Do you make these mistakes in English?

329,418 views ใƒป 2019-04-12

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
00:01
I'm Rebecca from www.engvid.com.
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www.engvid.com ใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
In the past 30 years, I've worked with thousands of students from all over the world to help
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้ŽๅŽป 30 ๅนด้–“ใ€็งใฏไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไฝ•ๅƒไบบ ใ‚‚ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใจๅ”ๅŠ›
00:07
them improve their English communication skills.
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ใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใฎๅ‘ไธŠใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆดใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
00:10
In the past year, I've been researching the most important errors and the most common
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ใ“ใฎ 1 ๅนด้–“ใ€็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใŒ็Šฏใ™ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช่ชคใ‚Šใจๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่ชคใ‚Šใ‚’่ชฟๆŸปใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
00:16
errors made by English learners.
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ใ€‚
00:18
And what I've done is I've put all of this information together into a course.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใซใพใจใ‚ใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:23
It's called: "Correct Your English Errors in 10 Minutes a Day".
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ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œ1 ๆ—ฅ 10 ๅˆ†ใง่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ๆญฃใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:27
I'm very excited to tell you about this course, because I really think it's an easy, quick,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซ ใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใง่ฟ…้€Ÿใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ ใจๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€ใฃใฆ
00:32
fast way for you to improve your English and take it to a higher level.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:37
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:38
But first what I want to do is tell you: What are the points you have to keep in mind when
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅฟƒใซ็•™ใ‚ใฆใŠใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใฏไฝ•
00:44
you are trying to improve your English?
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃ
00:47
What do you need to know about correcting your errors?
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใฏไฝ• ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:50
So, let me share a little bit of my results from my research so it can help you.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ็ ”็ฉถใฎ็ตๆžœใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:56
And then we will look at specific types of errors, and do a little quiz to see where
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ๆฌกใซใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ ใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ใกไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่กŒใ„
01:01
you stand. Okay?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:03
Let's get started.
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:04
So, first, when you're correcting your English, really, you can do two things.
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ใพใšใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:09
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
01:10
When you're improving your English, you can do two things; you can learn what's right
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใงใใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใฏ 2 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใ€
01:13
or correct what's wrong.
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ไฝ•ใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Now we're talking about this area where we correct what's wrong.
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ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ไฝ•ใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎ้ ˜ๅŸŸใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
01:18
So, in order to correct what's wrong, what do you need to do?
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ใงใฏใ€ไฝ•ใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
01:22
First, you need to know what's wrong.
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ใพใšใ€ ไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:25
So, when I get an essay or I get an email to correct, what's the problem?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใŸใ‚Š ใ€ๆทปๅ‰Šใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
01:32
It's not that the person was trying to make mistakes.
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ใใฎไบบใŒ้Žใกใ‚’็Šฏใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
01:35
They weren't trying to make mistakes; they're trying to do their best.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœ€ๅ–„ใ‚’ๅฐฝใใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:37
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
01:38
That's what you do.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:39
Every time you write or every time you speak, but you didn't know that something was wrong.
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ๆ›ธใใŸใณใซใ€่ฉฑใ™ใŸใณใซ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใŒใคใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:43
So, first you have to know what's wrong.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใš ไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:46
Then you have to understand why it's wrong.
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ๆฌกใซ ใ€ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:50
Why is it this word and not that word?
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ใชใœ ใ‚ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:53
Why is it this verb tense and not that verb tense?
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ใชใœๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถ ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
01:55
And so on and so forth. Okay?
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ใชใฉใชใฉใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:58
Then you have to learn how to fix it. Okay?
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:01
Is it a spelling change?
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ใ‚นใƒšใƒซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:02
It is a punctuation error?
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ๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:04
What kind of mistake is it?
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ใฉใ‚“ใช้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:05
That's what we're going to be looking at - the types of mistakes.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ - ้–“้•ใ„ใฎ็จฎ้กžใ€‚
02:09
Because once you understand and correct a type of mistake, you will correct lots of
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใซ ๅคšใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
02:14
mistakes all at once. Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:18
And that's what I want you to do; to make quick progress, fast progress.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฟ…้€Ÿใช้€ฒๆญฉใ€่ฟ…้€Ÿใช้€ฒๆญฉใ‚’้‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
02:21
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:23
Then what you need to do, which many students do, is to practice it immediately.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅคšใใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใŒ่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ™ใใซๅฎŸ่ทตใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:28
So, for example, if I teach you something in this lesson or in any one of my engVid
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใพใŸใฏ engVid ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
02:33
lessons, after you watch it, what you need to do is to practice something with that immediately.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸๅพŒใ€ใ™ใใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:39
That's why we usually have a quiz-right?-so that you can go there right away, do some
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ ่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใ™ใใซใใ“ใซ่กŒใ‘ใ‚‹
02:44
more practice to put that information really into your head; and not just to put it passively
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้ ญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็ทด็ฟ’ใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ใซใใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
02:50
there, but to use it.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:51
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
02:52
To use whatever you've learned in a practical way.
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ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฎŸ่ทตใซๆดปใ‹ใ™ใ€‚
02:55
So, you need to practice it immediately, but sometimes that's where students stop.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ™ใใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒ้€”ไธญใงใ‚„ใ‚ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
They practice it right away, and then they don't touch it after that, and they think:
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ™ใใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅพŒ ใฏ่งฆใ‚Œใšใ€
03:07
"I did it. I know it", but not quite.
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ใ€Œใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:10
So, what's also very, very important in terms of our brain, in terms of how we learn, in
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎ่„ณใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’
03:16
terms of how we remember is this point, here: That you need to review it frequently.
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€่จ˜ๆ†ถๆ–นๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็‚น ใงใ™ใ€‚้ ป็นใซๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:25
Review anything that you learn often; otherwise, it's not going to stay with you.
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ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
03:30
So, for example, in my course, what we have are we have daily quizzes, we have weekly
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใ€ ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใฎๅฐใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€ๆฏŽ้€ฑใฎ
03:36
tests, we have monthly reviews with the same material.
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ•™ๆใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ๆฏŽๆœˆใฎๅพฉ็ฟ’ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:41
So that after a while, you say: "Of course I know that.
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ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:43
I know how...
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ใ€‚ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™...
03:44
The difference between 'it's' and 'its'.
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'it's' ใจ 'its'
03:46
I know the difference between 'affect' and 'effect'.
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ใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚'affect' ใจ 'effect' ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:49
That's not a problem", because you've reviewed it.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ " ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
If you don't review it, then it's going to drop away.
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่ฆ‹็›ดใ•ใชใ„ ใจใฉใ‚“ใฉใ‚“่ฝใกใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:56
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:57
So this is an essential part of brain-based learning, of very smart learning.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่„ณใซๅŸบใฅใ ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ€้žๅธธใซใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใชๅญฆ็ฟ’ใฎไธๅฏๆฌ ใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:02
Not just hard learning, but smart learning.
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ใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใชๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ ใ‘ใง ใชใใ€ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใชๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ€‚
04:06
And then you need to know what's important.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใŒ้‡่ฆใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:09
So, let's say you get back your essay and there are twenty corrections.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€ 20 ใฎ่จ‚ๆญฃใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:14
So, are they all equally important? No.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ็ญ‰ใ—ใ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆ
04:19
Some are critical.
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ใ€‚้‡่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
If you make some mistakes, you can get very low marks on your IELTS or TOEFL, you could
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้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ ็Šฏใ™ใจใ€IELTS ใ‚„ TOEFL ใฎ
04:27
lose a job possibility-right?-you could have a very low grade in university.
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็‚นๆ•ฐใŒ้žๅธธใซไฝŽใใชใ‚Šใ€่ทใ‚’ๅคฑใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅคงๅญฆใงใฎๆˆ็ธพใŒ้žๅธธใซไฝŽใใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
But some other mistakes are not so serious; they're very advanced kind of technical mistakes
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไป–ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆทฑๅˆปใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใƒŸใ‚น
04:39
that even English learners might make.
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชž ๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใงใ•ใˆ็Šฏใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:41
Those are not as serious.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆทฑๅˆปใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:43
But if you make basic mistakes with verb tenses, if you forget to use a verb, or something
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใงๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ— ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ
04:48
like that, if you don't use an article - then those mistakes are more fundamental and more
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ๅ† ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใชใฉใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ นๆœฌ็š„ใง
04:53
serious.
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ๆทฑๅˆปใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:54
And that's what I made sure is in the course and also what I'm going to tell you about
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใง็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไปŠ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:59
right now.
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.
05:00
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:01
So, let's do that.
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ใงใฏใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:02
Okay, so let's go through these common mistakes.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:04
Number one: "Everyone is here" or "Everyone are here"?
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1ไฝ๏ผšใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ‹ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€๏ผŸ
05:11
What's correct?
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ไฝ•ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:13
This is a question of subject-verb agreement.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธ€่‡ดใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
05:16
So, what do you think it is?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:20
It should be: "Everyone is here." Okay?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ ใฟใ‚“ใชใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:25
"Everyone", "someone", "anyone", "no one" - these are all singular, and that's something
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ใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€ - ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็‰น็•ฐใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
05:33
that is always true.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™.
05:35
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:36
So, it's something that once you learn that, you know that you can apply it always.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไธ€ๅบฆๅญฆในใฐใ€ ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚้ฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:39
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:40
Here we go.
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ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
05:41
Number two - this is a preposition error: "I've lived here since two years" or "I've
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2 ็•ช็›ฎ - ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎ่ชคใ‚Šใงใ™: "I've live here since two years" ใพใŸใฏ "I've
05:48
lived here for two years"?
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live here for two years"?
05:50
Which is correct?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„๏ผŸ
05:52
Do you know?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:56
It should be: "I've lived here for two years."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ ใ“ใ“ใซ2ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:05
Do you know why?
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ใชใœใชใฎใ‹ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
06:06
Remember I said it's not only important to know that it's wrong; it's important to know
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ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใŒ้‡่ฆใงใฏใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆ
06:10
why it's wrong.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:11
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:12
And the reason why is because we use "for" plus the period of time; how long.
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ใใฎ็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ใ€Œforใ€ใจใ€ŒๆœŸ้–“ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎ้–“ใ€‚
06:19
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:20
For how long?
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ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎๆ™‚้–“๏ผŸ
06:21
For two years.
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2ๅนด้–“ใ€‚
06:22
And we use "since" from the point in time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎๆ™‚็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œsinceใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:25
So, let's suppose it's 2010 now.
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠใŒ 2010 ๅนดใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:28
It's not, but let's suppose it was 2010 now, then we can say: "Since 2008", two years before that.
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ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไปŠใŒ 2010 ๅนดใ ใฃใŸใจไปฎๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œ2008 ๅนดไปฅๆฅใ€ใ€ใใฎ 2 ๅนดๅ‰ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:36
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:37
But "for" plus the period of time, so that's a kind of an error that, once you understand
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œforใ€ใซๆœŸ้–“ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธ€ๅบฆ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹
06:43
it, it will be much easier to apply, and especially once you practice it.
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ใจใ€็‰นใซๅฎŸ่ทตใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ้ฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:47
Next, number three - this is a mistake in verb tenses, potentially: "We visited Niagara
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ๆฌกใซ 3 ็•ช็›ฎ - ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅ‹•่ฉžๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ขใ‚ฌใƒฉใฎๆปใ‚’่จชใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ขใ‚ฌใƒฉใฎๆปใ‚’่จชใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
06:55
Falls yesterday" or "We have visited Niagara Falls yesterday"?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:00
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:01
So, here we have the simple past, here we have present perfect.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
Which is correct in this sentence, or are both correct?
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ใ“ใฎ ๆ–‡ใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:12
Well, it should be: "We visited Niagara falls yesterday."
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ขใ‚ฌใƒฉใฎๆปใ‚’่จชใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:21
Why?
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ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ
07:22
Why can't we use the other one?
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ใชใœไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:25
Because we have the word, here: "yesterday".
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:28
"Yesterday" is a finished time.
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใฏ็ต‚ไบ†ๆ™‚ๅˆปใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใซ
07:31
Once you have a finished time that's mentioned in the sentence, then we can only use the
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่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ต‚ไบ†ๆ™‚ๅˆปใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ ใ€
07:36
simple past or past simple; we can't use present perfect.
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ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปใพใŸใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปใฎใฟใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฏไฝฟใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:40
We can use present perfect if no time is mentioned.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ่จ€ๅŠใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
If it only said: "We have visited Niagara Falls" or otherwise not.
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ใ€ŒใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ขใ‚ฌใƒฉใฎๆปใ‚’่จชใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ—ใ‹่จ€ใ‚ ใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
07:51
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:52
Or if you want to say: "this week".
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ใพใŸใฏ ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠ้€ฑใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
07:53
We can use it with a time that's not finished.
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ๆœชๅฎŒๆˆใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:55
"We have visited Niagara Falls this summer", "We have visited this week", "this month",
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ใ€ŒไปŠๅนดใฎๅคใซใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ขใ‚ฌใƒฉใฎๆปใ‚’่จชใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€ ใ€ŒไปŠ้€ฑ่จชใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๆœˆใ€ใ€
08:02
"this year".
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ใ€ŒไปŠๅนดใ€ใ€‚
08:03
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:04
A time that's not finished we can mention.
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ใพใ  ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:06
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:07
Next, this is a question of word order: "He arrived at 7:00 at the airport" or "He arrived
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ๆฌกใซใ€่ชž้ †ใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๅฝผ
08:16
at the airport at 7:00"?
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ใฏ็ฉบๆธฏใซ 7:00 ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏ 7:00 ใซ็ฉบๆธฏใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€?
08:19
And you're saying: "It doesn't matter.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผš ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏ
08:21
I don't care."
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ใชใ„ใ€‚็งใฏๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใ€
08:22
I know, I know.
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ๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚
08:23
But in English, it does matter.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:25
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:26
So, is there a rule you can follow here?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ“ใซๅพ“ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹่ฆๅ‰‡ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:29
There is.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
08:30
So, which one, first of all, do you think is right?
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ใงใฏใ€ใพใšใฉใกใ‚‰ ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:33
So, the correct one is: "He arrived at the airport at 7:00", and this is wrong.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏ 7:00 ใซ็ฉบๆธฏใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชคใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
08:46
And why?
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ใชใœ๏ผŸ
08:47
Again, the principle.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:48
The principle is that we have to mention place before time.
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ๅŽŸๅ‰‡ใฏใ€ ๆ™‚้–“ใฎๅ‰ใซๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’่จ€ๅŠใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:56
"I arrived at the party at 7:00", "I arrived at the airport at 7:00", "I arrived at the
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ7ๆ™‚ใซใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ็€ใ ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ7ๆ™‚ใซ็ฉบๆธฏใซ็€ใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ7ๆ™‚ใซไผš็คพใซ็€ใใพใ—ใŸ
09:02
office at 7:00", okay?
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ใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:04
And not the other way around.
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎ้€†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:05
So, once you understand the principle, you'll be able to apply it when you're speaking and
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅŽŸ็†ใ‚’็†่งฃ ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ‚‚ๆ›ธใใจใใ‚‚้ฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
09:10
when you're writing.
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ใ€‚
09:11
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:13
Number five, this is a question of comparative adjectives: "The weather is better today"
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5 ็•ช็›ฎใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฏ”่ผƒ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคฉๆฐ—ใŒ่‰ฏใ„
09:21
or "The weather is more better today"?
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ใ€ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคฉๆฐ—ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
09:25
Which is right, or are both right?
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ไธกๆ–นๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:29
Both are definitely not right in this case; and in fact, one of them is always wrong.
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใฏๅธธใซ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:35
Which one is always wrong?
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œ๏ผŸ
09:38
This one.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
09:41
This is the only correct option.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„้ธๆŠž่‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
09:42
So, if you ever hear anyone saying: "more better", it's always wrong.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:49
And that's because that's the only form.
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ใใ‚Œ ใŒๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅฝขใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:51
You have "good", "better", and "the best".
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ใ€Œ่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ ใ€ใ€Œๆœ€้ซ˜ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:53
There is nothing else.
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ไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:54
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:55
So, some of these you learn by just knowing that there is never a case, there are no rules
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏ ใ€ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใŒๆฑบใ—ใฆใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงๅญฆใณ
10:01
that sometimes you use this one and sometimes you use that one - no.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่ฆๅ‰‡ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“-ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
10:04
That's the only option.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
10:05
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:06
Now let's look at five more from my course.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€็งใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ 5 ใค่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:08
All right, let's do number six.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€6็•ชใซใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
10:11
So, here, we are talking about a car.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ่ปŠใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
10:13
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:15
And let's look at this mistake.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:16
This is a mistake in writing.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ›ธใ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:19
The first one: "It's tires need to be changed" or "Its tires need to be changed"?
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎ๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒคใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒคใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€๏ผŸ
10:27
So, here we have "it's" and here we just have "its".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€Œit'sใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€Œitsใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:34
So, which is correct?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:36
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:37
Got it?
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ใจใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:39
So, it is this one, without the apostrophe, and this one is wrong because this: "it's"
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใชใ—ใง ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œit'sใ€
10:52
is short for what?
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ใฏไฝ•ใฎ็•ฅใงใ™ใ‹?
10:54
Short for: "It is tires need to be changed."
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็•ฅใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒคไบคๆ› ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:57
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใ€Œitใ€
10:58
We want to use the possessive form of "it", which is "its" with no apostrophe.
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ใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใชใ—ใฎใ€Œitsใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:05
This is different from lots of other words, okay?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
11:07
So: "Its tires need to be changed."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒคใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
11:10
So, this is an example of a homophone.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:11
These are words which...
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ...
11:14
Words which sound the same, but their meaning and their spelling is often different.
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ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใจ็ถดใ‚ŠใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:18
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:19
There are many of these, and these can cause a lot of confusion, and they are responsible
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅคšๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
11:24
for lots of mistakes in writing.
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ใ€ๆ›ธใ่พผใฟใฎๅคšใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
11:26
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:28
The next one is an example of word choice; incorrect word choice.
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ๆฌกใฏๅ˜่ชž ้ธๆŠžใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้–“้•ใฃใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้ธๆŠžใ€‚
11:33
For example: "We won the other team" or "We beat the other team"?
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ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œไป–ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใŸ ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไป–ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใŸใ€๏ผŸ
11:39
Which is it?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:41
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:43
You got it?
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ไบ†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ
11:44
Okay, I'm going to write the answer now.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠใ‹ใ‚‰็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:47
Ready?
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ
11:48
"We...
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ใ€Œ็ง
11:49
We beat the other team", not: "We won the other team".
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ใŸใกใฏไป–ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ€Œไป–ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
11:56
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:57
Although people might say that, but that's not right.
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ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:59
So, you beat the other side, the other player, your opponent, and so on; but you win the
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅๅฏพๅดใ€ไป–ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒคใƒผ ใ€ๅฏพๆˆฆ็›ธๆ‰‹ใชใฉใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก่ฒ ใ‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
12:07
game, you win the championship.
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ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใซๅ‹ใกใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ”ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใซๅ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:10
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:11
That's how you...
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™...
12:12
You win the match.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ฉฆๅˆใซๅ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:13
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:14
So, "win" is used with the game, or the match, or the championship; and you beat the other
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ‹ๅˆฉใ€ใฏใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ€่ฉฆๅˆใ€ ใพใŸใฏใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ”ใ‚ชใƒณใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅๅฏพๅดใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก่ฒ ใ‹ใ—ใพใ™
12:19
side.
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ใ€‚
12:20
So, there, it's an example of you had to choose the right word.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’้ธใฐใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:23
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:24
And you have to know that's more of a vocabulary issue.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ .
12:27
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
12:28
Number eight, we're talking about the correct word form.
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8 ็•ช็›ฎ ใฏใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„่ชžๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:32
So, you know, like every word, there is a family.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ† ใซใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:35
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
12:36
Every word has a family; there's a noun, there's a verb, there's an adjective, there's an adverb
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใฏๅฎถๆ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
12:39
usually, and sometimes people use the wrong one.
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้€šๅธธใ€ ไบบใ€…ใฏ้–“้•ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
12:42
So, let's figure out if you can get this one right.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
12:46
Number eight: "Can you advise me?", "Can you advice me?" or "Can you advices me?"
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8็•ช๏ผšใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
12:58
Which of those is correct?
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ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:01
Now you had a choice of three.
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ3ใคใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:03
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
13:04
So, it should be: "Can you advise me?"
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
13:13
Not "advice" and definitely not "advices".
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ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใงใฏ ใชใใ€้–“้•ใ„ใชใใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:16
Why did I say: "definitely not 'advices'"?
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ใชใœ็งใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผšใ€Œ้–“้•ใ„ ใชใใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€๏ผŸ
13:20
Because this word is just wrong; it doesn't exist.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:24
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:25
It's not part of the family.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฎถๆ—ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:27
It is...
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ใใ‚Œใฏ...
13:28
It doesn't exist.
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ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:29
This is just a mistake that people make.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:31
That is not the plural of "advice".
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ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:34
This is the noun: "advice", and even...
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใฏ... ใ€Œsใ€
13:38
You can't make it plural by adding "s"; it's a non-count noun.
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ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ้žๅฏ็ฎ—ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
13:42
So, here we wanted to use the verb, so the verb is "advise".
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸ ใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:47
I know it's written with an "s", but it's pronounced with a "z" sound.
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ใ€Œsใ€ใงๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œzใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
13:52
"Can you advise me?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
13:55
Good.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
13:56
Next, so this one is just confusing words, confusing grammar-okay?-let's call it.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ€ ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใงใ™-ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?-ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:03
"It's so a beautiful day" or "It's such a beautiful day"?
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ใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€?
14:12
What's right there?
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ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:15
It should be: "such a beautiful day", because after "such", we're looking for a noun or
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ใ€Œsuch a beautiful dayใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œsuchใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใฏใ€ๅ่ฉžใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹
14:25
we're looking for a noun phrase.
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ใ€ๅ่ฉžๅฅใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:27
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:28
And after "so", we're usually looking for an adjective or an adverb.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œsoใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใฏใ€้€šๅธธ ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:32
So, we could say: "It's so beautiful today" or "It's such a beautiful day".
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:41
Again, each of these points you have to master.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ„ ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:44
I'll talk to you about that in a second.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ™ใใซใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:47
And the last one is just expressions that we use.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏ ใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
14:50
So, which of these expressions is correct: "Good evening.
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎ่กจ็พใฎใ†ใก ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€‚
14:55
How are you?" or "Good night.
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒใŠใ‚„ใ™ใฟใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:00
How are you?"
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
15:01
So, is there a difference between saying: "Good evening" and "Good night"?
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€ใจใ€ŒใŠใ‚„ใ™ใฟใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
15:07
In some languages, I believe it's not; there's no difference, but in English, there is a
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
15:12
difference.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:13
So, which is correct here?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:16
Got it?
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ใจใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
15:17
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
15:18
We should say: "Good evening.
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ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€‚
15:21
Good evening.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€‚
15:24
How are you?"
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
15:25
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
15:26
Because: "Good evening" is a greeting when we meet somebody.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€ใฏ ่ชฐใ‹ใซไผšใฃใŸใจใใฎๆŒจๆ‹ถใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:29
And we can use it.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
15:31
We can say: "Good morning.
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ใ€ŒใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:32
How are you?", "Good afternoon.
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
15:34
How are you?", "Good evening.
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€‚
15:36
How are you?"
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
15:38
But: "Good night" is only said when you're leaving and you're going away.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€ŒใŠใ‚„ใ™ใฟใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŽปใ‚‹ใจใใจใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŽปใ‚‹ใจใใ ใ‘่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™.
15:43
So, you're not going to say: "Good night", and then say to somebody: "How are you?" because
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€ŒใŠใ‚„ใ™ใฟใชใ•ใ„ใ€ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€ŒใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:46
it's, like, the end of the conversation.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:47
You can't say: "Bye.
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ใ€Œใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€
15:49
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใพใŸ
15:50
See you tomorrow.
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ
15:51
Good night."
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ใ€‚ใŠใ‚„ใ™ใฟใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:52
And you're not talking anymore; you're just going away after that.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใ†่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎๅพŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ ็ซ‹ใกๅŽปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:55
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
15:56
So, there's nothing else.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไป–ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:57
But: "Good evening" is when you arrive, and you say: "Good evening, everyone.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใŸใจใใซ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใฐใ‚“ใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
16:01
How are you?"
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16:02
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:03
And now you're going to start the evening; and here, you're ending it, so there's nothing
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคœใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ไบ†ใงใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
16:07
more to say.
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ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:08
But, again, that's something you have to learn.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใฐใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:10
And why is it important?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:12
Because, here, we've talked about just 10 kinds of errors, but actually there are many
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ 10 ็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅคšใใฎ
16:17
kinds of errors, and in my course we cover more than 100 of them, and the most important
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็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใงใฏ 100 ็จฎ้กžไปฅไธŠใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช
16:23
thing is we cover them only one by one.
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ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ 1 ใคใšใคใ‚ซใƒใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:26
Here, in case you didn't get them all immediately, it's because we did a lot in one time, and
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใ™ใใซๅ–ๅพ—ใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๅบฆใซๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œ
16:32
I understand that.
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ใฏ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
16:33
And maybe you understood them right now, but the question is: Will you remember them tomorrow?
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ไปŠใฏ็†่งฃใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:38
So, by doing...
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
16:39
By focusing on just one at a time, you can master it, and then you can review it at the
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ใง... ไธ€ๅบฆใซ1ใคใ ใ‘ใซ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใง็ฟ’ๅพ—ใงใ
16:46
end of the week, at the end of the month, at the end of the course, and so on.
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ใ€้€ฑๆœซใ€ ๆœˆๆœซใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใชใฉใซๅพฉ็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฎไธŠใ€‚
16:50
Also, I've particularly chosen those errors that are the most common, that are the most
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ใพใŸใ€็งใฏ็‰นใซ ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚
16:57
embarrassing, that will lead to misunderstanding - so if you use one word instead of the other,
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใใ€่ชค่งฃใซใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
17:04
people might misunderstand, they might get confused.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ่ชค่งฃใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๆททไนฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
17:07
"What does he...?
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏโ€ฆ๏ผŸ
17:08
What does he mean?
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ๅฝผใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
17:09
What is she saying?"
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
17:10
So those are the kinds of errors that I've chosen, and also these are the most serious errors.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒ้ธใ‚“ใ ็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡ๅคงใชใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:15
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
17:16
They make you look bad, or they make you get lower grades and things like that.
319
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่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใ‚’ๆ‚ชใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๆˆ็ธพใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:19
So, by focusing on them and by mastering them once and for all, then you're done; you've got it.
320
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:25
And your English will have improved so much, because little by little, you corrected all
321
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใชใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ‚’ใ™ในใฆไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅคงๅน…ใซๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™
17:30
the different types of errors that really matter. Okay?
322
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
17:34
So, if you'd like to know more-okay?-click on the link that's either below or above the
323
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฉณใ—ใ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใพใŸใฏไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏ
17:39
video, and I wish you all the best with your English.
324
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:42
Bye for now.
325
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700
ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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