ADVANCED English Vocabulary in context | Learn English with the News

92,482 views ใƒป 2023-05-31

Learn English with Harry


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry and welcome back to advanced English lessons with Harry, where
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒชใƒผใจใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ใใ“ใงใฏใ€
00:04
I tried to help you to get a better understanding of the English language helping you with vocabulary
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่ชžๅฝ™
00:09
expressions, phrases, whatever it takes to help you to improve conversational English,
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่กจ็พใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใชใฉใ€ ่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑใฎไธŠ้”ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠชใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:15
or indeed your business English.
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ใพใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
00:16
And from time to time, we include an article and newsy article, something in the news.
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ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ ใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:22
And I read that for you, and they give you some words and expressions that have been
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€
00:26
used in the article and explain what they mean.
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎไธญใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„่กจ็พใ‚’็คบใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:29
So that's exactly what we're going to do in this particular lesson.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใพใ•ใซ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:32
And at the end of the lesson, if you need any further help with any further explanations
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ„่ชฌๆ˜Ž
00:37
or examples, then please write to me on www.englishlessonviaskype.com and I'll happily provide you with any information
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ใ‚„ไพ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.englishlessonviaskype.com ใพใงใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ”ๅธŒๆœ›ใฎ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚„ๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅ–œใ‚“ใงๆไพ›ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™
00:45
that you like or that you need.
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ใ€‚
00:47
Okay, so getting back to this advanced English lesson, it's all about an article, the article
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ่จ˜ไบ‹ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏ
00:52
appeared in The Guardian newspaper, which is a really nice source of well-balanced articles
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ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใƒณๆ–ฐ่žใซๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆ™‚ใ€…่ชญใฟใŸใ„ใ€ใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใฎ ใจใ‚ŒใŸ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅฎŸใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑๆบใงใ™
00:59
that we like to read from time to time.
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ใ€‚
01:01
And the particular heading in this particular article is" Another warning about the AI apocalypse.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ€ ใ€ŒAI ้ป™็คบ้Œฒใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ่ญฆๅ‘Šใ€‚
01:09
I don't buy it."
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใฏ่ณ›ๆˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:11
So it's not my opinion.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:13
It's the opinion of the journalist who wrote the particular article.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ™ ใ€‚
01:16
So he's just saying, or she is saying, another warning about the AI, the artificial intelligence,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ€ AIใ€ไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใ€้ป™็คบ้Œฒใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅˆฅใฎ่ญฆๅ‘Šใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
01:23
apocalypse, people think we're coming into a major, major catastrophe dealing with artificial
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ็งใŸใกใŒไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ๅคงใใชๅคงๆƒจไบ‹ใซ็›ด้ขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:29
intelligence.
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ใ€‚
01:30
And the journalist says, I don't buy it, meaning they don't necessarily agree with it.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ใใ‚ŒใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:36
So what I do, I'll read it once just for you to get the gist of what it's about, then I'll
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจ ใ€ๅ†…ๅฎนใฎ่ฆ็‚นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไธ€ๅบฆ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ
01:40
read it a second time putting some stress on certain words, and then I'll come back
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้‡็‚นใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ชญใ‚“ใง ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆ
01:45
and I'll give you an explanation as to the meaning of those particular words.
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ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
Okay, so let's start.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:51
And here's the text.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœฌๆ–‡ใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:52
So I read it once for you just to get a gist and then a second time to get a better understanding.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ฆ็‚นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ 1 ๅ›ž่ชญใฟ ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็†่งฃใ‚’ๆทฑใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ 2 ๅ›ž็›ฎใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:57
And I'll come back and give you the particular words and expressions that I've highlighted,
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ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€ ็งใŒๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„่กจ็พใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:01
so you get a meaning and how we can use them.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใจใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:05
So here's the first reading just for the just AI tools like Chat GPT are everywhere.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ Chat GPT ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช AI ใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใŒใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซ้™ใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ชญใฟๅ–ใ‚Šๅ€คใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ AI ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฎๆ€ฅๅข—ใซใคใชใŒใฃใŸใฎใฏ
02:12
It is the combination of computational power, and availability of data that has led to a
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ใ€่จˆ็ฎ—่ƒฝๅŠ› ใจใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใฎๅฏ็”จๆ€งใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™
02:17
surge in AI technology.
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ใ€‚
02:20
But the reason models such as Chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular splash is
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€Chat GPT ใ‚„ Bard ใชใฉใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŒใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใช่ฉฑ้กŒใ‚’ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใ ็†็”ฑใฏใ€
02:26
that they have hit our own homes, with around 100 million people currently using them.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎถๅบญใซๆตธ้€ใ—ใ€ ็พๅœจ็ด„ 1 ๅ„„ไบบใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:32
This has led to a very fraught public debate, it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ค‡้›‘ใชๅ…ฌ็š„่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใ€ ๅ…จไป•ไบ‹ใฎ4ๅˆ†ใฎ1ใŒ
02:38
will be affected one way or another by AI and some companies are holding back on recruitment
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ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงAIใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจไบˆๆธฌใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ไธ€้ƒจใฎไผๆฅญใฏ
02:45
to see which jobs can be automated.
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ใฉใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒ่‡ชๅ‹•ๅŒ–ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ๆฅตใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ๆŽก็”จใ‚’ๆŽงใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€
02:49
Fears about AI can move markets, as we saw yesterday when Pearson shares tumbled over
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AIใŒ่‡ช็คพใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจใฎๆ‡ธๅฟตใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ”ใ‚ขใ‚ฝใƒณๆ ชใŒๆ€ฅ่ฝใ—ใŸใจใใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€AIใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ‡ธๅฟตใฏๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
02:54
concerns that AI would disrupt its business.
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02:59
And looming above the day to day debate are the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ—ฅใ€…ใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไธŠใซ่ฟซใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
03:04
long term dangers of AI technologies, often from loud and arguably authoritative voices
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AI ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฎ้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใชๅฑ้™บๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ใจใ—ใฆ้ป™็คบ้Œฒ็š„ใช่ญฆๅ‘Šใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใ‚’้–‹็™บใ—ใŸ
03:11
belonging to executives, and researchers who developed these technologies?
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็ตŒๅ–ถ้™ฃใ‚„็ ”็ฉถ่€…ใซๅฑžใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆจฉๅจใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคงๅฃฐใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
03:17
So are people right to raise the spectre of apocalyptic AI driven destruction?
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ ็ต‚ๆœซ่ซ–็š„ใช AI ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹็ ดๅฃŠใฎๆๆ€–ใ‚’็…ฝใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
03:24
In my view, no.
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็งใฎ่ฆ‹่งฃใงใฏใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:25
I agree that there are some sobering risks.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้‡ๅคงใชใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:29
But people are beginning to understand that these are socio technical systems that is
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ
03:35
not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle of code data subjective parameters,
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ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไธญ็ซ‹็š„ใชใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใฎไธป่ฆณ็š„ใชใƒ‘ใƒฉใƒกใƒผใ‚ฟ
03:43
and people.
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ใจไบบใ€…ใฎๅˆ†ใ‹ใกใŒใŸใ„ๆŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹็คพไผšๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:45
AI's end users and the direction it develops, aren't inevitable, and addressing the risks
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AI ใฎใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผใจ AI ใฎ็™บๅฑ•ใฎๆ–นๅ‘ๆ€งใฏ ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€
03:52
of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed.
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AI ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใธใฎๅฏพๅ‡ฆใฏๅ˜ใซๅœๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹็ถš่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:58
Companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems, open AI, the company
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ไผๆฅญใฏใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณ AIใ€
04:04
behind chat GPT, some of them are pretty well, it recognises that while a lot has been done
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ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆ GPT ใฎ่ƒŒๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ไผๆฅญใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎไผๆฅญใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅฝขๅผใฎๆ†Žใ—ใฟใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:11
to root out racism and other forms of hate from chat, GP tes responses, manipulation,
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ใ€‚ GP ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎๅฟœ็ญ”ใ€ๆ“ไฝœใ€
04:18
and hallucination, which means producing content that is nonsensical or untruthful, essentially
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ๅนป่ฆšใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใพใŸใฏ่™šๅฝใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใ€ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซใฏ
04:25
making stuff up still happen.
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ไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
I'm confident that trial and era plus burgeoning research in this area will help.
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็งใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฎ่ฉฆใฟใจๆ™‚ไปฃใ€ใใ—ใฆๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ็ ”็ฉถใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
Okay, so that's the article.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:36
So basically, what the journalist is saying is giving his opinion about the current surge
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€้ŽๅŽป 6 ใ‹ๆœˆใปใฉใงๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ•ใ‚Œใ€้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ Chat GPT ใ‚„ Bard ใชใฉใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹ไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใธใฎ้–ขๅฟƒใŒ ็พๅœจ้ซ˜ใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
in the interest in artificial intelligence in particular systems such as Chat GPT and
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04:49
Bard which have been introduced in the last six months or so and there are lots and lots
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04:54
of people around the world using it.
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:56
But there are also frustrations because the imp act of Chat GPT and other artificial intelligence
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆ GPT ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใŒ
05:03
on current jobs is huge.
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็พๅœจใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใฏๅคงใใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธๆบ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
And people, of course, are panicking and worried as to what the future will hold for jobs.
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝ“็„ถใฎใ“ใจใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใƒ‘ใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซ้™ฅใ‚Šใ€ ไป•ไบ‹ใฎๅฐ†ๆฅใŒใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
So this particular journalist believes that balance is important that yes, these issues
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฏใ€ใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏ
05:16
are there.
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ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:18
But we shouldn't be overly concerned.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้Žๅบฆใซๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:20
And like everything else, we should learn to embrace these new developments.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็™บๅฑ•ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:24
They happen to be my own opinion, I think that's actually quite right, that it's senseless
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใŸใพใŸใพ็ง่‡ช่บซใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅ…จใๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:29
and difficult to push them aside and ban them or try to ban them because they will be there
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฎใ‘ใฆ็ฆๆญขใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใฉใ†ใ› ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใจใ„ใฃใฆ็ฆๆญขใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
05:34
anyway.
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็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใง้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:35
So we might as well embrace what is there and tried to work for the good and the better
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆ ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅƒใ“ใ†ใจๅŠชใ‚ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:40
of everyone.
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ใ€‚
05:41
Okay, so et me read it to you a second time a little bit more slowly.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š่ชญใ‚“ใงใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:45
Okay, so that you can understand it.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
05:47
And then I'll give you a meaning of the words that I've highlighted.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅผท่ชฟ่กจ็คบใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:51
AI tools like Chat GPT are everywhere.
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Chat GPT ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช AI ใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ AI ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฎๆ€ฅๅข—ใ‚’
05:55
It is the combination of computational power and availability of data that has led to a
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ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€่จˆ็ฎ—่ƒฝๅŠ›ใจใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใฎๅฏ็”จๆ€งใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™
06:01
surge in AI technology.
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ใ€‚
06:03
But the reason models such as Chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular splash is
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€Chat GPT ใ‚„ Bard ใชใฉใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŒใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใช่ฉฑ้กŒใ‚’ๅ‘ผใ‚“ใ ็†็”ฑใฏใ€
06:10
that they have hit our own homes, with around 100 million people currently using them.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎถๅบญใซๆตธ้€ใ—ใ€ ็พๅœจ็ด„ 1 ๅ„„ไบบใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:17
This has led to a very fraught public debate, it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ค‡้›‘ใชๅ…ฌ็š„่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใ€ ๅ…จไป•ไบ‹ใฎ4ๅˆ†ใฎ1ใŒ
06:23
will be affected one way or another by AI and some companies are holding back on recruitment
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ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงAIใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจไบˆๆธฌใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ไธ€้ƒจใฎไผๆฅญใฏ
06:30
to see which jobs can be automated.
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ใฉใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒ่‡ชๅ‹•ๅŒ–ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ๆฅตใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ๆŽก็”จใ‚’ๆŽงใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
06:33
fears about AI can move markets.
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AI ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ‡ธๅฟตใŒๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:35
And as we saw yesterday, when Pearson shares tumbled over concerns that AI would disrupt
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ใใ—ใฆๆ˜จๆ—ฅ่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ AIใŒใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ‡ธๅฟตใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ”ใ‚ขใ‚ฝใƒณๆ ชใŒๆ€ฅ่ฝใ—ใŸ
06:42
its business.
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ใ€‚
06:44
And looming about the day to day debate, or the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€AIใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฎ้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใชๅฑ้™บๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆ—ฅใ€…ใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚„ใ€ ๆ™‚ใซใฏ้ป™็คบ้Œฒ็š„ใช่ญฆๅ‘ŠใŒ่ฟซใฃใฆใใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
06:50
long term dangers of AI technologies, often from loud and arguably authoritative voices
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:57
belonging to executives and researchers who developed these technologies.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใ‚’้–‹็™บใ—ใŸไผๆฅญๅนน้ƒจใ‚„็ ”็ฉถ่€…ใซๅฑžใ™ใ‚‹ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆจฉๅจใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคงๅฃฐใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ญฆๅ‘ŠใŒ็™บใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
07:03
So are people right to raise the spectre of apocalyptic AI driven destruction?
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ ็ต‚ๆœซ่ซ–็š„ใช AI ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹็ ดๅฃŠใฎๆๆ€–ใ‚’็…ฝใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
07:10
In my view?
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็งใ‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐ๏ผŸ
07:11
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
07:12
I agree that there are some sobering risks.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้‡ๅคงใชใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:15
But people are beginning to understand that these are socio technical systems that is
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ
07:21
not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle of code, data, subjective parameters,
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ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไธญ็ซ‹็š„ใชใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใ€ไธป่ฆณ็š„ใƒ‘ใƒฉใƒกใƒผใ‚ฟใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ
07:28
and people.
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ไบบใ€…ใฎๅˆ†ใ‹ใกใŒใŸใ„ๆŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹็คพไผšๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
AI's end users and the direction it develops, aren't inevitable, and addressing the risks
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AI ใฎใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผใจ AI ใฎ็™บๅฑ•ใฎๆ–นๅ‘ๆ€งใฏ ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€
07:37
of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed.
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AI ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใธใฎๅฏพๅ‡ฆใฏๅ˜ใซๅœๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹็ถš่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:43
Companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems.
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ไผๆฅญใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€้š›ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:46
Open AI, the company behind Chat GPT sums them up pretty well.
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Chat GPT ใ‚’้–‹็™บใ—ใŸ Open AI ใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้žๅธธใซใ†ใพใใพใจใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆ GPT ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ
07:53
It recognises that while a lot has been done to root out racism, and other forms of hate
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ไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅฝขๆ…‹ใฎๆ†Žๆ‚ชใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅคšใใฎๅŠชๅŠ›ใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€
07:59
from Chat GPT is responses, manipulation and hallucination, which means producing content
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ๅฟœ็ญ”ใ€ๆ“ไฝœใ€ ๅนป่ฆšใชใฉใ€
08:06
that is nonsensical or untruthful essentially made up still happen.
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ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใƒŠใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚นใพใŸใฏ่™šๅฝใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใฎไฝœๆˆใŒ ไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฎ
08:12
I'm confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research in this area will help.
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่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชคใจๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ ็ ”็ฉถใŒๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ็งใฏ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:19
Okay, so there's the article as I explained before, just the argument that's going on
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ‰ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸ่จ˜ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ๆœ€่ฟ‘่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹่ญฐ่ซ–ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„
08:24
these days between should we or should we not embrace or try to ban all of this new
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08:30
issues this new media this new these new platforms such as Chat GPT and Bard, okay, so the words
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ๅ•้กŒใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€ Chat GPT ใ‚„ Bard ใชใฉใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็ฆๆญขใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใจใ„ใ†่ญฐ่ซ–ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ๅผท่ชฟ
08:37
that I've highlighted.
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่กจ็คบใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
The first word is computational, computational, so just be careful with the pronunciation,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ computationalใ€computational ใชใฎใงใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:46
okay?
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08:48
Computational.
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่จˆ็ฎ—็š„ใ€‚
08:49
Computational means about calculating something.
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Computational ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จˆ็ฎ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:52
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:53
So when you calculate how much you need, it's a computation.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅฟ…่ฆใ‹ใ‚’่จˆ็ฎ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ่จˆ็ฎ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:57
You carried out a computation and of course, all the algorithms that we use computational
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จˆ็ฎ—ใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
09:03
power to identify how to use these particular artificial intelligence platforms, computational.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่จˆ็ฎ—็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่จˆ็ฎ—่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ดใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:13
Second word surge, and we have it here led to a surge and AI technology, a surge means
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2็•ช็›ฎใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ธใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ธใจAIๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’็ตใณไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ธใจใฏ
09:19
a sudden increase.
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็ช็„ถใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
So if there's a power blackout in certain countries, it's often because there has been
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ›ฝใงๅœ้›ปใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
09:27
a surge in demand.
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้œ€่ฆใฎๆ€ฅๅข—ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:29
So in particularly cold winters, people switch on their heating.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็‰นใซๅฏ’ใ„ๅ†ฌใซใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๆš–ๆˆฟใฎใ‚นใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:34
As a result, there's a surge in demand for electricity, and that might result in a blackout.
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ใใฎ็ตๆžœใ€้›ปๅŠ›้œ€่ฆใŒๆ€ฅๅข—ใ— ใ€ๅœ้›ปใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:40
So surge as a sudden increase.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ€ฅๅข—ใฏ็ช็„ถใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:43
Or if there's heavy rains and floods in a river there may be a surge of water a sudden
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅทใซๅคง้›จใจๆดชๆฐดใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆฐดใฎๆ€ฅๅข—ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆดชๆฐดใ‚’
09:50
increase in the flow of the water that causes flooding, surge, so it's a noun, okay?
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ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ๆฐดใฎๆตใ‚Œใฎ็ช็„ถใฎๅข—ๅŠ  ใ€ใ‚ตใƒผใ‚ธใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
09:56
And for pronunciation.
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ใใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€‚
09:58
Take the word around.
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่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใใฎใพใพๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:00
Ah, and just put the s on the front of it, surge, a surge in demand.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซ s ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ€ฅไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€้œ€่ฆใฎๆ€ฅๅข—ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:05
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:06
Third word frought fraught.
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3็•ช็›ฎใฎๅ˜่ชžfrought froughtใ€‚
10:10
Now think of the word taught, teach taught.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:14
And now from fraught.
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€็ทŠๅผตใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
10:16
So get your pronunciation.
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ใใ‚Œใง็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่บซใซใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:19
In the article, we have this has led to a very fraught, public debate.
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ไผดใ†ๅ…ฌ็š„่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใŸใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
10:25
Fraught means very difficult, very niggly, very argumentative.
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Fraughtใ€ใจใฏใ€้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€้žๅธธใซๅŽ„ไป‹ใชใ€ ้žๅธธใซ็†ๅฑˆใฃใฝใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
10:30
It's not everybody in agreement with each other people are arguing on one side, other
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใŠไบ’ใ„ใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใใ€ ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใง่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚‚ใ†
10:36
people are arguing on the other side.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใงไป–ใฎไบบใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:38
So, it is fraught, it means it is difficult, and we have this expression in English fraught
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ไผดใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€ ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ไผดใ„ใพใ™
10:44
with difficulties, there are problems.
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ใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:46
So it's not an easy passage, it's not going to be smooth.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใช็ตŒ้Žใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:50
It's fraught, public debate or fraught, public opinion.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไธ–่ซ–ใ‚„่ญฐ่ซ–ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ไธ–่ซ–ใซๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:56
Number four to hold back on.
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ๆŠ‘ใˆใ‚‹ในใ4็•ชใ€‚
11:00
In the article we said companies are holding back on recruitment.
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎไธญใงใ€ไผๆฅญใŒๆŽก็”จใ‚’ๆŽงใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
11:03
So to hold back on something is to delay.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:07
Okay, so companies are holding back on recruitment, because they want to see can they get away
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ไผๆฅญใŒๆŽก็”จใ‚’ๆŽงใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ไบบๆใ‚’ๆŽก็”จใ›ใšใซไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง ๆธˆใ‚€ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:12
without recruiting people and just use artificial intelligence, of course, it will go straight
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
11:17
to the bottom line.
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ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใช็ตๆžœใซ็›ด็ตใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:19
So to hold back on something means to prevent it from being issued.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟ็•™ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็™บ่กŒใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:23
So perhaps is an article and the publisher said, No, let's hold back on publishing that
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‡บ็‰ˆ็คพใฏใ€Œ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅ…ฌ้–‹ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅ้–“ๆŽงใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
11:29
article for a few days, meaning, let's delay publishing that article for a few days to
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅ…ฌ้–‹ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅ้–“้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆๅทฎใ—ๆŽงใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
11:35
hold back on.
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ใ€‚
11:36
And of course, if you do like this particular lesson, then please like the video, and if
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใฎใง
11:42
you can subscribe to the channel because it really, really helps.
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ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ‚‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ ใ€‚
11:47
To tumble over.
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่ปขๅ€’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
11:48
Okay, now, here we're talking about financial aspects, the shares and a leading publishing
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใง็งใŸใกใฏ่ฒกๅ‹™ ้ขใ€ๆ ชๅผใ€ใใ—ใฆ
11:54
company called Pearson, the shares tumbled over concerns so they tumbled mean, they fell.
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ใƒ”ใ‚ขใ‚ฝใƒณใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅคงๆ‰‹ๅ‡บ็‰ˆ็คพใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆ ชไพกใฏๆ‡ธๅฟตใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ€ฅ่ฝใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ‹่ฝใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:02
So in something tumbles, it falls, so the value of the shares fell over the concerns
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ปข่ฝใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ‹่ฝใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใจใใ‚ŒใŒไผš็คพใฎใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ ๆ‡ธๅฟตใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ๆ ชๅผใฎไพกๅ€คใฏไธ‹่ฝใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
12:08
about artificial intelligence and its impact on the company's business.
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ใ€‚
12:12
So they, this is the reason why the shares fell, they tumbled over concerns that AI would
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆ ชไพก ไธ‹่ฝใฎ็†็”ฑใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€AI (
12:19
and here's the next word, disrupt their business.
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ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™) ใŒใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ‡ธๅฟตใซ้™ฅใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:23
So when something is disrupted, so it doesn't stop completely, but it is made more difficult.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธญๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅœๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:30
So businesses disrupted.
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ใใ‚Œใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฏไธญๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:32
So for example, if there was a train strike, or a strike by doctors, then travelling and
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€้›ป่ปŠใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ญ ใ‚„ๅŒปๅธซใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ญใŒใ‚ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
12:40
trains will be difficult because it will be disrupted, you're not sure whether your train
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้›ป่ปŠใŒ
12:44
is running or not.
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้‹่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ—…่กŒใ‚„้›ป่ปŠใฎ็งปๅ‹•ใŒๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:46
Or if you have to have an operation to get your knee replaced, or whatever it might be.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ ่†ใ‚’็ฝฎๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ‰‹่ก“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€‚
12:51
If there are no doctors, then the operations the shedule of operations will also be disrupted.
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ๅŒปๅธซใŒใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ‰‹่ก“ ใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใซใ‚‚ๆ”ฏ้šœใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:56
Some will happen, some will not.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:58
So when we disrupt something, we cause problems, difficulties, it doesn't stop entirely, but
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ•้กŒใ‚„ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆญขใพใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
13:05
it's not easy to get things done.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:07
So not easy to travel.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:08
During a train strike, there will be a lot of disruption, not easy to have normal, everyday
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ๅˆ—่ปŠใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ญใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅคšใ ใฎๆททไนฑใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใ€็—…้™ขใง้€šๅธธใฎๆ—ฅๅธธๆฅญๅ‹™ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏๅฎนๆ˜“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
13:14
operations in the hospital.
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ใ€‚
13:16
When there's a doctor strike, it will cause some disruption.
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ๅŒปๅธซใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ญใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆททไนฑใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
13:19
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
13:20
Now, the next word we have is looming.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ่ฟซใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:23
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:24
So, and looming above the day-to-day debate.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏๆ—ฅใ€…ใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไธŠใซ่ฟซใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:27
So when something looms, it's sort of hanging there, waiting to fall.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ฟซใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใใ“ใซใถใ‚‰ไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆ่ฝใกใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
13:33
For example, if you're looking out the window, whether called October, November day, there
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ 10 ๆœˆใ€11 ๆœˆใฎๆ—ฅใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€็ช“ใฎๅค–ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใซ
13:40
might often be some fog around so the fog looms over the streets sort of just hangs
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้œงใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้œงใŒ ้€šใ‚ŠใฎไธŠใซ่ฟซใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใŸใ ใใ“ใซใถใ‚‰ไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€
13:46
there and makes it very difficult for you to see through that fog, it looms or if something
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ใใฎ้œงใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ฟซโ€‹โ€‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
13:53
looms, it's just hang in there and you're waiting for something to happen.
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่ฟซใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใŸใ ใใ“ใซ่€ใˆใฆใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:57
So if a factory or a business is going to close or there are concerns or rumours that
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅทฅๅ ดใ‚„ไผๆฅญใŒ้–‰้Ž–ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€
14:03
the company has financial difficulties, then there's looming over the city, this uncertainty
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ไผš็คพใŒ็ตŒๅ–ถ้›ฃใซ้™ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ‡ธๅฟตใ‚„ๅ™‚ใŒๆตใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ่ทใ‚’ๅคฑใ†ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฎ ไธ็ขบๅฎŸๆ€งใŒ่ก—ใซ่ฟซใฃใฆใใฆใ€
14:09
whether people are going to lose their job so looms something that just hangs there.
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ใใ“ใซใŸใ ใถใ‚‰ไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ฟซใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:15
And in the article we said, and looming above the day-to-day debate, so something was in
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎไธญใง็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ—ฅใ€…ใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไธŠใซ่ฟซใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
14:21
the air hanging their over their heads, like a big weight waiting to fall.
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็ฉบไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใพใ‚‹ใง ่ฝใกใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคงใใช้‡ใ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ้ ญไธŠใซใถใ‚‰ไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:27
Okay, looms.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็น”ๆฉŸใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:28
Number eight, the next word is sobering.
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8็•ช็›ฎใ€ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ่บซใฎๅผ•ใ็ท ใพใ‚‹ๆ€ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:31
In the article we say, I agree that there are some sobering risks sober is when you're
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ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใง็งใŸใกใŒ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒฉใƒ•ใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ทใƒฉใƒ•ใจใฏ
14:38
not affected by alcohol, you're sober, but sobering risks are risks that make you sit
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ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ทใƒฉใƒ•ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ทใƒฉใƒ•ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใจใฏใ€ๅบงใฃ
14:45
up and think.
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ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
14:46
Okay, so in this article, they're talking about the possible apocalyptic destruction
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใฏใ€ไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใŒๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ ็ต‚ๆœซ็š„ใช็ ดๅฃŠใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
14:53
that artificial intelligence will cause.
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ใ€‚
14:56
And this person writing the article says they don't agree with this but there are some sobering
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎไบบใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใซใฏๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„ใŒใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆทฑๅˆปใช
15:02
risks meaning there are some risks that you really need to think about.
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ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่€ƒๆ…ฎใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:06
You can't just avoid them and put your head in the sand.
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ๅ˜ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใฆ็ ‚ใซ้ ญใ‚’็ชใฃ่พผใ‚€ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
15:09
So sobering risks, risks that are out there that are real and you need to think about.
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ๅŽณ็ฒ›ใชใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ€ ็พๅฎŸใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใ€่€ƒๆ…ฎใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
15:16
The next word inextricable now here, just want to focus on the pronunciation first of
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ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชž inextricable ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
15:22
all, okay, so inextricable, inextricable, inextricable, inextricable inextricable inextricable,
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ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Šใใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‚Š
15:32
inextricable Now, what does it mean?
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ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
15:40
Inextricable means something that cannot be separated.
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ไธๅฏๅˆ†ใจใฏใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ›ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
15:43
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
15:44
And the article they say this is that is not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏใ€ ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไธญ็ซ‹็š„ใชใƒ„ใƒผใƒซใงใฏใชใใ€
15:52
of code data, subjective parameters, and people, meaning these things cannot be separated.
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ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใ€ไธป่ฆณ็š„ใชใƒ‘ใƒฉใƒกใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณไบบใ€…ใฎๅˆ†ใ‹ใกใŒใŸใ„ๆŸใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅˆ†้›ขใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:59
It's all part of the same problem, the problem about artificial intelligence, they're inextricable
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ๅ•้กŒใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ›ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
16:05
all the issues are inextricable, they cannot be separated.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ•้กŒใฏๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ›ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ™ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
16:09
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹
16:10
In countries often we talk about the inextricable link between state and church where often
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ๅ›ฝใ€…ใงใฏใ€ๅ›ฝๅฎถใจๆ•™ไผšใฎๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ“ใงใฏ
16:18
you know what the church does, what the state does are exactly the same.
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ๆ•™ไผšใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ๅ›ฝๅฎถใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใฏ ๅ…จใๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:21
So this inextricable link, okay, so we have to be really careful about the pronunciation.
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ใ“ใฎๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใชใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใชใฎใงใ€ ็™บ้Ÿณใซใฏ็ดฐๅฟƒใฎๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:28
And then also to get the correct meaning inextricable.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅˆ†ใ‹ใกใŒใŸใ„ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:32
Next word inevitable, little bit easier to pronounce inevitable.
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ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€Œๅฟ…็„ถใ€ใ€ใ€Œ ๅฟ…็„ถใ€ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:36
And here in the article, we say, the use of artificial intelligence at the end of the
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏไบบๅทฅ็Ÿฅ่ƒฝใฎไฝฟ็”จ
16:42
day, and the direction in which it develops aren't inevitable.
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ใจใใฎ็™บๅฑ•ใฎๆ–นๅ‘ๆ€งใฏ ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:46
So inevitable means something that this is going to happen no matter what.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:50
So, you know, the end of the day is always inevitable, we get up in the morning at seven
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ€ๆ—ฅใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใฏๅธธใซ ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆœ 7 ๆ™‚
16:55
or 8am.
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ใ‹ 8 ๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:56
The surest thing is that we will go to bed it when it's dark at 10, 11, or 12.
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚็ขบๅฎŸใชใฎใฏใ€ 10ๆ™‚ใ€11ๆ™‚ใ€ใพใŸใฏ12ๆ™‚ใซๆš—ใใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅฏใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
17:02
So the day at the end of the day is inevitable, you can't stop it happening.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1ๆ—ฅใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใฎๆ—ฅใฏ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ ใšใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:07
In the article, they say, this change isn't inevitable, meaning it doesn't have to be
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎไธญใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฏ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅฟ…ใš
17:12
something that will happen, but we can make changes.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใŒใ€ ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
17:16
So inevitable is something that is always going to happen inevitable.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ…็„ถใจใฏใ€ๅธธใซ ๅฟ…็„ถ็š„ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
17:21
As soon as night follows day, it's inevitable.
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ๆ˜ผใฎๅพŒใซๅคœใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:24
We are born, we live we die, it's inevitable.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใ€็”Ÿใใ€ๆญปใฌใ“ใจใฏ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:30
That certain things in life that are inevitable life, death, and taxes was a famous quotation.
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ไบบ็”ŸใซใŠใ„ใฆ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ ็”Ÿใ€ๆญปใ€็จŽ้‡‘ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅ่จ€ใฏๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€‚
17:36
So the people are born, people die, and people pay taxes inevitable, okay.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใ€ๆญปใซใ€ใใ—ใฆ ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ†ใฎใฏ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
17:42
And the next expression would have to root out something, okay.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎๅผใงใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:47
And here, they say to root out racism.
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ“ใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:49
So to root out something means to get rid of it, okay.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:53
So if you're digging in the garden, and you dig up a big tree, you literally root it out,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅบญใ‚’ๆŽ˜ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ ๅคงใใชๆœจใ‚’ๆŽ˜ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใจใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šๆ นใ‚’ๆŠœใใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:00
meaning you dig up all the roots that hold the tree into the ground, or you've got a
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœจใ‚’ๅœฐ้ขใซๆ”ฏใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ นใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๆŽ˜ใ‚Š่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
18:06
problem in your office or you've got a problem in the school, you try to root out the cause
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ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚„ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅญฆๆ กใงๅ•้กŒใŒ่ตทใใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ•้กŒใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™
18:12
of the problem.
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ใ€‚
18:13
You know, if there's somebody who's been disruptive, you might tell them, they need to find some
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฆจๅฎณ่กŒ็‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใ€
18:18
other place to work all this a pupil who's been disruptive, you might send him home from
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ใ“ใฎๅฆจๅฎณ่กŒ็‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸ็”Ÿๅพ’ใ‚’ๅƒใ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎไป–ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ ใ‚’
18:23
school for a few days or a few weeks, or tell the parents that this child is causing problems.
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ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅใ‹ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ๅญฆๆ กใ‹ใ‚‰ๅธฐใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅญใŒๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆชใŸใกใซใ€‚
18:29
And we have to root out bullying or racism within the school.
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ใใ—ใฆๅญฆๆ กๅ†…ใงใฎใ„ใ˜ใ‚ใ‚„ไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
18:33
And if the child doesn't improve the behaviour, then they will be asked to leave.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€€ๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
18:38
So to root out something is to get rid of it, dig it up and throw it out, to root out.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ€ๆŽ˜ใ‚Š่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆๆจใฆใ€ๆ นใ‚’ๆŠœใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
18:45
And then number 12.
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ใใ—ใฆ 12 ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
18:47
To make up in the article says to make up stuff.
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎไธญใงใ€Œ่ฃœใ†ใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ่ฃœใ†ใ€ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
18:51
We make up stories.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:52
Kids make up stories all the time.
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ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:55
They make up little friends that don't really exist.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ„ๅฐใ•ใชๅ‹้”ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
18:58
They make up stories, why they didn't do their homework, they make up stories, why they don't
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใชใœๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ€้ ญใŒ็—›ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใชใ‹ใŒ็—›ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใใŸใ ใชใ„ใฎใ‹ใจใ€่ฉฑใ‚’ใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใพใ™
19:03
want to go to school because they've got a headache or a pain in the tummy.
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ใ€‚
19:06
So people are constantly making up stuff, making up stories that are not really true,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅธธใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„่ฉฑใ‚’ใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใ€
19:12
either to impress somebody, or to get something that they want to make up in our article here
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใŸใ„ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆ น็ตถใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใŸ
19:18
that talking again about this whole Chat GPT where they tried to root out racism and also
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆGPTๅ…จไฝ“ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ†ใณ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ไบบ็จฎ ๅทฎๅˆฅใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„
19:25
this idea where people make up stories that are not really true, but people for some strange
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่ฉฑใ‚’ใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช
19:30
reason believe it.
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็†็”ฑใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:31
Okay, so to root out those people making stuff up or making up stuff.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใงใฃใกใ‚ใ’ใŸใ‚ŠใงใฃใกไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใŸใกใ‚’ๆ น็ตถใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
19:37
And then finally, we have another word quite difficult on the tongue for pronunciation.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
19:43
Burgeoning, burgeoning.
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ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ€ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ€‚
19:45
Now make sure you've got the g sound burgeoning.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€G ้ŸณใŒๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:50
Yeah.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:51
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
19:52
So it's like, again, the word urge, got a g.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€Œ่กๅ‹•ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซgใŒใคใ„ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
19:56
Urge.
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่กๅ‹•ใ€‚
19:57
And then burge burgeoning.
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ใใ—ใฆใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใŒๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:59
Okay, now burgeoning means growing quickly or developing or expanding.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใจใฏใ€ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ ็™บๅฑ•ใพใŸใฏๆ‹กๅคงใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:05
So here they're talking about, I am confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ“ใ“ใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชคใจๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹็ ”็ฉถใ€ใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Ž
20:12
lots of increasing or growing research in this area will help.
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ใงใฎๅคšใใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใพใŸใฏๆˆ้•ทใ™ใ‚‹็ ”็ฉถใŒ ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ็งใฏ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
20:17
Okay, so we might have a burgeoning economy, an economy that started off small, but year
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ตŒๆธˆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏ ๅฐ่ฆๆจกใ ใฃใŸ็ตŒๆธˆใŒ
20:24
by year is getting bigger and bigger and bigger burgeoning.
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ๅนดใ€…ๅคงใใใชใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅคงใใๆ€ฅ ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:27
So let me give you the pronunciation.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
20:30
Again, burgeoning, burgeoning, burgeoning, burgeoning.
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ๅ†ใณใ€ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ€ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ€ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ€ๆ€ฅ ๆˆ้•ทใ€‚
20:36
Okay, so a burgeoning economy, burgeoning research.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็ตŒๆธˆใฏๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใ€็ ”็ฉถใ‚‚ๆ€ฅๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:41
Okay, so they're their words, we have 13 In total, let me run through them again, quickly.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅˆ่จˆ 13 ๅ€‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
20:48
Computational search, fraught, to hold back on, to tumble over, to disrupt, to loom or
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ๆคœ็ดขใฏใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ไผดใ„ใ€ ๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใ—ใ€่ปขๅ€’ใ—ใ€ๆททไนฑใ—ใ€่ฟซใ‚Šๆฅใ‚‹ใ€่ฟซใ‚Šๆฅใ‚‹ใ€
21:01
looming, sobering, inextricable, inevitable, to root out, to make up stuff, and then finally
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ๅŽณ็ฒ›ใงใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š้›ขใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใšใ€้ฟใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใšใ€ ๆ น็ตถใ—ใ€ใงใฃใกใ‚ใ’ใ€ใใ—ใฆใคใ„ใซๆ€ฅ
21:15
burgeoning.
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ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:16
Okay, so hopefully you've enjoyed that particular article, AI and all this issue about Chat
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆ GPT ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€AIใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™
21:21
GPT.
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ใ€‚
21:22
Chat GPT is really top of the agenda these days, everybody is talking about it.
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Chat GPT ใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ญฐ้กŒใฎใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใซใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:27
You know, everybody is looking out for it.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:29
Everybody's practising.
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ใฟใ‚“ใช็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
21:30
We tried it ourselves here just to see what we could get.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ไฝ•ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใง่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
21:33
And the results are quite, quite amazing.
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ใใ—ใฆใใฎ็ตๆžœใฏใ€ๅฎŸใซ้ฉšใในใใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:36
Okay, so if there's anything else that you require in relation to this article, or the
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ†’้ ญใง่ฟฐในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
21:40
words or the phrase of the expressions, as I said at the beginning, give me a call, send
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่กจ็พใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใซ้–ขใ—ใฆไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ้›ป่ฉฑใ‹
21:45
me an email, and we'll try to help you out.
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ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
21:47
Okay, this is Harry's always thanking you for listening and for watching, and remember,
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ่žใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซใ€
21:51
join me for the next lesson.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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