How To Talk About Obligations In English

58,195 views ใƒป 2023-06-13

Learn English with Bob the Canadian


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
In life, we often do the things we want to do,
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ไบบ็”ŸใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ„
00:03
and we don't do the things we don't want to do.
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ใ“ใจใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:06
But sometimes, there are things we don't want to do
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ‚„ใ‚Š ใŸใใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰
00:09
where we can't decide not to do it.
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ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆฑบๆ–ญใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Are you following me here?
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ใ“ใ“ใง็งใ‚’ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:13
There are certain things in life
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ไบบ็”Ÿใซใฏใ€ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
00:15
where we are obligated to do it.
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ใ€‚
00:17
There are things in life where we have no choice.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใซใฏ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:20
In this English lesson,
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ใ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
00:21
I'll teach you seven different ways
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00:23
we talk about those kinds of things.
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ 7 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:25
(upbeat electronic music)
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้›ปๅญ้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:31
The first phrase I want to teach you,
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€
00:33
one that we use in these types of situations,
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
00:36
is the phrase, "I have to..."
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ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ...ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
00:38
"I have to be at work on time."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚Šใซไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
00:41
"I have to be at work on time every day.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚Šใซๅ‡บๅ‹คใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:44
If I'm late day after day, eventually I will lose my job.
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ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ้…ๅˆปใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅคฑใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:48
Eventually, my boss will fire me.
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ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏไธŠๅธใŒ็งใ‚’่งฃ้›‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:49
I have to be at work on time every day."
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็งใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚Šใซๅ‡บๅ‹คใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
00:53
"My mom's birthday is soon, so I have to buy her a present.
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใชใฎใงใ€ ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:57
I have to buy her a present
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00:58
because I don't want to be the only one at the party
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใง็งใ ใ‘ใŒใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซ
01:02
not giving her a present.
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ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆธกใ•ใชใ„ใฎใฏๅซŒใชใฎใงใ€ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:03
That would be really awkward.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฐ—ใพใšใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡
01:05
So I need to go to a store, I need to find something nice,
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ใ†ใ€‚ ใŠๅบ—ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ—ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ—ใ€
01:08
and I have to buy her a present."
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ๅฝผๅฅณใซใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
01:10
So one of the first phrases, "I have to..."
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎ 1 ใคใฏ ใ€ใ€Œ... ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
01:13
"I have to be on time for work."
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ใ€Œไป•ไบ‹ใซ้–“ใซๅˆใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
"I have to buy my mom a birthday present."
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ใ€ŒใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™
01:17
The next phrase we use to talk about these situations
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ใŸใ‚ใซ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟใ†ๆฌกใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏ
01:20
is the phrase, "I must..."
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ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏโ€ฆใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ€Œ
01:23
"I must do my homework tonight or tomorrow
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ไปŠๅคœๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ
01:26
the teacher will be mad at me."
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ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
01:27
I don't have to do my homework, I'm the teacher,
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็งใฏๆ•™ๅธซใชใฎใงๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
01:29
but that would be an example you would use as a student.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅญฆ็”Ÿใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:32
"Ah, I must do my homework tonight,
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ไปŠๅคœใฏๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€ใพใŸใ‚„ใ‚Šใ‹ใ‘ใฎๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
01:34
or the teacher's going to be annoyed
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ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†
01:36
that I'm handing something in unfinished again."
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ใ€‚ใ€
01:39
You might also say this, "I must pay my taxes."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:42
In Canada, we have to pay taxes.
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:45
We have income tax.
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็งใŸใกใซใฏๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:46
And I must pay my taxes every year
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๆฏŽๅนด็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€
01:49
or the government would get really annoyed with me,
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ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒ ็งใซ้žๅธธใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใ€
01:51
and eventually they might put me in jail.
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ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏๅˆ‘ๅ‹™ๆ‰€ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:53
That wouldn't be a good thing.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:54
So if you were a student, you could say,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆ็”Ÿใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
01:56
"I must do my homework tonight."
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ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใฏๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ›ฝใซ
01:59
As a person living in a country where we pay taxes,
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ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹่€…ใจใ—ใฆใฏ ใ€
02:02
"I must pay my taxes.
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ใ€Œ็จŽ้‡‘ใฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚
02:04
I have no choice, I must pay them."
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ไป•ๆ–นใŒใชใ„ใ€ๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใง
02:06
Another phrase we use in situations like this
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็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟใ†ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏ
02:08
is the phrase, "I need to..."
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ใ€ใ€Œ...ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
02:11
"I need to get my car fixed."
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ใ€Œ่ปŠใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
02:13
My car is making a funny noise,
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็งใฎ่ปŠใฏๅค‰ใช้Ÿณใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:15
so I need to get my car fixed.
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ใฎใงใ€่ปŠใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
If I don't get my car fixed,
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่ปŠใ‚’็›ดใ•ใชใ„ใจใ€
02:18
the noise will probably get louder.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้จ’้ŸณใŒๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:21
And eventually, when I do get it fixed,
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ใใ—ใฆ็ตๅฑ€ใ€ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
02:22
it will cost even more,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฒป็”จใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
02:24
so I need to get my car fixed.
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่ปŠใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
I need to get my car fixed now.
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ไปŠใ™ใ่ปŠใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:28
Maybe my house has a leaky roof.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰็งใฎๅฎถใฎๅฑ‹ๆ นใฏ้›จๆผใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:31
"I need to fix my roof."
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ใ€Œๅฑ‹ๆ นใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:33
I need to fix my roof because if I don't,
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ๅฑ‹ๆ นใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใŸใณใซ
02:35
water will keep dripping in every time it rains.
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ๆฐดใŒๆปดใ‚Š่ฝใก็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:38
And eventually, things will just start to rot
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏใ€็‰ฉใฏ ่…ใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ€
02:41
and things will be wet all the time.
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ๅธธใซๆฟกใ‚ŒใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:42
So, "I need to fix my car, I have no choice."
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ€Œ่ปŠใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ€ไป–ใซ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฏใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚
02:45
"I need to fix my roof, I have no choice."
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ใ€Œๅฑ‹ๆ นใ‚’็›ดใ•ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไป•ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
02:49
This next phrase is one we use in more formal situations,
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ๆฌกใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ไธญใ‚„ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใฎๆณ•ๅพ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใชใฉใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:53
like at work or when talking about the law in your country,
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02:57
"I'm required to call my boss if I'm sick.
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ใ€Œ็—…ๆฐ—ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏไธŠๅธใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:00
I'm required to call my boss to let him know that I'm sick
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ไธŠๅธใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆ่จฑๅฏใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ ๅฝผใฏ็งใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
03:03
and to ask for a sick day.
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็—…ๆฌ ๆ—ฅใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
It's one of the rules at my job for employees."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎ่ทๅ ดใงใฎๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใƒซใƒผใƒซใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:09
"I'm required to wear a bike helmet in Canada.
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ใ€Œ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠ็”จใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:12
When I ride a bicycle, I'm required to wear a helmet.
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่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซไน—ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
It's the law."
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:17
So again, in both those situations, I do not have a choice.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ‚‚ ใ€็งใซใฏ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:21
If I'm sick, I'm required to call my boss
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็—…ๆฐ—ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไธŠๅธใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆ
03:23
and ask for a sick day.
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็—…ๆฐ—ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’็”ณ่ซ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
When I go for a bike ride, I'm required to wear a helmet.
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่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซไน—ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใฎ็€็”จใŒ็พฉๅ‹™ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:29
This next one's a bit of a mouthful.
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ๆฌกใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไธ€ๅฃใงใ™ใ€‚
03:31
That means it's kind of hard to say,
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใชใ‚“ใ ใ‹่จ€ใ„ใซใใ„ใ€
03:33
and it's the phrase, "I have no choice but to..."
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ใ€Œ๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ ใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
Here's some examples.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ”็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:37
"As a teacher, if I see students doing something wrong,
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ใ€Œๆ•™ๅธซใจใ—ใฆใ€ ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
03:41
I have no choice but to enforce the rules.
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่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ™ใ‚‹ไปฅๅค–ใซ
03:44
I have no choice but to tell them to stop
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้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹
03:47
or to even have them go and talk to the principal."
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ใ€ ๆ ก้•ทใซ็›ธ่ซ‡ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
03:50
"I have no choice but to eat healthy food right now."
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ใ€Œ ไปŠใฏๅฅๅบท็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
03:53
Sometimes, as you get older,
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ๅนด้ฝขใ‚’้‡ใญใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
03:55
you eat the wrong foods, and you don't exercise,
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้–“้•ใฃใŸ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ‚Šใ€ ้‹ๅ‹•ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
03:58
and then you have some health problems,
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ๅฅๅบทไธŠใฎๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใ€
04:00
and the doctor says, "You must eat healthy food."
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ๅŒปๅธซใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ ๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:03
So in that case, you could say to a friend,
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ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅ‹ไบบใซ
04:05
"I have no choice but to eat healthy food.
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ใ€Œๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
04:08
Eating unhealthy food is bad for me."
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ไธๅฅๅบทใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใฏไฝ“ใซๆ‚ชใ„ใ€‚ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
So sometimes, you have no choice.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:12
As a teacher, when I see students doing something wrong,
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ๆ•™ๅธซใจใ—ใฆใ€ ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒไฝ•ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใใ€
04:15
I have no choice but to talk to them
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็งใซใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
04:18
or to enforce the rules.
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ใ‹ใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ™ใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:19
And because I'm older and I need to be healthy,
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏๅนดใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใฎใง ๅฅๅบทใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
04:22
I have no choice but to eat healthy food.
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ๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:25
This next phrase is also quite formal,
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ๆฌกใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚‚้žๅธธใซใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใ€
04:27
and it's the phrase, "It's imperative that..."
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ใ€ŒIt's essential that...ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
04:31
You might hear something like this on the news.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่žโ€‹โ€‹ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’้˜ปๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไธๅฏๆฌ ใ ใ€ใจ
04:33
Someone might say,
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่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
04:34
"It's imperative that we put a stop to pollution."
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ใ€‚
04:37
Basically, what they're saying is, "We have no choice.
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œไป–ใซ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
04:40
We need to make this a priority.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ„ชๅ…ˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:42
It's imperative that we put a stop to pollution."
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ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’้˜ปๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไธๅฏๆฌ ใ ใ€‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:46
They might also say something like this.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:47
"It's imperative that we clean up the world's oceans.
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใŒ ไธ–็•Œใฎๆตทใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ€ฅๅ‹™ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:51
We have a bad track record on this planet
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็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎๅœฐ็ƒไธŠใงๆตทใซ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ‚ชใ„ๅฎŸ็ธพใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:53
of throwing stuff in the ocean,
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ใ€‚
04:55
and it's imperative that we clean up the world's oceans."
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ไธ–็•Œใฎๆตทใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ€ฅๅ‹™ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:59
So again, you would use these phrases
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€
05:01
when you're trying to say that there's no choice,
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้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใชใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:04
that it's something that we have to do,
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็งใŸใกใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจ
05:06
something we must do, something we need to do.
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ใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:08
"It's imperative that we put a stop to pollution."
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ใ€Œ ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’้˜ปๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:11
"It's imperative that we clean up the world's oceans."
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ใ€Œ ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆตทใ‚’ๆต„ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:15
Okay, here's the last phrase for this lesson,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
05:17
and it's the phrase, "I'm obligated to..."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ...ใ™ใ‚‹็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:20
This is, again, quite formal,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใพใŸ้žๅธธใซใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใ€่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„
05:21
and you would use it to describe something
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ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
05:23
that you must go to.
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ใ€‚
05:25
I might say this,
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05:26
"I'm obligated to go to my sister's wedding."
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ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ ๅฆนใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใซ่กŒใ็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฆนใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใซใฏ
05:29
Maybe I don't want to go to my sister's wedding.
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่กŒใใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใ€‚
05:32
By the way, I would totally go to my sister's wedding.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€็งใฏ ๅฆนใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใซใฏๅฟ…ใš่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:34
But, if I was someone who didn't want to go
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒ่กŒใใŸใใชใ„ใ‘ใฉ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
05:38
but I knew that I had to go,
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05:40
I would say, "I'm obligated to go to my sister's wedding.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ ๅฆนใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใซ่กŒใ็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
05:42
Because I'm her brother and I'm part of her family,
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€็งใฏใใฎไธ€ๅ“กใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฎถๆ—ใ€
05:45
I'm obligated to go."
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็งใฏ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
05:47
You might have a job and someone might say, "Hey,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏไป•ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€ŒๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅ
05:50
can you come out with me on Saturday to do something?"
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ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:53
You might say, "No, I'm obligated to work on Saturdays.
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใซใฏ ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๅƒใ็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
I have a job, but I'm obligated to work.
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็งใซใฏไป•ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅƒใ็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:59
I have to work on Saturdays."
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ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚‚ๅƒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:01
Normally, you don't work on Saturdays,
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้€šๅธธใ€ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
06:03
but maybe you have a job
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06:04
where you're obligated to work overtime
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ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใŒ็พฉๅ‹™ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹ใ€
06:06
or you're obligated to work on Saturdays.
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ใพใŸใฏๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๅƒใ็พฉๅ‹™ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:09
So again, two situations
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:11
where you really don't have a choice,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ธๆŠžใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใชใ„็ŠถๆณใŒ 2 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
06:13
two situations where you have to do something
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06:16
because it's sort of required.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็ŠถๆณใŒ 2 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
Well, hey, thank you so much
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ใ•ใฆใ€
06:19
for watching this English lesson.
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ใ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
Remember, if this is your first time here,
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
06:23
you're not required to do this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:24
You don't have to do this,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
06:25
but please click that red Subscribe button,
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่ตคใ„่ณผ่ชญใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€
06:28
give me a thumbs up if you enjoyed this English lesson,
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ใ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒ้ข็™ฝใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰้ซ˜่ฉ•ไพกใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆใ€
06:30
leave a comment,
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:31
and if you have some more time,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
06:33
why don't you stick around and watch another English lesson?
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ใใฎใพใพ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆใฏใ„ใ‹ใŒใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใพใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:36
(upbeat electronic music)
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(้™ฝๆฐ—ใช้›ปๅญ้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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