ADVANCED English Vocabulary in context | Learn English with the News

94,611 views ใƒป 2023-05-31

Learn English with Harry


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry and welcome back to advanced English lessons with Harry, where
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. Harry์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Harry์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ
00:04
I tried to help you to get a better understanding of the English language helping you with vocabulary
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์–ดํœ˜
00:09
expressions, phrases, whatever it takes to help you to improve conversational English,
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ํ‘œํ˜„, ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ, ์˜์–ด ํšŒํ™” ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
or indeed your business English.
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๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด.
00:16
And from time to time, we include an article and newsy article, something in the news.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
And I read that for you, and they give you some words and expressions that have been
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ œ๊ณต
00:26
used in the article and explain what they mean.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:29
So that's exactly what we're going to do in this particular lesson.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
And at the end of the lesson, if you need any further help with any further explanations
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…
00:37
or examples, then please write to me on www.englishlessonviaskype.com and I'll happily provide you with any information
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์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด www.englishlessonviaskype.com์— ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:45
that you like or that you need.
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00:47
Okay, so getting back to this advanced English lesson, it's all about an article, the article
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์ž, ์ด ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ, ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
appeared in The Guardian newspaper, which is a really nice source of well-balanced articles
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The Guardian ์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค๋ฆฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ท ํ˜•์žกํžŒ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ถœ์ฒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:59
that we like to read from time to time.
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.
01:01
And the particular heading in this particular article is" Another warning about the AI apocalypse.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน์ • ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ "AI ์ข…๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ .
01:09
I don't buy it."
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
So it's not my opinion.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
01:13
It's the opinion of the journalist who wrote the particular article.
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์“ด ๊ธฐ์ž์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:16
So he's just saying, or she is saying, another warning about the AI, the artificial intelligence,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ, ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ, ์ข…๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
apocalypse, people think we're coming into a major, major catastrophe dealing with artificial
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์•™์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:29
intelligence.
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01:30
And the journalist says, I don't buy it, meaning they don't necessarily agree with it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
So what I do, I'll read it once just for you to get the gist of what it's about, then I'll
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ์š”์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ฝ๊ณ  , ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์—
01:40
read it a second time putting some stress on certain words, and then I'll come back
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
and I'll give you an explanation as to the meaning of those particular words.
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ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
Okay, so let's start.
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์ž, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
And here's the text.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
So I read it once for you just to get a gist and then a second time to get a better understanding.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์š”์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ฝ๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
01:57
And I'll come back and give you the particular words and expressions that I've highlighted,
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๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด
02:01
so you get a meaning and how we can use them.
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ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:05
So here's the first reading just for the just AI tools like Chat GPT are everywhere.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š” Chat GPT์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ AI ๋„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. AI ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:12
It is the combination of computational power, and availability of data that has led to a
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๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:17
surge in AI technology.
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02:20
But the reason models such as Chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular splash is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Chat GPT ๋ฐ Bard์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:26
that they have hit our own homes, with around 100 million people currently using them.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์•ฝ 1์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
This has led to a very fraught public debate, it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐœ ํ† ๋ก ์ด ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด
02:38
will be affected one way or another by AI and some companies are holding back on recruitment
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AI์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:45
to see which jobs can be automated.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฑ„์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Fears about AI can move markets, as we saw yesterday when Pearson shares tumbled over
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AI์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์€ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:54
concerns that AI would disrupt its business.
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02:59
And looming above the day to day debate are the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
03:04
long term dangers of AI technologies, often from loud and arguably authoritative voices
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AI ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ข…์ข… ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ํฌ๊ณ  ๊ถŒ์œ„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
belonging to executives, and researchers who developed these technologies?
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03:17
So are people right to raise the spectre of apocalyptic AI driven destruction?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ AI ์ฃผ๋„ ํŒŒ๊ดด์˜ ๋ง๋ น์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:24
In my view, no.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
I agree that there are some sobering risks.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
But people are beginning to understand that these are socio technical systems that is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
03:35
not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle of code data subjective parameters,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฝ”๋“œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜
03:43
and people.
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์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌถ์Œ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
AI's end users and the direction it develops, aren't inevitable, and addressing the risks
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AI์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์™€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:52
of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed.
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AI์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems, open AI, the company
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ˜• AI,
04:04
behind chat GPT, some of them are pretty well, it recognises that while a lot has been done
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์ฑ„ํŒ… GPT ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ
04:11
to root out racism and other forms of hate from chat, GP tes responses, manipulation,
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์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ GP๋Š” ์‘๋‹ต, ์กฐ์ž‘
04:18
and hallucination, which means producing content that is nonsensical or untruthful, essentially
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๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:25
making stuff up still happen.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
I'm confident that trial and era plus burgeoning research in this area will help.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค์™€ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
Okay, so that's the article.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
So basically, what the journalist is saying is giving his opinion about the current surge
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ธ๋ก ์ธ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ •๋„ ๋„์ž…๋œ
04:43
in the interest in artificial intelligence in particular systems such as Chat GPT and
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Chat GPT ๋ฐ Bard์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•˜๊ณ 
04:49
Bard which have been introduced in the last six months or so and there are lots and lots
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€
04:54
of people around the world using it.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„.
04:56
But there are also frustrations because the imp act of Chat GPT and other artificial intelligence
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Chat GPT ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด
05:03
on current jobs is huge.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
And people, of course, are panicking and worried as to what the future will hold for jobs.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:10
So this particular journalist believes that balance is important that yes, these issues
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋Š” ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€
05:16
are there.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
But we shouldn't be overly concerned.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
And like everything else, we should learn to embrace these new developments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
They happen to be my own opinion, I think that's actually quite right, that it's senseless
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:29
and difficult to push them aside and ban them or try to ban them because they will be there
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์ณ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฝค ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:34
anyway.
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.
05:35
So we might as well embrace what is there and tried to work for the good and the better
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์„ ๊ณผ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:40
of everyone.
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.
05:41
Okay, so et me read it to you a second time a little bit more slowly.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Okay, so that you can understand it.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก.
05:47
And then I'll give you a meaning of the words that I've highlighted.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:51
AI tools like Chat GPT are everywhere.
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Chat GPT์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ AI ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. AI ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:55
It is the combination of computational power and availability of data that has led to a
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๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:01
surge in AI technology.
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.
06:03
But the reason models such as Chat GPT and Bard have made such a spectacular splash is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Chat GPT ๋ฐ Bard์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:10
that they have hit our own homes, with around 100 million people currently using them.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์•ฝ 1์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
This has led to a very fraught public debate, it is predicted that a quarter of all jobs
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐœ ํ† ๋ก ์ด ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด
06:23
will be affected one way or another by AI and some companies are holding back on recruitment
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AI์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
06:30
to see which jobs can be automated.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฑ„์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
fears about AI can move markets.
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AI์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
And as we saw yesterday, when Pearson shares tumbled over concerns that AI would disrupt
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด์ œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ Pearson ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋Š” AI๊ฐ€ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๋กœ ํญ๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:42
its business.
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.
06:44
And looming about the day to day debate, or the sometimes apocalyptic warnings about the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ํฌ๊ณ  ๊ถŒ์œ„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” AI ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:50
long term dangers of AI technologies, often from loud and arguably authoritative voices
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06:57
belonging to executives and researchers who developed these technologies.
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.
07:03
So are people right to raise the spectre of apocalyptic AI driven destruction?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ AI ์ฃผ๋„ ํŒŒ๊ดด์˜ ๋ง๋ น์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:10
In my view?
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—?
07:11
No.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์ •์‹ ์ด
07:12
I agree that there are some sobering risks.
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๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
But people are beginning to understand that these are socio technical systems that is
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
07:21
not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle of code, data, subjective parameters,
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฝ”๋“œ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜
07:28
and people.
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๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋–ผ๋ ค์•ผ ๋—„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌถ์Œ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
AI's end users and the direction it develops, aren't inevitable, and addressing the risks
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AI์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์™€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:37
of AI isn't simply a question of stop or proceed.
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AI์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Companies are aware of these issues as they work on new systems.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:46
Open AI, the company behind Chat GPT sums them up pretty well.
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Chat GPT์˜ ๋ฐฐํ›„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ Open AI๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์š”์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
It recognises that while a lot has been done to root out racism, and other forms of hate
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์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ Chat GPT์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ฆ์˜ค๋Š”
07:59
from Chat GPT is responses, manipulation and hallucination, which means producing content
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์‘๋‹ต, ์กฐ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š”
08:06
that is nonsensical or untruthful essentially made up still happen.
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:12
I'm confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research in this area will help.
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์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค์™€ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Okay, so there's the article as I explained before, just the argument that's going on
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ „์— ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€
08:24
these days between should we or should we not embrace or try to ban all of this new
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
08:30
issues this new media this new these new platforms such as Chat GPT and Bard, okay, so the words
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, Chat GPT ๋ฐ Bard์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
that I've highlighted.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
The first word is computational, computational, so just be careful with the pronunciation,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ , ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์  ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:46
okay?
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08:48
Computational.
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์ „์‚ฐ.
08:49
Computational means about calculating something.
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์ „์‚ฐ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
08:53
So when you calculate how much you need, it's a computation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
You carried out a computation and of course, all the algorithms that we use computational
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
09:03
power to identify how to use these particular artificial intelligence platforms, computational.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:13
Second word surge, and we have it here led to a surge and AI technology, a surge means
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ธ‰์ƒ์Šน, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ธ‰๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„ AI ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๊ธ‰๋“ฑ์€
09:19
a sudden increase.
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๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
So if there's a power blackout in certain countries, it's often because there has been
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ • ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ •์ „์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
09:27
a surge in demand.
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์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
So in particularly cold winters, people switch on their heating.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ์ถ”์šด ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ผญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:34
As a result, there's a surge in demand for electricity, and that might result in a blackout.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ „๋ ฅ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์ฆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์ „์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
So surge as a sudden increase.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:43
Or if there's heavy rains and floods in a river there may be a surge of water a sudden
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์— ํญ์šฐ์™€ ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์˜
09:50
increase in the flow of the water that causes flooding, surge, so it's a noun, okay?
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ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ”๋žŒ, ์„œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
And for pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด.
09:58
Take the word around.
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์ฃผ์œ„์— ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ ๊ฐ€๋ผ.
10:00
Ah, and just put the s on the front of it, surge, a surge in demand.
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•ž์— s๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์„ธ์š”. ๊ธ‰์ฆ, ์ˆ˜์š” ๊ธ‰์ฆ.
10:05
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:06
Third word frought fraught.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Now think of the word taught, teach taught.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:14
And now from fraught.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฑฑ์ •์—์„œ.
10:16
So get your pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์–ป์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:19
In the article, we have this has led to a very fraught, public debate.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ณต๊ฐœ ํ† ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
Fraught means very difficult, very niggly, very argumentative.
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Fraught๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
It's not everybody in agreement with each other people are arguing on one side, other
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
10:36
people are arguing on the other side.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋‹คํˆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
So, it is fraught, it means it is difficult, and we have this expression in English fraught
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:44
with difficulties, there are problems.
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. ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
So it's not an easy passage, it's not going to be smooth.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‰ฌ์šด ํ†ต๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์›ํ™œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
It's fraught, public debate or fraught, public opinion.
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๊ฑฑ์ •, ๊ณต๊ฐœ ํ† ๋ก  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฑ์ •, ์—ฌ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
Number four to hold back on.
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๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•  ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ.
11:00
In the article we said companies are holding back on recruitment.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ฑ„์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
So to hold back on something is to delay.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€์—ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
Okay, so companies are holding back on recruitment, because they want to see can they get away
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์ฑ„์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:12
without recruiting people and just use artificial intelligence, of course, it will go straight
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฑ„์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:17
to the bottom line.
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.
11:19
So to hold back on something means to prevent it from being issued.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
So perhaps is an article and the publisher said, No, let's hold back on publishing that
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฒŒ์‹œ์ž๊ฐ€ ' ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ํ•ด๋‹น
11:29
article for a few days, meaning, let's delay publishing that article for a few days to
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณด๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:35
hold back on.
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.
11:36
And of course, if you do like this particular lesson, then please like the video, and if
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:42
you can subscribe to the channel because it really, really helps.
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์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
To tumble over.
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๋„˜์–ด์ง€๋‹ค.
11:48
Okay, now, here we're talking about financial aspects, the shares and a leading publishing
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฌ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฃผ์‹๊ณผ Pearson์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ ๋„์ ์ธ ์ถœํŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:54
company called Pearson, the shares tumbled over concerns so they tumbled mean, they fell.
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12:02
So in something tumbles, it falls, so the value of the shares fell over the concerns
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์–ด์ง€๋ฉด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
12:08
about artificial intelligence and its impact on the company's business.
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
So they, this is the reason why the shares fell, they tumbled over concerns that AI would
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์‹์ด ํ•˜๋ฝํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ AI๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค์— ๊ตด๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:19
and here's the next word, disrupt their business.
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.
12:23
So when something is disrupted, so it doesn't stop completely, but it is made more difficult.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
So businesses disrupted.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
So for example, if there was a train strike, or a strike by doctors, then travelling and
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ด์ฐจ ํŒŒ์—… ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์‚ฌ ํŒŒ์—…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ด์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์–ด ์—ฌํ–‰๊ณผ
12:40
trains will be difficult because it will be disrupted, you're not sure whether your train
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์—ด์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ด์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:44
is running or not.
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.
12:46
Or if you have to have an operation to get your knee replaced, or whatever it might be.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
If there are no doctors, then the operations the shedule of operations will also be disrupted.
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์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์ผ์ •๋„ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Some will happen, some will not.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
So when we disrupt something, we cause problems, difficulties, it doesn't stop entirely, but
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
13:05
it's not easy to get things done.
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์ผ์„ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
So not easy to travel.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
During a train strike, there will be a lot of disruption, not easy to have normal, everyday
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์—ด์ฐจ ํŒŒ์—… ์ค‘์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:14
operations in the hospital.
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.
13:16
When there's a doctor strike, it will cause some disruption.
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์˜์‚ฌ ํŒŒ์—…์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
13:20
Now, the next word we have is looming.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:24
So, and looming above the day-to-day debate.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ ์œ„์— ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
So when something looms, it's sort of hanging there, waiting to fall.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
For example, if you're looking out the window, whether called October, November day, there
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, 10์›”์ด๋“  11์›”์ด๋“  ์ฐฝ ๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
13:40
might often be some fog around so the fog looms over the streets sort of just hangs
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์–ด ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
13:46
there and makes it very difficult for you to see through that fog, it looms or if something
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๋ณด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด
13:53
looms, it's just hang in there and you're waiting for something to happen.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
So if a factory or a business is going to close or there are concerns or rumours that
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณต์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ซ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
14:03
the company has financial difficulties, then there's looming over the city, this uncertainty
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์ •์  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋„์‹œ ์ „์ฒด์—
14:09
whether people are going to lose their job so looms something that just hangs there.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:15
And in the article we said, and looming above the day-to-day debate, so something was in
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ์˜ ํ† ๋ก  ์œ„์— ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฐ ์ถ”
14:21
the air hanging their over their heads, like a big weight waiting to fall.
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์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:27
Okay, looms.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ง๊ธฐ.
14:28
Number eight, the next word is sobering.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
In the article we say, I agree that there are some sobering risks sober is when you're
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
14:38
not affected by alcohol, you're sober, but sobering risks are risks that make you sit
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์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์•‰์•„์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:45
up and think.
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.
14:46
Okay, so in this article, they're talking about the possible apocalyptic destruction
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ข…๋ง๋ก ์  ํŒŒ๊ดด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:53
that artificial intelligence will cause.
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.
14:56
And this person writing the article says they don't agree with this but there are some sobering
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
15:02
risks meaning there are some risks that you really need to think about.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋“œ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:06
You can't just avoid them and put your head in the sand.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ž˜์— ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ •์‹ ์ด
15:09
So sobering risks, risks that are out there that are real and you need to think about.
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๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜, ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
The next word inextricable now here, just want to focus on the pronunciation first of
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด inextricable์€ ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ์„  ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
all, okay, so inextricable, inextricable, inextricable, inextricable inextricable inextricable,
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15:32
inextricable Now, what does it mean?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
Inextricable means something that cannot be separated.
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Inextricable์€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:43
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
15:44
And the article they say this is that is not just neutral tools, but an inextricable bundle
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋„๊ตฌ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
15:52
of code data, subjective parameters, and people, meaning these things cannot be separated.
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์ฝ”๋“œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋–ผ๋ ค์•ผ ๋—„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌถ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
It's all part of the same problem, the problem about artificial intelligence, they're inextricable
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์ฆ‰ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
all the issues are inextricable, they cannot be separated.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:10
In countries often we talk about the inextricable link between state and church where often
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ตํšŒ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋—„๋ž˜์•ผ ๋—„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ
16:18
you know what the church does, what the state does are exactly the same.
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๊ตํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
So this inextricable link, okay, so we have to be really careful about the pronunciation.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ •๋ง ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
And then also to get the correct meaning inextricable.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„.
16:32
Next word inevitable, little bit easier to pronounce inevitable.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
And here in the article, we say, the use of artificial intelligence at the end of the
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
16:42
day, and the direction in which it develops aren't inevitable.
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๊ณผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
So inevitable means something that this is going to happen no matter what.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:50
So, you know, the end of the day is always inevitable, we get up in the morning at seven
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์˜ ๋์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์นจ 7์‹œ๋‚˜ 8์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:55
or 8am.
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16:56
The surest thing is that we will go to bed it when it's dark at 10, 11, or 12.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 10์‹œ, 11์‹œ ๋˜๋Š” 12์‹œ์— ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:02
So the day at the end of the day is inevitable, you can't stop it happening.
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.
17:07
In the article, they say, this change isn't inevitable, meaning it doesn't have to be
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ
17:12
something that will happen, but we can make changes.
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์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:16
So inevitable is something that is always going to happen inevitable.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
As soon as night follows day, it's inevitable.
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๋ฐค์ด ๋‚ฎ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค์ž๋งˆ์ž ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
We are born, we live we die, it's inevitable.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ , ์‚ด๊ณ , ์ฃฝ๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
That certain things in life that are inevitable life, death, and taxes was a famous quotation.
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์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ธ์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
So the people are born, people die, and people pay taxes inevitable, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃฝ๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:42
And the next expression would have to root out something, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:47
And here, they say to root out racism.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
So to root out something means to get rid of it, okay.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:53
So if you're digging in the garden, and you dig up a big tree, you literally root it out,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์›์—์„œ ๋•…์„ ํŒŒ๊ณ  ํฐ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๋ฉด ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ
18:00
meaning you dig up all the roots that hold the tree into the ground, or you've got a
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๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:06
problem in your office or you've got a problem in the school, you try to root out the cause
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์›์ธ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:12
of the problem.
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18:13
You know, if there's somebody who's been disruptive, you might tell them, they need to find some
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ
18:18
other place to work all this a pupil who's been disruptive, you might send him home from
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ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์ผํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฅผ
18:23
school for a few days or a few weeks, or tell the parents that this child is causing problems.
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๋ฉฐ์น  ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ.
18:29
And we have to root out bullying or racism within the school.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต ๋‚ด ๊ดด๋กญํž˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:33
And if the child doesn't improve the behaviour, then they will be asked to leave.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
So to root out something is to get rid of it, dig it up and throw it out, to root out.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฝ‘๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒŒ๋‚ด์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:45
And then number 12.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  12๋ฒˆ.
18:47
To make up in the article says to make up stuff.
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18:51
We make up stories.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:52
Kids make up stories all the time.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
They make up little friends that don't really exist.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:58
They make up stories, why they didn't do their homework, they make up stories, why they don't
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™œ ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์™œ
19:03
want to go to school because they've got a headache or a pain in the tummy.
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๋‘ํ†ต์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒŒ์„œ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
So people are constantly making up stuff, making up stories that are not really true,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
19:12
either to impress somebody, or to get something that they want to make up in our article here
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜
19:18
that talking again about this whole Chat GPT where they tried to root out racism and also
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์ „์ฒด Chat GPT์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๋˜ํ•œ
19:25
this idea where people make up stories that are not really true, but people for some strange
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ƒํ•œ
19:30
reason believe it.
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์ด์œ ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
Okay, so to root out those people making stuff up or making up stuff.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
19:37
And then finally, we have another word quite difficult on the tongue for pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:43
Burgeoning, burgeoning.
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๊ธ‰์ฆ, ๊ธ‰์ฆ.
19:45
Now make sure you've got the g sound burgeoning.
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์ด์ œ g ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹นํŠธ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:50
Yeah.
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์‘.
19:51
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
19:52
So it's like, again, the word urge, got a g.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ถฉ๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” g๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:56
Urge.
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์ถฉ๊ณ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
19:57
And then burge burgeoning.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:59
Okay, now burgeoning means growing quickly or developing or expanding.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
So here they're talking about, I am confident that trial and error plus burgeoning research,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ
20:12
lots of increasing or growing research in this area will help.
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์—์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:17
Okay, so we might have a burgeoning economy, an economy that started off small, but year
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด๊ฐ€
20:24
by year is getting bigger and bigger and bigger burgeoning.
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๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:27
So let me give you the pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:30
Again, burgeoning, burgeoning, burgeoning, burgeoning.
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
Okay, so a burgeoning economy, burgeoning research.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ.
20:41
Okay, so they're their words, we have 13 In total, let me run through them again, quickly.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์ด๊ตฐ์š”. ์ด 13๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:48
Computational search, fraught, to hold back on, to tumble over, to disrupt, to loom or
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์ „์‚ฐ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰, ๊ฑฑ์ •, ์–ต์ œ, ๋„˜์–ด์ง, ๋ฐฉํ•ด, ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ถ„์˜,
21:01
looming, sobering, inextricable, inevitable, to root out, to make up stuff, and then finally
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
21:15
burgeoning.
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์‹นํŠธ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
Okay, so hopefully you've enjoyed that particular article, AI and all this issue about Chat
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Chat GPT์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ AI ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ˜ธ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:21
GPT.
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.
21:22
Chat GPT is really top of the agenda these days, everybody is talking about it.
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์ฑ„ํŒ… GPT๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
You know, everybody is looking out for it.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
Everybody's practising.
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์—ฐ์Šต์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
We tried it ourselves here just to see what we could get.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:33
And the results are quite, quite amazing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
Okay, so if there's anything else that you require in relation to this article, or the
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๊ธ€๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ
21:40
words or the phrase of the expressions, as I said at the beginning, give me a call, send
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ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:45
me an email, and we'll try to help you out.
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๋„ˆ๋‚˜๊ฐ€.
21:47
Okay, this is Harry's always thanking you for listening and for watching, and remember,
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ง€์ผœ๋ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋‘์„ธ์š”.
21:51
join me for the next lesson.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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