ„Lใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใซใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒ ใ€ๆš—ใ„Lใซใฏใ€
06:36
that's not written in IPA: uh, uh, uhl, before the tongue moves up into the final position.
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IPAใงๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚่ˆŒใŒๆœ€็ต‚ไฝ็ฝฎใซไธŠใŒใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€‚
06:45
So let's take example I, I'll, I--'ll, uhl, that dark L sound on the end. I will, I'll.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚Iใ€I'llใ€I--'llใ€uhlใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใใฎๆš—ใ„L้Ÿณใ€‚ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:57
I'll be there soon. You will, you'll. You---uhl. Dark L at the end. You'll. You'll need to
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็งใฏใ™ใใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ---uhlใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏLใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
07:08
come quickly. With the he will and she will contractions, the ee vowel might relax a little
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฎๆ„ๅฟ—ใจๅฝผๅฅณใฎๆ„ๅฟ—ใŒ ๅŽ็ธฎใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€eeๆฏ้Ÿณใฏ
07:16
into the 'ih' as in 'sit' vowel. He will, he'll, he'll, he'll be here soon. She will,
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ใ€Œsitใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œihใ€ใซๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€ ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏใ™ใใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€
07:28
she'll, becomes more with the ih sound she'll, she'll, she'll be here soon. It will. It'll.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ ใ†ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ™ใใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ihใฎ้Ÿณใงใ‚‚ใฃใจใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ†ใชใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€‚
07:38
Notice the T here is pronounced as a flap T, the D sound. It'll. It'll be ok. With the
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎTใฏใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใ€Dใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ธฎ
07:48
we will contraction you might find, again, that the 'ee' as in 'she' vowel relaxes into
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็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ€Œeeใ€
07:55
the 'ih' as in 'sit' vowel. We will, we'll, we'll. It sounds a lot like the word 'will'.
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ใŒใ€Œๅบงใ‚‹ใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œihใ€ใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:05
We'll be there tomorrow. The will, they'll. They'll. The TH, th, voiced sound, 'ay' as
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ THใ€thใ€ๆฟ้Ÿณใ€ใ€Œayใ€
08:15
in 'say' diphthong, and the dark L sound. Uhl, uhl, they'll. They'll be here soon. How
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ใ€ใ€Œsayใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๆš—ใ„L้Ÿณใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ™ใใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ How
08:24
will becomes how'll, which sounds just like this word howl. How will, how'll, how'll you
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willใฏhow'llใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ้ ๅ ใˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ
08:32
get there? Where will becomes where'll, where'll, where---'ll. Where'll you be? When will, when'll.
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ใใ“ใซ็€ใใฎ๏ผŸ ใฉใ“ใŒใฉใ“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ ใ€‚ ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใคใ€ใ„ใคใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
08:48
When'll I see you again? What will. Again, the T here will be pronounced as a D, it's
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ใพใŸใ„ใคไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎTใฏDใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ€
08:55
flapped. What'll, what'll. And you'll notice that the contraction adds a second unaccented
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ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ไฝ•ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€็ธฎ็ด„ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใชใ„้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใŒ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:03
syllable. What'll. What'll it be? The words had and would can both be represented by the
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ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ˜่ชž ใฏใ€
09:11
apostrophe D. In the word I'd, it's simply a D sound at the end of the 'ai' as in 'buy'
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ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใง่กจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŒ่จ€ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œ่ณผๅ…ฅใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œaiใ€ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹D้Ÿณ
09:21
diphthong. I'd. I'd go if I could. You would, or you had, you'd, you'd. The Y consonant
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใใ‚Œใฐ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ Yๅญ้Ÿณ
09:32
sound, the 'oo' as in 'boo', and the D sound. You'd, all one syllable. You'd like it. She
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ใ€ใ€Œbooใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œooใ€ใ€D้Ÿณใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ1้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณ
09:39
had, or would, and he had, or would, again, the apostrophe D simply adds the D sound at
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ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏใพใŸใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ ๅ˜ใซ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใซD้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹
09:46
the end of the syllable. She'd, he'd. She'd been there before. He'd been there before.
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ๅ‰ใซใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅ‰ใซใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:55
It. Now, when you add the apostrophe D here, it'd, it'd, you change the T to a D sound,
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ใใ‚Œใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€TใŒDใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•
10:02
and the apostrophe D adds a syllable. It's going to be the schwa and the D sound. It'd,
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ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใŒ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใจDใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ ใ€
10:09
it'd. So that 's the 'ih' as in 'sit' sound, ih, dud. The D - schwa - D sound. It'd, it'd,
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ใใ†ใ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œsitใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œihใ€ ใงใ™ใ€‚ D-ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏ-Dใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
10:22
it'd be nice. The apostrophe D with the word 'we', again, is just simply the D sound at
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œweใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒไป˜ใ„ใŸใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃD ใฏ
10:29
the end of that word, not adding a syllable. We'd. We'd. It's pronounced just like this
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ใ€้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ˜ใซใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹D้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ตๅฉšใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€Œ้›‘่‰ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ
10:36
word 'weed'. We'd better get going. The D with they, again, simply adds the D sound.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใจไธ€็ท’ใฎDใฏใ€ๅ†ใณใ€ๅ˜ใซDใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:44
They'd, they'd. They'd seen it twice before. The apostrophe D on the word how again just
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไบŒๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃD
10:52
adds the D sound. How'd, how'd, how'd. How'd it go? The apostrophe D can also represent
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ใฏใ€Dใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใฏ
11:00
the word 'did' as in the following two examples. Again with the word 'where', when you add
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ใ€ๆฌกใฎ2ใคใฎไพ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œdidใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่กจใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œwhereใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
11:06
the apostrophe D, you simply add the D sound at the end. Where'd, where'd, where'd it go?
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃDใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซDใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ“ใซใ€ใฉใ“ใซใ€ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใฎ๏ผŸ
11:14
Why did, why'd. Why'd. Again just adds a D sound, and it's pronounced just like this
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ใชใœใ—ใŸใฎใ‹ใ€ใชใœใ—ใŸใฎใ‹ใ€‚ ใชใœใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚D ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€ใ“ใฎ
11:22
word 'wide'. Why'd. Why'd you do it?
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ€Œใƒฏใ‚คใƒ‰ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใงใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
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