Apostrophe D! Is it WOULD or HAD?!

74,833 views ใƒป 2019-12-03

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
I saw in the comments that a lot of you were confused about apostrophe D.
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- ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃ D ใซใคใ„ใฆๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸ
ใ€‚
00:05
For example
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€I'd go, we'd had.
00:06
I'd go - we'd had
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(้™ฝๆฐ—ใช้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
00:11
That apostrophe D is that "we had" or "we would"
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ใ‚ใฎใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃ Dใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹?
00:15
"I had" or "I would"
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็งใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:18
Let's find out
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็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
00:20
This guy sees a million burgers on a plate
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ใ“ใฎ็”ทใฏ็šฟใซ็™พไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใŒ่ผ‰ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹
00:25
And he wants to eat them.
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ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:26
So he says this:
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00:29
Million burgers? I'd a million burgers
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100ไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ€็งใฏ100ไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚’ ้ฃŸในใพใ™๏ผ
00:34
And he tried, but the burgers killed him
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏ่ฉฆใฟใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใฏๅฝผใ‚’ๆฎบใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
00:37
He ate too much. So the next day it's his funeral
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ๅฝผใฏ้ฃŸใน้ŽใŽใŸใ€‚
็ฟŒๆ—ฅใฏๅฝผใฎ ่‘ฌๅผใงใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
And someone says this:
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00:45
He'd eaten 70 burgers before he died
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ๅฝผใฏๆญปใฌๅ‰ใซ70ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:49
To be honest, if one day if I die
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ—
00:52
Because I ate too many burgers. Please know, that I died happy
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็งใŒใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚’้ฃŸใน้ŽใŽใฆๆญปใ‚“ใ ใจใ—
ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅนธใ›ใซๆญปใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
00:56
But the question of today
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ“ใ‚Œ
00:58
Is this: the apostrophe D...
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃ Dใ€I'dใ€he'dใ€
01:00
"I'd" - "he'd"
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01:02
Is it "had"? Or is it "would"
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:04
It could be either
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:06
It can be difficult to know the difference
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้•ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
01:09
But this is the easy way
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:11
If the next verb is the bare infinitive
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ๆฌกใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใใฎใพใพใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:14
which means the original verb without "to"
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ…ƒใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
to ใ‚’ๅซใพใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐ eat ใฎ
01:20
For example "eat"
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01:22
Then this must be
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ would ใซ้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:25
"Would"
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01:27
Always that's.. that's a rule
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
01:29
But, but this one
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎๅ‹•่ฉž 3 ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
01:31
If it's a verb three the past participle
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ใ€้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆ
01:36
"Eaten"
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01:37
Then this must be "had"
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:40
That's also a rule
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
01:43
So I'd eat a million burgers.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€100 ไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹
01:45
We're talking about a hypothetical
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ใจใ„ใ†ไปฎ่ชฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
01:48
It should be "would"
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ใใ†ใชใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
01:50
And this one he'd eaten 70 burgers before he died.
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ๅฝผใŒไบกใใชใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ70ๅ€‹ใฎใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใจใ„ใ†
01:54
We're talking about a past thing
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
01:57
So
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01:58
Not always, but it could be past perfect
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้ŽๅŽปใฎๅฎŒ็’งใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
02:02
He had eaten
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ๅฝผใฏ้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
02:04
And that's basically it
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02:06
So we're gonna practice this.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:09
I'm going to give you ten example sentences
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ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’10ๅ€‹ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:13
You decide if the apostrophe D is "had" or "would"
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ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃ D ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใพใ™
ใ€‚
02:20
Pause the video if you have to
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ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—
02:22
Go grab a coffee, or a tea, whatever you want
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚„ใŠ่Œถใ‚’้ฃฒใฟใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฟ…่ฆ ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ€
02:25
And pen, paper.. you'll need that
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ใƒšใƒณใ‚„็ด™ใชใฉใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
If you don't have paper
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็ด™ใŒใชใใฆใ‚‚
02:30
You have an arm. You can write on your arm
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่…•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่…•ใซ ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
If you don't have an arm
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่…•ใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ๅ‹้”ใฎ้ก”ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:34
Write on your friend's face
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02:36
On your piece of paper, write:
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็ด™ ใซใ€1ใ€2ใ€3ใ€4ใ€5ใ€6ใ€7ใ€8ใ€9ใ€10 ใจๆ›ธใ„
02:38
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10
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02:43
You only have to answer "would" or "had"
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:46
That's it
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02:48
Are you ready for number one?
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ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผใƒฏใƒณใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:50
Let's go.
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใˆใˆใ€ ใงใใ‚Œใฐไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚’่ดใใŸใ„ใงใ™๏ผ
02:56
Just write your answer
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็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:57
I'll give you the answers at the end
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็ญ”ใˆใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใซใŠไผใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:00
Number two
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—) 2 ็•ช็›ฎใ€‚
ใˆใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
็งใฏใ™ใงใซๅฝผใซไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸ!
03:07
Number three
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) 3 ็•ช็›ฎใ€‚
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:10
Number four
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—) 4 ็•ช็›ฎใงใ™ใ€‚
ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
03:16
Five
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) 5 ใคใ€‚
็›ธๆฃ’ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•็™พไธ‡ๅนดใ‚‚่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
.
03:22
Six
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) 6 ใคใ€‚
ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ฉฑใฏใ‚„ใ‚ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
03:26
Seven
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) ใ‚ปใƒ–ใƒณใ€‚
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่กŒใฃใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:31
Eight
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—) 8 ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฐใ‹ใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฝผใฏ ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ‹ใฃใŸ!
03:36
Nine
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น) 9 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
(่กฃๆœใฎใ–ใ‚ใ‚ใ) (่ปฝๅฟซใชใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ทใƒƒใ‚ฏ้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅŽปใ‚Šใพใ™!
03:42
And number ten is this one
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(ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น ) 10็•ชใฏใ“ใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
03:46
This one's actually a trick question
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸใฏใฒใฃใ‹ใ‘ๅ•้กŒ
03:49
Because of this verb
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ›ใ„ใง ใ€่ฆ‹ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใฏ
03:51
Just by looking at it
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03:52
You don't know if it's a verb three the past participle
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ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž 3 ใชใฎ
03:56
or the infinitive
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ใ‹ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใชใฎใ‹ใ€ไธๅฎš่ฉžใชใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:58
Because it spelled the same in both cases
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:02
So some irregular verbs
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€
04:05
"Put" is the same in every tense
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใงๅŒใ˜ใงใ™!
04:08
Put, put, put
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ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ€
04:09
Cut, cut, cut
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04:11
This one: read, read, read
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€‚
04:14
Okay good the pronunciation is different,
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ ็™บ้Ÿณใฏ้•ใ†
04:16
But it's still difficult, right?
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ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:19
So how do you know with those irregular verbs?
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ใงใฏใ€ๅค‰ใชไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎ
ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
04:23
Which are weird
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04:24
Look at the context.
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ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไปฎ่ชฌใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:26
Is it a hypothetical?
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04:28
Probably it's "would"
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:30
Is it talking about something in the past?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ
04:33
Or a third conditional
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ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
04:36
Then probably it's "had"
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:38
Not always, but probably
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04:40
Also words like:
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ใพใŸใ€ใ™ใงใซใ€ใพใ ใ€ใใ—ใฆใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰
04:45
They're not always talking about the past
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ใฏใ€ๅธธใซ้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
04:47
But it might help in understanding the context
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ใ€ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ
04:52
And therefore
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04:54
Understanding if that apostrophe D is "had" or "would"
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ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:58
So let me know in the comments, how many out of 10
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๆฌ„ใงใ€10
05:03
Did you get correct
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ๅ•ไธญไฝ•ๅ•ๆญฃ่งฃใงใใŸใฎใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:05
I hope today's lesson helped
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆ
05:07
And I'll see you in the next video
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ใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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