Discover the History of English

2,793,519 views ・ 2016-04-14

Learn English with Gill


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
Hello. I'm Gill from engVid,
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ €λŠ” engVid의 Gillμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:04
and today... As you know, I usually teach an aspect of the English language,
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그리고 였늘... μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ €λŠ” 보톡 μ˜μ–΄μ˜ ν•œ 츑면을 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜μ§€
00:11
but today, we're going to be looking at the English language from
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만 μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό
00:15
a different perspective, a different angle, and looking at the history of the language
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 관점, λ‹€λ₯Έ 각도, μ˜μ–΄κ°€ 항상 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 방식이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ–Έμ–΄μ˜ 역사
00:23
and how it has developed, because the English language hasn't always been the way it is today.
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와 그것이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°œμ „ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:33
It's developed over hundreds and hundreds of years.
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수백 년에 걸쳐 κ°œλ°œλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:38
Now, today, hundreds of millions of people speak English all over the world, whether
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μ–΅ λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
it's their first language or their second language, or just one of the foreign languages
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λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄λ“  제2 μ™Έκ΅­μ–΄λ“  μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄
00:52
that they speak and learn at school, and so on. So, hundreds of millions of people speak
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ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ λ§ν•˜κ³  λ°°μš°λŠ” μ™Έκ΅­μ–΄ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ“  λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μˆ˜μ–΅ λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:01
English and learn English. But hundreds of years ago, the English language that we know
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μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜κ³  μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό λ°°μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 수백 λ…„ μ „, μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ–΄λŠ”
01:08
today didn't really exist. It sort of got put together gradually by different historical
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 역사적 사건에 μ˜ν•΄ μ μ§„μ μœΌλ‘œ ν†΅ν•©λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:18
events. So we're going to go back in history now, and have a look at a timeline.
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. 이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 과거둜 λŒμ•„κ°€ νƒ€μž„λΌμΈμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
I don't know if you've seen a timeline before, but it is literally the time, the years going
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이전에 νƒ€μž„λΌμΈμ„ λ³Έ 적이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ 문자 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™Όμͺ½μ—μ„œ 였λ₯Έμͺ½μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” μ—°λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
from left to right, like you get on a graph if you've done graphs, and the time goes across
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01:44
along the line. So the different developments that happened can be shown on that line. So
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ°œμ „μ„ ν•΄λ‹Ή 라인에 ν‘œμ‹œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
01:52
we're starting here in 55 BC, hundreds of years ago, and we're coming up to... Well, beyond.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 수백 λ…„ 전인 기원전 55년에 μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:02
We have 1066, here, but because I ran out of space on the board, the time went
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” 1066이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μΉ νŒμ— 곡간이 λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄
02:08
on for such a long time, I couldn't get all the centuries in, but I will still tell you
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ 였래 κ±Έλ € λͺ¨λ“  μ„ΈκΈ°λ₯Ό λ‹€ 담을 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλž˜λ„
02:15
about them. Okay. But these are the very interesting parts, which are on the board.
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그에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이것듀은 λ³΄λ“œμ— μžˆλŠ” 맀우 ν₯미둜운 λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
So, 55 BC, the Roman invasion of Britain, of the U.K., where we are at the moment.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, BC 55λ…„, 둜마의 브리튼 침곡 , ν˜„μž¬ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ˜κ΅­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
So, you've heard of the Roman Empire with Julius Caesar and all the other Caesars, the Roman
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ€„λ¦¬μ–΄μŠ€ μ‹œμ €μ™€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ €λ“€μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 둜마 제ꡭ,
02:40
Empire that spread in different directions, and Britain is one of the directions they
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©ν–₯으둜 퍼진 둜마 μ œκ΅­μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μ—ˆκ³ , λΈŒλ¦¬νŠΌμ€ 그듀이 퍼진 λ°©ν–₯ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:47
spread in. They came here, and stayed for a while, and built some nice buildings, and
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. 그듀은 이곳에 μ™€μ„œ μž μ‹œ λ¨Έλ¬Όλ €κ³  , λ©‹μ§„ 건물 λͺ‡ 채λ₯Ό μ§€μ—ˆκ³  μŠ€μ½”ν‹€λžœλ“œμ™€ 영ꡭ
02:55
they built a wall that goes across between Scotland and England, called Hadrian's Wall,
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사이λ₯Ό κ°€λ‘œμ§€λ₯΄λŠ” μž₯벽을 μ„Έμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
because the Emperor at the time was called Hadrian. So, anyway, when they came and stayed
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ ν™©μ œλŠ” ν•˜λ“œλ¦¬μ•„λˆ„μŠ€λΌκ³  뢈렸기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  그듀이 μ™€μ„œ
03:09
for some time, they brought their language with them, the Latin language. Okay? And the
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μ–Όλ§ˆ λ™μ•ˆ λ¨Έλ¬Ό λ•Œ 그듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 언어인 라틴어λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ³  μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ’‹μ•„μš”? 그리고
03:19
Latin language, it's called a dead language today, but it has influenced so many other
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λΌν‹΄μ–΄λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  죽은 언어라고 λΆˆλ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ§Žμ€
03:26
languages, especially in Southern Europe,
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μ–Έμ–΄, 특히 남뢀 μœ λŸ½μ— 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
so languages like Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, they all come from Latin.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ΄νƒˆλ¦¬μ•„μ–΄, ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄, μŠ€νŽ˜μΈμ–΄, 포λ₯΄νˆ¬κ°ˆμ–΄μ™€ 같은 μ–Έμ–΄λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
So, in this country, in the English language,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ
03:45
we have had the Latin influence at different times. So, the Romans brought their Latin
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹œκΈ°μ— λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ˜ 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‘œλ§ˆμΈλ“€μ€ 라틴어λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:51
language with them. Okay? So that influenced the way people were speaking to each other
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 지남에 따라 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 방식에 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:58
as time went on. And the natives of this country started learning Latin words, and it became
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. 그리고 이 λ‚˜λΌμ˜ 원주민듀은 라틴어 단어λ₯Ό 배우기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ , 그것은
04:06
integrated into the language.
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언어에 ν†΅ν•©λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Okay, so let's have a look at some of the words that we use today that were influenced
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 단어 쀑 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•˜
04:19
or that came from Latin words. Right? And we have this pie chart, here, which you may
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κ±°λ‚˜ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜ν•œ 단어λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였λ₯Έμͺ½? 그리고 여기에 이 β€‹β€‹νŒŒμ΄ μ°¨νŠΈκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
know if you've been studying things for IELTS and the writing task. A pie chart... So, the
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IELTS 와 μž‘λ¬Έ 과제λ₯Ό κ³΅λΆ€ν•œ 적이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ›ν˜• 차트... λ”°λΌμ„œ
04:37
whole circle represents 100%. So if you're thinking of all the words in the English language
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원 전체가 100%λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜„μž¬ μ˜μ–΄μ— μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  단어λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
04:45
at the moment, Latin, the Latin words that came from... Partly from the Roman invasion,
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라틴어, λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜ν•œ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 둜마의 μΉ¨λž΅μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
we have 29% of the words in the English language have come from a Latin origin, from a source,
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μ˜μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 29%λŠ” 라틴어 기원, 좜처,
05:05
Latin source. Okay. So here are just a few of very words that we use every day, really.
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라틴어 좜처. μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여기에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀일 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Words like: "human", "animal", "dental" to do with the teeth, "decimal" which is to do
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"인간", "동물", μΉ˜μ•„μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ "치과", 손가락이 10κ°œμ΄λ―€λ‘œ 손가락과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ "μ‹­μ§„μˆ˜",
05:23
with the fingers because we have 10 fingers, "decimal", and "digital", also fingers, "factory"
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"μ‹­μ§„μˆ˜", "λ””μ§€ν„Έ", 손가락, "곡μž₯"κ³Ό 같은 단어 "
05:33
where things are made, manufacture, "library" where you read books, "libre" meaning book,
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물건이 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” κ³³, 제쑰, 책을 μ½λŠ” "λ„μ„œκ΄€", 책을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” "libre
05:41
"library", the building where the books are kept, "manual" to do with if you do things
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", 책을 λ³΄κ΄€ν•˜λŠ” 건물인 "λ„μ„œκ΄€", μ†μœΌλ‘œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ©΄ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” "μˆ˜λ™"μ—μ„œ
05:48
with your hand it comes from the Latin word for "hand", "manual". "Lunar" to do with the
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μ˜¨λ‹€. "손", "μˆ˜λ™"을 λœ»ν•˜λŠ” 라틴어. "Lunar"λŠ” 달과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:56
moon, because the Latin word for the moon was "luna", "luna".
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. 달에 λŒ€ν•œ 라틴어 단어가 "luna", "luna"μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
And "solar" to do with the sun, again, because the Latin word was like that, "solar".
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그리고 "νƒœμ–‘"은 λ‹€μ‹œ νƒœμ–‘κ³Ό 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 라틴어 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” "νƒœμ–‘"κ³Ό κ°™μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
"Military", anything to do with soldiers because the Latin
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"ꡰ사", 라틴
06:17
Roman Empire soldiers were... That was the word that was
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둜마 제ꡭ의 κ΅°μΈλ“€μ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ꡰ인듀과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λͺ¨λ“  것... 그것은
06:21
used for "soldiers". "Melees" I think. And we also get our "mile", the distance, the
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"ꡰ인"에 μ‚¬μš©λœ λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ·Όμ ‘"이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 우리의 "마일", 거리,
06:29
mile from that, because that was the distance that they would march, I think, before they
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κ·Έκ²ƒμœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°μ˜ λ§ˆμΌμ„ μ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그것은 그듀이
06:34
had a rest or something like that. So "military" is to do with soldiers. "Science" to do with
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νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κΈ° 전에 ν–‰μ§„ν•  κ±°λ¦¬μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "κ΅°λŒ€"λŠ” ꡰ인과 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 지식과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ "κ³Όν•™"
06:43
knowledge. "Science", and "station", the railway station, the bus station is a place where
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. "κ³Όν•™"κ³Ό "μ—­", κΈ°μ°¨μ—­, λ²„μŠ€ μ •λ₯˜μž₯은
06:52
you stand still before you move off, and that also comes from a Latin word to be static
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μΆœλ°œν•˜κΈ° 전에 κ°€λ§Œνžˆ μ„œ μžˆλŠ” 곳이며, 이 μ—­μ‹œ ν•œ 곳에 μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ μžˆμœΌλΌλŠ” λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:59
in one place. Okay. Okay, so that's the Latin. You'll notice also that later on in history,
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”. μ’‹μ•„μš”, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ˜ν•œ μ—­μ‚¬μ˜ ν›„λ°˜λΆ€μ—
07:09
Latin kept coming back, so there and there, but that's the Latin from these three points
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라틴어가 계속 λŒμ•„μ™”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ±°κΈ° μ €κΈ°, ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 방문자λ₯Ό κ°€μ‘Œμ„ λ•Œ 이 μ„Έ μ§€μ μ˜ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:19
in history when we had visitors of one sort or another.
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.
07:24
Okay, so let's move on then, the next major event. I've put 450 AD, but I'm going to start
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 그럼 λ‹€μŒ μ£Όμš” 이벀트둜 λ„˜μ–΄κ°‘μ‹œλ‹€. μ €λŠ” 450 ADλ₯Ό λ„£μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ 더 κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κΈ°
07:32
putting century numbers now, because it's simpler. So, 5th... The 5th century, okay,
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λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 이제 μ„ΈκΈ° 숫자λ₯Ό λ„£κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, 5μ„ΈκΈ°... 5μ„ΈκΈ°, μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
07:40
Germanic migration. That's people from roughly where Germany is today in the mainland Europe
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게λ₯΄λ§Œ 이주. 그것은 λŒ€λž΅ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  독일이 μžˆλŠ” 유럽 λ³Έν† μ—μ„œ
07:50
moved across. Okay? From the Saxon, Saxon area of Germany. Saxony. So, the language
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κ±΄λ„ˆμ˜¨ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? Saxonμ—μ„œ, λ…μΌμ˜ Saxon μ§€μ—­. μƒ‰μŠ€λ‹ˆ ν„Έμ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
08:00
they brought with them was a kind of... Well, it became Anglo-Saxon, because it got merged
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그듀이 κ°€μ Έμ˜¨ μ–Έμ–΄λŠ” μΌμ’…μ˜... 음, μ•΅κΈ€λ‘œ μƒ‰μŠ¨μ–΄κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:08
with the English we already had, the Anglo part, with the Saxon part added. It... And
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이미 κ°€μ§€κ³  있던 μ˜μ–΄μΈ μ•΅κΈ€λ‘œ 뢀뢄에 μƒ‰μŠ¨μ–΄ 뢀뢄이 μΆ”κ°€λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은... 그리고
08:16
that's another name for that is Old English, Old English, which looks totally different
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그것은 κ³ λŒ€ μ˜μ–΄, κ³ λŒ€ μ˜μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
from the English we have today. So they brought a different language with them, and that got
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ™€λŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ³  μ™”κ³ , 그것이
08:31
all mixed in. If you think of a big cooking pot and different ingredients being put in,
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λͺ¨λ‘ μ„žμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 큰 냄비에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 재료λ₯Ό λ„£κ³  μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 지남에
08:36
and it just keeps cooking and cooking over time, that's how it was developing. Okay.
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따라 계속 μš”λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μš”λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ°œμ „ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
08:44
So, Germanic. Let's have a look at how much Germanic language there is in English today.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 게λ₯΄λ§Œ. μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ˜μ–΄μ— μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄κ°€ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
08:53
So, looking at our pie chart again, we've got Germanic 26%, so just over a quarter of
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λ‹€μ‹œ 파이 차트λ₯Ό 보면 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄κ°€ 26%μ΄λ―€λ‘œ
09:02
the words in the English language today come from a Germanic source. And I've put some
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ˜μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 4λΆ„μ˜ 1 이상이 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄ μΆœμ²˜μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
little abbreviations here; Old English, Middle English, Old Norse, and Dutch.
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여기에 μ•½κ°„μ˜ μ•½μ–΄λ₯Ό λ„£μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³ λŒ€ μ˜μ–΄, 쀑세 μ˜μ–΄, κ³ λŒ€ λ…Έλ₯΄μ›¨μ΄μ–΄, λ„€λœλž€λ“œμ–΄.
09:18
These are all roughly sort of from the Germanic area,
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이것듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ λŒ€λž΅μ μœΌλ‘œ 게λ₯΄λ§Œ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ 온 것이고,
09:22
and the Dutch words as well are all mixed in there, too,
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λ„€λœλž€λ“œλ„ 그리 λ©€μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ„€λœλž€λ“œ 단어도 λͺ¨λ‘ μ„žμ—¬ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:27
because Holland isn't that far away either.
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.
09:31
Okay. So, let's just see a few examples of
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. 이제 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄ 단어 의 λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:40
the Germanic words. They're often quite short words and words we use every day, like "above",
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. "above",
09:49
"again", "and", "apple", "bad" and "good",
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"again", "and", "apple", "bad", "good",
09:56
"cake", "eat" and "drink",
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"cake", "eat", "drink"와 같이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀일 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 맀우 짧은 λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ,
10:01
parts of the body especially, "eye" and "feet" and "arm", "boy" and "girl",
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μ‹ μ²΄μ˜ 일뢀, 특히 "눈"κ³Ό "발"κ³Ό "νŒ”", "μ†Œλ…„"κ³Ό "μ†Œλ…€",
10:09
these are all the Germanic type of words.
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이듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄ μœ ν˜•μ˜ λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
"House", "hand", "bread", so parts of the body. "Food", all of that kind of thing.
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"μ§‘", "손", "λΉ΅", κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹ μ²΄μ˜ 일뢀 . "μŒμ‹", 그런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  것.
10:25
Okay, so that's that one.
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μ’‹μ•„, 그게 λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έκ±°μ•Ό.
10:28
So moving on, in the 6th century, before this, we had been what you call a Pagan country,
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6μ„ΈκΈ° 이전에 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이λ₯Έλ°” 이ꡐ도 κ΅­κ°€,
10:37
sort of pre-Christianity. In the 6th century, Saint Augustine came and started converting
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μΌμ’…μ˜ 기독ꡐ 이전 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 6세기에 μ„± μ–΄κ±°μŠ€ν‹΄μ΄ μ™€μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κΈ°λ…κ΅λ‘œ κ°œμ’…μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:47
people to Christianity. Okay. And that meant bringing languages with him, like the Bible
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 그리고 그것은 κ·Έμ—κ²Œ
10:55
that was written in these different languages, other books, books of learning. So, again,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œ μ“°μ—¬μ§„ μ„±κ²½, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ±…, λ°°μ›€μ˜ μ±…κ³Ό 같은 μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ
11:02
Latin came in. And Greek as well came in, and Hebrew all came with the Christianity,
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라틴어가 λ“€μ–΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄λ„ λ“€μ–΄μ™”κ³ , νžˆλΈŒλ¦¬μ–΄λ„ λͺ¨λ‘ 기독ꡐ와 ν•¨κ»˜ λ“€μ–΄μ™€μ„œ
11:12
which spread around the whole country. So we've covered Latin already. Let's just have
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온 λ‚˜λΌμ— νΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 라틴어λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£¨μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
a look at Greek in our pie chart to see how much influence that has had on the language
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파이 μ°¨νŠΈμ—μ„œ κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄κ°€ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  언어에 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:27
today. So looking at Greek, it's actually quite small, just 6%.
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό 보면 μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” 맀우 μž‘μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 6%에 λΆˆκ³Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:37
But they're very sort of... They're kind of words that are used in a sort of academic life,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것듀은 μ•„μ£Ό μΌμ’…μ˜... 그것듀은 μΌμ’…μ˜ 학문적 μ‚Άμ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μΌμ’…μ˜ 단어
11:48
and the word "academic" itself is one of them; "academic" is a Greek word.
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이고 "ν•™λ¬Έ"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어 μžμ²΄λ„ κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "ν•™λ¬Έ"은 κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
And "Android", if you have an Android
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그리고 "μ•ˆλ“œλ‘œμ΄λ“œ", λ§Œμ•½ 당신이 μ•ˆλ“œλ‘œμ΄λ“œ
11:56
mobile phone, you wouldn't believe that it had come from an old Greek word, but it has.
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νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ„ κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 그것이 κ³ λŒ€ 그리슀 λ‹¨μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ™”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ―Ώμ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:03
"Android". Okay? A word like "basic", "cinema" even, "climate", "democracy", "economy", "geography",
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"기계적 인쑰 인간". μ’‹μ•„μš”? "κΈ°λ³Έ", "μ˜ν™”", 심지어 "κΈ°ν›„", "민주주의", "경제", "지리",
12:14
"history", "idea" because philosophy, thinking, ideas is very important
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"역사", "이념" 같은 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” μ² ν•™, 사고, 아이디어가 맀우 μ€‘μš”
12:21
and had a big... Greece had a big influence on that.
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ν•˜κ³  큰 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. . 그것은 그리슀의 영ν–₯이 μ»ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:25
"Politics" and "technology" all come from Greek.
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"μ •μΉ˜"와 "기술"은 λͺ¨λ‘ κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:31
Okay, Hebrew, we don't have unless it's included under other one of the other influences which
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μ’‹μ•„, νžˆλΈŒλ¦¬μ–΄, λ‹€λ₯Έ 영ν–₯ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ λ‹€λ₯Έ 6%에 ν¬ν•¨λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:42
is another 6%.
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.
12:47
Okay, so moving on to a period when we had some more invasions and it wasn't
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 λ§Žμ€ μΉ¨λž΅μ„ κ²ͺμ—ˆλ˜ μ‹œκΈ°λ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€μ„œ
12:55
the Romans this time, it was people called the Vikings who came from Scandinavian countries,
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” 둜마인이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μŠ€μΉΈλ””λ‚˜λΉ„μ•„ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ 온 바이킹이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:04
so that's Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and they came across the sea and invaded. And it wasn't
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ…Έλ₯΄μ›¨μ΄, μŠ€μ›¨λ΄, 덴마크, 그리고 그듀은 λ°”λ‹€λ₯Ό κ±΄λ„ˆ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μΉ¨λž΅ν–ˆλ‹€. 그리고 그것은
13:12
just one invasion; it happened over three centuries, from the 8th to the 11th century.
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단지 ν•œ 번의 침랡이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 8μ„ΈκΈ°λΆ€ν„° 11μ„ΈκΈ°κΉŒμ§€ 3세기에 걸쳐 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:21
So the Viking invasions, and they brought their Scandinavian languages with them.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ°”μ΄ν‚Ήμ˜ 침랡과 μŠ€μΉΈλ””λ‚˜λΉ„μ•„ μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:28
And Old Norse is one of them. And as I said earlier, from this Germanic migration, this was another
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그리고 Old NorseλŠ” κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μ œκ°€ 이전에 λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄, 이 게λ₯΄λ§Œ μ΄μ£Όλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆλŠ”
13:37
sort of input into the Germanic types of languages that we have. That's why we've got 26% because
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게λ₯΄λ§Œ μœ ν˜•μ˜ 언어에 λŒ€ν•œ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μž…λ ₯μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 26%λ₯Ό 얻은 μ΄μœ λŠ”
13:46
there was such a lot coming in, a lot of words, there. Okay. Right.
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거기에 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ€ 단어가 λ“€μ–΄μ™”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. 였λ₯Έμͺ½.
13:53
So, moving on again to the... This is 11th century as well, 1066, which is a big date
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€... 이것도 μ—­μ‹œ 11세기인 1066λ…„μœΌλ‘œ
14:02
in English history. The Norman invasion. And if you know the area called Normandy in Northern France,
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영ꡭ μ—­μ‚¬μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ…Έλ₯΄λ§Œ 침곡. 그리고 ν”„λž‘μŠ€ λΆλΆ€μ˜ λ…Έλ₯΄λ§λ””λΌλŠ” 지역을 μ•ˆλ‹€λ©΄ 거기에
14:13
there's a connection, there. So, the Normans were French, and they invaded... They
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연결점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, λ…Έλ₯΄λ§ŒμΈλ“€μ€ ν”„λž‘μŠ€μΈμ΄μ—ˆκ³ , 그듀은 μΉ¨λž΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€...
14:20
came across the channel, they had a big battle near the south coast of Britain, and they
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그듀은 ν•΄ν˜‘μ„ κ±΄λ„ˆ 영ꡭ 남뢀 ν•΄μ•ˆ κ·Όμ²˜μ—μ„œ 큰 μ „νˆ¬λ₯Ό λ²Œμ˜€κ³ , μŠΉλ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ μ λ Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:27
won so they took over. So the Norman invasion, that brought French for the first time and
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 처음으둜 ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό λ„μž…ν•œ λ…Έλ₯΄λ§Œμ‘±μ˜ 침곡과
14:36
some more Latin again, because anyway, French developed from Latin, so it was a mixture
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라틴어λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ λ„μž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄λŠ” λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ λ°œμ „ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 라틴어가 ν˜Όν•©λœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:44
of that. But French for the first time, their French that had developed from Latin,
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. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 처음으둜 ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄, 라틴어 자체뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ λ°œμ „ν•œ ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄
14:50
as well as Latin itself.
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.
14:52
So, let's have a look at some of the words we use in English today that came from French sources.
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자, μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄ μΆœμ²˜μ—μ„œ 온 단어 쀑 일뢀λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
15:05
Okay. So, food, French people love food and a lot of words for food came in.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μŒμ‹, ν”„λž‘μŠ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ’‹μ•„ ν•˜κ³  μŒμ‹μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 단어듀이 λ“€μ–΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:16
So: "beef", "pork" and "veal" all come from French words. Okay?
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
15:23
But then some other interesting words that maybe were Latin originally,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν₯미둜운 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” μ›λž˜ λΌν‹΄μ–΄μ˜€μ„ μˆ˜λ„
15:29
but they became French, and then these French
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆκ³  이 ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄
15:32
words came into English and they're still with us today,
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단어가 μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ“€μ–΄μ™”κ³  μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:36
words like: "continue", "liberty",
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"κ³„μ†ν•˜λ‹€", "자유",
15:41
"justice", so a lot of legal language, words to do with the law come from French.
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"μ •μ˜", κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ§Žμ€ 법적 μ–Έμ–΄, 법과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:49
So "liberty", "justice". "Journey", if you go on a trip, a journey comes from a French word.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "자유", "μ •μ˜". "Journey", 여행을 κ°„λ‹€λ©΄ 여행은 ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:58
"People" comes from a French word for people. And even the little word "very".
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"μ‚¬λžŒ"은 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λœ»ν•˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그리고 "맀우"λΌλŠ” μž‘μ€ λ‹¨μ–΄κΉŒμ§€.
16:05
When you say: "Oh, that's very nice", "very" just is the French word for true,
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당신이 "였, κ·Έκ±° μ•„μ£Ό μ’‹μ•„μš”"라고 말할 λ•Œ, "맀우"λŠ” 사싀을 λœ»ν•˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄μ΄λ―€λ‘œ
16:11
so it means "truly", "truly nice". That is truly nice, that is very nice.
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"정말", "정말 쒋은"을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 정말 λ©‹μ§€λ„€μš”, μ•„μ£Ό λ©‹μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:18
So, a little word like "very" comes from the French word for "true". Okay.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "very"와 같은 짧은 λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” "true"λ₯Ό λœ»ν•˜λŠ” ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
16:27
Right, so we've covered Latin, French, Germanic, and Greek. And we've come up to 1066, but
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λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 라틴어, ν”„λž‘μŠ€μ–΄, 게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄ 및 κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό λ‹€λ£¨μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 1066년에 이λ₯΄λ €μ§€λ§Œ
16:39
of course, the English language didn't stop developing then. As I said, I ran out of space.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ˜μ–΄λŠ” κ·Έ λ•Œ λ°œμ „μ„ λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚΄κ°€ λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄ 곡간이 λΆ€μ‘±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:46
But other things happened, for example, in the 15th century, 16th century, people started
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 일도 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 15세기와 16세기에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
16:54
exploring the world, going off in ships and finding other countries, finding places like
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세계λ₯Ό νƒν—˜ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°°λ₯Ό 타고 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌλ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³  μ΄μ „μ—λŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό 같은 μž₯μ†Œλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:02
America that they didn't know was there before; Christopher Columbus. Also going the other
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ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€ν† νΌ μ½œλŸΌλ²„μŠ€. λ˜ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ
17:10
way, and at the Portuguese, for example, found India and China. So, people explored. So,
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λ°©ν–₯으둜, 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 포λ₯΄νˆ¬κ°ˆμ—μ„œλŠ” 인도와 쀑ꡭ을 μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ νƒκ΅¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
17:20
from the English point of view, we had explorers who went off and found things, and came back,
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μ˜μ–΄μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” νƒν—˜κ°€λ“€μ΄ λ– λ‚˜μ„œ 무언가λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³  λŒμ•„μ™”μœΌλ©°
17:28
and that also influenced the language because, for example, we got tobacco and potatoes from
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μ΄λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 언어에 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:40
America, so the words for those things were new. Okay.
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. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
17:46
And then 18th, 19th century, colonialism, British Empire, Britain became involved politically
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그리고 18μ„ΈκΈ°, 19μ„ΈκΈ°, μ‹λ―Όμ£Όμ˜, λŒ€μ˜ 제ꡭ, μ˜κ΅­μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ— μ •μΉ˜μ μœΌλ‘œ κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
17:56
in other countries, then eventually the British Empire ended and we now have the Commonwealth
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κ²°κ΅­ λŒ€μ˜ μ œκ΅­μ€ 끝났고 이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜μ—°λ°©μ„ κ°–κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
18:05
instead. And now in the 20th, 21st century, the language is still developing. We've got
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. 그리고 20μ„ΈκΈ°, 21세기인 μ§€κΈˆ, μ–Έμ–΄λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ°œμ „ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
18:12
the internet, the speed of travel. It's very easy to get on a plane and travel thousands
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인터넷, μ—¬ν–‰ 속도λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°λ₯Ό 타고 수천
18:20
of miles and go to another country, so words keep coming back from other countries, for example.
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λ§ˆμΌμ„ μ—¬ν–‰ν•˜κ³  λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 것은 맀우 μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ 단어가 계속 λŒμ•„μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:31
So looking at from the British Empire onwards, a lot of Asian words, words from
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λŒ€μ˜μ œκ΅­ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ 보면 "
18:38
the Middle East and the far east, like "balcony" and "bangle", a bangle that you wear around your
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λ°œμ½”λ‹ˆ" 와 "λ±…κΈ€", 손λͺ©μ— μ°¨λŠ” λ±…κΈ€
18:48
wrist, "bangle". A "bungalow", that's a house which is only one storey,
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, "λ±…κΈ€"κ³Ό 같은 λ§Žμ€ μ•„μ‹œμ•„ 단어, 쀑동과 κ·Ήλ™μ—μ„œ 온 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "방갈둜"λŠ” 단측인
18:55
a bungalow. We have quite a lot of those in this country.
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λ°©κ°ˆλ‘œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 λ‚˜λΌμ— κ½€ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ°€μ§€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:59
A "guru" from India, someone who you go to for advice
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μΈλ„μ—μ„œ 온 "ꡬ루", μ‘°μ–Έ
19:04
and help, "guru". A "kiosk", "pajamas" that you wear in bed at night to sleep in, "pajamas"
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κ³Ό 도움을 μœ„ν•΄ μ°Ύμ•„κ°€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒ, "ꡬ루". "맀점", 밀에 μΉ¨λŒ€μ—μ„œ μž…λŠ” "잠옷", "잠옷"은
19:11
are from an empire country. "Sandals" that you wear on your feet, sandals with spaces
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제ꡭ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°œμ— μ‹ λŠ” "μƒŒλ“€"
19:20
in between for hot weather. And even "shampoo" that you wash your hair with, "shampoo" is
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λ”μš΄ 날씨에 사이에 곡간이 μžˆλŠ” μƒŒλ“€. 그리고 머리λ₯Ό κ°λŠ” '샴푸'도 '샴푸'λŠ” 제ꡭ의
19:29
a foreign word from one of the empire countries.
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μ–΄λŠ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ 온 μ™Έλž˜μ–΄λ‹€ .
19:36
And finally... So, we were talking about the internet and technology. If you're doing the
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ... κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 인터넷과 κΈ°μˆ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ§‘μ•ˆμΌμ„ ν•˜λ©°
19:42
housework and hoovering the carpet, we also say vacuuming the carpet because you use a
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카페트λ₯Ό ν›„λ²„ν•˜λŠ” 경우 μ§„κ³΅μ²­μ†ŒκΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 카페트λ₯Ό
19:52
vacuum cleaner, but one of the major brands of vacuum cleaner is the Hoover, and that
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μ§„κ³΅μ²­μ†ŒκΈ°λΌκ³  λΆ€λ₯΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ”λ°, μ§„κ³΅μ²­μ†ŒκΈ°μ˜ μ£Όμš” λΈŒλžœλ“œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ 후버이고, κ·Έ
20:01
was the name of the maker, the Hoover. So, but that word has now become a verb "to hoover",
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λ©”μ΄μ»€μ˜ 이름도 ν›„λ²„μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 이제 "to hoover",
20:10
and "hoovering". Okay? So, names count for about 4% in the English language, so Hoover,
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"hoovering"μ΄λΌλŠ” 동사가 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ”°λΌμ„œ 이름은 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ μ•½ 4%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. Hoover,
20:20
and more recently, Google; we all use Google, and now there is a verb "to Google",
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μ΅œκ·Όμ—λŠ” Googleμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ Google을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©° 이제 "to Google"μ΄λΌλŠ” 동사가 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ Googleμ—μ„œ
20:28
so I am googling something. So... No, sorry, not like that, that's hoovering.
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무언가λ₯Ό κ²€μƒ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ... 아뇨, μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν›„λ²„λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:36
I'm googling something. So those are just two examples of names that are now part of the English
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λ‚˜λŠ” 무언가λ₯Ό κ²€μƒ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것듀은 ν˜„μž¬ μ˜μ–΄μ˜ 일뢀가 된 μ΄λ¦„μ˜ 두 κ°€μ§€ 예일 뿐이며
20:44
language, and it's changing all the time still. So... But it's a fascinating language to study,
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, 그것은 μ—¬μ „νžˆ ​​항상 λ³€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ... ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ λ™μ˜ν•˜μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κΈ°μ— λ§€λ ₯적인 μ–Έμ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
20:52
as I hope you agree.
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.
20:54
So, I hope that's been interesting for you, a bit of history.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 그것이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ ν₯λ―Έλ‘œμ› κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ•½κ°„μ˜ μ—­μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:59
And there is a quiz on the website, www.engvid.com,
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그리고 ν™ˆνŽ˜μ΄μ§€ www.engvid.com에 ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ κΌ­
21:04
so I hope you'll go and give that a try.
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κ°€λ³΄μ‹œκΈΈ λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€ .
21:07
And so that's all for today.
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μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μ—¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:10
But come back soon, and we'll have another lesson for you. Okay?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ³§ λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹œλ©΄ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ λ“£κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
21:14
Thank you. Bye.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•ˆλ…•.

Original video on YouTube.com
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이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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