Understanding common phrasal verbs in English | Learn English with Cambridge

4,477 views ใƒป 2019-08-31

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:09
Hello, hello, everyone.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:11
My name is Andres Herrera, and in this video,
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ Andres Herrera ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€
00:13
Iโ€™m going to teach you three phrasal verbs.
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ 3 ใคๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:16
And believe me, they can cause confusion.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
00:20
As Maria said on one of her previous videos,
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ใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใŒ ไปฅๅ‰ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ 1 ใคใง่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
00:23
a phrasal verb is an idiomatic phrase consisting of a verb
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ใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž ใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž
00:26
and another element,
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ใจๅˆฅใฎ่ฆ็ด  (
00:27
usually an adverb or a preposition.
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้€šๅธธใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉž ใพใŸใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž) ใงๆง‹ๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚
00:30
There are lots of phrasal verbs
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ๅคšใใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ
00:32
and they usually have very different meanings.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้€šๅธธใฏ ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:34
So, letโ€™s start.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:35
No, man.
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใ€œใชใ„ใ€‚
00:36
Iโ€™m still looking for a new job.
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็งใฏใพใ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:38
By the way, I heard that you got a new job.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใŸใจ่žใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:40
How are you doing there?
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ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:41
Oh, not really good, actually.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:43
I am fed up with cleaning up after that boy.
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็งใฏใ‚ใฎๅฐ‘ๅนดใฎๅพŒ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใซใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
00:46
He is all the time
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ๅฝผใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚
00:47
with his toys and you know.
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ใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒ ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:53
Wait a minute.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใ€‚
00:54
Some learners might think
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใฏ
00:56
that to clean up after someone means to clean somewhere
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎๅพŒใซๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ
00:59
that other people have already cleaned.
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ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบ ใŒใ™ใงใซๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:02
The real meaning
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ใ“ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณ
01:03
of this phrasal verb is to make a place clean
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ใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆฑšใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆฑšใ— ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„
01:06
after it has been left dirty or messy by someone.
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ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:12
Hey, man.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€‚
01:13
Did you pass your exams at university?
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ๅคงๅญฆใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฏๅˆๆ ผใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
01:15
Actually, it was really hard.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงๅค‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:17
I scraped through my final English exam.
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็งใฏ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆœ€็ต‚่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ใ“ใ™ใ‚Š่ฝใจใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:33
Wait a minute.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใ€‚
01:34
Of course, you can scrape your arm,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่ปขใ‚“ ใ ๅ ดๅˆใฏ่…•ใ‚’ๆ“ฆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
01:36
if you fall down.
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ใ€‚
01:37
But if you join the words scrape
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€scrape and through ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹
01:39
and through, it means to succeed in something,
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ใจ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
01:42
but with a lot of difficulty.
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ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ›ฐ้›ฃใŒไผดใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
Like your final English exam.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆœ€็ต‚่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
01:46
You look a bit tired.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:47
Are you feeling well?
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ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:50
Well, Iโ€™m okay,
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒซใ‚จใƒณใ‚ถใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃ
01:51
but I think Iโ€™m coming down with flu.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ† ใ€‚
01:53
Achoo!
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ใ‚ใกใ‚…๏ผ
01:54
How about you?
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ๅ›ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
01:56
Are you still going to university?
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ใพใ  ๅคงๅญฆใซ้€šใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:01
Wait a minute.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใ€‚ ๅปบ็‰ฉใฎ 2 ้šŽ
02:03
Come down might be really confusing,
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02:05
because you can come down two floors in a building,
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ใพใง้™ใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใง
02:08
or when your mother says, come down for dinner.
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ใ€้™ใ‚Šใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:12
But when you add with,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใจ
02:14
it can also mean to start to suffer from an illness,
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ใ€็—…ๆฐ—ใ€
02:18
especially one that is not serious like the flu.
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็‰นใซ ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒซใ‚จใƒณใ‚ถใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆทฑๅˆปใงใฏใชใ„็—…ๆฐ—ใซ่‹ฆใ—ใฟๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
02:22
If you want to deepen your knowledge of phrasal verbs,
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ๆทฑใ‚ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
02:26
I highly recommend using the Cambridge
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ใ€Cambridge
02:28
Phrasal Verbs Dictionary and English Phrasal Verbs in Use.
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Phrasal Verbs Dictionary ใจ English Phrasal Verbs in Use ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทใใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
They will be linked in the description box below.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ไธ‹ใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:34
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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