5 Real American Accents You Need to Understand

397,034 views ใƒป 2021-02-04

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Aww yeah, guys! Today we are learning aboutย  5 of the Most Important American Accents!ย ย 
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์•„ ์˜ˆ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„! ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘ 5๊ฐ€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
00:06
So if you watch this lesson until the end you willย  be able to understand Americans more confidently,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ ๋” ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:12
you'll be able to differentiate between theseย  different accents, and you might even be ableย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
00:16
to spot where a particular American comes from. Alright, so before we get into any of that,ย ย 
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ํŠน์ • ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:21
I quickly wanted to let you know that if you areย  new here every single week we make new lessonsย ย 
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์ด๊ณณ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:25
just like this one, so that you can understandย  fast speaking natives without getting lost,ย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋ฐฉํ™ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
without missing the jokes and without subtitles.ย  Just like our fan Fernando, who says that thanksย ย 
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๋†๋‹ด๊ณผ ์ž๋ง‰์—†์ด.
00:35
to our lessons he feels so much more comfortableย  understanding natives. And you will too, just hitย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—… ๋•๋ถ„์— ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํŒฌ Fernando์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„
00:40
that Subscribe button and the Bell down below andย  you won't miss a single one of our new lessons.
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๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ๊ณผ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
So, as an English learner I'm sure that you'veย  heard the terms British English and Americanย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋กœ์„œ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
English. But these are such broad classifications,ย  because really in each type of English like thisย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š”
01:06
we have a wide range of regional varieties.ย  So you might have already seen that Andreaย ย 
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๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Andrea๊ฐ€
01:12
actually did two videos covering 10 Differentย  Real British Accents. Now an accent is comprisedย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 10๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ ์˜๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์–ต์–‘์€
01:19
of the words that people from a certain areaย  use, as well as pronunciation differencesย 
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ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
In this lesson I'm going to show you 5 Realย  American Regional Accents, and those areย ย 
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ง€์—ญ ์–ต์–‘ 5๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
New York, the Midwest, the South,ย  Texas and Southern California.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„.
01:35
Now you probably know there are many varietiesย  of British English sometimes it even changesย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
01:40
with a 20 minute drive in the car. It's hard toย  say how many varieties of English there are inย ย 
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์ฐจ๋กœ 20๋ถ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ
01:44
the United States but it's certainly less.ย  It depends on how you want to cut the pieย ย 
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํŒŒ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
01:49
or, in other words, where you want to set theย  limits of where one accent ends and a new oneย ย 
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, ์ฆ‰ ํ•œ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
01:54
begins. I was shocked that in one article Iย  saw counted more than 20 American accents.ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์ด 20๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Alright, so first let's take a look at the Newย  York accent. So actually we did a poll and youย ย 
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์ž, ๋จผ์ € ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:05
guys told us that this was the American accentย  that you were most interested in learning about,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
and in fact in New York Cityย  alone there are actually severalย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ
02:14
different accents that you can find.ย  So if you would like to learn moreย ย 
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์–ต์–‘์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
02:17
just about those different varieties be sureย  to give this lesson a like to let me know,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ’ˆ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
02:21
and we'll make a lesson on that, alright? So when I think about the New York accentย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
02:25
certainly one of the first things that comesย  to mind is that people who have a thick Newย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ๋‰ด์š”์ปค ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
02:29
Yorker accent often don't pronounce their R's.ย  Notice how George from Seinfeld pronounces park.ย 
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์ข…์ข… R์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Seinfeld์˜ George๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์›์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:50
This phenomenon is called roticity or artfulness.ย  Now maybe you know from our UK accents videoย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋กœํ‹ฐ์‹œํ‹ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ต๋ฌ˜ํ•จ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ
02:56
that in most UK accents they don't pronounceย  R's. So they have non-rhodic accents. Americanย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์—์„œ R์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ non-rhodic ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
accents are rhodic, with the exception of someย  New England accents and some African-Americanย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‰ด์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ์–ต์–‘๊ณผ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ
03:07
vernacular accents. Let's check out Robertย  De Niro's New York accent in this movie.
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ํ† ์ฐฉ์–ด ์–ต์–‘์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์€ ๋กœ๋”•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋“œ๋‹ˆ๋กœ์˜ ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:28
Now let's look a little bit at the historyย  of why most American accents kept their Rย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์ด R์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”
03:33
while British accents became non-rhodic. So when in the 17th Century Britainย ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์˜๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์€ ๋…ผ๋กœ๋”•์ด ๋œ ์ด์œ ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ์ด
03:37
colonized America nearly all dialectsย  of English were rhodic and most northย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ํ™”ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์€ ๋กœ๋”•์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
03:42
American English simply remained that way.ย  Accents in Great Britain on the other handย ย 
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๋ถ๋ฏธ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋Š”
03:47
evolve to drop the R whenย  it's in the final position.ย 
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R์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ R์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:50
Now let's look at a clipย  of an authentic New Yorker.
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์ด์ œ ์ •ํ†ต ๋‰ด์š”์ปค์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Did you notice the way he says what are you doing?ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:12
Now let's listen to how Robert De Niroย  says where did you get this what's this.
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์ด์ œ Robert De Niro๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:23
Nowadays this is a commonย  occurrence in colloquial English,ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:27
but is especially prominent in different Newย  York accents. So when we have a T followed by aย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ์—์„œ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ T ๋’ค์—
04:34
Y sound it actually morphs into a CHย  sound. So what to you will become what you,ย ย 
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Y ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ CH ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
04:40
but you becomes but you. And the same thingย  happens when we have a D sound followed by Yย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. D ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์— Y ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:46
sound but instead of becoming a CH it becomes aย  J sound. So where did you becomes where'd you.ย 
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CH๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  J ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:54
Now we'll watch a clip from Friends where threeย  characters have a strong Italian New York accent.ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•ˆ ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” Friends์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
So in this clip Joey says I want youย  right here as I want you right here.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ Joey๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
So also in this clip we could see that Joey saidย  keep an eye on you as simply keep an eye on you.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ๋„ Joey๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์‹œํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์‹œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
So what did he do there? He connected some ofย  the words and he reduced you to simply ya. Now,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ya๋กœ ์ค„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž,
06:03
while this is not completely unique of the Newย  York accent you can find this done in otherย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:07
parts of the United States, I would say that isย  particularly common among certain New Yorkers.ย ย 
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ํŠน์ • ๋‰ด์š”์ปค๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Now we have a couple more great examples in thisย  clip of that non-rhodic R that we talked about,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋น„-๋กœ๋”• R์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:17
so let's take a look at that andย  pay special attention for that R,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‹น R์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
So another way that the New York accent canย  be recognized is by the extremely drawn outย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
way in which they say words like walk andย  talk. So they might say something like walkย ย 
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๊ฑท๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:38
and talk. To illustrate this this is theย  dad with the strongest New York accent,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ž…์†Œ๋ฌธ์„ ํƒ„ TikTok ๋™์˜์ƒ์ธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์•„๋น ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:43
a TikTok video that has recently gone viral.
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.
07:06
So in a standard American accent weย  would say these words with an A sound. Soย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ A ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
07:11
dog, coffee. But New Yorkers can reallyย  exaggerate that sound, really drawing it out,ย ย 
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๊ฐœ, ์ปคํ”ผ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‰ด์š”์ปค๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ณผ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:18
as we said before. So instead theyย  would say dog, coffee. So it almostย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ, ์ปคํ”ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜
07:24
can sound even like it becomes two syllables. Now, let's go back to that clip from Friendsย ย 
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๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ Friends์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
07:29
and take a look at how Ronnie said tomorrow,ย  because she does the same thing here.
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Ronnie๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
So I would say tomorrow, but she said it theย  same way that New Yorkers would say coffee.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‰ด์š”์ปค๋“ค์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Seinfeld
07:46
And in that first clip we watched fromย  Seinfeld George said it this way too.ย 
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์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ George๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Some of Robert De Niro'sย  and Martin Scorsese's filmย ย 
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Robert De Niro ์™€ Martin Scorsese์˜ ์˜ํ™” ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
07:55
show the strong influence that Italianย  had on some New York accents. So let'sย ย 
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
08:00
take a look at a clip from Goodfellasย  and we'll highlight this a bit for you.
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Goodfellas์˜ ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
So if you want a great way to learn all aboutย  connected speech and the New York City accentย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ ์–ต์–‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:06
among others I have a fantastic resource forย  you. It's our Fluent with Friends Course,ย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
now in this course over 48-weeks you willย  learn side by side with episodes from the TVย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ 48์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ TV ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์™€ ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:16
series Friends. In addition to improving yourย  pronunciation you'll learn thousands of wordsย ย 
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. ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋„
09:21
that Americans really use in their everydayย  speech. Along with understanding all the jokesย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋†๋‹ด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
09:27
by learning the cultural context. So the bestย  part is you can try that absolutely FREE withย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ ์€ 3๋ถ€ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:32
our 3-Part Masterclass. You can sign up byย  clicking up here or down description below.
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
Alright so we're moving West now over to this areaย  called the Midwest. Now this is a very large areaย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์„œ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์„œ๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ณณ์€
09:44
with several different accents and we've chosen toย  focus in particular on the one from the state ofย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์–ต์–‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ฉฐ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:49
Michigan. Now my mom actually comes from Michiganย  so this one has a spot near and dear to my heart.ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์˜ค์…จ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ณ  ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
Now something funny that Michiganders will doย  is that they'll add an S to the end of brandย ย 
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์ด์ œ Michiganders๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฆ„ ๋์— S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:00
names. So instead of saying the car company Fordย  they'll say Fords or the supermarket chain Krogerย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ Ford๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  Fords๋‚˜ ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“ ์ฒด์ธ์ธ Kroger๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
they would say as Krogers. So a common featureย  of the Michigan accent is more common use of theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ Krogers๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์–ต์–‘์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์€ Glottal T๋ฅผ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Glottal T. So Eminem comes from Detroit which isย  the largest city in Michigan, and he does this.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Eminem์€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋„์‹œ์ธ ๋””ํŠธ๋กœ์ดํŠธ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
So we can notice that instead of sayingย  got it he says got it. I would actuallyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
10:23
use an American T here, so I would say itย  as got it or instead of don't he says don't.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ American T๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
Now the ah sound as in father is more drawn outย  in the Michigan accent. This is sometimes evenย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ '์•„' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์–ต์–‘์—์„œ ๋” ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
10:51
referred to as the Michigan A. So instead ofย  saying mom they would say mam. And instead ofย ย 
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๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ A๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—„๋งˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์—„๋งˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:57
saying hockey they would say haki. And insteadย  of saying Chicago they would say Chicago.
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ํ•˜ํ‚ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•˜ํ‚ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
So now we're moving South and onceย  again the South is a big regionย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์€ ํฐ ์ง€์—ญ
11:16
and it has many different varieties ofย  the Southern accent. So we're going toย ย 
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์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‚จ์ชฝ ์–ต์–‘์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
11:21
focus particularly on the accent from theย  state of Louisiana with Reese Witherspoon.
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Reese Witherspoon๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ์–ต์–‘์— ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Reese์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
11:34
Something I find really interestingย  about Southern accents like Reese'sย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์€
11:38
is that it's really sing-songy which meansย  that it has a sort of melody when people speakย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋…ธ๋ž˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
11:43
that makes it almost sound more musical. Nowย  before we really talk about the accent there'sย ย 
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋” ์Œ์•…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋””๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
11:48
an interesting piece of cultural informationย  here. So Ellen mentioned Southern hospitalityย ย 
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธํ™” ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Ellen์€ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ํ™˜๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
now this is based on the stereotype that Southernย  people are really warm, friendly and welcoming,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
12:00
when you go to their home or even when you visitย  the South in general, if you're not from there.ย ย 
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์ง‘์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์—์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ™˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
So a common feature of the Louisianaย  accent which is actually true ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
12:08
most Southern accents is the pronunciation ofย  the ah sound. So Louisiana obviously has a lotย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์€ ์•„ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜๋Š”
12:15
of unique characteristics to its accent andย  we'll look at those, but this one I thoughtย ย 
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์•…์„ผํŠธ์— ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
12:19
was really important to start with. So theyย  will actually add an extra sound to this aย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด a ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
12:24
sound so they add an uh to the end of it so itย  becomes a, so a word like have becomes have.ย 
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋์— uh๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ a๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  have์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” have๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
So in this clip we can see that Reeseย  Witherspoon says the word dance in this way.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ ์œ„๋”์Šคํ‘ผ์ด ์ถค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
New Orleans, Louisiana is one of theย  United States hottest spots for immigrationย ย 
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๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜์ฃผ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏผ ์ง€์—ญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค
12:49
throughout its history the diversity ofย  New Orleans has rivaled that of prettyย ย 
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์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์€
12:53
much any other city on the map. Throughoutย  the 19th Century people came from Ireland,ย ย 
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์ง€๋„์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์‹œ์™€๋„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ, ๋…์ผ, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:58
Germany and Italy and it was this group thatย  had the biggest impact on New Orleans English.ย 
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๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค ์ž‰๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์‰ฌ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
So the English spoken in New Orleans is calledย  yat. Now why does it have this funny name? So itย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ yat๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
13:09
actually comes from how they would say whereย  are you at they shorten this to where yat,ย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋”” yat๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋ฉฐ,
13:14
and a person who speaks yatย  would also be called a yat.ย 
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yat๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋„ yat๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
So here's how actor Anthony Mackieย  describes the New Orleans accent.
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ Anthony Mackie๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค ์–ต์–‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
So he said that the New Orleans accent isย  actually similar to the Brooklyn accent. Now,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค ์–ต์–‘์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ ์–ต์–‘๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž,
13:47
how can this be true when these twoย  parts of the country are so far apart?ย 
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์ด ๋‘ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
13:52
Now we mentioned when we talked about the Newย  York accent that it is non-rhodic in many cases.ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋…ผ๋กœ๋”•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
This is also true of that yat accent.ย  The reason why these two accents areย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ yat ์–ต์–‘์—๋„ ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ์–ต์–‘์ด ์ด
14:02
connected by this feature is both New Yorkย  City and New Orleans attracted German,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š• ์‹œ์™€ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋…์ผ,
14:06
French, Italian and Irish immigrants,ย  with a heavy emphasis on the last two.ย ย 
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„, ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‘ ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
And just by having these populations inย  common they ended up sounding similar.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ
14:14
So do you want to learn more about the Southernย  accent which is one of the most common ones inย ย 
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๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์•…์„ผํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”
14:18
the United States? So that you can understandย  native speakers like Reese Witherspoon better=ย ย 
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? Reese Witherspoon๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก =
14:23
Then I highly recommend you check out this lessonย  that we did recently talking all about the uniqueย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ตœ๊ทผ
14:28
characteristics of the Southern accent in theย  United States with actress Jennifer Lawrence.
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ Jennifer Lawrence์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์–ต์–‘์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
Moving on to our fourth real American accent weย  have Texas. Now Texas is big! In fact it's theย ย 
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๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹ค์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ปค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์•Œ๋ž˜์Šค์นด
14:40
second biggest state in the United States afterย  Alaska, and it's bigger than most countries likeย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํฐ ์ฃผ์ด๋ฉฐ
14:45
France, Germany and Iraq. So we can still talkย  about despite the size a general Texan accent.ย ย 
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ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค, โ€‹โ€‹๋…์ผ, ์ด๋ผํฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋‹ค ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์–ต์–‘์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
So what are some of the unique characteristics ofย  this accent? So sounds are somewhat produced atย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์–ต์–‘์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์ž… ๋’ค์ชฝ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ
14:58
the back of the mouth by raising the tongueย  and what this does is it forces the air outย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
15:02
through the nose, which can make the Texan accentย  sound a little bit more nasal than other accents.
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์ฝ”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์–ต์–‘์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ต์–‘๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋น„์Œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
Twain is something associatedย  with Southern and Texan accentsย ย 
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Twain์€ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ ๋กœ๋ Œ์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์•…์„ผํŠธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:21
which I talked all about in that lessonย  I mentioned with Jennifer Lawrence.ย ย 
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.
15:25
So many significant peculiarities of thisย  accent are in the way that vowels are said.ย ย 
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์ด ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์€ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
So in the diphthong O which is pronounced in mostย  American accents like in the word no. In Texas itย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ no๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ O์—์„œ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค์—์„œ๋Š”
15:36
can be pronounced differently, so let's takeย  a look at this clip with Matthew McConaugheyย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์ถœ์‹ ์ธ Matthew McConaughey์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
15:40
who's from Texas, and the way that he says theย  word goal so I say goal now let's listen to him.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณจ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
So the Texan accent is a lot like the restย  of the Southern area of the United States.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์–ต์–‘์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
However how Matthew pronounces his R's in thisย  clip is completely unique to the Texan accent.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํด๋ฆฝ์—์„œ Matthew๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ R์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์•…์„ผํŠธ์— ๊ณ ์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
What's more Texans have a way of usingย  the ah sound in words like pie and night,ย ย 
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ pie์™€ night๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ah ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
16:24
so instead it will sound like pie and night.
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๋Œ€์‹  pie์™€ night์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
Finally, Texans are famous for theirย  way of saying the second person plural.ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 2์ธ์นญ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
Now in most parts of the United States you wouldย  find people say one of these three: you, you guys,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋‹น์‹ , ๋‹น์‹ ๋“ค,
16:50
whether you're referring to men or women,ย  or you all. However what Texans do is theyย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚จ์ž๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ž, ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹  ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
16:55
take this last one and they scrunchย  it all together so they say y'all.
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์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธ์–ด๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
All right, so finally let's take a look at theย  California accent. In particular the SoCal accent,ย ย 
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ
17:16
as opposed to the NorCal accent, whichย  is spoken in cities like San Franciscoย ย 
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์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๋ฐ ์˜คํด๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” NorCal ์•…์„ผํŠธ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ SoCal ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:20
and Oakland. So earlier in theย  video we looked at New York accentsย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
and there's always been this sort ofย  East Coast and West Coast comparison,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋™๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ณผ ์„œ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:28
or we could even call it a rivalry. So accentsย  are no exception, so let's take a look at howย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ต์–‘๋„ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€๋กœ
17:34
some of these people from New York make fun ofย  the L.A. accent and some of their mannerisms too.
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด LA ์–ต์–‘๊ณผ ๋งค๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๋กฑํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:47
So the joke here is that he says like aย  lot. Now this is because Californians andย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋†๋‹ด์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
17:51
in particular those who tendย  to talk like a Valley girlย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ๋…€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
17:54
which we'll look at in a moment are notoriousย  for using the word like way too much. So let'sย ย 
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like๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•…๋ช…์ด ๋†’๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
take a look at an example with singerย  Billy Eilish who's from in Los Angeles.
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๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์ถœ์‹  ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜ Billy Eilish์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
And just for fun let's look at a resident ofย  Los Angeles making fun of the New York accent.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์‚ผ์•„ ํ•œ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์š• ์–ต์–‘์„ ๋†€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
Now that's just the Italianย  New York accent stereotype,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๋‰ด์š• ์•…์„ผํŠธ ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ด
18:36
likewise the impressions of the Californianย  accent were influenced by stereotypes.ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ๋„ ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
So let's look more closely at the SoCal accent.ย  So California became the most diverse US state,ย ย 
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SoCal ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š”
18:47
as English speakers from a wide varietyย  of backgrounds began to pick up differentย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด
18:50
linguistic elements from one another,ย  and also developed new ones as a group.ย ย 
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
So when it comes to the California accentย  there are two very established stereotypes.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•…์„ผํŠธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™•๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
So girls supposedly talk like the typical Valleyย  girl, and guys supposedly talk like a surfer dude.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ Valley ์—ฌ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์„œํผ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
Now this comes because surfing isย  a very popular sport in California,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œํ•‘์ด ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Š”
19:09
which has a very long coastline on the Pacific.ย  As defined by Merriam-Webster: a Valley girlย ย 
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Merriam-Webster์˜ ์ •์˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ณ„๊ณก ์†Œ๋…€๋Š” LA ๊ต์™ธ์˜ ์‚ฐ ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋‚œ๋„ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์˜จ
19:15
is a stereotype of an adolescent girl fromย  the San Fernando Valley, a suburb of L.A.ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…€์˜ ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:19
It's one whose values mannerisms and especiallyย  speech patterns resemble those of such a girl.ย 
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๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋งค๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ํŠนํžˆ ๋งํˆฌ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์†Œ๋…€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:25
Here's Emilia Clarke, who's from London'sย  incredible impersonation of a Valley girl.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณ„๊ณก ์†Œ๋…€ ํ‰๋‚ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ ์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„ ํด๋ผํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
And this person here does a greatย  job of impersonating the surfer dude.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์„œํผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์นญํ•˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
There's another very prominent feature of theย  Southern California accent, which is known asย ย 
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๋‚จ๋ถ€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์–ต์–‘์—๋Š”
20:41
up talk or upward inflection. Now this is theย  phenomenon where people are speaking and theyย ย 
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์—… ํ† ํฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ–ฅ ๊ตด์ ˆ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‘๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
20:47
sort of end their sentences in an upward way.ย  And this makes it sound as if they were askingย ย 
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์œ„๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:52
a question even though they're just making aย  statement. So let's look at some examples of this.
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. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:20
So most Californians don't distinguish between theย  ah and ah sound which are the vowels in words likeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค์™€ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ธ ah์™€ ah ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:27
caught and caught. Now this is referred toย  sometimes as the cot-caught merger. Thisย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ cot-caught ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
21:34
is a phonetic phenomenon where the vowel ofย  the word lot, for example, merged completelyย ย 
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lot์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:40
with that of thought. So with the mergerย  cot and caught become perfect homophones.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ cot๊ณผ catch๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋™์Œ์ด์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:48
All right, so I hope that you have found thisย  lesson super useful that you'll have some funย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
21:53
putting it into practice trying to differentiateย  the different accents in the United States,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ต์–‘์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ
21:58
because we have such a wide variety of them.ย  Now if there's some accents that we didn't coverย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ต์–‘์„ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋”
22:03
or another one that you would like to learnย  more about then why don't you let me knowย ย 
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
22:07
down in the comments below and maybeย  we'll make our next lesson on it.ย ย 
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
Alright so now it's time to go beyond theย  classroom and live your English. Aw yeahh!!
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ต์‹ค์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒํ™œํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„ ์˜ˆ!!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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