How to Understand Politics - Episode 1 - Advanced English Lesson

63,319 views ・ 2017-11-06

Learn English with Papa Teach Me


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
To join any political conversation you need to know what you're talking about,
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μ •μΉ˜μ  λŒ€ν™”μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μžμ‹ μ΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ„ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:03
it's very very important, right?
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맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:04
Of course!
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λ¬Όλ‘ !
00:06
Of course!
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00:06
I don't know if you've heard about Donald Trump at all,
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λ¬Όλ‘ !
λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 λ„λ„λ“œ νŠΈλŸΌν”„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ „ν˜€ λ“€μ–΄λ³Έ 적이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:08
he's our new president
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κ·ΈλŠ” 우리의 μƒˆ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ή
00:09
but you might want to talk to somebody about Donald Trump,
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ™€ λ„λ„λ“œ νŠΈλŸΌν”„μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  싢을 μˆ˜λ„
00:12
you might want to have a conversation
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00:13
and here are a bunch of peculiar words we have to talk about what's going on
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있고 λŒ€ν™”λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„κ³  싢을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 진행 상황에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기
00:23
Before we begin, I'm gonna make a deal with you
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μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전에 λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό 거래λ₯Ό ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
I'm not gonna make any Trump jokes
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νŠΈλŸΌν”„ 농담도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
00:28
and I'm not gonna make any English food jokes
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μ˜κ΅­μ‹ μŒμ‹ 농담도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
Deal?
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거래?
00:31
Deal!
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거래!
00:32
I just have to...
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λ‚œ κ·Έλƒ₯...
00:33
Perfect
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μ™„λ²½ν•΄
00:34
One little change
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00:34
One change
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μž‘μ€ λ³€ν™”
ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ³€ν™”
00:42
So the first word is "Filibuster"
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 첫 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” "ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°"
00:44
Senator Rand Paul began a filibuster
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λžœλ“œ 폴 μƒμ›μ˜μ›μ΄ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„° ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°
00:46
The filibuster
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00:46
Filibuster
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00:47
Oh the filibuster!
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였 ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°!
00:49
We have to get rid of the filibuster rule!
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ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„° 룰을 μ—†μ• μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:52
I never thought I'd see the day when the whole country was talking about the filibuster!
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온 λ‚˜λΌκ°€ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 날을 보게 될 쀄은 λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:55
What exactly is a filibuster?
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ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°λž€ μ •ν™•νžˆ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:57
Turn to camera one!
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카메라λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ μΌœμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€!
00:58
So what is a filibuster?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°λž€ 무엇인가?
01:00
Filibuster is a word that describes a
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ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°(Filibuster)λŠ” μž…λ²• ν† λ‘  쀑에 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 과정을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:03
process that happens during the debating of legislation.
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.
01:06
In the United States Senate there are a hundred senators
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λ―Έκ΅­ μƒμ›μ—λŠ” 100λͺ…μ˜ μƒμ›μ˜μ›μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
01:09
let's say your side only has 48 votes,
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λ‹Ήμ‹  μͺ½μ€ 48ν‘œλ§Œ 가지고 있고
01:12
the other side has 52 votes
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μͺ½μ€ 52ν‘œλ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€κ³ 
01:14
theoretically you should lose right
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κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. 이둠적으둜
01:17
yeah
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01:17
because 52 is more than 48
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01:19
however if you were to filibuster it means you
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당신은 μ Έμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
would debate the issue for so long that you wouldn't be able to get to any other
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ²•μ•ˆμ— 도달할 수 없을 것이고
01:28
legislation and theoretically if you're really good at filibustering you'd be
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이둠적으둜 당신이 μ •λ§λ‘œ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°λ§μ— λŠ₯μˆ™ν•˜λ‹€λ©΄
01:32
able to filibuster it for so long that the other side even though they
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ΄
01:36
have 52 will just throw their hands up in the air and say
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52개λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ–΄λ„ κ·Έλƒ₯ 던질 μ •λ„λ‘œ μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν—ˆκ³΅μ— 손을 λ“€κ³ 
01:41
"I quit I give up it's done we have to get to all of our other business"
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"κ·Έλ§Œλ‘κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨λ“  일을 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고
01:45
that being said,
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λ§ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
01:46
You can't always filibuster
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항상 필리
01:48
If you have 60 votes, you are able to override a filibuster
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λ²„μŠ€ν„°λ₯Ό ν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
It takes 50 votes to pass legislation, but it takes 60 to end debate
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μž…λ²•μ•ˆμ„ ν†΅κ³Όμ‹œν‚€λ €λ©΄ 50ν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš” ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 토둠을 끝내렀면 60ν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:57
Okay so the general concept is
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μ’‹μ•„μš” κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 일반적인 κ°œλ…μ€
01:59
"Okay you've got almost half, maybe I can convince you to
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"μ’‹μ•„μš” 거의 μ ˆλ°˜μ„ μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ œκ°€ μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ
02:04
vote the other way if I speak long enough"?
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길게 λ§ν•˜λ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ νˆ¬ν‘œν•˜λ„λ‘ 섀득할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:06
Yes, theoretically it is but it's
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예, μ΄λ‘ μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 그것이
02:10
That's not what it does, it's a stall tactic
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ν•˜λŠ” 일이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 싀속 μ „λž΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이해
02:12
So I think I get it, but I think we need to show people...
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κ°€ κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ... 예λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€˜μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
an example
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02:17
Alright, so what is some legislation that you have 55 votes on, Aly?
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그러면 55ν‘œλ₯Ό 받은 λ²•μ•ˆμ€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? , μ•Œλ¦¬?
02:21
I want to introduce a new rule that means
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02:24
bald men have "handsome-man status"
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λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬ λ‚¨μžλŠ” "꽃미남 μ§€μœ„"λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ·œμΉ™μ„ λ„μž…ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:28
ooh! that's exciting, and there are a lot of bald men
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ooh! ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ³  사싀 λ§Žμ€ λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬ 남성이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
in fact 55 percent of men are bald
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λ‚¨μ„±μ˜ 55%κ°€ λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬
02:34
and everybody agrees they're not handsome yet
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이고 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 그듀이 아직 미남이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 데 λ™μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
so seemingly I should win!
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 이겨야 ν•  것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
02:38
Well yes, that being said
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, κ·Έ 말은
02:40
As a man with luscious, luscious, luscious locks,
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감미둭고, 감미둭고, 감미둜운 μžλ¬Όμ‡ λ₯Ό 가진 λ‚¨μžλ‘œμ„œ,
02:45
I don't want bald to be handsome!
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μ €λŠ” λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬κ°€ μž˜μƒκΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
02:47
I think we can all agree it won't be handsome
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잘 생기지 μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 데 λͺ¨λ‘ λ™μ˜ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
So, we're all ready to vote, right?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 우리 λͺ¨λ‘ νˆ¬ν‘œ ν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ ?
02:51
It's time to vote? Are you ready to vote
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νˆ¬ν‘œν•  μ‹œκ°„μ΄μ•Ό? νˆ¬ν‘œν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:53
I'm ready to vote
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νˆ¬ν‘œν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:54
Are you ready to vote?
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νˆ¬ν‘œν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:55
Wait... we have to have a little more debate
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μž κΉλ§Œμš”... 토둠을 μ’€ 더 ν•΄μ•Όκ² μ–΄μš”
02:57
Okay fine
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μ’‹μ•„μš” μ’‹μ•„μš”
02:59
We are here today
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였늘 μ—¬κΈ° μ™”μ–΄μš”
03:01
To debate senator Aly Williams' "Bald is beautiful" bill
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μƒμ›μ˜μ› 앨리 μœŒλ¦¬μ—„μŠ€μ˜ "λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬λŠ” 아름닡닀" λ²•μ•ˆ
03:06
"Bald is beautiful"?
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"λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬λŠ” 아름닡닀"에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν† λ‘ ν•˜λ €κ³ μš”?
03:08
Is it? Is it not?
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그래? 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:09
Do we need to legislate this?
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이걸 μž…λ²•ν™”ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:11
Before we go any further I would like to
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더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κΈ° 전에
03:14
bring to attention this, this piece is titled "Green eggs and ham" by Dr. Seuss
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이 뢀뢄에 μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. Dr. Seuss의 "녹색 달걀과 ν–„"μ΄λΌλŠ” 제λͺ©μ˜ 이 글을
03:21
Let me read this to make sure we are all aware of the issue at stake
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읽어 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μœ„νƒœλ‘œμš΄ 문제λ₯Ό μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
I am Sam
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03:29
Sam I am
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μ €λŠ” Sam Samμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
I do not like them, Sam I am, I do not like green eggs and ham
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μ‹«λ‹€ μƒ˜ λ‚˜λŠ” 녹색 κ³„λž€κ³Ό 햄이 μ‹«λ‹€
03:39
I will eat them in a box
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μƒμžμ— λ‹΄μ•„μ„œ λ¨Ήκ² λ‹€
03:40
and I will eat them with a fox
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μ—¬μš°μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ λ¨Ήκ² λ‹€
03:41
I will eat them in a house
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μ§‘μ—μ„œ
03:43
and I will eat them with a mouse
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λ¨Ήκ² λ‹€ μ₯λ‘œ λ¨Ήκ² λ‹€
03:44
I will eat them here or there
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μ—¬κΈ°μ €κΈ°μ„œ λ¨Ήμ–΄μš” μ €λŠ”
03:46
I do so like green eggs and ham
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녹색 κ³„λž€κ³Ό 햄을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ μƒ˜
03:48
Thank you Thank You, Sam I am
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μ €λŠ”
03:51
Well look at the time
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μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ΄μš” μ˜€λŠ˜μ€
03:53
I guess there's no more time for debate today
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더 이상 ν† λ‘ ν•  μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ—†λŠ” 것 κ°™μ§€λ§Œ
03:55
but maybe tomorrow we'll get to vote on the "Bald is Beautiful" bill!
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내일은 "λŒ€λ¨Έλ¦¬λŠ” 아름닡닀"에 νˆ¬ν‘œν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ " μ²­κ΅¬μ„œ!
04:00
Oh come on!
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였 μ–΄μ„œ!
04:02
Thank you and I rest my case
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 사건을 μ‰¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
Filibuster: Should or shouldn't have?
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04:07
Ideal world? Filibuster yes!
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이상적인 세상? ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„° 예!
04:09
Personally I'm pro-filibuster
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개인적으둜 μ €λŠ” ν”„λ‘œ ν•„λ¦¬λ²„μŠ€ν„°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:12
I personally am a huge fan of
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μ €λŠ” 개인적으둜 속도λ₯Ό 늦좜 수 μžˆλŠ” 멋진 민주주의λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ˜ λ―Έκ΅­ μƒμ›μ˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ μ—΄λ ¬ν•œ νŒ¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:15
these systems in the United States Senate that cool democracy
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04:20
that can kind of slow things down
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04:22
I believe this was a phrase than the English might enjoy
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영ꡭ인이 즐길 수 μžˆλŠ” 것보닀 이것이 문ꡬ라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:25
When you drink tea, there's a saucer right? There's a saucer thing?
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When you drink tea, there's a saucer 였λ₯Έμͺ½? κ±°κΈ° μ ‘μ‹œ 물건?
04:30
"The Senate is the saucer that cools the tea of democracy"
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"상원은 민주주의의 μ°¨λ₯Ό μ‹νžˆλŠ” μ ‘μ‹œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€." 이
04:34
The idea is for the entire American system
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μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” 전체 λ―Έκ΅­ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
American system the idea is that it runs slowly
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ 느리게 μ‹€ν–‰λœλ‹€λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” λΉ λ₯Έ 일이 λ°œμƒν•˜λ©΄ λ‚˜μœ 일도 λ°œμƒν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
04:38
that things can't happen fast
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일이 빨리 일어날 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
because when fast things happen bad things can happen too
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04:43
The idea is if we are inherently slow,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 본질적으둜 λŠλ¦¬λ‹€λ©΄
04:46
our slowness will prevent any bad things from happening
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우리의 λŠλ¦Όμ€ λ‚˜μœ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 것을 막을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
I feel smarter already
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이미 더 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•΄μ§„ λŠλ‚Œμ΄ λ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
I hear the terms "partisan" and "bi-partisan"
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"λ‹ΉνŒŒμ "κ³Ό "μ–‘νŒŒμ "μ΄λΌλŠ” μš©μ–΄λ₯Ό λ“£κ³ 
04:54
and your organisation is "non-partisan"
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κ·€ν•˜μ˜ 쑰직은 μ •ν™•νžˆ "λΉ„λ‹ΉνŒŒμ "μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
precisely
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04:57
What's the difference? What is "partisan"?
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차이점은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? "λ‹ΉνŒŒ"λž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:00
So essentially in America, we have two major parties
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 본질적으둜 λ―Έκ΅­μ—λŠ” 두 개의 μ£Όμš” 정당이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
The Democrats and the Republicans
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민주당원과 곡화당원
05:04
"Bi-partisan" means it's something that brings both parties together
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"μ–‘λ‹ΉνŒŒ"λŠ” 양당을 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ λͺ¨μœΌλŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
"Partisan" means benefiting one of the parties
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"λ‹ΉνŒŒ"λŠ” μ •λ‹Ή 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ— 이읡이 λœλ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
So, I don't know, a policy that says
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05:15
"Republicans get free pizza and Democrats have to be their footstools"
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곡화당원은 무료 ν”Όμžλ₯Ό λ°›κ³  민주당원은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 발판이 λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:18
That would be a very partisan policy,
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그것은 맀우 λ‹ΉνŒŒμ μΈ 정책이 될 것이며
05:21
and then "non-partisan"
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"λΉ„λ‹ΉνŒŒμ "은
05:22
means you're not working with either of the parties
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당신이 μ–΄λŠ 정당과도 ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:25
What is a partisan Democrat issue?
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λ‹ΉνŒŒμ μΈ λ―Όμ£Όλ‹Ή λ¬Έμ œλž€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:27
In 2017, a partisan Democratic issue might be fighting global warming
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2017년에 λ‹ΉνŒŒμ μΈ λ―Όμ£Όλ‹Ή λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 지ꡬ μ˜¨λ‚œν™”μ™€ μ‹Έμš°κ³  μžˆμ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:32
What would a partisan Republican issue be?
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λ‹ΉνŒŒμ μΈ 곡화당 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:35
Making sure that to vote you need to bring a state-issued ID
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νˆ¬ν‘œν•˜λ €λ©΄ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ λ°œκΈ‰ν•œ 신뢄증을 가져와야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
and what would a bipartisan issue, which is something they both agree on
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μ΄ˆλ‹Ήμ μΈ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 무엇인지, 두 μ‚¬λžŒ λͺ¨λ‘ λ™μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
A bipartisan issue
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μ΄ˆλ‹Ήμ μΈ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
05:46
might be the NSA or the National Security Agency
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NSAλ‚˜ NSA일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
it seems like both parties are big fans of listening to our phones
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우리 전화에
05:57
I want to know what you're saying late at night
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 밀늦게 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:59
"This new McCarthyism!"
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"이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ§€μΉ΄μ‹œμ¦˜!"
06:01
"This reminds me of the McCarthy hearings"
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"이것은 McCarthy 청문회λ₯Ό μƒκ°λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." "
06:03
"Reminiscent of Senator Joe McCarthy's abusive tactics"
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Joe McCarthy μƒμ›μ˜μ›μ˜ μš•μ„€μ„ μ—°μƒμ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
06:07
"Have you no decency, sir?"
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"ν’ˆμœ„κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ„ μƒλ‹˜?"
06:09
"Have you no sense of decency, sir?"
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"μ˜ˆμ˜κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ„ μƒλ‹˜?"
06:13
I'm assuming it's something bad
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06:15
Yes
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06:15
McCarthyism refers to kind of an unwarranted witch-hunt
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λ§€μΉ΄μ‹œμ¦˜μ€ μΌμ’…μ˜ λΆ€λ‹Ήν•œ λ§ˆλ…€μ‚¬λƒ₯을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ―€λ‘œ μœ„μŠ€μ½˜μ‹ μ˜
06:19
so it's named after former Senator
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μ „ μƒμ›μ˜μ›
06:21
Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin
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μ‘°μ…‰ λ§€μΉ΄μ‹œ(Joseph McCarthy)의 이름을 λ”°μ„œ
06:23
and what he was known for was making these crazy allegations
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λͺ…λͺ…λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
that communists had infiltrated the entire United States government
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06:31
and this is him holding a piece of paper
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κ·Έκ°€
06:33
that may or may not be evidence of 115 communists in the State Department
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κ΅­λ¬΄λΆ€μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” 115λͺ…μ˜ λΉ„λ°€ κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μžκ°€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것이 λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ΅­λ¬΄λΆ€μ—μ„œ 115λͺ…μ˜ κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μžμ˜ 증거일 μˆ˜λ„ 있고
06:38
as it turned out
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06:39
there were not 115 secret communists working in the State Department
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06:42
Shockingly
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06:43
Shockingly there were not.
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아닐 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ” 쒅이λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
06:44
Communists didn't infiltrate our government
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κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μžλ“€μ€ 우리 정뢀에 μΉ¨νˆ¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
So he goes after somebody in the military
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” κ΅°λŒ€μ— μžˆλŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό μ«“μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•œλ•Œ κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜ 혐의λ₯Ό 받은
06:49
The lawyer that was defending the person accused of communism
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μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ³€ν˜Έν•˜λ˜ λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬κ°€
06:53
at one point got up and said
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μΌμ–΄λ‚˜
06:56
very famously on nationally televised TV
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μ „κ΅­μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°©μ˜λ˜λŠ” TVμ—μ„œ 맀우 유λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
"Have you no decency, sir?"
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"μ˜ˆμ˜κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ„ μƒλ‹˜?"
07:02
To McCarthy, and it turns out he may or may not have had any decency
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McCarthyμ—κ²Œ, 그리고 κ·Έκ°€ ν’ˆμœ„λ₯Ό κ°€μ‘Œμ„ μˆ˜λ„ 있고 가지지 μ•Šμ•˜μ„ μˆ˜λ„ 있음이 λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
Have you no sense of decency, sir?
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07:10
When people are saying that Trump is colluding with Russia would that be "McCarthyism"?
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ νŠΈλŸΌν”„κ°€ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ™€ κ²°νƒν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  말할 λ•Œ 그것은 "λ§€μΉ΄μ‹œμ¦˜"μΌκΉŒμš”?
07:16
What would be more 'McCarthyism' is if a Democrat were to get up and say
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더 'λ§€μΉ΄μ‹œμ¦˜'이 λ˜λŠ” 것은 민주당원이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ
07:21
"There are 38 Russian agents in the Trump administration
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"νŠΈλŸΌν”„ 행정뢀에 38λͺ…μ˜ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μš”μ›μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
we need to get every Russian agent out of the Trump administration"
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λͺ¨λ“  λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μš”μ›μ„ νŠΈλŸΌν”„ ν–‰μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œ
07:28
"The Supreme Court announcing they will take up a major case on political gerrymandering"
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λΉΌλ‚΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ •μΉ˜μ  κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§ μ£Όμš” 사건"
07:33
"Gerrymandering"
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"κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§"
07:34
"The public needs to know that they have been fooled!"
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"ꡭ민이 μ†μ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€!" 게리
07:37
What the hell is a gerrymander?
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맨더가 λ„λŒ€μ²΄ ​​뭐야?
07:39
Why do we.. what? What?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™œ.. 뭐? 무엇?
07:41
So essentially "Gerrymandering" refers to the process of dividing of the districts
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본질적으둜 "κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§"은 선거ꡬλ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„λŠ” 과정을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
The people who are going to vote
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νˆ¬ν‘œν•  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€
07:47
The idea is that we all want representation in Congress
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μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ˜νšŒμ—μ„œ λŒ€ν‘œμ„±μ„ 원
07:50
and our Congress people represent small local areas
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ν•˜κ³  우리 의회 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μž‘μ€ 지역을 λŒ€ν‘œν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:54
So the state of Iowa has four different congressmen that go to Washington DC
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ•„μ΄μ˜€μ™€ μ£Όμ—λŠ” 4λͺ…μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ˜μ›μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
in addition to two senators
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2λͺ…μ˜ μƒμ›μ˜μ› 외에도 μ›Œμ‹±ν„΄ DC에
08:00
These numbers represent individual congressional districts
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이 μˆ«μžλŠ” κ°œλ³„ 의회 선거ꡬλ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
Every two years district one gets together and decides
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2λ…„λ§ˆλ‹€ ν•œ 지역ꡬ가 λͺ¨μ—¬
08:07
"Do we want to..." theoretically they could send whoever they want
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"μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ›ν•˜λŠ”κ°€..."λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
but it's probably going to be between a Democrat and Republican
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08:13
This is how theoretically it should be!
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이것은 이둠적으둜 κ·Έλž˜μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ !
08:15
as you can see this, this makes sense
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
08:18
Iowa is a state where computers drop the district's literally
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μ•„μ΄μ˜€μ™€λŠ” 컴퓨터가 ꡐ윑ꡬλ₯Ό 문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦¬λŠ” μ£Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
Literally they have a software a quote-unquote "nonpartisan software"
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문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 그듀은 "λΉ„λ‹ΉνŒŒμ μΈ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄"λΌλŠ” μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
That decides, "Okay this is however many people fit here, this many people fit here"
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"
08:32
and as you see,
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
08:34
They're not perfect squares they're not perfect rectangles
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ •μ‚¬κ°ν˜•λ„ μ•„λ‹ˆκ³  μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ§μ‚¬κ°ν˜•λ„ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
But it all kind of makes sense
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ“  것이 이해가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
So this would not be quote-unquote "gerrymandered"
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이것은 λ”°μ˜΄ν‘œ 없이 μΈμš©λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§"은
08:41
are properly drawn districts
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μ μ ˆν•˜κ²Œ 그렀진 κ΅¬μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:43
it's visually appealing
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08:44
I'm excited
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08:45
Do you want to see how a gerrymandered state might look like?
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κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§λœ κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ²ΌλŠ”μ§€ 보렀면?
08:48
I would love to see it
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08:48
You would love. Alright
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 μ‚¬λž‘ν•  그것을보고 μ‹Άμ–΄μš”
.
08:50
So let's move over to our friends in Maryland
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자 그럼 λ©”λ¦΄λžœλ“œμ— μžˆλŠ” 우리 μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
08:55
So obviously six over here and one over here are gonna be weird
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λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ μ—¬κΈ° 6κ°œμ™€ μ—¬κΈ° 1κ°œκ°€ μ΄μƒν•œ
08:59
shaped because the states weird shaped
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λͺ¨μ–‘일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 주의 λͺ¨μ–‘이 μ΄μƒν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:01
however if you look very very closely
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„μ£Ό μžμ„Ένžˆ 보면
09:04
district 4 kind of is a hat on top of district 5 and then 1 has this weird
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4ꡬ역은 5ꡬ역 μœ„μ— λͺ¨μžκ°€ 있고 1은
09:10
thing over here and 7 looks like it's eating 2 and 3
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μ—¬κΈ° μ΄μƒν•œ 것이 있고 7은 2와 3을 λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
If Picaso were to district a state, create congressional districts,
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Picasoκ°€ μ£Όλ₯Ό κ΅¬μ—­ν™”ν•˜κ³  의회 ꡬ역을 λ§Œλ“€λ©΄
09:18
this might be what we end up with
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λλ‚΄λŠ” 결과일 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:20
but why would you want to change the lines from a square so this squiggly mess?
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μ™œ μ‚¬κ°ν˜•μ—μ„œ 선을 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ°”κΎΈλ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κ΅¬λΆˆκ΅¬λΆˆν•œ 엉망?
09:24
So in the state of Maryland, Democrats control the state house
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ©”λ¦΄λžœλ“œ μ£Όμ—μ„œλŠ” 민주당이 μ£Ό ν•˜μ›μ„ ν†΅μ œν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
09:27
so when they draw up these districts they're gonna cut up the pie
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그듀이 이 선거ꡬλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•  λ•Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ
09:31
in a way to make sure that as many of these districts are gonna lean to the
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λ§Žμ€ 선거ꡬ가 민주당에 기댈 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 파이λ₯Ό μž˜λΌλ‚Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
Democrats as possible
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09:36
But then if your senator is Republican
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μƒμ›μ˜μ›μ€ κ³΅ν™”λ‹Ήμ›μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:40
They could redraw these lines
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그듀은 이 선을 λ‹€μ‹œ 그릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:42
Exactly, so these lines are drawn every 10 years
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μ •ν™•νžˆ, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 선은 인ꡬ 쑰사가 λλ‚œ ν›„ 10λ…„λ§ˆλ‹€ κ·Έλ €μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:46
after the census we have a census we count everybody
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 인ꡬ 쑰사λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ„Έκ³  λ‚˜μ„œ
09:49
and then we redraw all the lines every 10 years
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10λ…„λ§ˆλ‹€ λͺ¨λ“  선을 λ‹€μ‹œ κ·Έλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:51
and it's not like one party does gerrymandering,
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그리고 그것은 ν•œ 정당이 κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ§μ„ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒκ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
both parties do this
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ
09:55
and in fact actually sometimes both parties partner together
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ν•˜κ³  μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 두 정당이 ν•¨κ»˜
09:58
to gerrymander to kind of screw other people over
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κ²Œλ¦¬λ§¨λ”λ‘œ ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜μ—¬ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 속이고
10:02
so they do this to stay in power
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ꢌλ ₯을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
you will cut these up
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당신은 이것듀을 μž˜λΌλ‚Ό 것이고
10:05
and you will have these
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당신은 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ
10:07
"perversions of democracy", so to speak
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"민주주의의 μ™œκ³‘"을 κ°–κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
because look at these, these are gross
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이것듀은 λ³€νƒœλ“€λ§Œμ΄
10:11
only a pervert could enjoy
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즐길 수 μžˆλŠ” μ—­κ²¨μš΄ κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
Okay but this is allowed, right?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 ν—ˆμš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
It's not like a secret thingy?
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λΉ„λ°€κΈ€ 같은거 μ•„λ‹ˆμ•Ό?
10:17
It's an American tradition
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그것은 미ꡭ의 μ „ν†΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
Theoretically our elected officials vote on their conscience
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이둠적으둜 μ„ μΆœλœ 곡무원은
10:25
but in practice they do what we all do,
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양심에 따라 νˆ¬ν‘œν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:27
and they just do whatever the fuck they can to not lose their job
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10:30
so really what would have to happen is...
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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