Dates, Decades & Centuries ๐Ÿ“… English Vocabulary with Jennifer ๐ŸŽ“

42,022 views ใƒป 2018-05-25

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hi everyone. It's Jennifer. Quick question. What year is it?
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์•ผ. ๋น ๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ. ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:11
Well, if you're watching this video in the year it was made it's
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์Œ, ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ์—ฐ๋„๋กœ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:15
two thousand eighteen...or is it twenty-eighteen?
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2018๋…„์ธ๊ฐ€...์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 28๋…„์ธ๊ฐ€?
00:20
Hmm.
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ํ .
00:21
How about this question: were your grandparents born in the early
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ 1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:25
1900s or in the second half of the 20th century?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:31
Maybe you're unsure how to answer that question because my references aren't clear. Well, don't worry. In this lesson,
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๋‚ด ์ฐธ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
00:38
I plan to help you understand clearly how dates and years are said and written in American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚ ์งœ์™€ ์—ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์šธ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
This topic was requested by a viewer. I think you'll all enjoy hearing my response to his question.
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์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Be sure to subscribe if you haven't already because one day it may be your question or your
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜
01:01
request that becomes a new lesson topic, and you won't want to miss it!
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์š”์ฒญ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—… ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค!
01:18
Let's talk about years and centuries. I was born in the 20th century.
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์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
I'm not going to tell you the exact year because I hate to admit my age.
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์ œ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ด์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋„๋Š” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
But when I was growing up, we referred to the current year starting with "19," as in
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "19-80" "19-90"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด "19"๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
"nineteen-eighty"
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01:36
"nineteen-ninety"
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01:40
See if you can guess some important years. Say the answers out loud.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‹ต์„ ๋งํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:47
Michael Jackson's Thriller was released in
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๋งˆ์ดํด ์žญ์Šจ์˜ ์Šค๋ฆด๋Ÿฌ๋Š” 1982๋…„์— ๊ฐœ๋ด‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
1982.
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01:58
The first Star Wars movie came out in
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Šคํƒ€์›Œ์ฆˆ ์˜ํ™”๋Š” 1977๋…„์— ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
1977.
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02:08
Madonna's first hit was in
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๋งˆ๋ˆ๋‚˜์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํžˆํŠธ
02:14
1984. She sang borderline, and I loved that song then and I loved that song to this day.
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๊ณก์€ 1984๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
I visited the Soviet Union back in
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์ €๋Š” 1989๋…„์— ์†Œ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
1989. Back then St. Petersburg was called Leningrad.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ƒํŠธํŽ˜ํ…Œ๋ฅด๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ๋Š” ๋ ˆ๋‹Œ๊ทธ๋ผ๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
I remember how scary and exciting it was to face the turn of the century, a new millennium.
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์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ธฐ, ์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
We wondered if our clocks and computers would make a smooth transition.
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์‹œ๊ณ„์™€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ˆœ์กฐ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™˜๋ ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
I was in Moscow, Russia when I welcomed the year 2000. If you were alive back then, where were you on New Year's Eve?
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2000๋…„์„ ๋งž์ดํ•œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒˆํ•ด ์ „๋‚ ์€ ์–ด๋””์˜€์„๊นŒ?
03:01
It's interesting to note that we say 1800, 1801, 1802...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 1800, 1801, 1802...
03:07
1900, 1901,
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1900, 1901,
03:10
1902...
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1902...๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
But most English speakers used the full forms for the early 2000s: the year 2000,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ „์ฒด ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: 2000,
03:20
2001,
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2001,
03:21
2002, and so on.
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2002 ๋“ฑ.
03:24
Both my children were born in the early 2000s.
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๋‘ ์•„์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Some people add the word "and," as in
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:32
"two thousand and five"..."two thousand and six."
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"์ด์ฒœ์˜ค"..."์ด์ฒœ์œก"์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ "๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
I don't usually do that, but this is a variation you may hear.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Once we hit 10 and get into the teens, there's some debate, but the truth is we shouldn't have to argue.
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10์‚ด์ด ๋˜๊ณ  10๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์‹ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
I don't think there's really a right or wrong way to talk about the current year. We just need to be open to variation.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ฌํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์˜ณ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
People have their preferences. If you have a teacher, a boss, or an editor that prefers one
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ, ์ƒ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:06
variation and asks everyone to be consistent, then okay.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Otherwise, know that most people are fine hearing either "two thousand eighteen" or "twenty-eighteen."
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "์ด์ฒœ์‹ญํŒ”"์ด๋‚˜ "์ด์‹ญํŒ”"์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:19
The second variation is shorter and easier to say, so most people are predicting that in the next decade the
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์€ ๋” ์งง๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:27
overwhelming majority will be using "twenty whatever" if they're not already using it now.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ "20๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ "์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Speaking of decades, let's talk about my favorite decade for music, the 1980s.
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10๋…„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์˜ 10๋…„์ธ 1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:47
Sometimes I explain to people that my music choices are mostly stuck in the '80s.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์Œ์•… ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ 80๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:54
You'll see variation, but I learned that an apostrophe is used to show that numbers are left out.
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๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋žต๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
It's just like contractions when we leave out letters and sounds.
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๊ธ€์ž์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋ฉด ์ถ•์•ฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
I'm for I am.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋‹ค.
05:09
You're for you are.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
Some choose to use no apostrophes and and write: 80s. The key is to have consistency in your writing.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  80s๋ผ๊ณ  ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๊ธ€์— ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
Either way, if the century is clear, you can simply refer to '80s music.
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“  ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด 80๋…„๋Œ€ ์Œ์•…์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.
05:29
And it's fine to tag on an -s at the end. You could also use the word "eighties." Music from the eighties.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋์— -s๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "80๋…„๋Œ€"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 80๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ์Œ์•….
05:38
But numerals are clear and easy to read. For Americans, simplicity and convenience usually win.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•จ์ด ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
The exception is if you're writing in formal English. Then you'll want to avoid the two-digit number, '80s.
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด 80๋…„๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
It's better to write "the 1980s."
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"1980๋…„๋Œ€"๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
We add an -s for centuries as well when we're using numerals and were referring to a whole period.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ -s๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
The 1700s, the 1800s, the 1900s, the early 2000s.
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1700๋…„๋Œ€, 1800๋…„๋Œ€, 1900๋…„๋Œ€, 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜.
06:22
Earlier I asked if your grandparents were born in the early or late 1900s.
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์•ž์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด 1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
That probably sounds more natural in conversation, but I could also ask if your grandparents were born in the earlier late 20th century.
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๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
The 20th century refers to 1900 up to and including 1999.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ๋Š” 1900๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1999๋…„๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
So how else can I refer to the 1800s?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด 1800๋…„๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:51
Using an ordinal number, I could say the 19th century.
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์„œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด 19์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
Which years were a part of the 17th century?
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17์„ธ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ํ•ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:02
The year 1600, 1601, 1602... all the way up to and including 1699.
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1600๋…„, 1601๋…„, 1602๋…„โ€ฆ
07:12
If you're writing formally in English,
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07:15
you'll want to avoid the small letters like "th" to indicate 20th rather than "twentieth."
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07:23
In a history book, you'll see numerals used for a specific year, as in
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์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ฑ…์—์„œ๋Š” 1776๋…„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŠน์ • ์—ฐ๋„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
07:29
1776, but for centuries, you'll more likely to see words like "the eighteenth century"
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆซ์ž์™€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” "18์„ธ๊ธฐ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:36
rather than a combination of numerals and words.
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.
07:42
For example: The late eighteenth century was filled with political tension.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด: 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์€ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ธด์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 80๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜, 80๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
07:54
Note my use of "early" and "late" with decades and centuries, as in:
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— "์ดˆ๊ธฐ"์™€ "ํ›„๊ธฐ"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
08:00
the early '80s, the late '80s.
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.
08:05
Do you know Celine Dion?
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์…€๋ฆฐ ๋””์˜จ์„ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
08:08
One of her most popular songs is "My Heart Will Go On." I bet you know it. Can you recall when the song was released?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” "My Heart Will Go On"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ธฐ. ๊ทธ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐœ๋งค๋๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
08:17
It was just before the turn of the century, so we can say it came out in the late 1990s or the late '90s.
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์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์ด๋‚˜ 90๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
Sometimes you'll also hear "the first half of the century" or "the latter half of the century."
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” "์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜" ๋˜๋Š” "์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ›„๋ฐ˜"๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
I can also say that Celine Dion became popular towards the end of the twentieth century.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์…€๋ฆฐ ๋””์˜น์ด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง์— ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
We can also use mid- to refer to the middle of a time period.
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด mid-๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
Did you know that here in the U.S., drive-in movie theaters enjoyed popularity in the mid-1900s?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ 1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์— ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์ธ ์˜ํ™”๊ด€์ด ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
09:00
They were definitely falling out of popularity by the time I was born.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
How about the history of the auto industry?
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:11
Do you know when mass production of cars began?
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์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:15
Was it the early 1900s, the mid-1900s, or the latter half of the 20th century?
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1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜, 1900๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜?
09:22
If you're not sure, you can search online and tell me in the comments.
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์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
Mid- is used in other combinations,
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Mid-๋Š”
09:31
like midweek to refer to the middle of the week. I could say, "Let's touch base again midweek."
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์ฃผ์ค‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ฃผ์ค‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐํ•ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ฃผ์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์ง€์ž"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Some people take a midday nap. I returned from my trip in mid-July.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ๋‚ฎ์— ๋‚ฎ์ž ์„ ์ž”๋‹ค. 7์›” ์ค‘์ˆœ์— ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
While we're talking about time and dates, let me clarify the use of B.C. and A.D.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‚ ์งœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ B.C. ๋ฐ A.D.
10:02
These are abbreviations.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
B.C. stands for "before Christ."
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๊ธฐ์›์ „ "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„ ์ด์ „"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
A.D. comes from Latin and it means "in the year of our Lord."
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A.D.๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์—์„œ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ "์ฃผ๋‹˜์˜ ํ•ด์—"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
But time changes and so does language. The textbooks that my children use now in school
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด๋„ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋Š”
10:21
use C.E. and B.C.E.
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C.E.์™€ B.C.E๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
meaning, Common Era and Before Common Era.
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ํ†ต์šฉ ๊ธฐ์›(Common Era)๊ณผ ํ†ต์šฉ ํ†ต์šฉ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ด์ „(Before Common Era)์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
You'll still see B.C. and A.D., but "Common Era" is considered more politically correct now.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ B.C.๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "Common Era"๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
So we can use B.C. or B.C.E.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ B.C.๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์›์ „
10:42
to talk about the time when Cleopatra lived, for example. I read that she lived in
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํด๋ ˆ์˜คํŒŒํŠธ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 69๋…„์— ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
69 B.C. or 69 B.C.E.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 69๋…„
10:55
Are you good at recalling ancient history?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:58
Do you know when the city of Troy fell? If you know, you can tell me in the comments.
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ํŠธ๋กœ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ํ•จ๋ฝ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
Okay, before we end, let's do a quick review of the basics.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:15
Can you tell me in American English? How would we write...?
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ธ๊นŒ์š”...?
11:24
Well, there's more than one way, but I'd expect to see one of these formats.
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์Œ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
11:33
Note that it's not really necessary to add those small letters to indicate ordinal numbers, but some people choose to do this.
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๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
Let me ask you about more recent history. Do you know when Prince Harry and Meghan Markle got married?
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๋” ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Harry ์™•์ž์™€ Meghan Markle์ด ์–ธ์ œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:50
When was the date of their wedding?
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹ ๋‚ ์งœ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:59
Here are all the questions you can answer to practice what you've learned.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ
12:19
As I mentioned,
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์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
12:20
this lesson was based on a viewer's question. Another great way to get answers to your language
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์–ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
12:26
questions is to become a sponsor of English with Jennifer.
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด ์Šคํฐ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
All of my sponsors enjoy a monthly live stream. That's when I can answer their language questions in detail.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์Šคํฐ์„œ๋Š” ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
I'll put more information in the video description about becoming a sponsor in case you're interested.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ ์žˆ์œผ์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šคํฐ์„œ ๋˜๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
That's all for now. As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
12:55
Join me on my YouTube Community Tab for special posts each week.
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๋งค์ฃผ ํŠน๋ณ„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด YouTube ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:00
If you haven't already, please subscribe to my channel. That way you'll get notification of every new video I upload to YouTube.
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์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ YouTube์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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