Present Simple and Present Continuous Tenses - 5 Levels of Difficulty

5个级别 — 现在简单式和进行式

Hi, I’m Liam.

嗨，我是Liam。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到Oxford Online English!

In this lesson, you can learn about using the present simple and present continuous

在本节课中，您能学到现在简单式 和现在进行式

verb forms.

的动词时态。

You’ll see many different ways to use these verb tenses, from basic meanings to more advanced

您会看到使用这些动词时态的不同方式， 从基本含义到更多的

uses.

高级使用。

A question for you: do you want to watch this video with subtitles?

有一个问题：您想看这部视频的字幕吗？

You can – it’s easy!

您可以看—很简单！

Turn them on now by clicking the ‘CC’ icon in the bottom right.

现在，点击播放器底部右侧的 “CC”图标，打开他们。

Or, on your phone, use the settings icon at the top of the video player.

或者，在您的手机上，用视频播放器顶部的 设定图标来打开他们。

Here’s how this lesson works.

下面是这节课的内容。

There are five levels.

有五种级别。

Each level is more difficult than the previous one.

每一个级别都比上一个要更难。

Level one is beginner.

第一级是初级。

Levels two to four are intermediate.

第二级到第四级是中级。

Level five is high intermediate to advanced.

第五级是中高级到高级。

If you’re not a beginner, start at level two!

如果您不是一个初学者，从第二级开始！

At each level, you can see what you need to focus on if you have difficulties.

在每一个级别，您可以看到如果有难度时， 您需要着重什么东西。

Ready?

准备好了吗？

Let’s start!

我们开始吧！

You’ll see five sentences which use the present simple or present continuous.

您会看到五个用了现在简单式 或现在进行式时态的句子。

You need to complete each sentence with one word.

每一个句子，您需要用一个单词去完成它。

The verb you need to use is given at the end of the sentence.

您要用的动词已经在句末给出了。

Here are your sentences.

这些是那些句子。

Pause the video and think about your answers.

暂停视屏，考虑您的答案。

Ready?

可以了吗？

Let’s look.

我们来看看。

What do you need to know here?

这里，您需要知道什么？

You need to know how to form the present simple and present continuous.

您需要知道怎样造现在简单式和现在进行式句子。

For example, you need to know rules like: add ‘s’ to the verb in the present simple

例如，您需要知道规则： 像是在现在简单式里，在“he”、“she”

after ‘he’, ‘she’ or ‘it’.

或"it"后面，给动词加“S”。

You need to know that you make the present continuous with the verb ‘be’ plus an

您需要知道用动词“be”加 一个ING的方式

-ing verb.

来做现在进行式。

You should also know how to make negatives and questions with these two tenses.

您也必须知道怎样用这两种时态 来造否定句和疑问句。

Easy?

容易吗？

Maybe, but even advanced English learners sometimes make mistakes with these points.

也许，但是更高级的英语学习者 也会在这几点上犯错。

Practise them carefully so you don’t form bad habits!

小心地练习他们，这样您不会养成坏习惯！

In this section, you need to choose the correct form in each sentence.

在这个单元，在每一个句子里， 您要选择正确的形式。

Look at your questions.

看下您的问题。

Pause the video and find your answers.

暂停视频，找到您的答案。

Did you do it?

您做好了吗？

Let’s check.

我们检查一下。

Here, you need to think about the meaning of these two verb forms.

这，您需要考虑这两种动词形式的意思。

Use the present simple for habits or things you do regularly, like in sentence one.

现在简单式用于描述您的习惯 或经常做的事情，像是第一个句子。

Use the present continuous for things which are happening right now, like in sentence

现在进行式用于描述那些现在 正在发生的事情，

two.

像是第二个句子。

You also use the present continuous for things which are unfinished, like in sentence three.

您也用现在进行式来描述那些没有 完成的事情，像是第三个句子。

For facts and things which are generally true, use the present simple, like in sentence four.

对于那些事实和通常是真的事情， 用现在简单式，像是第四个句子。

If you’re describing a photo or a picture, and want to say what’s happening, use the

如果您在描述一张照片或一个画面， 想说发生了什么事，使用

present continuous, like in sentence five.

现在进行式，像是第五个句子。

If you understand these ideas, you’ll be able to use the present simple and the present

如果您理解了这些， 您就能在每天要用的句子里用上

continuous in many everyday sentences.

现在简单式和现在进行式。

However, there are many more things you need to know to use these verb forms well.

然而，要用好这些动词形式， 有很多事情您需要知道。

Here, we have a different challenge for you.

这，我们有一个对您来说不同的挑战。

Some of these sentences are correct; some are incorrect.

这些句子，有一些是正确的， 有一些是错的。

Your job is to find the correct sentences, and correct the mistakes in the others.

您的工作就是找出正确的句子， 改正其他句子里的错误。

Pause the video and do it now.

暂停视频，现在开始做。

What do you think?

您觉得怎样？

How many correct sentences do you think there are?

您觉得有多少句是正确的？

Could you correct the mistakes in the others?

您改正了其他句子里的错误了吗？

Let’s look together.

我们来看看。

Sentences two and five are correct; the others all have mistakes.

第二句和第五句是正确的； 其他的有错误。

Now, you can see the mistakes, and the corrections.

现在，您可以看下错误和修正。

Can you explain the problems with sentences one, three and four?

您能解释第一、三、四句的问题吗？

Why are they wrong?

为什么他们是错的？

Verbs of sensing, like ‘smell’, ‘see’ or ‘hear’ are not generally used in the

感官动词，像是“smell”、“see”或“hear”不常用在

present continuous.

现在进行式。

In sentence one, even though you’re talking about something which is just true now, you

在第一句，即使您现在在谈论 某事是真实的，您使用现在简单式

use the present simple because you’re using a verb of sensing – ‘smell’.

因为您在使用一个感官动词—“smell”。

Sentence two is correct.

第二句是正确的。

Use the present continuous to talk about arrangements in the future.

使用现在进行式去谈论未来的安排。

This is common for talking about social plans.

这是谈论社会规划所常见的。

You can also use the present simple to talk about the future, like in sentence three.

您也能用现在简单式来谈论未来， 像是第三句。

Do you know why you use the present simple here?

您知道为什么在这使用现在简单式？

Use the present simple to talk about future events which follow a timetable.

使用现在简单式来谈论 有一个时间表的未来事件。

This includes things like trains, planes, meetings, appointments and lessons.

这包括像是火车、飞机、会议、 预约和课程等事情。

Verbs of thinking or speaking, like ‘promise’, aren’t generally used in the present continuous.

思想动词和言语动词，像是“promise”， 并不常用在现在进行式。

Can you think of other verbs like this?

您能想想类似这样的其他动词吗？

There are many, but ‘know’, ‘realise’, ‘remember’, ‘admit’ and ‘state’

有很多，但是“know”、“realise”、 “remember”、“admit”和“state”

are almost always used in the present simple, even if you’re talking about something which

几乎总是使用现在简单式， 甚至是您在谈论某事现在

is happening now.

正在发生时。

In general, you can divide verbs into two types: *action* verbs and *state* verbs.

通常来说，您能把动词分为两种类型： *动作*动词和 *状态*动词。

Action verbs, like ‘run’, ‘do’ or ‘cook’, can be either simple or continuous.

动作动词，像是“run”、“do”或“cook”，可以是简单式或进行式。

State verbs, like ‘be’, ‘know’ or ‘love’, cannot normally be used in the

状态动词，像是“be”、“know”或“love”， 通常不能用在

present continuous.

现在进行式。

There are exceptions to this, but it’s a useful general rule to remember.

这点有一些例外，但是这是 对记忆有用的一般规则。

Finally, in sentence five, can you explain why you need to use the present continuous?

最后，在第五句，您能解释 为什么您需要用现在进行式吗？

Use the present continuous to describe changing situations, or to talk about trends.

用现在进行式来描述改变环境、 或谈论趋势。

This is useful if you need to talk about statistics; for example ‘sales are falling by an average

如果您要谈论统计，这是有用的； 例如“sales are falling by an average

of 2% annually.’

of 2% annually.”

There’s a lot of information in this video.

在这个视频里有大量的信息。

Remember that you can always review a section if you need to!

记住如果有需要，您总是能复习一个单元！

Or, take a break and come back later.

或者，休息一下，稍候回来。

Now, let’s move on to level four.

现在，我们进入第四级。

Level four is a little different again.

第四级又有一点不同。

Look at your sentences.

看看您的句子。

This time, you have two jobs.

这次，您有两件事要做。

First, are both forms possible?

首先，两种形式是可能的吗？

In some sentences, you can use either the present simple or the continuous.

在某些句子里，现在简单式或 现在进行式两种您都能用。

In at least one sentence, you can’t use both.

在最后一个句子，您不能使用两种形式。

Where can you – or can’t you – use both forms?

哪您可以 – 或不可以 – 使用两种形式？

Secondly, where you *can* use both forms, is there a difference in meaning?

其次，哪您 *能* 用两种形式， 在意思上有什么区别吗？

If so, can you explain it?

如果是这样，您怎样解释？

Pause the video and think about these questions now.

现在暂停视频，并考虑这些问题。

Take your time!

慢慢来！

Ready?

可以了吗？

Let’s check.

我们检查一下。

In sentence one, both forms are possible.

在第一句，用两种形式是可能的。

Using the present simple suggests that this is a permanent situation.

使用现在简单式意味着 这是一个长期状态。

She works there because this is her long-term job, and she’ll probably continue to work

她在那工作因为这是一份长期工作， 她可能会继续在那

there.

工作。

Using the present continuous suggests that this is something temporary.

使用现在进行式意味着 这是临时的事情。

She’s working there for a short time, and she’ll probably be working somewhere else

她在这短期工作， 她不久可能会在

soon.

某个地方工作。

In sentence two, both forms are also possible.

在第二句里，用两种形式是可能的。

Using the present continuous expresses that you find this habit annoying or strange.

使用现在进行式表达了 您发现这种习惯令人讨厌或奇怪。

You can do this with adverbs like ‘always’ or ‘constantly’.

您可以用像是“always”或 “constantly”的副词来做这个。

The adverb is necessary!

副词是必须的。

You can *only* use the present continuous to talk about a habit if you use an adverb,

如果您用一个副词，您*仅仅*能用 现在进行式来谈论一个习惯。

like ‘always’.

像是“always”。

Using the present simple here is neutral.

在这使用现在简单式是中性的。

It doesn’t add any extra meaning.

没有增加任何其他的额外意思。

It just expresses that he has this habit.

仅表达他有这个习惯。

In sentence three, using the continuous expresses that you’re just starting to understand

在第三句，使用现在进行式来表达 您刚开始去理解

this idea.

这个想法。

In level three, you saw that verbs of thinking, like ‘realise’, aren’t generally used

在第三级，您看到了思想动词， 像是“realise”，不常用

in the present continuous.

在现在进行式。

That’s true, but there’s an important exception.

就是这样，但这是一个重要的例外。

Use the present continuous to express feelings which you are just starting to be aware of.

使用现在进行式来表达 您刚开始意识到的感觉。

When a feeling is coming to you, and you’re still processing your thoughts, you can use

当您感觉到什么， 您仍然在消化您的想法，您可以使用

the present continuous to talk about it.

现在进行式去谈论它。

Here, it means that you’ve just started to understand that he’s been lying to you,

这，意思是您刚开始 明白他骗了您。

or you’ve recently found out that he’s dishonest.

或者您最近发现他不诚实。

You’re still processing those thoughts.

您仍然在消化那些想法。

Using the present simple suggests that this is not a new feeling.

使用现在简单式意味着 这不是一个新的感觉。

It suggests that you understood that you were wrong to trust him some time ago.

而是意味着您明白您 前一段时间错信了他。

Sentence four is similar to sentence one.

第四句和第一句相似。

Both forms are possible; using the present simple suggests that this is a more permanent

两种形式是可能的；使用现在简单式 意味着这是一个很长久的情况，

situation, while using the present continuous suggests something more temporary.

当使用现在进行式意味着 某些事是很暂时的。

For example, if they’ve only just started playing tennis, and they’re both really

例如，如果他们才刚开始玩网球， 他们两个真的是

lazy and you’re sure they’ll give up soon, then you’d probably use the continuous here.

很懒，您确定他们会很快放弃， 那么这儿您可能使用现在进行式。

But, if they’ve been playing tennis on Fridays for years, and you know they’re both really

但是，如果他们在周五玩网球几年了， 您知道他们两个真的

enthusiastic about it and are likely to continue for a long time, then you’d use the present

很热衷这个，像是要 长期持续，然后您使用

simple.

现在简单式。

Sentence five is different.

第五句是不同的。

Why?

为什么？

Because there isn’t a difference in meaning.

因为有不同的意思。

There’s another point: while it’s possible to say ‘My English gets better year after

有另一点：当有可能说 “My English gets better year after

year,’ using the continuous sounds better.

year,”使用进行式看上去更好。

You’re talking about a changing situation – like you saw in level three – and it’s

您在谈论一个在改变的环境 – 像是您在第三级看到的 – 在

more common to use the continuous in this case.

这个事例中更常用的是使用进行式。

Up to now, you’ve seen many different ways to use the present simple and continuous.

到现在为止，您看了很多不同的方式来 使用现在简单式和现在进行式。

Are you ready for the hardest challenge?

您准备好更难的挑战了吗？

Here are your sentences.

这是您的句子。

Your task is simple: put the verbs into either the present simple or the present continuous.

您的任务是简单的：把动词放进去， 无论是现在简单式或现在进行式。

You know what to do!

您知道做什么了！

Pause the video and find your answers.

暂停视屏找您的答案。

Ready?

可以了吗？

Let’s see how you did.

我们看看您怎样做的。

Did you get them all right?

您已经理解他们了，对吗？

If so, great job!

如果是这样，那太棒了。

If not, don’t worry.

如果还没，不用担心。

These sentences test some more difficult and specialised uses of the present simple and

这些句子测试现在简单式和 现在进行式一些更难的和

continuous.

特别的用法。

In sentence one, do you know why you use the present simple?

在第一句，您知道为什么您用 现在简单式吗？

A question: what is this sentence?

一个问题：这个句子是什么？

Who’s saying it?

谁在说？

This sentence sounds like live commentary on a football match.

这个句子看上去像是一场足球比赛的 直播评论。

When commenting on live events, it’s common to use the present simple, even for things

当评论直播事件时，常用现在简单式， 即使是那些

which are happening right now, when you would usually expect to hear the continuous.

现在正在发生的事情，当您通常 期望听到的是进行式。

In sentence two, did you think it might be correct to use the continuous?

在第二句，您觉得用进行式 可能是正确的。

The first part of the sentence – ‘he never listens’ – sounds like an annoying habit.

句子的第一部分 – “他从来不听” – 看上去像是一个令人讨厌的习惯。

You saw in level four that you can use the continuous to talk about strange or annoying

您在第四级看到您可以使用 进行式来谈论奇怪或

habits.

令人讨厌的习惯。

But, you can’t use it here.

但是，您不能在这用。

Why not?

为什么不？

It’s because you can only use the present continuous in this way with specific adverbs

那是因为您只能用这个方式搭配 特定副词使用现在进行式

– ‘always’ is the most common – and you can’t do this with ‘never’.

– “always”是最常用的 – 您不能用"never"这样做。

In sentence three, you can use present tenses to tell a story, especially in informal conversation.

在第三句，您可以使用现在时态来 讲一个故事，特别是在一个非正式对话里。

In most cases, you’d use past tenses to tell a story, but you can also move the past

在最多的事例中，您使用过去时态来 讲一个故事，但是您也能从过去

tenses into the present: past continuous becomes present continuous, past simple becomes present

时态移到现在时态：过去进行式变成 现在进行式，过去简单式变成

simple, and so on.

现在简单式，类似这样。

This can make your story sound more vivid, as if it’s taking place now.

当如果是现在发生的话， 这会让您的故事听上去更生动。

For sentence four, where do you think this sentence comes from?

对于第四句，您觉得句子来自哪？

Notice the capital letters, and the fact that it doesn’t have a full stop at the end.

注意大写字体，以及一个在末尾没有 完全结束的事实。

It’s a newspaper headline.

那是一个新闻标题。

Headlines are written in a specific style, and often use the present simple to talk about

标题是用一种特定格式写的， 经常用现在简单式来谈论

events in the recent past.

刚刚发生的事件。

What about sentence five?

那第五句怎样呢？

Can you explain what’s going on here?

您可以解释一下这发生了什么嘛？

The key here is that ‘see’ has different meanings.

这的关键是“see”有不同的意思。

The first ‘see’ means ‘understand’.

第一个“see“意思是”understand“。

This is a state verb, so it can’t be continuous.

这是一个状态动词，所以不能是进行式。

The second ‘see’ means ‘meet’ or ‘have a relationship with’.

第二个”see“意思是”meet“或 ”have a relationship with“。

It’s an action verb, so it can be continuous.

那是一个动作动词，所以可以是进行式。

There are other verbs like this, where there are multiple meanings, some of which are actions,

有像这样的其他动词，有多重含义， 有一些是动作，

and some of which are states.

有一些是状态。

Other common verbs like this are ‘have’, ‘think’, ‘expect’ or ‘look’.

其他常用的像这样的动词有“have”、 “think”、“expect”或“look”。

How did you do on this lesson?

觉得这节课怎样？

Which points did you find most difficult or confusing?

哪几点您觉得最困难或混淆了？

Let us know how you did in the comments, and what was most difficult for you!

请在评论里写一下您觉得这节课怎样， 对您来说，什么是最困难的！

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

下次见！