Advanced English: Formal vs. Informal Language ๐Ÿ›ธ What you need to know!

19,437 views ใƒป 2018-05-11

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hello everybody. It's Jennifer here with an English lesson for all you advanced learners out there.
0
5260
6840
๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์•ˆ๋…•. ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
I often like to start a lesson with a question. How I word that question and how I say it set the tone.
1
12100
7160
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์กฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Hopefully, you agree that the first statement was more informal. It's something we might say in casual conversation.
2
44440
7940
๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ๋” ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
The second was more formal and polite.
3
52380
3080
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ •์ค‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
But what exactly makes the two questions different? That's what we'll talk about in this lesson on formal and informal English.
4
55460
9000
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‘ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
I've created this lesson with two goals in mind. First, as an advanced speaker of English,
5
64980
6240
์ €๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ
01:11
you need to be comfortable speaking on different topics.
6
71220
3440
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Conversations take many turns, and people have various interests. Can you express your opinion on different subjects?
7
74660
7960
๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฐจ๋ก€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:22
We'll see how you do later in this lesson when we start talking about aliens,
8
82620
5760
์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ, ์Œ๋ชจ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:28
conspiracy theories, and technology.
9
88380
3800
.
01:32
Second, your language always needs to be appropriate for the context. What are you talking about? And who are your listeners?
10
92180
7980
๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์Šจ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:42
There are times you can relax and use a more conversational tone, and there are times when you need to use more careful
11
102159
7130
๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ  ์ข€ ๋” ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋งํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:49
speech to match the polite company that you're in.
12
109289
4951
.
01:54
How comfortably can you switch between registers? Can you easily increase and decrease the level of formality?
13
114240
8560
์„ฑ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ˜•์‹์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋†’์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:04
So I'm going to test your ability to express ideas at different registers. And we'll have fun doing it.
14
124020
7020
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ ˆ์ง€์Šคํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Who doesn't like to consider the possibility of aliens and UFOs?
15
131040
5600
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ณผ UFO์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:23
The first thing that made my two questions sound different was how I spoke.
16
143280
5440
๋‚ด ๋‘ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
I used less careful pronunciation in the first question.
17
148720
4160
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋œ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
In relaxed speech, we use short forms and reductions, for example, "wanna"
18
152880
5880
ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” "want to" ๋Œ€์‹  "wanna"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์งง์€ ํ˜•์‹๊ณผ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:38
instead of "want to." I want to hear what you think.
19
158760
4820
. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
I also used intonation that was very typical of everyday conversation.
20
163580
5880
์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์–ต์–‘๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
So...
21
169460
1820
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ...
02:51
So I want to hear what you think. Or I could say, "So I want to hear what you think."
22
171280
7240
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” "๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
So I want to hear what you think about aliens and UFOs. You got any thoughts on that?
23
178520
6780
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ณผ UFO์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:06
The second difference had to do with my structure.
24
186140
3500
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋‚ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
In informal English, we sometimes omit words because we know they'll be understood.
25
189640
5400
๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
This happens in particular with yes-no questions when we drop the helping verb.
26
195120
6320
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ๋•Œ ์˜ˆ-์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
You got any thoughts on that?
27
202300
3100
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:25
There's no helping verb "do" or "have" although I'm asking this question in the simple present.
28
205400
7160
๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ "do"๋‚˜ "have"๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
This is a fairly common pattern with the verb got in American English.
29
212560
6600
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ get ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ”ํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด
03:39
We can start a yes-no question immediately with the subject pronoun "you." You got any thoughts on that?
30
219540
6800
๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ "you"๋กœ ์˜ˆ-์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:46
You got any change?
31
226340
2380
๊ฑฐ์Šค๋ฆ„๋ˆ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?
03:48
You got anything smaller?
32
228720
2940
๋” ์ž‘์€ ๊ฑฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?
03:53
We do this with other helping verbs, for example, "You coming?"
33
233040
4640
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "You comes?"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
instead of "Are you coming?"
34
237700
2460
"์˜ค์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?" ๋Œ€์‹ 
04:00
You ever seen anything like that?
35
240160
2380
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:02
Instead of "Have you ever seen anything like that?"
36
242540
4280
"๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑฐ ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?"
04:08
In contrast, I used polite structures in my second question. I would like to... Would you care to...?
37
248300
8860
๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๊ณต์†ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค... ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด...?
04:17
Also used the intensifier "very much" instead of the more conversational adverb "really."
38
257960
7180
๋˜ํ•œ ์ข€ ๋” ๋Œ€ํ™”์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ "really" ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ฐ•์กฐ์–ด "very much"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
I would very much like to...
39
265140
3180
I would very much like to...
04:28
Then I used the preposition "regarding" instead of the more common
40
268480
4980
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "about" ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "regarding"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:33
preposition "about." I would very much like to hear your thoughts regarding aliens and UFOs.
41
273460
5400
. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ณผ UFO์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
So my word choice, my grammar, my intonation, and my careful diction help create a more formal tone.
42
282100
8980
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ, ๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋‚˜์˜ ์–ต์–‘, ๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•œ ์–ด๋ฒ•์€ ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ์–ด์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
If you'd like to work more on intonation, you can watch my series on intonation in American English.
43
291080
7920
์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ์–ต์–‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ œ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:59
And if you'd like to learn more about the changes American English speakers make in fast speech, particularly informal fast
44
299000
7920
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:06
speech, you can watch my 20-day Fast Speech Challenge. I'll put these links in the video description.
45
306920
7680
์ œ 20์ผ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋„์ „์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งํฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋„ฃ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Okay. Let's get into the topic of aliens and UFOs.
46
315120
3640
์ข‹์•„์š”. ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ณผ UFO์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:18
I'll say something with an informal tone. You make it sound more formal. If you need more time, hit the pause button.
47
318760
8840
๋น„๊ณต์‹์  ์ธ ์–ด์กฐ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ์‹œ์ •์ง€ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
05:36
To be more formal, I could say:
48
336960
2780
์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Saying someone is nuts is an idiomatic expression. You're saying they're crazy.
49
352780
5600
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์šฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Idioms are more typical of informal speech.
50
358380
3900
๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
To be more formal, I could say:
51
381960
2520
์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
Formal speech doesn't usually include interjections like "oh" and filler words.
52
400120
6880
๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ์„ค์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "์˜ค"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐํƒ„์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Often there's a shorter more formal equivalent for a longer conversational phrase.
53
407000
6940
์ข…์ข… ๋” ๊ธด ๋Œ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์งง๊ณ  ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
"People who saw aliens" changing to
54
413940
3440
"์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์„ ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค"์ด
06:57
"eyewitnesses" is a good example.
55
417380
4120
"๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž"๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
Using "supposedly" instead of "people say that" is another.
56
421500
6140
"์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค" ๋Œ€์‹ ์— "์•„๋งˆ๋„"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
To be more formal, I could say:
57
444820
2320
์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Or to be more concise:
58
454920
2140
๋˜๋Š” ๋” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
07:46
Again we have an idiomatic expression:
59
466180
2340
๊ด€์šฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Get out. It's actually a phrasal verb. If the truth gets out, it becomes known. It becomes exposed or revealed.
60
468520
8580
Get out. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€๋ฉด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
07:57
Idiomatic expressions, including phrasal verbs are more typical of informal speech.
61
477120
5760
ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
We sometimes start sentences or ideas with the conjunctions AND, BUT, SO.
62
484180
7400
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ AND, BUT, SO๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
This tends to be more typical of informal English.
63
491580
3840
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
Informal English also makes more use of the first-person
64
497540
4140
๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ 1์ธ์นญ
08:21
subject (pronoun), so we'll start sentences with: I think, I know, I heard, I feel...
65
501680
8440
์ฃผ์–ด(๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ)๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I think, I know, I heard, I feel...
08:31
All right. Let's switch it around.
66
511960
1950
All right. ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:33
I'll make a more formal statement, and you change it so it sounds more relaxed and appropriate for informal conversation.
67
513910
9730
์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ ์ข€ ๋” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์—†๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ๋ฐ”๊พธ์„ธ์š”.
09:03
In informal English, I might say something like this:
68
543860
3620
๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
Sometimes you'll see that one word is more frequently used than another word in the same word family.
69
566600
6220
๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ตฐ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
"Tend" and "tendency" are examples. We use the verb "tend" more than we use the noun "tendency."
70
572820
7860
"๊ฒฝํ–ฅ"๊ณผ "๊ฒฝํ–ฅ"์ด ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ฒฝํ–ฅ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค "๊ฒฝํ–ฅ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
In everyday conversation,
71
581740
1860
์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š”
09:43
it's more common to say that someone tends to do something rather than someone has the tendency to do something.
72
583600
8100
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
When you learn a new word, note the part of speech and the context you heard it in.
73
591700
6960
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด ๋‘์„ธ์š”.
10:15
As a less formal variation, I'd suggest something like this:
74
615540
4560
๋œ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
The passive voice is more common in formal English, especially written English.
75
637779
4820
์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์–ด, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
"Have been known" and "deemed to be" are examples of passive verbs.
76
644640
5240
"Have been known"๊ณผ "deemed to be"๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Again you see that academic words like "disseminate" are more typical of formal English.
77
652220
5980
๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "diseminate"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
Okay, last one.
78
660120
2000
์ข‹์•„, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰.
11:17
There were some fancy words in that statement. To make it more appropriate for informal conversation, I'd suggest something like this:
79
677160
7580
๊ทธ ๋ง์—๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์—†๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆ
11:38
One suggestion I have is to go back through my six statements and listen to the formal and informal
80
698760
6460
ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ œ์•ˆ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฐ ๋น„๊ณต์‹
11:45
versions. You can listen and repeat. Try to imitate my speech, particularly the stress and intonation.
81
705220
10020
๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋ง, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ์™€ ์–ต์–‘์„ ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:55
As your final task, I'd like you to consider the idea of free energy, meaning energy that is freely available.
82
715360
8820
๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์œ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
If alien technology allowed us to make use of free energy within the near future, it would change our world in many ways.
83
724180
9720
์™ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ž์œ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋€” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
We'd have no dependency on oil or other fossil fuels.
84
733940
6040
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„์œ ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
Think about the geopolitical implications and tell me your opinion.
85
739980
4720
์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
12:24
If the technology for free energy is known, should we make use of it?
86
744700
5820
์ž์œ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
12:30
You're free to use formal or informal English, but I'll be looking for consistency and tone.
87
750520
8040
๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด๋‚˜ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ๊ณผ ์–ด์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
I hope my advanced learners were challenged by this lesson.
88
759320
3680
๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์ „์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
If you enjoyed the practice with formal and informal English,
89
763000
3450
๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šฐ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:46
please like this video and follow me on social media for more language practice.
90
766450
6410
์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ์–ด ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:53
That's all for now. Thanks for watching and happy studies!
91
773720
5300
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
13:00
Become a sponsor of English with Jennifer.
92
780740
2640
์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด์˜ ํ›„์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
13:03
You'll get a special badge, bonus posts, on screen credit, and a monthly live stream.
93
783380
5620
ํŠน๋ณ„ ๋ฐฐ์ง€, ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ, ์˜จ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ ํฌ๋ ˆ๋”ง ๋ฐ ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
Click on the link or look in the video description for more information.
94
789000
4960
์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:13
Note that sponsorships are not available in every country at this time.
95
793960
4300
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํ›„์›์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
Join me on my YouTube community tab for special posts each week.
96
799580
5040
๋งค์ฃผ ํŠน๋ณ„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด YouTube ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:25
If you haven't already, please subscribe to my channel. That way you'll get notification of every new video I upload to YouTube.
97
805640
7780
์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ YouTube์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7