How to use the SEMI-COLON in English writing

609,401 views ใƒป 2019-11-02

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid. Today you will learn a simple but very important way to improve
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ engVid ใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ› ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ€ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใ ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
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your English and to take it to a higher level. And that is because right now I'm going to
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไปŠใ€็งใŒใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎ่ฌŽใ‚’่งฃใๆ˜Žใ‹ใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:14
unlock the mystery of the semicolon for you. So, what is a semicolon? How do you use it?
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ใงใ™. ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:22
When do you use it? I'm going to explain all of that to you. And even if you've never used
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ใ„ใคไฝฟใ†ใฎ๏ผŸ ใใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ชฌๆ˜Ž ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใงใซไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใใฆใ‚‚
00:27
it by the end of this lesson, I'm sure you will start using it. Okay? So, let's get started.
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ใ€ใใฃใจ ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:33
So, first of all, what is a semicolon? A semicolon looks like this. Okay? It consists of a period
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ใงใฏใ€ใพใšใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใจใฏ๏ผŸ ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏใ“ใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใจใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใงๆง‹ๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใฆ
00:41
and a comma, and it's a little punctuation mark that makes a big difference in your academic
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅญฆๅ•็š„
00:48
and professional writing. All right? Now, if you start using this, and let's not say
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใซๅคงใใช้•ใ„ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ๅฐใ•ใชๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€
00:55
"if", let's say "when" you start using the semicolon, you will get higher grades in your
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œใ„ใคใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚„ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚„ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ๆˆ็ธพใ‚’ๅŽใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
01:03
assignments and tests and exams and essays. You will impress your employers and your boss
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€้›‡็”จไธปใ‚„ไธŠๅธใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒˆใซๅฅฝๅฐ่ฑกใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ
01:10
and your clients because you'll be writing better. And most important, you will come
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ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:16
across as a more educated, a more intelligent, and a more advanced thinking kind of person,
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ•™้คŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿฅ็š„ใง ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ€่€ƒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎไบบใจใ—ใฆ
01:25
which all of these advantages are advantages I'm sure you want to have. So, even if you've
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่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
01:31
never used a semicolon before, no worries, or if you've used it but you weren't sure
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ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณ ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†
01:37
if you were using it correctly or not, I'm going to explain to you exactly when we use
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ๆ–นใงใ‚‚ใ€ไฝฟใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–นใงใ‚‚ใ€
01:42
it, why we use it, and how we use it. And last, I'll explain to you how not to use it.
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ใใ‚Œใ€ใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
All right? Let's get started.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:51
So, the most important thing about the semicolon is that it links ideas. What is the difference
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็‚นใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’็ตใณไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:59
between using a period and using a semicolon? Well, a period divides ideas and sentences,
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ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใฎไฝฟ็”จใจใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎไฝฟ็”จใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใจๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒ
02:09
and a semicolon links or connects the ideas and thoughts and sentences. All right? That's
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ใ—ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ข ใจๆ€่€ƒใจๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใพใŸใฏๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:16
the most important purpose of the semicolon, to show that we have one sentence, then we
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ใŒใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็›ฎ็š„ใงใ™ ใ€‚1 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใซ
02:24
have a second sentence, but this second sentence is connected to, has some link to the first
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ ใฏๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใซไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—
02:31
sentence. And we show that by using a semicolon in the middle. So, let me show you some examples
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€้€”ไธญใงใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’็คบใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ่จ€ใ„
02:37
so you understand exactly what I mean. Okay?
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ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:40
All right, so the first thing the semicolon does is that it shows a connection between
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฎ ้–“ใฎๆŽฅ็ถšใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจ
02:47
two sentences. Now, that's important. I said two sentences, not two parts of sentences,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ใ€ๆ–‡ใฎ 2 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใฏ
02:56
not two dependent clauses. No. Two complete sentences. That means both sides before the
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ใชใใ€2 ใคใฎๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใงใฏใชใใ€2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€2 ใคใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใช ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
03:05
semicolon and after the semicolon have to be complete sentences by themselves. There
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๅ‰ใจใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๅพŒใฎไธกๅดใฏ ใ€ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใงๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:11
are a few small changes, which I will explain, but first of all, remember that both sides
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅค‰ๆ›ด็‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใพใšใ€ไธกๅด
03:16
have to be complete sentences. Let's look at an example.
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ใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:21
This is without the semicolon, first of all. "It is raining. Period.", "You should take
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ใพใšใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ
03:29
an umbrella. Period.", okay? Two sentences. Is it wrong to write like this? No, it's not
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ๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไบŒๆ–‡ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใใฎใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
03:36
wrong, but if you want to write a little more powerfully, a little more effectively, and
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ— ๅผทๅŠ›ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใซใ€
03:42
a little bit more in an advanced way, then you could do this. You could say, "It is raining;
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆ›ธใใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฃใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
03:52
you should take an umbrella." Now, what was the result of using the semicolon?
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ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸ็ตๆžœใฏใฉใ†ใชใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
03:58
We showed that this second sentence, "You should take an umbrella", this second idea
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ใ“ใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใ€ใ€Œๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ ในใใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ข
04:04
is linked or connected to the first sentence, right? You should take an umbrella. Why? Because
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ใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใพใŸใฏๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใญใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœ๏ผŸ
04:11
it's raining. So, those ideas are connected, they flow from each other, and we want to
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้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ไบ’ใ„ใซๆตใ‚Œ
04:16
show that there is a connection. All right? So, what did we do? Instead of the period,
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ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใคใชใŒใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ
04:23
we put a semicolon. Second thing that we did, the second thing is that the sentence, even
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€
04:30
though it's a complete sentence, but when it follows the semicolon, here we had a capital
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ๆ–‡ใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใซ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใฏๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ—
04:37
letter, but when it follows the semicolon, we have to make it a small letter, unless
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ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใซ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใฏๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€
04:43
it's like a name or something like that, which normally you would write with a capital letter,
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ๅๅ‰ใชใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงๆ›ธใใพใ™
04:49
but otherwise you make it a small letter. All right? So, semicolon and small letter
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ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—ใซใ—ใพใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใชใฎใงใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใจๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—
04:55
usually.
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ใ€‚
04:57
Let's look at another example. "I'm feeling unwell; I can't go to the meeting." All right?
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฐ—ๅˆ† ใŒๆ‚ชใใฆใ€ไผš่ญฐใซ่กŒใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:05
Again, the two ideas are connected, right? So, instead of having two short sentences,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€2 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€2 ใคใฎ็Ÿญใ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ
05:12
we want to show the connection by using the semicolon. Here, I didn't use a small letter
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ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๆŽฅ็ถšใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:17
because I always write the letter - the word "I" as a capital letter, so that's fine.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅธธใซๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ€ŒIใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:24
Let's look at another example. "The baby is afraid; she doesn't trust strangers." So again,
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฏ ๆ€–ใŒใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚่ฆ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใฌไบบใ‚’ไฟก็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซ
05:33
we want to show a connection between these two ideas or thoughts, so we used the semicolon
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚„่€ƒใˆใฎ้–ข้€ฃๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ„ ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๅพŒใซ
05:40
and we used a small letter, not a capital letter, after the semicolon. Okay? Now, this
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ๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใฏใชใๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:46
is the most important way in which we use the semicolon. So, if you understand this,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€็†่งฃใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซ
05:53
then you've understand - you've understood, I would say, 80% of it or 90% of it. Okay?
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€80% ใพใŸใฏ 90% ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
06:00
Let's look at a few more situations in which we use the semicolon. So, this punctuation
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็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ
06:06
mark is also used to clarify confusing information in a list. What do we mean? Let's look at
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ๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใฏใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆๅ†…ใฎ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:14
this sentence, it's a long sentence, and right now it does not have any semicolons, so let's
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„ๆ–‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็พๅœจใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงใ€
06:21
read it and see what happens. "The scholarship recipients are Maria Flores from Cancun, Mexico;
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฅจๅญฆ้‡‘ ๅ—็ตฆ่€…ใฏใ€ใƒกใ‚ญใ‚ทใ‚ณใฎใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใƒปใƒ•ใƒญใƒผใƒฌใ‚น
06:31
John Colt from London, England; and Gilles Dubois from Paris, France." Now, it's a little
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ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใƒปใ‚ณใƒซใƒˆ ใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใฎใƒ‘ใƒชๅ‡บ่บซใฎใ‚ธใƒซใƒปใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒœใƒฏใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:40
bit confusing, right? Like, where's Cancun, what's - there's Cancun, Mexico, John Colt,
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ‚„ใ‚„ใ“ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณใฏ ใฉใ“ใงใ€ไฝ•ใŒ - ใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณใ€ใƒกใ‚ญใ‚ทใ‚ณใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒณ
06:49
London, England, it's very confusing, so we want to separate these in some way, right?
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ใ‚ณใƒซใƒˆใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:56
So, this is what you do. It's really easy, it's actually fun. So, let's do it together.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:02
"The scholarship recipients are", who are they? "Maria Flores from Cancun, Mexico", right?
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ใ€Œๅฅจๅญฆ้‡‘ๅ—็ตฆ่€…ใฏใ€ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œใƒกใ‚ญใ‚ทใ‚ณใƒปใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใƒปใƒ•ใƒญใƒผใƒฌใ‚นใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
07:10
That's all we're going to say about Maria, so there we take out the comma and we put
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Maria ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’
07:16
a semicolon, alright? Sorry, I'll put it - I'll write it properly, okay? Now we know that's
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ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ ใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใจๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ‚ˆ๏ผŸ
07:24
Maria Flores from Cancun, Mexico. Next, we have John Colt from London, England, right?
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ใƒกใ‚ญใ‚ทใ‚ณใฎใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใƒปใƒ•ใƒญใƒผใƒฌใ‚นใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฌก ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใƒปใ‚ณใƒซใƒˆใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
07:32
That's one other piece of information. We don't keep a comma here, we put another semicolon
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ›ใšใ€ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฝฎใ
07:39
here, because then we know John Colt from London, England is all one piece of information.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใฎ John Colt ใŒใ™ในใฆ 1 ใคใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:46
Not to be confused with Maria from Cancun. And the last part is "And Gilles Dubois from
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ใ‚ซใƒณใ‚ฏใƒณใฎใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใจๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใƒปใƒ‘ใƒชๅ‡บ่บซใฎใ‚ธใƒซใƒปใƒ‡ใƒฅใƒœใ‚ขใจ
07:53
Paris, France". Now, this list of information becomes much easier to understand, okay? So,
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ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆ ใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็†่งฃใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
08:01
that's the second way in which we use the semicolon. Let's look at a couple of other
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้‡่ฆใชๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:06
ways that we also use this important punctuation mark.
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ใ€‚
08:11
Okay, now let's look at three more ways in which we use the semicolon, alright? So, we
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ‚ใจ 3 ใค่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€้ท็งป่กจ็พใงใคใชใŒใ‚ŒใŸ
08:17
also use it to connect two sentences which are linked by transitional expressions, alright?
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2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆŽฅ็ถšใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
08:25
Or conjunctive adverbs, don't worry if you don't know what those are, I'll give you some
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ใพใŸใฏๆŽฅ็ถšๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ
08:30
examples. Words like "however", "nevertheless", "therefore", "thus", "in addition", "consequently",
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ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™. ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็ตๆžœใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ€
08:42
"also", "still". So, if the second sentence, alright, starts with one of these or the second
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ใ€ŒใพใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ2็•ช็›ฎใฎ
08:52
thought starts with one of these kind of words, then we can use a semicolon before it and
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่€ƒใˆใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€
08:59
a comma after this word. Let me show you an example. Don't get worried, you'll do it,
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅพŒใซใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™. ไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใชใ‚‰ใใฃใจใ‚„ใฃใฆ
09:06
I know you will. So, let's take this example. He wants to study overseas; therefore, he
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ใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๆตทๅค–ใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝผ
09:18
needs to take the IELTS, alright? The IELTS is an English proficiency exam. So, why did
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ใฏ IELTS ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚ IELTS ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชž่ƒฝๅŠ›่ฉฆ้จ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใชใœ
09:26
we use a semicolon? We could have just used a period. Yes, you know that, you know the
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œ
09:31
answer to that. We want to show a little more of a connection between these two ideas, right?
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ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฎ้–ข้€ฃๆ€งใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
09:37
Between these two sentences. That's why we used the semicolon. Also, because it sounds
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ใ“ใฎไบŒใคใฎๆ–‡ใฎ้–“ใ€‚ ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€้Ÿณ
09:43
and looks a little more academic, a little more sophisticated, right? And you want to
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ใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใง ๆด—็ทดใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
09:49
appear like that. So, we said he wants to study overseas; therefore, now remember, "therefore",
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผใฏ็•™ๅญฆใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„
09:58
because it's coming after the semicolon, has to be a small letter, not a capital letter,
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎๅพŒใซๆฅใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใฏใชใๅฐๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:03
and then we put a comma and we say whatever else we have to say, okay? Alright. So, that's
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ ไป–ใซ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
10:11
another way in which we use the semicolon, and it's a very common way of writing in academic
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ใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ๅญฆ็•Œใงใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช
10:18
circles, alright?
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ๆ›ธใๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
10:20
Number four, the semicolon adds style, it adds variety, it adds a little more interest
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4็•ช็›ฎใซใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใ€ๅคšๆง˜ๆ€งใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใ€
10:30
to our writing, and a little more depth to our writing. So, instead of just writing short,
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็งใŸใกใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใŸใ›ใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆทฑใฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ . ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณ
10:36
choppy sentences, which sounds a little bit more like how children write, by using the
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒๆ›ธใๆ–นๆณ•ใซๅฐ‘ใ—ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Ÿญใ้€”ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œ้€”ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใฎใง
10:42
semicolon, it becomes a little bit more interesting. For example, "She works all day", semicolon,
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ใฏใชใใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้ข็™ฝใใชใ‚Šใพใ™. ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ€
10:50
"She takes classes at night." Here also, it's connected. It's kind of connected by what
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ใ€ŒๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅคœใซๆŽˆๆฅญใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:56
she does, but it's also connected by the contrast, what she does a day, in the day, what she
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ใŒใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๆ—ฅไธญใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๅคœใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ‚‚ใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„
11:02
does at night, okay?
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ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
11:05
And last of all, the semicolon, in an indirect way, persuades your reader, okay? That means
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏ้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใช ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่ชญ่€…ใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š
11:15
if you have an opinion, you can kind of sneak it in there, right, by using the semicolon,
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ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ“ใซใ“ใฃใใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
11:22
and so it's a bit indirect. It's an indirect way to persuade your reader without coming
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ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:28
out and saying, "This is my opinion." So, let's look at an example of this. "People
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ™ใ€ใจๅฃใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่จ€ใ‚ใšใซใ€่ชญ่€…ใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œไบบใ€…
11:34
are protesting", semicolon, "The government should reconsider its new policy." Alright?
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ใฏๆŠ—่ญฐใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ€ใ€Œๆ”ฟๅบœ ใฏใใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใ‚’ๅ†่€ƒใ™ในใใ ใ€. ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ
11:43
So, now, you see that the writer is coming to a conclusion and trying to lead us to a
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€่‘—่€…ใŒ ็ต่ซ–ใซ้”ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
11:50
conclusion to persuade us, to convince us, to change our mind, and so the writer is saying
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ—ใ€่ชฌๅพ—ใ— ใ€่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใŸใกใ‚’็ต่ซ–ใซๅฐŽใ“ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‘—่€…ใฏ
11:58
the government should reconsider its new policy, and he or she is linking that through the
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ใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒใใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใ‚’ๅ†่€ƒใ™ในใใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไป‹ใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๆŠ—่ญฐใ—
12:05
semicolon to the first fact, which is that people are protesting. So, this is, again,
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไบ‹ๅฎŸใซใใ‚Œ ใ‚’้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
12:12
an indirect way to persuade people. So, we've just looked at five really good reasons why
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ไบบใ€…ใ‚’่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้–“ๆŽฅ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ็†็”ฑใจไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€5 ใคใฎ้ฉๅˆ‡ใช็†็”ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
12:19
and how we use the semicolon. Now, we're going to look at a few situations in which you do
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใชใ„็Šถๆณใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
12:25
not use the semicolon. Alright, so before we start this last part,
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ— ใ€ใ“ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
12:30
I just want to say to you that I'm so glad that you're still watching. It shows me that
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใพใ ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„. ใใ‚Œใฏ
12:35
you're a really serious student, that you really want to improve your English writing,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็œŸ้ข็›ฎใชๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝœๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:39
and in fact, as I said at the beginning, the semicolon is the way, the only way through
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใฃ ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏ
12:45
punctuation that you can improve your writing, and it's just by learning how to use this
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ๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใ‚’ไป‹ใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฎไฝœๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™. ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใฎๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ ใ‘
12:51
punctuation mark, right? In fact, on the website of the University of Bristol, which is one
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ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ๅคงๅญฆใฎ 1 ใคใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ–ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใƒซๅคงๅญฆใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใง
12:56
of the top universities in the UK, they actually say about the semicolon that it's a hugely
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใ€้žๅธธใซ
13:04
important punctuation mark, okay, and hugely powerful punctuation mark, and that they suggest
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้‡่ฆใชๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซ ๅผทๅŠ›ใชๅฅ่ชญ็‚นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:12
that you start using it, and by using it, you'll get higher grades and you'll impress
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ๆˆ็ธพใ‚’ๅพ—ใฆ
13:16
your employers, all the things I was telling you earlier. So, imagine if a university is
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้›‡็”จไธปใซๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†. ใงใฏใ€ๅคงๅญฆใŒ
13:21
actually suggesting and recommending that you use the semicolon, how important it must,
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆๆกˆใŠใ‚ˆใณๆŽจๅฅจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฉใ‚Œใปใฉ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
13:27
in fact, be, okay? So, let's continue now, and when we don't use the semicolon.
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:34
So, we do not use it to connect two incomplete sentences, because as I mentioned in the beginning,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
13:42
if you're going to use a semicolon, both sides have to be complete sentences already. So,
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไธกๅด ใŒใ™ใงใซๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:50
for example, in this sentence, I like staying up late, comma, even though I need to get
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ๆ—ฉ่ตทใ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅคœๆ›ดใ‹ใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™
13:56
up early. I like staying up late. If we stopped it there, that could be a full sentence, but
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅคœๆ›ดใ‹ใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจๅ…จๆ–‡ใซใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
14:04
what about this part? Even though I need to get up early. No. Even though I need to get
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ใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ๆ—ฉ่ตทใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใซใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๆ—ฉ่ตทใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
14:10
up early, it's not a complete sentence. So, in this case, we just use the comma, we do
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ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ซใƒณใƒžใฎใฟใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—
14:16
not use the semicolon, alright?
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ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:20
Next, you cannot use the semicolon between complete sentences that include what are called
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ๆฌกใซใ€่ชฟๆ•ดๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
14:29
coordinating conjunctions. Now, many of you who are a little more advanced in English
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŠๆ‰‹ใชๆ–นใฎๅคšใใฏใ€ใ€Œfanboysใ€ใจ็•ฅใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹
14:34
may have learned about these coordinating conjunctions, which are sometimes abbreviated
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ชฟๆ•ดๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
14:40
as "fanboys". So, for example, the words "for", "and", "nor", "but", "or", "yet", "so". If
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œforใ€ใ€ ใ€Œandใ€ใ€ใ€Œnorใ€ใ€ใ€Œbutใ€ใ€ใ€Œorใ€ใ€ใ€Œyetใ€ใ€ใ€Œsoใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
14:51
you see one of these words in your sentence, you cannot use the semicolon, alright?
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ๆ–‡็ซ ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œ ใ‹ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใฏไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ?
14:59
For example, let me see what we can do here. If we said, "I like staying up late", oh sorry,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏๅคœๆ›ดใ‹ใ—ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใ€
15:09
"I need to get up early, but I like staying up late", in that example, we could not use
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ—ฉ่ตทใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏๅคœๆ›ดใ‹ใ—ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
15:17
the semicolon. But if you said, "I need to get up early", semicolon, "however, I like
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. ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ—ฉใ่ตทใใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใ€ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ€ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ้…ใใพใง่ตทใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™
15:26
staying up late", that we could do because "however" was one of the words we could use.
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ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใฏ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฎ1ใคใงใ‚ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ.
15:31
But these, which are called fanboys, if you see one of these short, simple conjunctions,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใƒœใƒผใ‚คใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Ÿญใ„ๅ˜็ด”ใชๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆ
15:37
then don't use the semicolon.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:40
Last, don't use the semicolon if you're introducing a list of something. If you're doing that,
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
15:49
then what you want to use is a colon instead. That's a colon, right? "Please bring the essentials",
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฟ…้œ€ๅ“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€
15:59
colon, "your passport, ticket, and luggage", alright? So, whenever you're going to start
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ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒˆใ€ใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ€่ท็‰ฉใ€ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚
16:07
the list, then you can put just a colon.
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ ใ‘ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:12
And last of all, don't use the semicolon very often. Even though I told you that it's very
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
16:20
important to use it and it will give you higher grades, at the same time, it's like a diamond.
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ๅคงไบ‹ใซไฝฟใฃใฆๆˆ็ธพใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒ ใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒขใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
16:25
You don't want to see it too much. It'll sparkle when we use it a little bit. So, for example,
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฆ‹ใŸใใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ไฝฟใ†ใจใƒ”ใ‚ซใƒ”ใ‚ซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐ
16:32
in an essay, if it was a five-paragraph essay, you could maybe use it once in each paragraph,
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ€5 ๆฎต่ฝใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ„ๆฎต่ฝใง 1 ๅ›žไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ„ๆฎต่ฝใง 1 ๅ›žใ—ใ‹ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
16:39
but not more than once in each paragraph, because then it becomes a bit too heavy. And
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
16:44
instead of using it for your benefit, it's then just drawing away from the effectiveness
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅˆฉ็›ŠใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ  ใฎๆœ‰ๅŠนๆ€งใ‹ใ‚‰ๅผ•ใ้›ขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
16:51
of your writing, okay?
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ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
16:53
Now, one last thing that I want to tell you is a sort of like a little review, a quick
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎ ใฏ
16:59
review of everything we've learned about the semicolon, and that's to tell you that if
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ใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๅพฉ็ฟ’ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ
17:04
you're unsure at any time whether you can use the semicolon or not, try this test. Look
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:12
at the sentences and see if you could put a period there. If you could use a period
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ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
17:20
between these two sentences, then you can use a semicolon. But if you cannot use a period,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฎ้–“ใซใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใชใ„
17:28
like here, if you cannot use a period, then don't use the semicolon. That's a quick way
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ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
17:34
to check whether you're using the semicolon correctly or not, okay?
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:40
This was such an important lesson, I can't even tell you. I'm so proud of you. Your writing
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชๆ•™่จ“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚่ช‡ใ‚Šใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ 
17:45
is going to be so much more advanced once you start using this and once you become comfortable
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ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้ซ˜ๅบฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
17:50
with it, alright? So, in order to make sure that you know it well, please go to our website
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web
17:56
at www.engvid.com. There, you can do a quiz on this and really consolidate whatever you
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ (www.engvid.com) ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็ตฑๅˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
18:04
have learned. And also, subscribe to my YouTube channel to get lots more videos that will
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. ใพใŸใ€็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆ
18:09
help you improve in speaking, writing, pronunciation, and lots of other things, okay? Thanks very,
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ€ใใฎไป–ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„
18:16
very much for watching, and all the best with your English. Bye for now.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใง้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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